Israeli politician Benny Gantz have failed to form governments this could push Israel closer to an unprecedented 3rd election in less than a year dozens of protesters medics and volunteers remain trapped inside a Hong Kong University in a prolonged standoff with police and P.R.'s Emily thing as more police have sealed off all entrances to Hong Kong Polytechnic University several protesters jumped off a bridge to escape earlier this week others tried and failed to wade out of the sewer system the standoff began after an estimated $1000.00 protesters flocked to the university in an effort to shut down a major tunnel nearby as part of anti-government protests now in their 6 month N.P.R.'s Emily Fanning reporting on Wall Street the Dow is down 77 points at 27743 the Nasdaq is down 23 points this is n.p.r. . This is j p r News I'm Dave Young all rural josephine county town plans to make up for the lack of police officers by installing security cameras that will be monitored by volunteers j p r s April Erlick reports if you call 911 in the middle of the night in Cave Junction there's a good chance you'll have to wait at least 45 minutes before a state trooper shows up otherwise the city of 2000 is monitored by a group of volunteers called c.j. Patrol city recorder Rebecca Patton says the city plans to install security cameras and public spaces so volunteers can better monitor criminals which she says they classify simply by looks they can identify by the way that they dress because they have a certain apparel that they wear all the time they way that they walk that sometimes they carry certain things with them all the time like it could be something as simple as a board but they have learned to identify these people very very quickly and then they know how to respond c.j. Patrol volunteers aren't formally trained and don't go through background checks still Patton says she might do quote some sort of background check before giving volunteers access to public security cameras April Erlick j p r news the Trump administration plans to weaken rules around the use of the 2nd most commonly used weed killer in the country Capital Public Radio's as read David Romero reports at Racine is used on everything from corn to Christmas trees more than 21000 pounds of actors seen was applied on crops across California in 2017 that's the most recent data California requires products containing actors seemed to have a warning label and use in the state has decreased over the last decade in people the pesticide is linked to birth defects and cancer it can also cause developmental problems for emf it says senior scientists Nathan Donnelly of the Center for Biological Diversity levels of Hatter's in their legally allowed. In our drinking water can cause male tadpoles to develop into female frogs the Obama administration had planned to lower the threshold by 3 times now the trumpet ministration wants to increase it by 50 percent of the amount allowed in waterways in Sacramento a measure David Remeron an Oregon journey yesterday awarded 13 counties over $1000000000.00 after finding the state has failed to maximize revenue from logging state forests the county's claim to the state was not maximizing revenue from temper harvests on state forests more news online and i j P.R.'s or or r g This is a p.r. Support for n.p.r. Comes from n.p.r. Stations other contributors include Subaru with their Subaru share the love events and now through January 2nd details on the not for profit organizations that it supports are at Subaru dot com slash share love it's what makes Subaru Subaru support for j p r comes from our listeners and from lolo cat publishing look at phonics books are for children just learning to read or those needing basic practice with school in session now is a good time to create lifelong memories by reading together with children and grandchildren written and illustrated by local teacher and all have a look at books are available now at Tree House books in Ashland and online at low dash cat dot com. You're listening to southern Oregon University's Jefferson Public Radio Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm Rachel Martin in Washington d.c. And I'm David Greene in Culver City California this is the 5th day of hearings in the House impeachment inquiry into day we're hearing from Fiona Hill a Russian policy expert who worked for President Trump on his National Security Council and also David Holmes he works for the u.s. Embassy in Kiev and overheard a July 26th phone call between President Trump and ambassador to the e.u. Gordon Sunland White House correspondent Franco Donya is here to help us understand what's happening in that hearing room Hi Franco Hi I want to start by listening to a little bit of what David Holmes was saying in his testimony this morning he was describing this phone conversation he overheard between Trump and someone here it is I heard a baster song and greet the president and explained he was calling from Kieve I heard President Trump and clarify that Ambassador song was in Ukraine Vasser Stalin replied Yes he was in Ukraine and went on to state that President Selenski quote loves your ass I then heard President Trump ask so he's going to do the investigation. Vasser song replied that he's going to do it adding that President Selenski will do anything you ask him to do Ok a lot there including an expletive Frank a what is the significance of this call well it's significant because it speaks more directly to the question of whether the president of the United States had knowledge of what the senior officials were alleged to be doing up until now the White House the president has talked about this mostly being of hearsay a presumption that no one had direct knowledge Holmes is very clearly he says without any doubt in his mind that he was hearing the president's voice himself and also note that Gordon's son when the ambassador to the European Union who was have allegedly having the call with the president didn't dispute Holmes's recollection has the White House said anything yet about this call the White House has they are raising questions about whether Holmes could actually have heard this President Trump tweeted about this just earlier today he tweeted that he's been watching people make phone calls his entire life and he kind of kids