Homebuilding government says spending on single family home construction actually moved higher helping to offset some of the losses in other areas new trade tensions and a disappointing report on manufacturing weighed on Wall Street today with the Dow Jones Industrial Average tumbling nearly one percent N.P.R.'s Scott Horsley reports President Trump is trying to pin the blame on the Federal Reserve the drop in the stock market came after President Trump ordered a new round of tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from Brazil and Argentina that was followed a few hours later by a worse than expected manufacturing report factory activity declined in November for the 4th month in a row manufacturing's been hampered in part by the president's ongoing trade war and lingering uncertainty over Tariff Policy that was underscored when truck abruptly announced the new tariffs in a pair of surprise tweets later in the day Trump tweeted that manufacturers are being held back by a strong dollar he blames that on the Federal Reserve and his own nominee is fed chairman Jerome Powell Scott Horsley n.p.r. News Washington a downturn in tech sector stocks also weighed on the major indices today the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 268 points and the session at 27783 the Nasdaq tumbled 97 points to close at 8567 the Standard and Poor's 500 was down $27.00 points today you're listening to n.p.r. Authorities say they are seeking murder and other charges against a man they say shot 3 officers and killed a 22 year old man after taking him hostage inside his southwestern Michigan home Kalamazoo County Sheriff Richard father says there was no apparent connection between the jailed suspect and the victim Christopher Neil Neil was in his Comstock Township home Sunday watching t.v. With his wife and daughter when the suspect broke in the officers were injured one critically but he said despite numerous rounds fired at them by the suspect they did not return fire for fear of harming others inside the home it's not clear why the gunman broke in. Former President Jimmy Carter is back in the hospital this time because of an infection from Georgia Public Broadcasting Robert Johnson as the latest spokesperson for President Carter said that he was admitted to Phoebe Sumter Medical Center near his hometown of Plains Georgia the announcement came just days after Carter was released from Emory University Hospital in Atlanta where he was recovering from brain surgery this time his hospital stay is due to a urinary tract infection a statement from cars spokesperson says he is feeling better and looks forward to returning home soon Carter has had a number of hospital stays this year mostly for fall related injuries and procedures at 95 Carter has lived longer than any other u.s. President for n.p.r. News I'm Robert Jemison in Atlanta the Food and Drug Administration says intends to review whether or not tobacco maker r.j. Reynolds can claim its electronic cigarette poses less risk than traditional tobacco was in Salem Journal reports Ronald submitted premarket approval for its isa great name views in October which will require the f.d.a. To consider a product's risk and benefits strictly when compared to regular cigarettes I'm Jack Speer n.p.r. News in Washington support for n.p.r. Comes from n.p.r. Stations other contributors include c. 3 dot a i c 3 died a Eyes software enables organizations to use artificial intelligence enterprise scale solving previously unsolvable business problems learn more at c 3. Po support for a family 89 comes from close community college reminding listeners I guess made on Giving Tuesday December 3rd go to student scholarships across food pantry and the soccer and track and field teams more information is available close college dot e d u. From n.p.r. News this is All Things Considered I'm also Chang and I'm Mary Louise Kelly Congress is returning to Washington from Thanksgiving break and some lawmakers are settling in tonight in a secure room on Capitol Hill members of the House Intelligence Committee are reviewing a report that outlines Democrats' findings from the impeachment inquiry that report is expected to be out tomorrow Meanwhile Republicans have gotten ahead and released their own report today that appears to Mack is here to tell us what's in it hi tell me there so what is in the report what are Republicans saying are their findings from the proceedings thus for what's become a familiar set of defenses for the president we've heard a lot of these rationales from Republicans on the House Intelligence Committee during these impeachment proceedings Republicans are arguing that the president has done nothing wrong that any requests he made for investigations into the Bidens or Barisan or the Ukrainian government had nothing to do with benefiting him specifically the Republican report says the president has a quote deep seated genuine and reasonable skepticism of Ukraine due to its history of pervasive corruption and that concerns about 100 bitin are valid they also write the evidence just isn't there to say that the president was trying to benefit himself. Ok how do Republicans square that with the numerous witnesses many of whom work or have worked for this president they have testified in open hearings that the president was leveraging aid for his personal and political benefit so this Republican report attempts to discredit those witnesses saying that these witnesses simply disagreed with the president's policies that they are unelected bureaucrats who did not understand quote and elected presidents outside the Beltway approach to diplomacy and quote They also argued that the impeachment inquiry did not yield direct 1st hand evidence of a scheme to withhold the meeting or and or security assistance to coerce Ukraine to investigate the binds me turn you to the Democratic report which I'm guessing is going to sound very different and have a very different take on this evidence It's out tomorrow what do we know about it yet it's going to be quite different I mean the the rules of the impeachment inquiry passed by the House said that the House Intelligence Committee must prepare a report outlining its findings and possible recommendations for the House Judiciary Committee it will kind of be a roadmap for the judiciary committee to look through as they consider possible articles of impeachment so Intelligence Committee chairman Adam Schiff has said that he has seen evidence of bribery and obstruction of Congress and so we expect to learn more in this report this Democratic