Tallaght is caused by entire canisters embedded in the skulls of protesters the canisters have been identified the city says as modeled on military grenades and the up to 10 times heavier than standard protesters have also said that the smoke committed is different and more toxic than normal tear gas the Syrian president Bashar al Assad has said that state control will return gradually to the north northeast of the country where an agreement between Russian Taki has allowed government forces to move into areas previously held by Kurdish fighters he said that he would not demand that armed groups in the region should hand over their weapons immediately world news from the b.b.c. a Course in Barcelona has acquitted 5 men accused of gang raping a 14 year old girl of the charge of sexual assault in a case that has renewed attention on the definition of rape in Spanish law the men were convicted of the lesser crime of sexual abuse but the court said their actions were not rape because the girl had been so intoxicated they were able to commit sex acts against her without using violence or intimidation the verdict has been met with anger and his main. New research has shown that measles can wreck the body's immunity to other diseases scientists call the mechanism immunological amnesia the research coincides with a sharp drop in vaccination rates in several countries focus Walsh explains researches analyzed the blood of more than 100 dodge children who had not been vaccinated with m.m.r. Before and after they caught measles they were able to show that the measles virus can have 2 powerful effects on the immune system wiping out existing antibodies built up against other diseases and reducing the number of naive immune cells of vailable to fight future infections public health officials say this research underlines the importance of children getting both doses of the m.m.r. Vaccine president chambres wade into Britain's forthcoming general election criticising the opposition Labor Party leader Jeremy carbon and praising the prime minister Boris Johnson in a radio interview with the rightwing politician and Bracks supporter Nigel Faraj Mr Trump peeped praise and Mr Johnson are saying that Mr carbon would be bad for the country a 50 kilometer long round fire is advancing across Brazil's Southern Panta Now tropical wetlands the area is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world and a major tourist destination b.b.c. News. The way. The world is supported by Stanford children's health and the newly expanded more Children's Heart Center doubling in capacity the nationally recognized Children's Heart Center is now able to deliver the best possible care to even more patients with heart disorders stand for children's health access to excellence. I'm Carol Hills this is the world the House of Representatives voted today to proceed with the formal impeachment inquiry of President Donald Trump on this vote the yeas are 232 The nays are 100 and $96.00 the resolution is adopted without objection the motion to reconsider is laid upon the table. And so with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi as gavel we enter a new phase of the impeachment process Meanwhile today in lower levels of the Capitol Building investigators we're hearing from Tim Morrison he's the top Russian official on president trumps national security council he plans to leave his post today Morrison reinforced a lot of what we've heard from others that President Trump threatened to withhold aid money to Ukraine until it agreed to investigate the Biden family John Gans see some irony in Morrison testifying Gans is a former Pentagon speechwriter and the author of White House Warriors how the National Security Council transformed the American Way of War he says Morrison is known as a hawk on Russia and is a protege a former national security advisor John Bolton he's so hawkish that when he joined the n.s.c. Everybody sort of wondered if you would start a war and instead he was leaving with a story to tell that I think a lot of people in the so-called resistance and certainly those who are working on the Democratic led inquiry into the Ukraine scandal are hoping will be helpful to their cause I think that is probably wishful thinking I mean I think that Morrison certainly sounds as though he was concerned with the policy at play but one of the things that John Bolton and to some extent. To Morrison are known for is their belief that the president sets the course and this impeachment hearing is shaping up to be at least fight over Congress's ability to hold president's account for foreign policy decisions it will remain to be seen how helpful he is and to a degree whether he is a harbinger for John Bolton getting involved as well the House Intelligence Committee issued a subpoena this morning for Morrisons testimony the White House directed him not to appear did he want to testify I haven't spoken to him about it so it's hard to say my hunch is that I don't think anybody wants to be a part of this more than they have to be most of these staffers like to Morson and most of those who served on the staff and I wrote a book on 70 years of the staff from Truman really Harry Truman to President Trump most of them don't really seek the spotlight they don't want to really end up in the newspaper they're there to serve the president they're there to serve the nation's interests and so this is a testament to how irregular things have gotten that people like Tim Morson are the subject of interviews like this or walking up to Congress to justify national security divers aren't supposed to testify to Congress they're not supposed to go to the Hill and open up about what the president was deciding that is the tradition and to a degree that's by design so the president has the staff that he needs to do his job so I don't think anybody wants to be a part of this it's more high profile than people on it certainly more costly people like Tim Morrison make probably a 100 something $1000.00 a year and right now they're paying very expensive lawyers to try to help them navigate this treacherous place and the scandal itself is a place where their reputations could be damaged they could get blamed for things they