that is hearing well he says his hearing is great and he has not not when it's not on speakerphone it's been very it's very difficult to hear a conversation he says he's even tried to no avail and he says try it I will say though that President Trump did not dismiss the content he did not say this didn't happen or it's untrue. And just briefly Amy We're also hearing from Fiona Hill the n.s.c. Expert who left the White House what are what are we hearing so far from her she would not give her opinion on the call that Holmes overheard she did give brief remarks at the opening of the hearing which stood out was how she reprimanded some lock lawmakers who she said gave credence to this debate theory that Ukraine was interfering in the 2016 election she called it a fictional narrative that Russia has spread and she warned that fees are quote politically driven false hoods that are advancing Russian interests n.p.r. White House correspondent Frank Odone Yes Thanks so much Frank we appreciate it thank you Ok so that's a testimony today yesterday we heard from a star witness in this inquiry Gordon Sunderland as we just heard he's the ambassador to the European Union he testified that if the Ukrainian leader wanted a meeting in the Oval Office he had to announce investigations into Democrats according to someone Ukraine's leader had to announce an investigation into this debunked theory about the 2016 election as well in as into borís made this Ukrainian company that had the son of former Vice President Joe Biden on its board both Democrats and Republicans are characterizing some testimony as a win for their side of the inquiry and earlier this morning my co-host Rachel Martin spoke about this with special assistant to President Trump Stephen Groves Laura Cooper Defense Department official testified that the Ukrainian sense that something was amiss with the military aid on July 25th this is the day of the phone call between President Trump and President Zelinsky Can you explain why that aid was withheld. Well I think we have yet to get to that part of this inquiry I think there are some witnesses coming up that know more about the funds the hold on the funds and the release of the funds from the Office of Management and Budget that's all n.b.a. That's inside the White House so you're saying the president did not direct the aide to be delayed all the years obviously 00 evidence that that's ever happened we'll wait to hear from the people who actually had control over those funds to see what they were instructed or not instructed to do but thus far in all of the hearings that we've heard in the deposition transcripts that have been released there is not innocent still about it and that any aid was withheld in return for any investigation or announcement of an investigation from anyone the president came out yesterday and defended himself against Gordon Solomon's allegations mainly by relaying details of a phone call that the 2 of them had on September 9th in which the president told someone quote I want nothing I want nothing I want no quid pro quo tells the Lenski to do the right thing and quote do you think that's the president's best defense considering this is on the same day that the House investigation started into the whistleblower complaint Well it's just going to be one thing that everyone's going to have to consider it's not about qualifying what is the best of his many defenses what you have to look at is what evidence has been presented before this this so-called impeachment inquiry and what we have so far conjecture and presumptions a quid pro quo in specific language he directed Gordon Solomon and others to work with Rudy Giuliani his personal lawyer and multiple witnesses have testified that Giuliani was explicit that the Ukrainian leader wouldn't get what he wanted and till he announced investigations into Joe Biden and the 2016 election I want to play a bit of tape here let's listen Secretary Perry ambassador Volcker and I worked with Mr Rudy Giuliani on Ukraine matters at the express direction of the president of the United States we did not want to work with Mr Giuliani simply put we were playing the hand we were dealt we all understood that if we refused to work with Mr Giuliani we would lose a very important opportunity to cement relations between the United States in Ukraine. So we followed the president's orders that was Ambassador someone testifying yesterday before the House Intelligence Committee so my question to you was Rudy Giuliani going rogue or was he carrying out the president's explicit directions Well that would call for an opinion on on my part I know that there's been no evidence presented at this so-called impeachment inquiry of anyone going rogue What was clear after Mr Saddam was actually given questions about these broad and unequivocal statements he made during his opening statement that even Rudy Giuliani never directed him to take any actions that would be that would condition u.s. Aid to Ukraine on a White House meeting or on anything else so it's one thing to play the opening statement of Mr Saddam one but when Republicans questioned him very closely about his allegations they fell apart right in real time in real time you had statements from the secretary of energy the vice president of the United States real time saying I don't know what is Gordon's islands talking about but never really daily on this it's all as to someone testified as did others that Rudy Giuliani was very clear cut about what President Trump wanted an investigation into prison and an investigation into the 26000 election and he insisted on that before any White House meeting no no that's not true he didn't hear that from Giuliani someone made it crystal clear and you need to be very careful Rachel this is evidence before the committee under oath someone said I did not hear that from Giuliani I did not hear that from the president that was my presumption and in this country you don't you don't give someone a traffic ticket based on a presumption much less overturn a democratic election it was his for example which I'm sorry to interrupt you it was his presumption about military aid he said stuff I later came to understand which is indeed a presumption but he was he was very clear about the understanding that the White House meeting was contingent