The volcano has erupted and created new land over the last century. And as the nations biggest volcano, elane corausse took a bumpy road for a look ahead. Good evening and welcome to a second look. Im julie haener. Tonight a look at hawaiis powerful volcanos. Hawaiis most active volcano kilowea is spewing massive amounts of lava advancing 13 miles and threatening some 15 homes on the big island of hawaii. Officials say the flow which started in late june has recently slowed to only inches a day. But they admit volcanos are unpredictable and say theres no indication when this flow might stop. And its nervewracking for those who live near by. Never you know in my wildest dream when i was a kid growing up did i ever think that i would be in would be evacuating from lava. Reporter the lava has advanced 13 miles. Now its just yards away from the main road. Residents are packing up while they can. I think its pretty scary. The anxiety is building up and its like a slow torture. Reporter the lava threatens homes and businesses. Police shut down the local substation. Officials brought in the National Guard to assist but retailers say theyll stay open until evacuation orders become mandatory. Theres a lot of curiosity about whats going on. A lot of people think have just been coming to see the lava. They cant see the lava. But they stop in. Reporter away from the city center, residents can smell the burning grass, feel the heat and hear the popping. Some have left for good and others admit it wont be the same again. Its pretty sad. We dont know whats going to happen from now on. Reporter geologists admit the volcano is 600,000 years old. In 1990 the volcano swallowed a whole town. In 1991, ktvu reporter Randy Shandobil visited kilowea to see what the lava has destroyed. Reporter one of the longest continuous eruptions any where in recorded history. At first, psychedelic fountains spilled into rivers, speck spectacular to look at and harmless. Few homes or people in the way. But the volume of lava has been so immense, enough to fill a line of cement trucks from San Francisco to the oregon border every day that by 1986 the kilowea turned destructive. Two of the islands major highways consumed, gone. Oasis like rain forest carpeted over with ooze, home after home consumed and then swallowed. 150 homes in all including the Park Visitor Center. This is what the Park Visitor Center looks like now. The current activity has covered tens of thousands of archaeological sites. Fortunately there are many more tens of thousands that remain to be seen. But we have lost a great portion of hawaiian history. Reporter history including petroglifs like these. Some are still left but others are buried along with the village some where 75 feet below. Hydrochloric acid steam is firing up. Instantly cooled by ocean water. You are watching the kilowea volcano creating new land as it destroys old land. These are pictures of what was the world famous Black Sand Beach on the big island of hawaii. The beach doesnt exist anymore. Its now buried under 75 feet of harden lava. Just eight months ago this house was at the edge of that beach look at it now. More than 1 3 of a mile from the new lava shoreline. When you have a lava flow it changes completely. You can go stand out there and say, now, where was it . I mean where was my house . You cant tell. Reporter long lava tubes that form right underneath cooled lava flow are carrying molten rock all the way to the ocean. It gets here by a tube about 7 miles long. Comes right on down the slope and its insulated. Thats the only way it can remain liquid. 200,000degrees. So its covered until it gets to the ocean. Right it formed its own tube. Until it gets to the ocean. Reporter flying up slope over hardened lava you can sense the 12foot diameter tubes underneath. Steam escapes through cracks in the sheets of black rock. And there are skylights where the lava crusts super heats and collapses into the tubes. They are like peepholes in the hill. A red hot blur, an underground river of 2,000degree river rock. Almost immediately after the eruptive phase ends the lava drains from these flow tubes and leaves a hollow shell. Imagine this whole thing filled with hot lava rushing down toward the ocean. The lava explodes in the black sand or cools and hardens into cool rock plateaus. This is without a question the most dramatic park in the entire system. Its alive and growing and were growing as we speak. Reporter still to come on a second look, a look at the creation of new island under water near the big island. And a helicopter pilots memorable first day on the job above kilowea. Dy come and get it get it, get it when youre ready, come and get it na na na na na na na na na na na when youre ready, come and get it na na na na. Female announcer its a great big world and it can all be yours. Here and only here. Come and get it. Welcome back to a second look. Hawaiis youngest volcano is an island in its infancy. Its larger than mount helens once since it erupted in 1987. Randy shandobil reported. Reporter as weve been seeing kilauea has been erupting. And something weve seen thats more amazing, a