could be held culpable for things so I don't think anybody wants to be a part of this but it sort of is a reminder of how irregular Washington has gotten and how unconventional President Trump has made the making of foreign policy now you've been talking about how the n.s.c. Works what's different about this bureaucracy that might make it tricky to ever get to the bottom of just what went on in terms of a possible Ukraine quid pro quo Absolutely. Well the reason it will be difficult to get to the bottom of it is twofold one it does seem as though this was done outside of the regular channels so how many notes were kept who had a bigger role Rudy Giuliani or you know whoever these outsiders who were involved in so there's a piece of it that's just a right at the other piece of it is that the n.s.c. Staff is considered staff to the president as part of that is part of the White House the executive office of the president and that is generally shielded from congressional inquiry by executive privilege and so generally speaking these staffers are not expected to testify they're not really allowed to testify the national security adviser is a very powerful position but is not confirmed by the u.s. Senate and that is a status that has been accepted by Republicans and Democrats and is probably one of the reasons John Bolton got the job and so what you end up in a situation is that getting to the staff and getting to know what the staff thinks is very difficult to do I had to work very hard to do it to write a book about them and so typically speaking they would never talk to Congress about what the president said and what he did behind the scenes because that's shielded as part of staff work and executive privilege the White House has struggled to assert executive privilege in this situation in part because they released the testimony of the Ukraine call themselves but also because it seems as though it was so irregular and so upsetting to people that people are willing to stand up and defy the president as it's clear to Morrison is doing today with his decision to testify. John Gans is a former Pentagon speechwriter and the author of White House Warriors a book about the National Security Council thanks a lot John thank you so much for coming on later in the show where does one of President Obama's former national security advisers think the impeachment inquiry is heading Susan Rice has a new memoir out and came into our studio we're talking impeachment the u.s. Withdrawal from northern Syria and the enduring legacy of Benghazi that continues to dog her That's ahead this hour. This is Baghdad last night and yes it's part party part protest Iraqis have been protesting since early October hundreds of men and women have shown up on the street to find curfews tear gas and even snipers and today there's a new development the world sure enjoy far is here to tell us more hey Carol yet today Iraqi president Barham Saleh went on national television and made an announcement. I've said that the prime minister. Has agreed to step down he said his government will hold an election and that it's going to be overseen by an independent election commission So how are protesters reacting to that news from what I've seen so far they are not satisfied Carol they say these changes don't address their grievances which are mainly about unemployment government corruption and the basic services they say his speech is just an example of how out of touch he is with the protesters on the streets so put these protests in context for us kind of what's going on here and how did we get to this point Ok here's a very simplified version of how we got here it's been 16 years since the us invaded Iraq right the occupation brought down Saddam Hussein who was one of the region's most feared dictators after a few years of bloodshed the u.s. Decided to pull most of its troops out of Iraq that was back in 2011 and with the vigil came a vacuum Iraq at the time was still very fragile and some experts say that it was this why cume that gave rise to groups like the Islamic state the Islamic state went on to brutalize Not only that you wrote keys but also Syrians So what happened after the Islamic state gained power in terms of Iraq well Iraq couldn't fight the group by its own the u.s. Sent some forces back to help train and support Iraqi forces and it was with their help that they managed to defeat ISIS So is this the end of ISIS has influence in Iraq no effect just today the official media channel for the group announced that they have a new leader whose name is it by him and hushed me out or a she. There's not much that we know about him other than that he claims to be a descendant of Prophet Mohammed that is important because in those I make states they believe that only a direct descendant of the prophet can rule the group and maybe even the caliphate if they have one later on Ok So getting back to these protests Why is it that we should think about the u.s. Pullout and ISIS when we're discussing these protests going on in Iraq today because the vacuum that the u.s. Pullout left in Iraq in 2011 also gave rise to another powerful force Iran Iran is right next door to Iraq and with the Us gone Iran gained a lot of influence in Iraq and are the protesters talking about Iran's influence absolutely they say they're tired of Iran meddling in Iraq he politics and all of this they say has not made their lives any easier I mean Iraq is a rich country Carol it has a lot of oil but for many young Iraqis they're not able to find jobs and protesters say there's a lot of corruption within the government so other than what the Iraqi president said today how has the government responded to these protests even though the protesters have been mostly peaceful in some instances the security forces have responded with force Amnesty International put out a report today and they documented at least 250 deaths I asked their Iraq researcher Reza Sayah if she sees any differences between what we see today and previous protests in Iraq what we have seen this year is not unfamiliar but on a much larger scale and much more brazen including a campaign of intimidation against activists and just disappearing activists some activists