that's what he. The quid pro quo then but then who did he hear that from Saw him and has testified that Rudy Giuliani was very clear that the president of the United States was insisting on investigations that was a critical priority for him and that he was not going to engage with President Selenski until those investigations had been announced that I'm not aware that that's the money Rachel I know that the president spoke. About investigations I know that. Investigations were were part of discussion but I have yet to see any evidence that there was any point linkage or any quid pro quo about those investigations is Rudy Giuliani still employed as president Trump's attorney I don't have a status quo what about Ambassador Salman Does he still enjoy the full support and confidence of the president as far as I know he remains the u.s. Ambassador to the European Union Stephen Groves a special assistant to President Trump we appreciate your time thanks for having me on Rachel I want to circle back to n.p.r. White House correspondent Franco or Donya as I mean we heard a discrepancy there Franco Stephen Groves insisting that Gordon song Land was making a presumption not only about the u.s. Military aid but also about a White House meeting being contingent upon announcing investigations that the president wanted Can you clarify that discrepancy for us what I can say is that certainly there was testimony that Gordon Sunland said it was very clear that Rudy Giuliani made it clear that it was President Trump's desire to have these investigations and that someone said that Giuliani told them that in an investigation was the condition for which they needed to have the White House meeting or n.p.r. White House correspondent Franco or Don Yes thank you. This is n.p.r. News this is Jefferson Public Radio in a bun the stories we are following for you this hour the majority of energy workers in Oregon now work in clean energy that story coming up in our 630 news then the National Book Awards are the Oscars of the publishing world more than 1700 books began with a chance of winning but after Wednesday night's ceremony in Manhattan 5 emerged with a trophy you'll hear about that in the next 30 minutes right here on j.p. Are now a look at weather for the Southern Oregon Cascades and Siskiyou use sunshine today and a high temperature of 44 degrees in y. Rica it will be sunny with a high of 54 in weight in Mt Shasta sunshine with a high near 51 reading and Red Bluff sunny skies and a high temperature of 68 in the Klamath Basin sunny with a high near $49.00 on the southern Oregon coast will find sunny skies and a high temperature of near 60 on the northern California coast it will be sunny also with a high temperature of $54.00 degrees Roseburg in the basin there will be some patchy fog also areas of frost but otherwise sunny skies and a high temperature of $55.00 degrees and in Grants Pass Medford in Ashland there will also be some patchy fog and some areas of frost but otherwise sunny and a high temperature of $58.00 degrees you're listening to Jefferson Public Radio support for j p r comes from our listeners and from Oregon Community Foundation organ Community Foundation believes one single generous person can make an impact and when generous people join together combining their time talents and resources they can make an exponential impact Oregon Community Foundation helps make this happen by bringing donors nonprofits and volunteers together with the mission of improving the lives of all Oregonians through scholarships grants partnerships research and advocacy visit Oregon c.f. Dot org to learn more. N.p.r. Comes from this station and from Sony Pictures with a beautiful day in the neighborhood directed by Mariel Heller and starring Tom Hanks a journalist learns about empathy and kindness after being assigned a profile of Mr Rogers only in theaters November 22nd from little passports a monthly subscription service for kids each package includes games souvenirs and activities from a new country designed to spark curiosity in cultures around the globe at little passports dot com slash radio and from Total Wine and more where in-store teams can recommend a bottle of wine spirit or beer for any occasion shoppers going to explore more than 8000 wines 2500 beers and 3000 spirits more it Total Wine dot com. This is Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm David Greene and I'm Rachel Martin the southern border gets all the attention with President Trump's massive wall and the backlog of asylum seekers stuck in Mexico but things are tense on the northern border with Canada as well the number of people crossing illegally at the borders on the rise and residents complain that heightened security has changed the character of the once neighborly frontier Here's N.P.R.'s John Burnett are you able to exhibit out the u.s. Crew pow things have tightened up on the northern border where detain just after we cross from Vermont into Canada turns out our guide a local journalist and historian named Scott Wheeler didn't know he was supposed to check in at the Canada inspection station do you want to pull over. And go to phone my call he's going to make a u. Turn Ok We're going to head back to the border to polite officious agents with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police confiscate our passports and escort us back to the port of entry where they'll question us about our intentions inside the monarchy Wheeler says For years he could cross from Derby Line Vermont into the sister city of Stansted Quebec with a smile and a wave to border agents and that's just kind of life on the border it's changing since 911 border agents checked everybody and it's gotten even stricter since Trump took office especially here on could new avenues the name is a hybrid of Canada and USA the international boundary actually runs for a 3rd of a mile along the street then it curves north into Canada where we crossed by accident. With Mounties in front of us and behind us Wheeler drives back to the checkpoint canoes Ave is one of the hot places now. As you can see you know can you imagine on a house can you is when you have to go through that to find out what it's like to own a house on Canossa Avenue at a time of tightening border security I asked 2 neighbors to meet me on the