report about the facts that support their contention ultimately all the facts have been released to the public in some way whether through hearings hours and hours of hearings or transcripts that have been released publicly that's been done in an open setting so we don't expect new facts just new packaging the argument of how these facts fit together so we have heard as you say all of the witnesses all of the testimony we have read and now this is Republicans and Democrats giving their very different takes on absolutely what it all amounts to Ok Meanwhile you mentioned the House Judiciary Committee which holds the next phase of those this public hearing on Wednesday I spoke with Stephen Groves today he's a special assistant to President Trump he talked about why. The White House is not planning to participate on Wednesday and I want to play you a little bit of what he told me in the mail talk at the White House counsel set out in detail why the White House isn't participating in this in this particular hearing it really boils down to. You know we were not given much notice to plan or prepare for a hearing we don't know who the with this is at this hearing that will be and you know how does one even prepare for that all we're told is this is going to be a discussion about you know constitutional issues so even if we knew who the witnesses were this is going to be some type of constitutional law seminar and not knowing who the witnesses are not having sufficient time to prepare for it it just didn't make sense for the president to ask any counsel on his behalf to attend the hearing of course the president himself will be over in London attending a NATO conference and will not be able to really watch this so that was Stephen groves at the White House today since I spoke to him Tim We have got the waitlist the witness list for Wednesday that's right who's testifying who it's going to be a number of law professors from Stanford and Harvard and the University of North Carolina and one law professor that Republicans have requested from George Washington University but there's you know the president has made his position clear on why the White House will not be participating in this hearing there is a reason however why Democrats are holding it I mean polling shows that 70 percent of Americans believe the president has committed misconduct but that's a lot higher percentage than believe that the president should be impeached and removed so the hearing is to set the bar what exactly constitutes an impeachable offense All right thank you Tim thanks a lot N.P.R.'s Tamara. How do you rebuild the Democratic Party after losing an election that is the question one presidential candidate was wrestling with 15 years ago and shaped his political path south. And Mayor people to judge was a newly minted Harvard graduate studying at Oxford on a Rhodes scholarship he and his friends created an informal group with a mission to help their party's future N.P.R.'s a small Khalid reports When people to judge arrived in England he was a curious bookish 23 year old known to his friends as Peter the year was 2005 the Iraq war was raging on John Kerry had lost the presidential election and Democrats were souls which is still a pretty good name day and weeks was one of beauty judges old buddies at Oxford I think finding like minded people who were progressive no one quite content with playing in a 3rd Way status quo that had defined the Democratic Party for basically our our lifetimes we were really looking for a way out of that and so every week they would meet up with other friends to discuss deep political thought their group was like a book club but without books together they called themselves members of the Democratic renaissance project you were nerdy types I suppose it was something more than just the comradery which counted for a lot we were looking to challenge each other's thinking especially that moment when asked your almost 8 years even George w. Bush a lot of us were feeling like the country was almost unrecognizable sometimes they met in common rooms in the ancient ornate colleges around Oxford other times that a local British pub that had been frequented by a now famous former Rhodes scholar Bill Clinton but a judge 1st conceived of the Democratic renaissance project with good Nash said Iran a friend from his undergrad days at Harvard said Rahman declined to be interviewed on the record for this story he's a longtime adviser to Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren but see below Raman who was also a part of the group says the name the Democratic renaissance project was kind of tongue in cheek was very informal we would take turns hosting in our you know we'd bring some snacks or something we rotate who would tea up a different topic of conversation but as ad hoc as it was there was also a sense of. Generational urgency that if they wanted to leave in a better country they were going to have to fix the country themselves and so they wanted to prepare for public service sometimes the group would circulate writings by modern day political theorists about citizenship or progressive values here's what Monica and he's now president of the progressive group Deimos a lot of times we think through some of the policy debates of the day in the Iraq war was was one that came up a number of times on was one of beauty judges roommates in Oxford at the time but the judge was studying politics philosophy and economics you know we were students it was our full time job to try to think big thoughts and understand how the world works and that's beauty Gedge reminiscing over as Oxford days in an interview with me he says there was an assumption that in order to win elections Democrats had to contort their values work within the Republican framework and put a conservative spin on their message there has been a small business to the aspirations of I think our own party because Foley being tied to all those years that whole 1st decade of this century you felt like all the Democrats were doing was responding to Republicans but it Gedge was frustrated that the g.o.p. Seemed to have a monopoly on family patriotism and morality I contacted over half a dozen old Democratic renaissance project members most to climb to talk on tape for this story they didn't want to discuss campaign politics given their professional ties but the consensus among former members is that the focus in these discussion groups was on values and philosophy not so much specific policy here is good each can a big part of what we were doing was