remain disappeared today. What we did not see last year is the brazen use of cars to try and run over protesters we have seen in the city of Karbala and in bastra So as you can hear. Carol there's a lot of brutality going on in Iraq and the government is trying to put an end to these protests both through force and various promises that it's been making but it's really hard to imagine that these protests will die down any time soon the world stranger Ferrari Thanks for the update You're welcome Carol. Now to Australia where backpackers go to surf site see hike and pay taxes since $27000.00 backpackers on working holiday visa have been taxed an extra 15 percent no longer This week a court in Australia declared its backpacker tax to be illegal the world's Bianca Hellyer has more in Australia backpacking is a little different than your typical post-college European trip backpackers in Australia usually stay for one or 2 years to do that you need a visa and you have to work for part of the time Aaron Abraham from England was fine with that arrangement. He went to a farm under our working holiday visa didn't make a ton of money and he said the 15 percent backpacker tax wasn't part of his plan. I guess quite pinball when their work Crystal Fox from London spent 2 years in Australia on a working holiday visa she too was blindsided by the tax I didn't know that until I saw shit walking on you can I just see this of me being taken but a ruling this week is being called a win for the poor backpacker an Australian federal judge said the backpacker tax was a disguised form of discrimination based on nationality Abraham agrees. Work in a claim of equal rights kind of different tax and lower level job discrimination there is quite evident Australian farmers. Also didn't like the tax they rely on backpackers to pick produce Emma Germano is a vegetable grower and board member of the Victorian Farmers Federation tax they pay Paul Mullett we don't want to say them tax we shackle to get cable on farms as it is she was talking to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation there Joel Fitzgibbon a politician with an opposition party in Australia said the tax never should have been introduced in the 1st place Beguilement introduced this revenue grab without any consultation with industry strike all those and of course without any concrete to concrete consultation backpacker Crystal Fox said she would have used the extra 15 percent to travel more if I had got actually 15 the Senate would have allowed me to cease all bases out of stay in those places for longer because trauma Australia is really great expensive with this week's ruling outlawing the backpacker tax there's also a refund Crystal Fox Aaron Abraham and up to $80000.00 other backpackers in Australia could get around $2000.00 back it would be pretty happy see I mean because I didn't think we'd ever get anything back from not to be honest I guess money back again if it's not going to the world the Australian Taxation Office is considering an appeal still even if the tax does come back Crystal Fox says the Australian experience would be worth it I would highly recommend it despite this tax problem to be honest I feel like that was just kind of like a minor thing to the overall experience of Australia. For The World I'm being healthier. Here with the world. This is Capt Radio 90.1. 101.3 stock. Your n.p.r. Station we get support from the city of Sacramento department of utilities reminding listeners that the one day per week watering starts November 1st just bring her systems to water on Saturday or Sunday or consider turning them off through winter learn more at Sac waterwise dot com join us in support of Sacramento food bank and Family Services to feed the hungry on Thanksgiving Day celebrating 26 years of walking and running to eliminate hunger and food insecurity registration that run to be the hungry dot com. Clear in the Valley tonight lows in the upper thirty's tomorrow sunny with highs in the low seventy's in the foothills tonight also lows in the upper thirty's with the church tomorrow in the upper sixty's it's to 21. I'm Carol Hills this is the world $29000.00 is the year of the pig in the Chinese zodiac there's some truth to irony in that African swine fever has killed millions of pigs in China this year now the disease is spreading across Asia South Korea is deploying snipers and drones Yes drones to kill wild boars sound extreme food safety experts say African swine fever could pose a big threat to the world's food supply pork prices are already rising here to explain is Dr want to make up for wheat in Bangkok She's the head of the u.n. Food and Agriculture organizations emergency work on animal diseases in Asia Dr Copper we why is the African swine fever such a big threat these African spice either is the viral disease that can affect the mystique peaks and also the wild boar and it can cost up to 100 percent. And because this is quite stable you can see a wife in a long time if the wild boar die of these D.C.'s attack Cassis even though it didn't it's still carry the virus and pass on to that the mystic peaks the deceased can come in from so many meetings including people here men being can carry the virus from a book Lost from our body I mean external surface fly can also be one of the means by restaurants mission so it is challenging in terms of the best security and just to be clear the African swine fever is something that can be spread among animals but not to humans as I correct correct there is no public fails. Now already a South Korean pig farmers have had to euthanize many of their pigs isn't that correct yes because we do not have the effect effects seen or effective treatment yet so the rec. If the deceased get injured a country is slaughtering the insect that in order to contend bricks is the use of snipers and drones is this a 1st in terms of focusing on animals carrying disease or as it's been used before I believe and in fact that while for East practiced in Europe using snow right the and drawn especially drawn is a new technology that the Republic of Korea applied but the principle is to the Internet that for I know China is a country that's been enormously affected how many pigs