street on their respective sides of the white boundary line My name is Janice b. At all and I live in Beebe plain Vermont on can use the avenue. I'm not very loud here and I live on Canossa Avenue in Canada because the u.s. Customs checkpoint is on her street Beetle has to stop every time she goes to the drug store or get groceries last year she says it got worse a big steel barrier was installed at the end of Canossa to control vehicle access to me I feel it's very intimidating just to have the barrier there it's like a law Marie Vallier agrees she says several neighbors including beetle are trying to sell their houses because coming and going has become such a hassle I used to be able to cross over and see my friend that used to own that house and just go have a glass of wine with her and come back and now like Janice's It's a barrier or we feel it today Vallier is afraid to walk across the street for a glass of wine she can't even take a bag of fresh baked cookies to her neighbor without drawing the attention of authorities Fernando Beltran a retired border patrol official would South that smugglers are moving potent Canadian cannabis across this border like if I bring a bag of cookies to how does a guy the port that sees it on camera know that the bag was just. The honor systems like the people who used to say well we were always on the honor system I mean that's just. The way life anymore fact is illegal activity is increasing here in the rugged in beautiful northeastern corner of Vermont. In the last 2 years in this region u.s. Customs and Border Protection has logged a 400 percent jump in apprehensions of people crossing illegally from Canada that's the biggest increase anywhere along the 5500 mile northern border in 2017 they caught 165 immigrants this year it was 822 people many are Mexicans and Romanians who are among the nationalities that don't require a visa to travel to Canada they fly to Toronto or Montreal and pay a smuggler who brings them here and shows them where to cross where the 1st land border beast of the Great Lakes Richard Ross is the patrol agent in charge of the nearby Newport border patrol station there are several major interstates that run to points south either New York City Boston all the way down to Washington d.c. It is very easy to be in the country and down the road 'd in short order he's driving along a road that parallels the border pointing out the open areas where people cross illegally with Trump's clamp down on the southern border Ross says more migrants are discovering the northern route they're feeling pressure. A lot more pressure than they ever had down south and they found loopholes to exploit via Canada of course the numbers are a drop in the bucket compared to the southern border last May a 1000 people in a single group crossed into El Paso yet $800.00 apprehensions in a year are significant by the standards of the sleepy northern divide even the public library has gotten dragged into border intrigue the Haskell free library actually straddles the international boundary the children's section is of Vermont the rest of the stacks are in Quebec the stately old edifice opened more than a century ago when both towns were one close knit community but these days the librarians have to keep an eye out for more than noisy patrons Scott Wheeler of the local historian stands outside the lab or. It's even been used to smuggle kit you can go in in out of the Haskell with out checking into either customs last year a Montreal man was sentenced to prison for stashing a backpack full of handguns in the library bathroom for an accomplice to spirit into Canada Brian Smith a remote state rep is sad to see how the twin towns have grown apart I meet him at a derby restaurant it was like one town in 2 countries now it's 2 towns in 2 countries and now you know nobody goes back and forth as much anymore there's still a little bit yet some of that one town 2 countries 5 survives Stanstead provides water and sewer services to Derby Line their fire departments help each other out there's even a binational youth hockey team called the Border jets and not every cross border street has a steel barrier Church Street connects Derby Line in Stansted right next to the Haskell library the street is blocked off and the border demarcated by a row of flowerpots Stansted Mayor Philip do feel basically what happened I was along that the flower pot you put the flower pot yeah it was my flower So there you have it a floral border barrier and Canada paid for it John Burnett n.p.r. a vital organization for future generations while supporting your own lifelong values is to include the j p r foundation in your will or trust Please take a moment to learn more at i.j. P.r.s. Org or call us at 18726191 lie from n.p.r. News in Washington I'm Lakshmi saying a former national security advisers warning against anyone floating conspiracy theories including that Ukraine and not Russia meddled in the 2016 election Fiona Hill says that's exactly what Russia wants he was a well known expert on Russia who is among the latest witnesses to take questions from the House impeachment panel investigating whether President Trump leverage military aid to Ukraine to get Kiev to investigate a political rival and others David Holmes a political counselor at the u.s. Embassy in Kiev who says he overheard talk about the military age or image like 26 phone call we have more from N.P.R.'s winter Johnston Holmes told the panel that he was shocked when the White House budget office announced a freeze on u.s. Military aid to Ukraine you know it's been came toward the end of a nearly 2 hour National Security Council secure video conference call which I participated in from the embassy conference room efficient said that the order to come from the president home says several agencies then conducted a review of the security assistance but were unable to identify the rationale for the phrase Democratic candidates are assessing last night's debate N.P.R.'s McCall It says it was largely status quo in fact a couple of instances when candidates were asked about their criticism of South Bend Indiana Mayor people who judge they refuse to engage in personal attacks moody judge had high expectations going into this debate given that he's in the lead in a couple of early states and he seemed