studying the right value one of the things that we noticed was that it was actually the American right wing that had built the strongest relationship between kind of ideas in politics and the British judge and his friends were obsessed with reforming the Democratic Party Ron says he remembers one particular example we actually staged a debate in rocks. And the frame for the debate was the 3rd way is good for the Democratic Party yea or nay the 3rd way refers to the moderate Democratic politics of the Bill Clinton era that sought to reconcile centrist economic ideas with progressive social ideas here's Dan weeks again he'd spoke up I remember used against that way approach he was a strong and I thought certainly a pretty compelling critic of the way but it judges critics now accuse him of being a modern 3rd way politician focused on rhetoric when bridge began his presidential campaign he spoke about some radical changes like getting rid of the Electoral College and reforming the Supreme Court now that he's seen as a more viable candidate he's not as vocal about those ideas I asked buthe judge how he reckons ows how people see him today with his vocal opposition to the 3rd Way back in the day time I've come to appreciate more of the policy work the comes out of modern organizations those friends who formed the Democratic renaissance project never came to a consensus on ideology amongst themselves today some are more centrist others more liberal but says there was something that united them I think we came into that space not just with the scent of price of the with the sense that progressive politics as it was being practiced in the Post Clinton era was not up to the task of what we needed progressivism to do many friends said the focus on freedom values and generational change that you hear in big today come from all the soul searching they did as a liberal millennial living in a George w. Bush world if we want to when we can look like we're the party of back to normal what we have now isn't working but nor was it we're going to be there that's part of how we got here. N.p.r. News. You're listening to All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. Local funded for f.e.m.a. 9 provided by Maricopa orchards remind the listeners that food grows where water flows Sullivan McGregor and door a law firm specializing in taxation estate planning in business organizations s m d Law Group talk calm. In 1900. First Symphony as a tribute to friends who have died of Aids and the next Chicago Symphony Orchestra broadcast join us for the Grammy winning recording of course big and staring symphony plus works by Brahms and next time with the c.n. . Tuesday night at a rally public radio. 89 comes from Tugwell Fairtrade where holiday shoppers discover artists and made gifts from around the world. As a nonprofit gift shop featuring handmade jewelry clothing and home decor along with the stories of the people who create them find. Village and Old Town close Oh Mother Nature has given us a chance to dry out from this current weather system that gave us a steady dose of valley rain and mountain areas snow since mid last week for our Monday evening will experience mostly cloudy skies here on the valley floor temperatures will still be a little bit cold but not quite as chilly averaging in the mid to upper forty's as for the mountain areas expect cloudy skies through tomorrow with the chance of scattered showers and snow elevations remain fairly high above 7000 feet also lows will average and the mid thirty's to low forty's are reprieve from the wet stuff will be short lived as more rain and snow could fall on us by late Tuesday afternoon. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from Zoom Zoom offers cloud video conferencing online meetings and a video conference room solution and one platform featuring digital video and audio with screen sharing account registration and more zoomed us from Indeed with it skills tests built for employers who want to see a deeper sense of the person behind the resume learn more it indeed dot com slash n.p.r. And from the listeners who support this n.p.r. Station. From n.p.r. News this is All Things Considered I'm also Chang and I'm Mary Louise Kelly America's allies in the fight against ISIS the Kurds in Syria have opened the door to a new friend Russia Russian troops and flags moved into Kurdish territory over the weekend that's a part of Syria where u.s. Troops also work with the Kurds after months of mixed signals from the Trump administration the Kurds seem to be hedging their bets on continued u.s. Support N.P.R.'s general is in northeastern Syria she joins me now hi Jane hi there hi I know you've been out and about reporting today were you actually able to see vs Russian flags flying what's it look like we actually were able to see them on the side of the road just on the outskirts of this town called a move which is a couple of miles from the Turkish border but outside of what's widely considered to be the agreement for Turkish Russian patrols So earlier today the commander of Syrian Kurdish forces general Muslim Abdi announced that he had reached this agreement and it's with the commander of Russian forces in Syria for the deployment of Russian troops in 3 new areas including this one and so we're going down the highway end on one side there is now a collection of buildings that has a Russian flag flying and not only the flag there were soldiers on the roof and the weird thing about this also is after driving Pownce to the new Russian base we turn down a highway and there is a u.s. Convoy armored vehicles find the American flag because although the numbers of u.s. Forces have been reduced here they're not entirely gone there's still 4 to 500 of them so it makes for a very interesting space here and right up next to each other what I described the Kurds thinking here as hedging their bets What is the calculation that the Kurds are making Well it's essentially that they need protection and that's a protection they lost when the u.s. Pulled out from border areas that allowed Turkish troops to invade in October. I spoke to one of the spokesman for Syrian Kurdish forces and he said They've lost 4000 square miles and basically they don't have a lot of good options here they're going to probably have to sit down and negotiate with the Syrian regime that they broke away from and that also means coming to an agreement with Syria's Russian allies. And before we let you go I want to ask our u.s. And Russian troops bumping into each other they crossing paths so how close are