have had to be slaughtered or euthanized in China because of the African swine fever outbreak the official figure from China e's about 2000000 and I just have to say that this is official shrieker And in this chaos the number of peaks maybe than the official 5th good being reported to international community Wow So maybe even many more pigs China is a huge consumer of pork and I understand that it's now importing a lot of pork because its local production is down how serious is this African swine fever in terms of the overall pig population China is the number one the production country Vietnam East the number of strife from Vietnam a Lauren defeat or that their report is almost 6000005 China even though the film of 3 is only 2000000 we believe that the production peaks as being going up to get a 7 so in these kids that peaks up lie would be ridiculous by half from Asia and we have seen already that price have been increase and these would have the impact on the full security for sure. At this point how many countries around the world have been affected by the African swine fever belt of majority of the countries in Africa several countries in Eastern Europe and in Asia alone 10 countries reporting that disease is there any hope of a vaccine several groups scientists saying that it is crummy saying but it has to go through experiment in the field before it can be commercially available it would be at least 2 years that's what scientists estimate. Dr wanted a couple of it is the UN's emergency animal disease a specialist She's based in Bangkok thanks so much for speaking with us. Tobar 31st Halloween and the hard deadline for the United Kingdom to finally leave the European Union or not deadline ish Medline but it is the last day on the job for John Bercow the speaker of the House of Commons his booming baritone has been the audible symbol of Britain's parliament for 10 years as the B.B.C.'s Sean Curran reports when Bercow 1st got his job his voice was a shadow of what has become order for he'd probably been practicing in private for years but that was the 1st time John Bercow called Order in the House of Commons M.P.'s had just taken part in the 1st open election for a speaker I thank you from the bottom of my heart for the confidence that you have placed in me on that night in June 2009 parliament reputation was firmly in the doldrums following the expenses scandal John Bercow offered himself as a clean break candidate he was the youngest speaker in almost 200 years something he said had lost him the vote of at least one senior Tory I asked if he backed me today certainly not Berkow you're not just chill you're far too young. Given that in my judgment the speaker or of the of Berkshire this Shane Ailes. Thought showmanship simply showing off to his critics was on display again just a few days ago when John Bercow imitated the late Tony Benn as somebody of a long serving member of this house once said sadly no longer with us it's not about politics Richard it's about the. Researchers are about personalities not about personnel structural issues the speaker just ruled that Boris Johnson couldn't hold a meaningful vote on his breakfast deal this led to the now regular accusations of bias that have dogged John Bercow for years the speaker has won a worldwide television and social media audience for his flowery language and his putdowns of M.P.'s and ministers areas ticking off the Cabinet Office minister Michael Gove to stick a cracked spare tracks. And. Last year John Bercow faced allegations of bullying accusations he has strenuously denied he faced cools to apologize after he was reported to have used the phrase stupid woman following around with Andrea lead some about a government statement John Burke a reputation as a result of both his personality and his approach to parliamentary procedure he promised to change the commons. Question urgent questions at emergency debates that were once as rare as snow in August and now a regular almost daily feature the question M.P.'s will have to answer next week when they elect the 158 Spica is what's next for the House of Commons. The B.B.C.'s Sean current reporting from London. News headlines are coming at you next this is the world. Halloween is a marvelous time for tales that send a shiver down your spine a fiction or are they true well on n.p.r. You can trust the news and informed public that is our mission with the stories you hear on Morning Edition we report on the planet and politics not so much treats and hallowing tricks to choose the facts not fables and ghouls choose Morning Edition from n.p.r. News. Wake up to Morning Edition weekdays until 9 am on capper Radio 90.9 factor Mentos dreaming kept radio dot org. Clear in the Valley tonight lows in the upper thirty's tomorrow and Saturday sunny with highs in the low to mid seventy's in Tahoe temperatures will reach into the teens this evening tomorrow sunny with highs in the upper fifty's and Saturday temperatures in the low sixty's . This is crap radio it's 230. B.b.c. News the u.s. House of Representatives has decided to move the impeachment investigation into a new more open phase the Democrat controlled chamber decided that future hearings will be televised Republicans have denounced the inquiry into allegations that the president tried to get Ukraine to investigate his political opponents the United Nations appealed for immediate assistance for 45000000 people in southern Africa who are facing severe food shortages the u.n. Also called on the international community to give long term support to a region which is suffering the effects of climate change researchers say measles is even more dangerous than previously thought because it can wreck the body's immunity to other diseases a study in the Netherlands funded off to patients had contracted measles the virus had deleted part of their immune systems memory. Spanish laws are under renewed attention after a court acquitted 5 men of raping a 14 year old girl and convicted them of the lesser crime of sexual abuse the court said the girl wasn't raped because she'd been so drunk the men didn't need to use violence or coercion. The president of Bolivia ever morale is and his rival Carlos Missa have called for