to show though this debate that he could handle the pressure the Dow is down 74 points this is n.p.r. . This is j.p. Our News I'm Dave Young new report says over 55000 Oregonians now hold jobs in clean energy accounting for nearly 60 percent of all the energy industry jobs in the state Meanwhile Oregon's entire fossil fuel industry employs fewer than $1500.00 workers the national nonpartizan group Environmental entrepreneurs published the report the group's Michael Timberlake says the growth in clean energy employment isn't just in the heavily populated Portland area these are jobs that really spread into every single county 13000 jobs are located in counties under 300000 population and 10.6 percent of organs cleaners workforce are veterans which is about double the national average of other industries the 3 top business sectors that employ clean energy workers in Oregon are energy efficiency followed by renewable energy which include solar and wind and clean vehicles. The trumpet ministration plans to raise the allowed threshold of the 2nd most commonly used to weed killer when actress gene gets into drinking water it can cause birth defects and cancer in humans says Kristin Schaefer with the pesticide Action Network This is not surprising what we're seeing over and over with this administration is that pesticide industry is having a tremendous influence and again and again are rolling back really common sense regulation the plan comes after pesticide companies asked of the e.p.a. To discount a research linking it's harm at lower levels the Obama administration had planned to lower the threshold by around 3 times now the Trump administration wants to increase it by 50 percent of the amount allowed in the waterways California requires products containing naturism to have a warning label and the use of the pesticide has decreased over the past decade you're listening to j p r. Support for j. B.r. Comes from Abbey carpet and floor in Ashland locally owned and operated since 1901 at the carpet in floor offers a wide selection of conventional and sustainable floor coverings suited for both residential and commercial spaces experienced personalized service and product advice awaits when planning that next flooring project Abbe carpet in floor 668 says Boulevard in Ashland and at 541-488-3453 extension 4 n.p.r. Comes from this station and from c 3 a I see 3 software enables organizations to use artificial intelligence and enterprise scale solving previously unsolvable business problems learn more at c 3 dot a I and from t. Rowe Price offering a strategic investing approach that examines investment opportunities 1st hand institutions advisers employers and individuals choose to price to row price invest with confidence It's Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm Rachel Martin in Washington d.c. And I'm David Greene in Culver City California good morning to witnesses have been called for today's impeachment hearings against President Trump the 1st Fiona Hill who until earlier this year was the top Russia policy specialist on the National Security Council will be hearing about heard this morning let's focus for the moment on the only other witness on tap today he's a career diplomat serving in the u.s. Embassy in Ukraine His name is David Holmes he's testified in private to what he described as an extraordinary conversation between President Trump and the u.s. Ambassador to the European Union and for more on Holmes and his testimony we're joined by N.P.R.'s Bracton Booker Hi Brocton Hey David So what was it about this call that made David Holmes tell lawmakers that he quote had never seen anything like this. Well David Holmes is a career foreign service officer who testified behind closed doors last week in his transcripts were made available on Monday he said in that deposition that the call is something he remembers quote They've Atlee he says u.s. Ambassador Gordon Solomon and 2 other u.s. Officials were at a Ukrainian restaurant on July 26th he said in so many calls trying to update him on meetings the group had with Ukrainian officials and what struck Holmes as quote so remarkable is that one someone places a call on an unsecure phone line in the middle of a Ukrainian restaurant and 2 homes says he can overhear Trump Insall an openly discussing quote investigations be safe to say no one knows who might be listening in to a phone call address when unsecured and in. Ok so what does David Holmes say the president and Ambassador Sumlin actually discuss when it comes the investigation so according to the transcript home says someone told the president quote he's going to do it and Holmes says after the phone call ended he asked someone about the president's concerns about Ukraine and homes as someone said that trump only cares about quote the big stuff the big stuff that benefits the president quote like the Biden investigation now in his testimony yesterday before lawmaker someone said he never mentioned the Bidens in this conversation with Holmes Ok we actually have tape of this that this is the Best Regards on law and in this exchange with House Intelligence Committee chairman Adam Schiff yesterday and you have no doubt no reason to doubt Mr Holmes recounting of your conversation with the president. The only part of Mr Holmes recounting that I take exception with is I do not recall mentioning the Bidens that did not enter my mind it was for recent 2016 elections you no reason to believe that Mr Holmes would make that up if that's what he recalls you're saying you have to raise the question I do I don't recall saying by I never recall saying by so David look for this testimony with David Holmes to look like a real he said he said dynamic. Well something else that came up a lot yesterday and also in homes closed door testimony was the American rapper Asap Rocky who was jailed in Sweden how does how does that figure in all this you can't make this stuff up right Recchi makes a cameo in an impeachment hearing and gets a name checked by the witness that is testifying and Gordon saw in the e.u. Ambassador now Rocky was the subject of this phone call between Trump and and Solomon according to someone's recollection he says at the time of the phone call. The rapper was having real legal trouble in Sweden he was arrested on assault charges and while