they well they're doing what they call de confliction which is making sure that everybody knows where everyone is supposedly so they don't actually cross paths but you know there's a bigger concern here this is the waning of American influence in Syria as well as other parts of the Middle East and the rising of Russian influence and we're seeing that on the ground remarkable and now seeing these Russian flags flying where they weren't just days before N.P.R.'s general reporting there from northeastern Syria thank you Jane thank you time now for All Tech Considered. Technology has made it easier for all of us. Each other today we look at one device that's become popular Amazon's a brain it's much more than just a doorbell camera as N.P.R.'s Martin coffee reports Amazon is marketing the ring as a safety centered form of social media this ring doorbell video is from just a couple of weeks ago it's a front porch in Richland Washington and it's well past midnight. So young and out there a stranger and he's talking to himself. Inside the house Sally all wind is frightened she watches him through the video stream and then talks to him through the app What do you want I mean there's here that. He sounds confused and then she tells him there's nobody in this house who knows him he seems to accept that and drives away hours later before the sun. I was up all wind decided to post a video of the incident it seemed like the right thing to do because I think I'm helping my neighborhood I mean I don't know he hasn't left here to go someplace else she posted it to ring social media site which is called Neighbors It's where people can share videos photos or just written reports of suspicious activity I felt as a part of the community you know that I should share it I've read other people and I do think it's a good to people the purpose of neighbors is really to connect communities around crime and safety issues so they can work to make their neighborhood safer that's Eric Kuhn the general manager of neighbors the app is free and open to anybody you can even use it to upload videos from competing brands of camera we felt like if you're going to allow communities to connect you should really allow anyone in the community to connect of course by making the app free and open neighbors also functions as a kind of rolling advertisement for ring says Matthew governor he's a policy analyst at the Electronic Frontier Foundation that's the brilliant marketing strategy of ring getting on the neighbors app because you're curious of what's happening in your neighborhood makes it all of a sudden seem like your neighborhood is under siege there are suspicious people everywhere behind every fence and you won't know that too until you get a camera bring videos tend to look kind of ominous in any undergrad film studies major can tell you why 1st there's that people point of view and then the low position of the doorbell camera which makes strangers seem to loom large greatly a says people should stop and ask themselves how they are affected by this kind of social media you see everything uploaded to the neighbors out through the lens of suspicion and criminal activity which filters through our most insidious biases but even if ring didn't have neighbors it would probably still exist in some form there are other neighborhood apps like next door and sometimes people even create the networks themselves that's what happened in the Netherlands where neighborhood watch groups share photos and videos. On whatsapp a nuke Mole's co-wrote a research paper on this phenomenon and she found that many people there like the thought of their neighbors keeping a digital eye out but at the same time sometimes even the same respondents were also very ambivalent about this because they said it makes me more anxious to be aware of all the things that are happening it simultaneously makes people feel safer as well as more anxious she says some Dutch police participate in the local Whatsapp groups while others prefer not to here in the us ring offers police departments a way to see videos that people in a certain area have chosen to post or to send out requests for videos that might be close to an incident they're investigating so far only a small percentage of department have signed up for this Michael Lundberg is chief of police in Edgewood near Tacoma this is just another tool in the toolbox for us in terms of making things a little easier in terms of legwork for certain crimes He also cautions people against spending too much time on the app watching videos in his words building a wall of concern there are also some reasons to think twice before posting videos back in Richland Washington Sally l.-y. Now regrets the video that she posted of that young man on her front porch because it turns out that later that same night he was killed in a confrontation with sheriff's deputies in the aftermath her video of him on the porch quickly spread to the larger Internet and she was dismayed by the unkind comments that attracted about that young man everybody just the stupid like nobody has any compassion for anybody all I want to do is give everybody a heads up that this person is out and about and I have with the progress that she's still glad that she has the camera but next time it captures a scene like that she says she will not be posting it Martin cost n.p.r. News. Support for All Tech Considered comes from c 3 dot a c 3 dot AI's software enables organizations to use artificial intelligence. Inside enterprise scale solving previously unsolvable business problems learn more at c 3. This is n.p.r. News. 2 months after being deported from the u.s. a Man died in Iraq duct themselves all they please take me back home please God I don't love them over here I'm scared and yet u.s. Immigration authorities continue to send back Iraqis who have not lived there for years or never lived there at all can they survive in a country they barely know on the next Morning Edition from n.p.r. News. Listen tomorrow morning on Valley public radio a current county library presents miles to go before I sleep and even of true stories on Saturday December 7th at 6 30 pm at the bill library and Bakersfield sign ups to share your story will start at 5 30 pm more information for those free storytellers showcase at Kern County Library dot org a family a night is proud to be a media sponsor of this community of it. It's All Things Considered from n.p.r. News I'm not the Chang and I'm Mary Louise Kelly coming up Netflix is spending $200000000.00 to produce programming out of Mexico a