calm after the deaths of 2 people in clashes following the country's presidential election as to Messiah is contesting the results of the vote which gave Mr Mandela's a victory he says is fraudulent rights activists of accuse the Iraqi security forces of using heavier tear gas grenades the normal against protesters leading to numerous deaths president traumas intervened in Britain's general election praising the conservative prime minister Boris Johnson and attacking the opposition leader germy carbon Mr carbon said the Us leader was trying to get his friend elected b.b.c. News. Of the world is brought to you by new offering a personalized weight loss program that uses psychology and small goals to change habits with the goal of losing weight and keeping it off for good learn more at noon and 00 m. Dot com and from at last in whether it's keeping thousands of people on the same page or managing projects from start to finish at last and works to unleash the potential of all types of teams with collaboration software more at last e and dot com. I'm Carol Hills this is the world where a cup or direction of the b.b.c. World Service w g b h p.r. And p.r. X. Republicans are standing behind President Trump Democrats are trying to impeach the president because they are scared they cannot defeat him at the ballot box that's House minority leader Kevin McCarthy speaking today moments later the House voted to proceed with formal impeachment proceedings the Democratic push has been driven by testimonies of national security officials Susan Rice was one of President Obama's national security advisers she has a new memoir out called tough love my story of the things worth fighting for she visited our studio and I asked her where she thought the impeachment process was headed. It's an extraordinary circumstance unlike any other we've had in our history where we may face articles of impeachment drawn up to rebuke the conduct of a president in foreign policy where it appears with mounting evidence that the president has abused the office by trying to extort. Negative information false and negative information on his perceived political opponent Joe Biden from a foreign government by holding back military assistance that was badly needed and a White House visit the extraordinary thing about this Carol is it rather than working to advance u.s. National security interests as any president of both parties in previous administrations would be doing he seems to be utilizing the office to advance his personal political interests and that's what's so striking now another topic that gets a lot of discussion is Vice President Joe Biden's son Hunter Biden he was working for a Ukrainian gas company Prisma in 2014 he was serving on their board and that was around the same time his father Joe Biden was playing a key role in relations with Ukraine for the Obama White House that reason questions about the appropriate role of family members in government would you have stood by if one of your adult children let's pretend they're adults and out there wanted to do the same thing well I don't want to speak in hypotheticals but I think 100 Biden has said that in retrospect he wishes he had done differently having said that I can tell you that Joe Biden's role was purely in service of u.s. Policy on behalf of President Obama he was not doing business to serve his son or his own personal interests in contrast to what we've seen apparently with President Trump he was supposedly optics of it are pretty strong I think that John for the last I mean 100 Biden wouldn't have been asked to be on the board if his father hadn't been Joe Biden Well I don't know the circumstances of why he was asked to be on the board and why excepted I do know that it was perfectly public and transparent at the time there was nothing obscured about it and the questions were asked and answered in that moment but I also think that it's a fair to acknowledge Hunter's own statements in retrospect but the important issue here is whether or not. Not that us policy was compromised to serve a personal interest there's absolutely no evidence of that and I can state as somebody who was involved in the policy making at that point that what Vice President Biden was doing was pursuing the United States Western countries and the international financial institutions and to corruption agenda I want to shift gears to your memoir tough love after reading it I feel like it could just as easily have been called Don't take any crap from anyone something your father used to tell you it could have been titled that your I don't take crap of any what would have been another alternative formulation what sort of impacted your father's advice haven't you well my father was an extraordinary man he was born in segregated South Carolina around 1920 face the harshest form of Jim Crow served at Tuskegee during World War 2 with the Tuskegee airman. At a time when. It was believed that blacks couldn't affectively fight or fly and he served in the segregated military as some will recall when the mission was to fight for the freedom of everybody in this country and around the world except for African-Americans and so my father who was an extraordinary patriot and served in our government at the highest levels ultimately as a governor of the Federal Reserve also was quite affected by the experience of serving in a segregated military and the the message that it sent about how this country viewed people like him and like me and he had several sayings one of which was if my being black is going to be a problem it's going to be a problem for somebody else not for me in other words I'm not going to allow other people's bigotry which is born of insecurity become my own insecurity and in the same vein he taught me and my brother often don't take crap off of any. Bunny if anybody's trying to discount you or dismiss you or cause you to doubt yourself you push back or talking to former national security adviser and u.s. Ambassador to the u.n. Susan Rice her new memoir is called tough love Ambassador Rice you talk in detail in your book about the 2012 Benghazi attacks when you appeared on multiple Sunday shows against your mother's advice which would say to say that the