much of the focus of this phone call had to do with the investigations someone testified that actually the majority of this phone call was about Trump's interest in how to strategize around the interest in the rapper's arrest. Ok what we focus on what to expect from David Holmes testimony that you've been talking to people just about like him his career what do people say about him obviously I couldn't find anybody to say a negative thing about David Holmes he is he is someone who has been described as principled as ethical and in his mid forty's he's still considered a rising star in the former foreign service he's serving and Kosovo and Afghanistan and Russia and I think it's important to note that in 2015 he want 2014 he won the constructive dissent award given to mid level career officers for voicing concern on u.s. Policy just one note this happened in the Obama administration and people who who know him are worried that you know he he may end up being his career may be derailed because of his spotlight in the impeachment hearings N.P.R.'s brought in a book about him thanks. The nation's top Navy Seal on the White House may be on a collision course last week President Trump restored Navy Seal Chief Petty Officer Edward Gallagher to his full rank and pardon to other service members all 3 had been accused of war crimes and Gallagher had been reduced in rank now the head of the Navy special ops unit has started a process to kick Gallagher and 3 others out of the Navy SEALs Steve Walsh with member station p.b.s. In San Diego sends us this report. The SEALs have an almost mythical reputations one that's been a powerful recruiting tool just listen to this promotional video from 2013 their actions are typically swift and decisive striking with surprise speed and appropriate use of force but that reputation is being tested by among other things the Gallagher case the Navy Seal was accused of murdering an unarmed detainee in Iraq during a trial plagued with misfires he was found not guilty of the most serious crimes then came clemency from the president in a seeming rebuke of the White House the Navy has now begun the process that may toss Gallagher out of the SEALs after the Gallagher trial ended in July Rear Admiral Collin Greene issued a letter to his commanders he wrote We have a problem we haven't done enough to moral condition green ordered seal commanders to read the book a tactical ethic by Dick Couch the author of Vietnam Era seal himself says he and Admiral Green have discussed the challenges faced by today's SEALs when they come in say you know you've got to be tough you've got to be smart you've got to be professionally position but you also have to be morally intact you are an American warrior while President Trump was tweeting in support for Gallagher last summer Green had another disciplinary problem on his hands the admiral recalled another post to me from Seal Team 7 from Iraq over allegations that included drinking and unprofessional conduct he removed Seal team seven's top 3 leaders again former seal to account I think there's a lack of leadership and the insistence or and. Moral conduct that's the key thing and that has to be changed interior around and those Holly should have to be separated excommunication is a wonderful thing Admiral green ordered seals to ditch unofficial insignias and get back to Navy haircuts but there are larger issues like lengthy deployments Special Operations Command made an effort to shorten duty tours but council believes that some of the damage may have already been done the more senior guys should have seen an awful lot of combat in a couple of them seem to be damaged by that and it leads into the younger guys to truly restore Navy Seal culture the focus will probably have to extend beyond disciplinary actions Dr Pauline Kerryn teaches professional military ethics at the Naval War College if everything will center on the discipline issues and there's no discussion of of culture war abroad or of the girls who choose to move out of Iraq she says modeling ethical behavior starts at the top seals are also watching to see who wins the back and forth battle between their command in the White House the victor is likely to set the tone for special forces going forward for n.p.r. News I'm Steve Walsh in San Diego this is n.p.r. News. Good morning you're listening to the rhythm into service of Jefferson Public Radio you can find us online and i j p r o r g I'm Dave Jackson coming up at 9 o'clock join me for music on open air Mumford and Sons have something new something from Jakob Broadbent coming up a track from the latest from Grace Potter and a tune from Molly Tuttle we have a live session with her tomorrow at noon today in the Cascades and says gives it should be clear with highs around 44 highs near 54 with sunny skies in way Reka sun with a high near 51 for we to Mt Shasta ice in the upper sixty's for reading in Red Bluff with a clear day expected sunny for the climate Basin today with highs around 49 for the southern Oregon coast sun with ice near 60 from Roseburg Basin patchy fog in some areas and frost on the ways sunny with highs near 55 and some fog in frost for Grants Pass Medford in Ashland turning to sunny conditions later with highs around 58 from where it detailed information on the weather visit our website into n.j. P.r. Guy r g m Dave Jackson thanks so much for tuning in this is a rhythm a new service of Jefferson Public Radio Morning Edition continues next I'll talk to you at 9 o'clock. Support for j p r comes from our listeners and from market of choice on Siskiyou Boulevard family owned and operated in Oregon for more than 40 years market of choice offers chefs made holiday meals artisan baked goods but your shop mates and wine and cheese parings all online at holiday dot market of choice dot com You're listening to southern Oregon University's Jefferson Public Radio. Good morning I'm Rachel Martin even k. Pop stars get treated the same as everyone else in South Korea there is compulsory military service for men but some athletes and classical artists are exempt if they tour around the world recently there were calls for super groups like v.t.s. To get waivers to so the government considered it but then there was all kinds of backlash in the end the culture minister said they will have to