look at the streaming Giants international expansion strategy if you look at their growth this year about 90 percent of the new subscribers are going to come from international news. Live from n.p.r. News and Culver City California I'm to Wayne Brown a u.s. Appeals court in Washington d.c. Is refusing to allow the trumpet ministration to start executing federal death row inmates this month as N.P.R.'s Bobbie Allen tells us the orders a setback for Trump officials who had hoped to resume executions for the 1st time in 16 years a 3 judge panel of the federal appeals court is upholding a lower court ruling that blocks the executions in November a federal court ruled that the trumpet ministration cannot execute federal prisoners as Attorney General William Barr had planned the judge said that's because the inmates should be able to challenge the controversial lethal injection protocol there are $62.00 inmates on federal death row back in July Barr directed the Bureau of Prisons to start executing them 3 were scheduled for lethal injections this month Barr says carrying out the executions is a matter of fairness to the victims but the legal fight is ongoing Justice Department lawyers have said they will take the case to the u.s. Supreme Court Bobbie Allen n.p.r. News Washington Chicago's police superintendent was already set to retire but today he was fired by the city's mayor citing ethical lapses mayor Laurie Lightfoot says that included lies about a recent incident in which superintendent Eddie Johnson was found sleeping behind the wheel of his s.u.v. After having drinks the old Chicago Way must give way to the new reality ethical leadership integrity accountability and intimacy and yes honesty must be the hallmarks I think there must be no mistake about the message I am sending today they just missile comes after the mayor reviewed an inspector general's report of the mid October incident where Johnson initially blamed failure to take his blood pressure medication for falling asleep at the wheel former Los Angeles Police Chief Charlie Beck will take over the department on an interim basis stocks finished lower on Wall Street today the Nasdaq dropped 97 points this is n.p.r. When. Valley Public Radio News I'm Jason Scott ahead of p.g. And E.'s 1st major shut off in October the company refused to give counties information on medically vulnerable customers despite directions from the state utility commission to release the data Capital Public Radio Scott Rod reports utilities like p.g. And e. Offer discounts to customers who rely on medical equipment powered by electricity the programs have been adapted to help identify at risk residents during power shut off the database can be especially useful for counties one of the values of the medical baseline data in determining the best location for a p.g. And e. Community Resource Center Michael Romero is with Placer County Health and Human Services he says resource centers may be the only place where residents can recharge essential medical devices like oxygen tanks the customer information can also help counties develop evacuation plans but p.g. And e. Refused to give this data to most counties because they didn't have non-disclosure agreements in place with the utility that created quite a lot of confusion in the moment well as of a demolishing Co is with the California Public Utilities Commission it was already expected by these counties that they would receive this information and now they came to how to deal with the legal matter in front of the then release the information just a few hours before it turned the power off only after the commission issued a formal order Jeff Smith both be Johnny says the utility was being cautious about handing over sensitive customer information now once we did receive that clarification from the c.p. You see we did begin to release it Smith says p.g. And e. Has since provided the information to all counties that have requested it but several say they continue to experience difficulties accessing the database during subsequent shutoffs in Sacramento Scott Rod local funding for f m 89 provided by Miles Sears and Jani a law firm serving the community for over 60 years specializing in personal injury litigation Granville Holmes special move in ready home still available for the remaining inventory g.v. Homes dot com. Well support for f.m. 89 comes from paws dermatology with offices in Fresno and vice place to share their dermatologist Dr Betsy bellies as working with Dr paws in the vice office more information at paws derm dot com. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from dual lingo a language app whose mission is to make language learning fun and accessible to the world with lessons in more than 30 languages including French Spanish and Chinese available in the App Store or it dual lingo dot com and from t.i.a. Committed to the idea that while most things in life run out from clean shirts in the morning to a favorite dessert at night lifetime income in retirement shouldn't learn more it I am a dot org slash never run out. This is All Things Considered from n.p.r. News I'm Mary Louise Kelly and I'm Elsa Chang. Thousands of demonstrators have hit the streets in a city in southern India called Hyderabad protesters are demanding justice after the alleged rape and murder of a local veterinarian there the crime was particularly brutal and it has prompted a nationwide conversation about how to stop sexual violence against women in India with us now is N.P.R.'s Lauren Frayer who's following the story from Loren. So can you just tell us a little more about what happened to this woman yeah this woman called her family last Wednesday to say she'd gotten a flat tire on the side of the road but a truck driver was helping her and she'd be home soon and that's the last they heard from her police believe now that 4 men deflated her tires and posed as good Samaritans to trick her and then gang raped and murdered her her body was found in a wooded area the next day it's unclear whether she died before or after they doused her with fuel and set her on fire she was 27 years old police say 4 men have been arrested in that they've confessed there's some c.c.t.v. Footage that verifies some details to 3 police officers have been suspended from duty and that's because the victim's family says when they reported her missing police asked will do she have a boyfriend maybe she ran away to elope and they're alleged to have squandered valuable time there that could have been used to rescue her we heard the demonstrations in Hyderabad at