new island is being born. The new island of louigi. Were going to be 10,100,000 years since it reaches the surface. It will start as a new island and if it starts growing it will join the islands of hawaii. Reporter it seems to prove the hot theory. The infamous pacific ring of fire. But the Hawaii Island all of them volcanos are in the middle of the pacific plate, why . The Hawaiian Islands are situated over what we think is a stationary hot spot in the mantle beneath us here in the middle of the pacific ocean. Since the pacific plate is drifting very slowly to the northeast. Each volcano in turn is rafted away from the hot spot so it loses its source of magma and the volcanos become extinct. Reporter hawaii is kauai is the oldest island. Hawaii and ilugis the newest. Reporter Volcano National park is one of the only spots in the world where you can safely watch a volcano. Eruptions here are relatively gentle compared to those that explosive mount st. Helens in washington and mount pealtubo in the philippines. The difference is the magma under ground. In hawaii its fluids. Along the ring of fire is magma is thick. The pressure building up and released very suddenly and theres an explosion. Reporter everything that is beautiful about hawaii comes from the eruptions. The mountain, the beaches, the waterfalls and the unique rich soil that nurtures rain forest, sugar cane and pineapple. Where else but here can you witness both the birth and death of our land . Absorbing the lava fields gives geologists a rich body of information about the inner workings of volcanos. In 1995 those observations also give scientists and sometimes journalist a very close look at the edge of the world. Reporter from the air its a sight to be hold and from the ground its a sight few will ever see. As volunteers with the Us Geological service we were taken to where no other cameras had been taken before. But before we got there, ample warning. Something thats pretty risky as general. If you hear any loud noises, if any rock falls or the ground starts to move, just run and beat it as quickly as possible downhill. Reporter not knowing how far it will slip every time you take a step. You have to think about how it was developed, ive gone up to my hips in this area. Reporter thornburg and the other geologists, monitor the magma. Measurement of the pool and cracks. I stay within the limits that the National Park establishes. You listen to the park rangers, theyre very knowledgeable here. And you can see visitors standing precuriously close to steep cliffs and jumping over what the film makers called a yawning gulf. Another yawning gulf happened years later. Some 150 earthquakes rattled the area and the crater floor collapsed 280 feet in just four hours. A witness to the spectacle a helicopter pilot on his first flight over the hawaiian volcano. Seeing that eruption i knew it was Something Special i had never seen anything like it. I just happened to be at the right place at the right time and got some pretty neat photos. Reporter in the four days of the eruption some 31 2 million cubic feet of lava poured from the volcano. 8,500tons of toxic sulfur dioxide was released into the air. Ktvus elane coral is over an eruptioning kinaloa. And flying in style. Welcome back to a second look. Hawaiis kilauea volcano is considered the biggest. A photographer who was over the volcano called it a spectacular spectacle. Reporter when manilauea erupted it was front page news. It was frightening to the residents of hilo hawaii, no one knew if the lava was going to swallow the city. They came by the hundreds to watch the eruptions. The volcanic eruptions meant big business for the owners of small planes. It also meant life and death to others. 14 marines were reported missings to try to see the angry fire works from the air. According to reports, aviation official told them not to fly over the volcano that day because of very Poor Visibility and cloud cover. The marines were lucky though and finally made it safely back to base. Pilots who flew over the volcano said they didnt care how much tourists wanted to pay for a ride up here if the weather was bad they closed up shop. This is not too bad now because we can circumnavigate the weather if this, you know if it spreads up more and gets up the hill then we cant get over it and we will shut down because of weather. If this stays like this, we can probably climbed. They used bombers to try to divert the lava flow. Because of maam pele they say the aircraft were lost in the war. Reporter volcano pilots like to take you sightseeing while youre up here. But it was hard to concentrate on anything anybody said because of the turbulence. Passengers got more than they paid for, a stomach turning roller coaster ride. The heat doesnt cause damage to the plane but the cinders from the volcano can and do. They can nick the windshield and cause the cabin to depressurize. Every time we go over the heat breaks the bows. Thats what causes the ter pew lens. Thats the heat causing turbulence. How many more of those are coming . Thats it. Were leaving the area now. Thats inside the kilauea. The eruption becomes