enlist even though he personally wished he could give b.t.s. An exemption It's Morning Edition support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from Heather Stewart Haganah and Paul g. Hagar supporting African Wildlife Foundation working to ensure the future of Africa's wildlife and wild lands learn more at a w.f. Dot org from they can do to fund supporting individual dignity and sustainable communities through investments and transformative leaders and ideas learn more of k e n d e d n a fund dot org And from Americans for the Arts. It's Morning Edition for It's Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm Rachel Martin and I'm David Greene good morning and the award goes to let's find out last night authors were honored at the Annual National Book Awards the Oscars of the publishing world this year marked its 70th anniversary N.P.R.'s Lynn Neary was there for the festivities and has this report the National Book Award ceremony is a glittering affair a stark contrast to the solitary life of a writer this year there was one writer for whom that was especially true Albert Woodfox was a finalist in the nonfiction category for his book solitary which he wrote with Leslie George it's the story of the 40 years he served in solitary confinement for a crime he didn't commit Woodfox said it felt surreal to be there last night because I never dream of it this would never work I have a lot of hopes and dreams and what is the recognition you just get back at the Literary Award big Not a whole work week where they were writing a book is a win fiction finalist Marlon James who was born in Jamaica was nominated for black leopard Red Wolf he was also surprised to find himself at the event it's kind of overwhelming you know I became an American in me and then I got nominated for a National Book Award as a welcome to America meet this is happen to everybody who comes American and I know in addition to the nominated authors there are 2 lifetime achievement awards this year our entire retiring c.e.o. Of the American Booksellers Association was honored for his service to the American literary community and Edmund White known for his writing about gay life in America took home the medal for distinguished contribution to American letters when I started submitting novels in the freeze stonewall 960 s. My gay subject matter was offensive especially since I didn't didn't write about hustlers or criminals or drag. When but rather about the middle class guy sharing an office with you the familiar is more threatening than the exotic this year's winner for translated works was Baron Ben kinds homecoming by last no question a whore cryo who shared the award with his translator a tele mules that the author expressed his gratitude to the National Book Foundation which recently reinstated the translation award it is a tremendous joy that through our translators free to can cross this heavy burden as we too can be a toll in the United States of America the Award for nonfiction meant to Sarah broom for the yellow house the story of the house brooms mother bought in 1961 house where she raised a family of 12 a house that was destroyed after Hurricane Katrina and her acceptance speech room acknowledge the role her mother played in shaping her as a writer she was always a wall thinking downwards insatiable which is how I learned the ways in which words were a kind of sustenance could be a beautiful relief or greatest assault how I learned that words were the best math to make me know my mother was always saying in between raising 12 humans I am in this room Simic co-lead and so is my mother. Susan Joyce trust exercise a novel that starts out as a love story and morphs into a meditation on the art of fiction won the award for fiction Arthur z. Took home the poetry honors for sightlines and the award for Young People's Literature went to Martin Sandler for 1900 the year that changed America Lynn Neary n.p.r. News New York. This is n.p.r. News. Singer songwriter Shawn Colvin is celebrating the 30th anniversary of her debut album steady on a breakthrough collection of songs that 30 years into her career have influenced generations of singer songwriters we present an encore of a session with Colvin who performs acoustic versions of songs from the Grammy Award winning album on the next World Cafe like what you hear on World Cafe today at 6 here on the rhythm a news service of Jefferson Public Radio. Support comes from our listeners and from medical eye center medical eye center offers the latest technology and laser vision correction using state of the art technology that all of a n. John Welling have helped their patients achieve better vision and improve their quality of life more people than ever are eligible for vision correction even those that weren't candidates before medical eye center celebrating over 100 years of improving vision in our community our region and our world. As a community service of southern Oregon University Southern Oregon University is dedicated to feeding the intellectual curiosity and human potential of every student while creating a life time of economic opportunity and rewarding careers learn more so you. The World. From n.p.r. News I'm David Greene and I'm Rachel Martin just when you thought you had pushed it out of your consciousness it's back. Home and then Danny. Said that of course is the theme song from frozen the movie was a massive hit the Disney film long held the crown as the highest grossing animated movie worldwide Frozen was written in Co directed by Jennifer Levy who has since been named Walt Disney Animation Studios chief creative officer the 1st woman to hold such a position during the making of frozen to N.P.R.'s Elizabeth Blair spent some time with her in frozen to water air fire and earth are important to the story so is the wind in the movie the characters call her Gail sometimes she's playful. And sometimes she's angry. Can we play a little that if they're all in a windowless room at the Disney Animation Studios in Burbank supervising sound editor Tess plays the different wind sounds for a group of people working on the film including Jennifer Lee and her co-director Chris Bach yeah because she blasts that tree limb away from that's when Gail goes your the magic and Gail starts to go around outside and spits the others