the top of the segment but what are there ways that people are reacting in India to this what are politicians saying for example this came up on the floor of Parliament a prominent female lawmaker called for the suspects to be lynched in public the defense minister says this is quote brought shame on the entire country there have been candlelight vigils protests spreading across the country women marching with placards saying tomorrow is too late in Hyderabad where the attack took place police have issued a safety advisory urging solo female travelers to. Location sharing apps on your phone the chief minister in the state where Hyderabad is says that these suspects will be fast tracked to trial trials in India sometimes are delayed for years and he promises this will not happen here I mean this isn't the 1st time this country has had a national conversation about sexual violence against women I remember just a few years ago a woman was gang raped on a bus it led to a national uproar do you think the conversation about violence against women has noticeably changed in India so there was that 2012 gang rape on a Delhi bus and that led to the government doubling prison time for rapists but it's still complicated last year an international survey ranked India the most dangerous place in the world to be a woman because of sexual violence you know attacks like this one in Hyderabad or that 2012 gang rape this is everybody's worst nightmare a stranger attacking a woman in the night but this is not typical of India most sexual assault here is thought to happen within families people here tend to live among extended relatives I called up on a Sharma She's the author of a new book about sexual violence in India and I asked her who is most likely to become a victim here and without doubt it is for women women of the lowest costs have been fought out areas in conflict zones in Kashmir you know many women the violence is within their homes and within their neighborhoods and yet people's understanding of violence against women gets distorted she knows that the cases that get the most outrage the most protests the most media coverage are when victims are urban professionals attacked by strangers in this incredibly brutal way as in this case and those details serve to terrorize people but the hope is that this case just like the 2012 case prompts actions against sexual violence in India and understanding of who its victims are. N.P.R.'s Lauren Frayer in Mumbai thank you so much Lauren you're welcome. It's getting more expensive for some immigrants to become u.s. Citizens the trumpet ministration has proposed a number of ways to collect more money through citizenship application fees the 1st takes effect today immigrant advocates see this as part of a broad effort to reject poor applicants Channon duelling of member station you are reports. Magali Adrian sifts through a crinkled business envelope stuffed with her family's passports and green cards across the table or which a volunteer attorney reviews her citizenship application if you really are one Cuban 16 in the you know the senator that. There are 50 or so aspiring u.s. Citizens clutching fistfuls of documents and filling out paperwork in the conference room of a downtown Boston law firm Adrian was born in Haiti and has lived in the us for almost 20 years she's decided now is the time to become a citizen you know Susan you're not full time. Going on citizen I'm going to vote yes on becoming a citizen isn't easy there are numerous eligibility requirements heaps of paperwork and an application fee do you know how much it cost to apply for yourself for citizenship a little bit. North of $700.00. So 100 Yeah. Some people God save some people would Adrian for one does not when we met her last week she planned to apply for a waiver for the $725.00 application fee the hardest thing is the payment That's Melanie She's the program director for Boston based project citizenship which is sponsoring this workshop the federal government has waived fees for people who can prove they receive federal in-state benefits like food stamps or Medicaid but as of today that's not going to be enough u.s. Citizenship and Immigration Services will not require something called a tax transcripts from the i.r.s. Torres says obtaining this document will be nearly impossible for many of her clients most of our clients are transients a lot of them are elderly and don't file taxes or same to us dependents and other people's taxes so it's really really hard to prove their income projects citizenship recently filed a federal lawsuit in Boston alleging the new rule amounts to a wealth test for citizens. And that will prevent thousands of low income legal permanent residents from becoming citizens about 40 percent of citizenship applicants get a fee waiver a spokesperson for Citizenship and Immigration Services said in an e-mail that the agency relies on fees to cover the costs of its operations fee waivers add up to hundreds of millions of dollars a year but Torres says the trumpet ministration is motivated by more than fiscal concerns we know that this is strategic right we know that the election is coming up we know that everyone is more interested right now in 2020 we're going to see a huge surge in interest and we know that this is because they don't want low income immigrants to vote against the trumpet administration denies that their rule change is discriminatory though officials do say immigrants should be financially self-sufficient they are also proposing hiking the cost of naturalization from the current 700 $25.00 fee to $1170.00 and eliminating fee waivers altogether for n.p.r. News I'm Shannon dealing in Boston. At n.p.r. On the air 24 seventh's to keep you informed with our hourly newscasts and there is also another way to set yourself up quickly for what you need to know as you start your day check out N.P.R.'s Daily News contrast Up 1st we bring you the 3 biggest stories every morning all in about 10 minutes you can find out 1st where ever you get your congress and subscribe today. You're listening to All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. In South Carolina magistrate judges handle thousands of lower level criminal and civil cases every year and they don't need law degrees to do it South Carolina let's just about anyone sit as a judge getting that seat is often a matter of trading favors with state legislators the posting couriers Joey Craney worked with Pro Publica to dig into the system and he joins me now welcome thank you so much so I understand that not all