evidence at hand suggested the attacks weren't pre-planned but were a spontaneous response what our assessment is as of the present is in fact what it began spontaneously in Benghazi as a reaction to what had transpired some hours earlier in Cairo that of course came back to haunt you here's Senator Lindsey Graham Republican of South Carolina in 2012 saying he thought you shouldn't be promoted to secretary of state somebody is got to start paying a price around this place I don't think she deserves to be promoted there are a lot of qualified people in this country the president could pick but I am dead set on making sure we don't promote anybody that was an essential player in the main Gazi debacle. I'm wondering did the public kind of drubbing that you received it went on for months about Benghazi did that turn you for a time into a liability for the Obama administration Carol I don't think so or the president wouldn't of not name me national security adviser Subsequently I think it's important for people to remember that in the 1st instance the information that I provided on those Sunday shows was drafted by the intelligence community approved by the intelligence community as our best current understanding of what had happened there was no effort to mislead to lie or to falsify it and 8 congressional investigations that looked into this subsequently validated that So Senator Graham was among the most vociferous and I would think disingenuous of those who attacked me but the fact of the matter is I provided the information that was. What we had at the time and had I altered it or sought to inject my own judgment that would have been a reason to question my competence and my trustworthiness but the fact is it did in the hot house of a political campaign in a political season and result in my being pilloried personally for many many months arguably years and. I think has. Says more in retrospect about those who were attacking me than about the information and the motivations of those who like me were trying to provide the information we had to the American people what do you think is the most urgent foreign policy issue facing the u.s. Right now the threats we face x. Donnelley are rather constant and not substantially changed what has changed in recent years is that rather than the United States serving. As a force for predictability and stability in the world trying for the most part to advance our interests in cooperation with others and do so in a fashion that is not just serving the United States but but serving a larger interest we have leadership that is radically unpredictable and unstable and bearing no affiliation to the truth undermining our alliances elevating and lauding our adversaries and dictators and we have sort of up ended rational perceptions of what the United States is and what we stand for and as a consequence we are exploiting instability and unpredictability and when you add that to these constant threats and challenges it's quite a toxic mix Carol that's how you get in these impulsive decisions to withdraw our personnel from northern Syria and throw our alliance with the Kurds away that's how you get the Taliban invited to Camp David on the eve of 911 and it's how you get planes in the air 10 minutes from bombing Iran and then called off this system and the process has broken down and it is broken down in deference to an erratic unpredictable and I think increasingly dangerous president former National Security Adviser Susan Rice her new memoir is called tough love my story of the things worth fighting for thank you very much thank you. Modern Sudan was once home to the powerful and wealthy African kingdoms of new Bia in the West much of what we know about new Bia comes from the work of archaeologists a century ago who sometimes saw things through a colonial lens some museums are now addressing that the world. Noid takes us to a new exhibit about new b.-a at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston some say it was the real life Wauconda the exhibit is a maze of darkened rooms with spotlights on statues and sculptures in one new book An Egyptian stone woman sits smiling curator Denise dock the tell me she was carved in about 1950 b.c. She's wearing a long heavy wigs and a she's dressed and holding a lotus blossom the statue was put in a tomb in what is now Sudan and that's where George Ryznar found it in $1013.00 he was an archaeologist and also a curator at this museum he's considered the father of American Egyptology as archaeologists he was really superb but he also got a lot wrong doxie says in part because Ryznar based his assumptions on history that was written by Egyptians they were at war with Nubians for generations and they tended to describe newbie and as barbarians he was a wonderful archaeologist but he was not a forward thinking about social issues at all so he brings his own racial biases which happen to dovetail nicely with the Egyptians image of the Navy and us and he causes him to completely misinterpret the city Ryznar classifies the whole team as Egyptian adding to the stature of their role in history even though besides the statue of the stone woman everything else in the tomb pottery jewelry is distinctly newbie and he just couldn't believe that and against it all just ourselves he couldn't believe that the newbie ins had ruled over southern Egypt for time and brought the stone woman statue back to New Bia as the prize but Dockery says that's what actually happened he had it completely backwards doxie says Ryznar contributed to a portrayal of new media as a conquered marginalized culture somehow less important than Egypt and eventually mostly forgotten by scholars in a museums are wary about doing exhibitions and everybody come because they don't know what is so fetch it makes this a zealot. It helps to keep that imbalance that Egypt is somehow much more important but it's been clear for some time that riser got it wrong French and Swiss Teams did excavations in Sudan in the 1960 s. And discovered that the tomb Ryznar found with the statue it was part of a thriving newbie in Metropolis at the center of a trading network that reached far into Africa it's a massive fortified city with suburbs outside of