out this kind of collaboration goes on for just about every aspect of an animated Disney movie says Jennifer Lee and Hugo shot by shot moment by moment frame by frame and discuss everything from the emotion to the effects to the camera the 1st frozen was inspired by Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale The Snow Queen one of the heroines Elsa has magical powers she can make ice and snow in a split 2nd for inspiration for the new movie Levy and a team from Disney Travel to Norway Finland and Iceland and we stood on a glacier for the 1st time really hit us what would Elsa feel Danding here it's a glacier it's a 1000 feet deep it's a 1000 years old it's of nature completely and something she would probably be so connected to and we realized sort of the mythic realm of her power that opened up the story to be something even bigger for us that something begins as a secret siren that calls to. 6 6 6 look for trouble. While others don't pretty soon Elsa decides to go in search of the secret siren on her own her sister Ana wants to go with her you are not going alone Ana Now I have my powers to protect me you don't. Excuse me I climbed in always mom survived a frozen heart and saved you from my ex-boyfriend and I did it all without powers you know I'm coming from the storytelling it's serious business it does name teams of writers and directors not only work on their own movies but also lend a fresh set of eyes and ears on other movies in development this kind of peer review process is not for everyone says Clark Spencer president of Disney animation but he says when Jennifer Lee 1st came to Disney in 2011 as a freelance writer she dove right in she just accepted that the story team is in there trying to help build the story and you've got to keep that vision but listen to the ideas and figure out what is really behind those ideas how is that going to help propel the character forward and where do I push back and where do I actually listen and figure out how I'm going to alter where I see the story at this point in time and so I think that piece of it made the entire studio just fall in love with her Lee was on the team that made Wreck It Ralph and Sue topia a socially conscious children's movie about unconscious bias I mean it's not like a but. It's right. You know like there's a. You know what I mean you're the kind of predator the kind that needs to be muzzled So you're topia won an Oscar and became Disney Animation Studios 2nd movie to cross the $1000000000.00 mark at the global box office the 1st was frozen Do you wanna build a snowman. All right out the door and. Frozen won 2 Oscars Jennifer Lee walked the red carpet with her sister the movie's bond a cottage industry of other products a best selling soundtrack a Broadway show a ridiculous amount of merchandise fan videos and children performing the songs and talent shows around the world even. When making the new movie. Jennifer leaves says she tried not to think too much about disappointing the deep well of frozen fandom where I think I think if you try to think about it it's overwhelming and it doesn't you almost can't process it Lee has had a lot to process she watched someone she respected John Lasseter get forced out of Disney over allegations of sexual misconduct Lisa's Lassiter was instrumental in putting her on the team that made frozen he executive produced movies she worked on Lasseter's legacy at Disney is complicated there had been rumors of his misconduct but he was also considered a visionary it's an adjustment it's all over whelming at times but we have all these films that needed to move forward and what we all did which became a model for me as we we got together and we all sat as directors and as producers and said What do we see for this studio What are the things we need to do going forward what we try to say all the time is the work that's what you go to go to the work when Levy was named Disney animations new chief creative officer Well Disney Studios chairman Allen Horn said with frozen she brought a new and exciting perspective to the company Leith's some of her mental toughness comes from being raised by a single mom a nurse who worked 3 jobs Lee remembers being bullied and taking comfort in stories one of her favorites with Cinderella and I think the biggest thing for me was her being mistreated so much but being able to say it's not you it's bam and hold onto her strength Cinderella everything. But with each dawn she found you know it's. A dream as it is with. Fairy tales for kids is we're going to take you a little bit into scary places that you and and notions of things that you are uncomfortable with to help you cope in real life but we're always going to bring you back to. It's a place Jennifer Lee says she wants Disney animation to push the art form forward and create new stories and characters that speak to the world today Elizabeth Blair n.p.r. News. It's Morning Edition from n.p.r. News I'm Rachel Martin and I'm David Greene. Recognizes the nonprofit community support of Lithia artisans market that the artisans market announces their 19th annual Christmas fair at the historic Ashland armory Thanksgiving weekend November 28th through December 1st the annual Christmas fair features the artisans of Ashland summer market offering their locally made works of art jewelry leather pottery clothing woodworking and more festivities include live music food and unique gifts visitors can support the community by supporting local artisans the Lithia artisans Christmas fair open to the public Friday 10 to 7 Saturday 10 to 6 and Sunday 11 to 4 Nov 28th through December 1st in the historic Ashland armory 2 blocks from the plaza down Oak Street. This is j p r southern Oregon University's Jefferson Public Radio 89 point one k s m f national n.p.r. News and all things music. Good morning welcome to open air on the rhythm a new service of Jefferson Public radio streaming at i j p r o r g I'm Dave Jackson and I have music for you for the next 3 hours no in stays in the sand for noon until 3 o'clock right after the news coming up today a tune from Molly Tuttle we have a live session with her tomorrow at noon some Western big band swing coming up with Graham Reynolds here in just a little bit a new one from foals later on and right now to kick off the morning Mumford and