states have magistrate judge is what do the magistrate judges in South Carolina do specifically they handle the bulk of the state's criminal and civil cases everything from traffic tickets to to civil cases including evictions and they're basically just in charge of clearing dockets so that other judges in the state have the time to handle more serious matters like felony cases and major civil cases Ok so I want to get into some of your reporting here you found that nearly 75 percent of South Carolina's magistrate judges do not have law degrees How do you qualify to become a magistrate judge in South Carolina then they preside with very little of the traditional qualifications of a judge they don't have to be lawyers a requirement passed by the state in 2005 mandated that they have a 4 year degree other than that they have to pass a basically a basic competency exam is it a legal test it sure is not it's a commonsense test actually took the test there are 2 tests one of them was Tallman an online test it was multiple choice and the test included questions such as what is the smallest number and what is the earliest date what is the rationale for not requiring a law degree to become a magistrate judge in South Carolina South Carolina as many rural small counties where there are very few lawyers so to preside in a county the magistrate has to actually live in that county so we have a county here with a population of about 1000 people there are 2 magistrate seats. In that county and the county only has 3 lawyers so the idea is you you need to have a large enough pool of people you can draw from to fill the seats Ok but you found that a number of these magistrate judges caught the law really really wrong in important ways can you just give us a few examples we found that dozens of magistrates over the past couple of decades have either misapplied the law or committed other serious abuses there's a judge in Lexington County who's accused in a pending federal lawsuit that she's been systematically rejecting people's constitutional protections and shuttling them through what's been effectively like an assembly line of guilty pleas another more serious case was a barber and a barbecue shop owner but a state senator who appointed him was a long time friend and insisted he could learn on the job the judge helped spring a relative out of jail and the man was locked up on assault charges and 5 days after he got out of jail the man murdered his wife this is really unbelievable Are you getting the sense that there is real urgency in South Carolina to address these problems to actually change the system I mean what are you hearing from people. It seems like there may be you know we've had dozens of magistrates who have been disciplined there's a very significant federal lawsuit pending in federal court in South Carolina we think the law makers when they take the session in a couple of months this might be one of the things that they're eyeing it will be inching to see if they add any requirements for more educational or legal training before magisters take the bench or if they adopt any process is to allow for more scrutiny of magistrates so that some of these prior offenses might come to light that is Joey Craney of the Post and Courier from Charleston thank you very much for joining us today thank you so much. You're listening to All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. Local funded for f.e.m.a. 9 provided by. Special move in ready home still available few remaining inventory g.v. Homes dot com Valley children's treating congenital heart defects from prenatal diagnosis to newborn care and through adulthood. So there's Black Friday there's cyber Monday . Giving Tuesday this is David Greene and deals are great but wrapping paper goes in the bin stuffed breaks and toys get boring and then forgotten a given Tuesday donation to this n.p.r. Station makes a big difference today and. Here's how to give a gift that will be appreciated day after day. Org or. Inviting you to join me for classics like. Public radio every evening we feature gems from the classical repertoire from. Beethoven to Bernstein and to monitor. His music that's perfect for your late night and early morning hours and it's here every night. Please join me for classics all night this evening it. Was support for f.m. $89.00 comes from Emporium presents Tommy Emmanuel at the Tower Theater in Fresno on December 8th Emmanuel is known for his complex fingerstyle guitar playing and will be joined by guest Jim and morning Nichols tickets and info available at our theater Fresno dot com and the theater box office. From n.p.r. News this is All Things Considered I'm also Chang and I'm Mary Louise Kelly Netflix is a global behemoth that produces a ton of programming for the u.s. It's also rolling out shows in Europe Asia and Latin America in fact Mexico is a big market for the streaming giant N.P.R.'s Carrie Kahn reports from Mexico City on how Netflix has up ended the t.v. Industry there. This year has been a big one for Netflix in Mexico. The streaming giant has pumped out a steady flow of documentaries reality shows and scripted series and it's not Mexican T.V.'s usual fare of tacos and. House of flowers back this year for as. The return of the dysfunctional family premiered last month Netflix says more than $6000000.00 households worldwide tuned in the show breaks from the old fashioned tele novella or soap opera mold that still dominates Mexican t.v. Season one screenwriter Monique cover vs says Netflix gave the show creators the freedom to break stereotypes. With what we felt was how we wanted to see our society reflected on t.v. That we hadn't seen before and they definitely achieved that there's a gay straight love triangle a prominent transgender character and story lines that include classism and racism Riviera had a long refused to work on telling novellas limiting our opportunities until Netflix came knocking the house of flowers I have been receiving offers all the time it's just like it's a matter of choosing it's really great Netflix has given Mexico's entire t.v. And film industry a boost. Who heads international regional that Netflix says she's trying to do more than just export Hollywood productions with non english subtitles what we want to do is really give a platform and an environment for these resources in these countries to be able to tell the story authentic way I mean really having people on the ground in those countries who come from there to be able to do this Netflix says it will spend up to 200000000 dollars next