a breaking news story. This is how the audience saw me when the story broke that night. What the audience didnt see was this. These shots were taken after 1 1 2 hours of nauseating bumps and drops. Keep this in perspective not everyone looked like this after a ride over the erupting volcano. Some people got sick on the air but once in the tkpwroupd once on the ground they said they felt fine. The trip they said was worth 1,000 upset stomachs. Well take you back when traveling to hawaii was both leisurly and luxiourios. Oh chris, did you remember to pay the dog sitter . Oh, i knew i forgot something. Ill just do it now. Well, were boarding. No, ill use citi mobile. It takes two seconds, better safe than sorry, right . Yeah, who knows if well even get service on the island . What no service . Seriously . You guys might actually have to talk. To each other . We do it all the time. I like it. Should we . No. Bank from almost anywhere with the citi mobile app. To learn more, visit citi. Com easierbanking a broader mix of energies, world needs which is why we are supplying natural gas, to generate cleaner electricity, that has around 50 fewer co2 emissions than coal. And why with our partner in brazil, we are producing a biofuel made from renewable sugarcane to fuel cars. Lets broaden the Worlds Energy mix, lets go. Though its an ocean away, hawaii has been part of the United States since 1898 when it was annexed as a territory. And it wasnt long after that that the first attempts began to sell the islands as a tourist destination. Ktvus reporter craig heaps looks at the long time of travel to hawaii and its tie to california. Reporter hawaii was an ill luring destination. For most people back then thats about as far as it went. If you were rich you could afford the five day cruise across the pacific other wise for the vast majority it might as well have been the moon. Even though as early as 1915, hawaii was pitching its tourist business. At San Franciscos Panama Pacific International exposition, drummers drummed and hula dancers huled and at no time at all hawaiian music became the best selling in the vetrola. There was a lot to see. Not just pineapple fields and sugar cane, beaches and bathing beauties but a Thriving Society in some ways as familiar as it was exotic. But even so it was still a far off land. In fact, the first airplane did not fly across the pacific to hawaii until 1927. When Army LieutenantLester Maitland winged their way from oakland. James dole offered a 25,000 prize to the winner of an oakland to hawaii air race. It was a disaster. Three pilots died in crashes. Three more vanished and only two of the contestants finished the race. Still, the dream was to establish commercial air routes to the island. Less than a decade later in 1935 pan am flew the First Airline flight from San Francisco to honolulu. Then on to manila midway, wake and guam. Planes such as the china clipper, the california clipper and the hawaii clipper would offer regular service to those with the money and the courage to make the luxurious transalantic flight. Mechanics could work on the engines in flight. And for those in a hurry, 20 hours in a plane beat five days on a ship. The early Airline Travel across the pacific was not without disaster or controversy. In 1938 the hawaii clipper disappeared in a flight from guam to manila. Some believe it was the first sky jacking. San franciscos maps and Navigation Company began carrying tourists to hawaii in the late 1800s. By 1940 with the world just beginning to come out of the depression, and even with the Japanese Aggression in the pacific, matson was pushing hawaiian tourism hard. What a thrill. Voices sing island melodies. Reporter after the attack on pearl harbor, tourist travel ground to halt as the american little tear comendered ships and planes. Hundreds of thousands of men passed through the islands on the way to and from the pacific theater. And when the war ended and they got home they told tales of a beautiful land across the sea. More than a few would return there with wives and children and in time with grandchildren. By 1948 with a newly refurbished lane, matson began its tourist cruises to hawaii once again. And in the postwar boom of the early 50s, offered a magical, if some what sacron view of the voyage. Over the next five decades the tourist ships would fade into the saturday into the shadows of the airplane. And an age of luxor was lost. Thats it for this weeks second look. Im julie haener, thank you for watching. First things first, serbia is not siberia. This central balkan country is surrounded by more welltraveled spots like hungary, romania and new travel darling croatia. Its one that maybe should be definitely on more peoples list to go to. No, its not on the travelers trail, maybe because its endured corrupt criminal leaders and brutal regional wars culminating with nato bombings as recently as 1999. We had to hide in the basement. But serbians seem uninterested in dwelling in the painful past, choosing instead to focus on its future and its many mostly undiscovered attributes. We have the bestproclaimed public river beach in europe