Port and industrial areas and temples so it was actually a very powerful important Kingdom a condemn that left behind what's in the new the exhibit today fine pottery that's eggshell been dipped in a distinctive translucent blue glaze gold jewelry and sculptures depicting animals like rams and lions items that are ahead of their time evidence of an advanced culture in a way new via was sort of Wauconda before what condo was a condo to a country and around that cancer you'll remember what kind of the external ultra advanced African countries in the movie cancer that are cancer has been the subject of generous. Tommy he's the coach who writes the Black Panther series for Marvel has said he imagines will conduct being pretty much where newbie a was so you could say that was the real life for Conda Yes yes I think so Nicole all Joe is director of Africa Studies at Northeastern University in the video in the newbie exhibit she talks about Pauline Hopkins an African-American novelist who in $1803.00 wrote about a secret advanced society of superhumans in the newbie a region the idea of new Bia as a symbol pops up again and again all Joe says right now there's a ballot measure in Boston to rename a historic spot newby and square it's currently named for an early governor who signed laws that enabled the slave trade and u.b.s. Kind of representing a kind of oil African head. Story that folks can use to challenge European and racist colonialist ideologies the Museum of Fine Arts has offered Boston 6th graders and their families free tickets to the new Bia exhibit also says that it's specially meaningful because of an incident that happened in May when the museum says its planning for the newbie exhibit was already under way 7th grade students of color on a field trip said they were racially profiled and guards and other visitors said racist things to them that story was so horrifying the outreach that the n.s.a. Is doing is certainly impacted by that the museum apologized and said it was creating a new senior director of inclusion positioned doxie the curator says Now to some extent that incident informs everything they do they're acknowledging the failings of one of the museum's important figures even though questioning history could be seen as a political stance in the current environment I think we're going to redress past issues that are skewed in favor of white people and that doesn't I don't think mean that we wanted to complete it's over George rice or other of us and say he was horrible but I mean I think we have to be honest T.V.'s The racist and that should be taken into account when evaluating his work doxie sets there are more issues to confront doxie in the 2 other curators of the newbie exhibit are white the museum says diversifying all staff is a priority because as it seems from the case of Ryznar who gets to tell history can matter for the world. This is the world. This is. The point 5 Tom your n.p.r. Station we get support from European sleep. Local purveyors of custom fitted mattress systems that are California made from all natural materials designed for a good night's sleep sleep design calm them from the friends of the Sacramento public library the Friends book gently used. Children's books warehouse a bit tomorrow and Saturday hours and information at Sac. Tomorrow with. Its 250. I'm Carol Hills this is the world protesters in Lebanon scored a major and quick victory this week the country's Prime Minister Saad Hariri said he's resigning the nonviolent protests began only 2 weeks ago with demonstrators blocking roads and bringing daily life in parts of the country to a standstill and so far the movement has transcended Lebanese politics as usual as Rebecca Collard reports it's unclear where things go next the protesters in downtown Beirut ecstatic at the news that Prime Minister Saad Hariri is resigning it's a real victory for their movement but moments later the crowd breaks into one of the most popular chants of these protests was. Given a good news everyone is that it's are going to hold ruling class the day after Hariri resigned Mohamed Muslim is part of a smaller crowd of demonstrators in Beirut he had 21 year old medical student he says the whole leadership of Lebanon needs to go it is National because you look at the me not in the square outside the parliament building a woman on a megaphone encourages protesters to stay in the streets both of quote of the revolution is not over she says but nobody can really tell these protesters when to come and go because nobody told them to come out to the streets in the 1st place and spontaneous everything that's happening started in a sporting news park if you will usually protests in Lebanon are organized by a political faction or civil society groups but this time is different people joined spontaneous demonstrations 2 weeks ago it started when the government announced new taxes thousands of people took to the streets there was a lot of anger but no flags of political factions and that's not usual here I can tell you that's a new that was movement from out most of the protesters I've talked to say that's a good thing the lack of a leader or an official. List of demands means everyone feels like they have a place in this movement that means people of all ages and religious and economic backgrounds the word leader has almost become a dirty word here but the time will come when we will need the needed for some kind of organization. But now that they've toppled the Prime Minister what's next for Lebanon's revolutionaries I sit through that in a crystal ball. Salema it is part of a group of about 100 mostly young people blocking a main road in Beirut but many protesters here Murat says he doesn't know what's next I have no idea people here tell me that Hariri his resignation was not enough they want the whole sectarian based political system gone I feel like what we gained yesterday by the resignation of the prime minister and the government is only 5 percent at the end of Lebanon Civil War $990.00 Lebanon reestablished it's sectarian based power sharing system with each religious group getting a specific government position the prime minister is always a Sunni Muslim the president a Christian and the