year on original Mexican production. On a recent evening there downtown Mexico City the director on the upcoming Netflix coproduction dance of the 41 starts the camera. The. Long narrow room has been transformed into a rock the all male dinner party illuminated by dozens of candles The film focuses on a police raid of a gay party during Mexico's pre-revolutionary era Netflix push into Mexico isn't just bold creativity it's essential to its business strategy says Jeff Mulder check c.e.o. And senior analyst at pivotal research group if you look at their growth this year about percent of their new subscribers are going to come from international He says Netflix has an advantage now in Mexico but competition is coming soon with Disney plus an h.b.o. Max had it for Latin America if you want this environment you're probably going to have to spend the most on content and have the most robust offer like this new show Netflix just premiered a light footed woman it's a documentary about an indigenous ultra marathon runner something not frequently seen on broadcast Mexico. The 28 minute story is beautiful. Mexican state with much of the dialogue and language Marcelo Laya says competition is good for t.v. In Mexico but she's worried about the explosion of content as was a writer for the Mexican production powerhouse for more than 2 decades. She says with the rush to produce you're going to have a lot of bad shows mixed in with some good ones she's not a fan of the 2nd season of House of flowers the show lost its lead star veteran Mexican actress Veronica Castro and switched out its lead writer Netflix says viewership is still high for the show and fans love returning actresses. Her. Popping character sporting an unmistakable accent is on full display in the opening scene from Season 2. He. Has Mexican and other international audiences are benefiting from the explosion in streaming content where and in a very particular moment and that we as audience are ready for that and for more Finally you can turn on your t.v. And see more than just tacos and not Carrie Kahn n.p.r. News Mexico City. And now a sound we hear a lot during the winter. That for my co-host also you who is covering her mouth you will be happy to know that it is the season of course for sore throats and sniffles Which brings us to this next story a Medical Museum in Philadelphia is seizing the moment it has opened an exhibition on the history of infection N.P.R.'s night who swung by in an elegant little gallery at the motor museum you can learn how people believed a long time ago that illness was caused by supernatural forces there was a possibility that the gods could be angry with you and causing your own that's best Lander head librarian who curator of this exhibit called Going viral infection through the ages when people walk into the exhibit they'll be able to explore 3 different theories of infection that have guided human interaction with disease in their own bodies for 2000 years interacted displays taking you back to when we thought bodies were regulated by humor like blood snot and bile and to the Black Death the plague the snuffed out millions of lives almost 7 centuries ago we're putting the visitor in the position of somebody who goes to a terror and has a good night with their friends and when they leave they don't feel well when they wake up the next morning there's a giant black blister underneath their armpit. The head of the motor museum he just walked in. The museum has a related exhibit about the Spanish flu epidemic in 180919 which still most people don't know. The world than World War One and World War 2. This expedition. With its times of. Not appreciated. There were 70000 excess deaths in the United States due to flu it ain't something trivial something that happens to the guy next door and. People leave this exhibit on the history of infection determined to wash their hands and cover their mouth. And do not visit the museum when you're sick they say that would make this exhibit a little too interactive. All things considered is a production of n.p.r. News which is solely responsible. With a friend. There you could also hear stories you missed. Member station wherever you are. For your mobile device you can also mean back and enjoy n.p.r. . This is n.p.r. . You've been listening to All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from Focus Features and participant with dark waters a thriller starring Mark Ruffalo and Anne Hathaway mysterious deaths in a small town lead one man to risk his life for the truth now in select theaters everywhere Friday from out last eon whether it's keeping thousands of people on the same page or managing projects from start to finish at last and works to unleash the potential of all types of teams with collaboration software more it outlasts in dot com and from Sierra Nevada Brewing Company family owned operated and argued over since 1980 proud supporter of independent thought whether that's online over the air or in a bottle more at Sierra Nevada dot com. This is Valley Public Radio n.p.r. For central California your home for news and classical music k.b. P.r. Fresno and k p r x papers field and you can listen to us on k v p r dot org and the k.v. P.r. App for your smartphones and tablets support for this f m $89.00 weather report comes from a law firm of Mirandola Rondo providing legal guidance during difficult marital transitions for nearly 3 decades and formation available at Fresno Family Law dot com. For a Monday evening will experience mostly cloudy skies here on the valley floor and low temperatures will still be a little bit cold but not quite as chilly averaging in the mid forty's tonight as for the mountain areas expect skies lingering through tomorrow with scattered chances of showers and snow elevations remaining above 7000 feet low temperatures in the mountain areas tonight should average in the mid thirty's to low forty's and then looks like a reporter from the wet weather will be short lived as more rain in mountain areas snow could fall on us by Tuesday afternoon the time is now 6 o'clock. Rather cynical the headline of our interview is I don't trust anyone at all the president of Ukraine sits down for an hour of interviews about the impeachment inquiry with 4 publications today is Monday December 2nd and this is All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. Kelley next year's census will be the 1st conducted mostly online and there's an effort to install wife communities of color won't be deemed hard to count I believe that people and Karen Lee aren't hard.