speaker of the house a Shia Muslim protesters say that system is broken and that it's brought mismanagement and corruption allowing politicians to embezzle billions of dollars demonstrators are calling for a new government of technocrats they want experts and capable politicians to take over at least if there's a new government with new people the cracks that these that decide when the new Soon the elections of the parliament will be the gap between rich and poor here is massive around one 3rd of Lebanese live below the poverty line will government ministers roll through the streets in convoys of shiny new armored S.U.V.s Rudd says these protests are about changing all that we want everything we want 11 on that we dream of with no corruption in the government. And and the presidency and everything people that resembles. Us the people and the things that we want to fight corruption to make it less rooted to bring back the money that was robbed from the people experts say Lebanon's economy is at a breaking point and they warn of a complete economic collapse back at the parliament building Mohammad Muslim repeats the call for a government of experts who want a new prime minister. Technocrat government to save us from collapse but he says he knows that getting there will be a struggle we still have a long way to leave of now was apparent this week when supporters of the powerful Hezbollah an ammo movement fought with the protesters testing their unity and resolve and the resolve is likely to be tested again on the long path to political change for the world I'm Rebecca colored in Beirut. Who today is hollowing the pressure to have the perfect costume can be intense but a group in Tokyo has turned that notion on its head the world's just your mosque it has a story Halloween in Tokyo is known to be over the top the streets filled with thousands of people dressed to the nines in elaborate costumes walk through Tokyo should be a neighborhood and you'll see mummies on stilts a life like Batman and lots of princesses and I mean princesses with formal ball gowns. The ring was beaming That's how a footage from media company Tokyo fashion but there's a small group of people in Shibuya that has completely rejected the notion of an over the top hollow mean instead they do the opposite the far far opposite and dress up as the most boring things they can think of. The tradition of Jimmy Holloway in which translates to Monday and Halloween was started in 2014 by entertainment company daily portals they say a small group of adults wanted to get into the hollowing spirit but felt awkward going to all out so they turned to totally banal costumes now $100.00 show up for a daily portal Zs annual event where they step on stage to explain their costumes to 2 MC's like this guy it is of you how does it is that he's wearing totally normal clothes with a rolled up tissue shoved up one of his nostrils and a smattering of fake blood on his shoulder he went as a guy who got a nose bleed in his sleep which worried his mom so he took medicine then there's a couple that went to Disneyland but got into an argument so now it's kind of awkward between them and here's another one good for 2 people one girl carries a shopping basket and walks ahead of her friend who has an armful of groceries they still look at it because the money they're costume girls who went shopping on the way home from work and meant to get one thing but ended up getting a lot more naturally Now if you don't quite understand someone's costume at 1st glance that's Ok Just look at the labels hanging around everyone's necks that explain who exactly they're supposed to be and if you don't have a hollow in costume yet no worries grab an empty Amazon box ruffle up your hair and go as person who was woken up in the middle of the night by an Amazon delivery I'm sure the guy in Tokyo who actually did that won't mind you borrowing his idea for the world I'm Jessica you're musky count me inspired I'm dressing up as a public radio host tonight from the now and Bill Harris studio in Boston I'm Carol Hills Have a happy Halloween. 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In Los Angeles I'm Carl Rochelle It is Thursday the day the 41st of October good as always to have you along with everybody it is good I think every now and then to pause and take stock to see where things are and where they might be going that's been our theme this week with lots of corporate profits most of them pretty good and the Fed yesterday cutting interest rates while at the same time she said the economy writ large is pretty good and that in a big round about kind a way gets us through tomorrow and little thing called the October jobs reports probably not going to be pretty mostly because of the g.m. Strike but even if job growth does keep slowing and that has been the trend on the 1st Friday of every month this is still one of the best overall job markets in decades which means especially in some middle wage industries where demand for workers is really high that means that higher wages have finally begun to stick Marketplace's Mitchell Hartman starts us off. Just before 7 this morning about 100 electrician apprentices filed into classrooms with their notebooks and steaming coffee mugs at Local 48 of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers in Portland Oregon Ok We're going to do the test we're going to change it up and we're going to get parallel circles 31 year old Amy had x. Takes classes one day a week and works on construction sites the rest of the time when we journey out when we complete our 5 years of training and schooling we make $45.00 an hour it's pretty great and then plus benefits before this I was making a masters degree and was making $24.00 an hour the unions been doing well for its members with the base wage up more than 5 percent since last year says training coordinator Bridget Quinn Yeah anybody pretty much right now who wants to work is working we have unfilled calls at our dispatch office Quinn says the industry recovered slowly after the Great Recession but it's kicked into high gear in the last few years we've seen a huge surge in the number of apprentices that we have taken in lots of overtime if you choose to.