Who are trying to fix some of the world's most difficult problems but today we're actually meeting a cartoon character that's being used in Mexico to try to help children who've suffered from abuse and neglect and violence so we've been able to Mexico how does this all work so this is a animated cartoon character which is operated by a psychologist so the child sits in a room and talks to the character on the screen actually being observed by a psychologist who is trying to get to the bottom of their deep that problems Ok and the children actually think that they're talking directly to a to a cartoony and so they think it's being controlled by someone but they think that having this private conversation will meet the cartoon and the people who came up with it on World x. That's coming up after the b.b.c. News Hello I'm Gerri Smith with the b.b.c. News the Israeli government has decided to remove controversial metal detectors from a sensitive holy site in Jerusalem the Temple Mount or her amo Sharif the detectors will be replaced by less intrusive surveillance they've been reports the scanners were installed nearly a fortnight ago after 2 Israeli police officers were shot dead as they guarded the Al Aksa compound the sites noted uses the Temple Mount Israel insisted it was a necessary security measure as the guns were smuggled in but Palestinians and get at what they saw as a threat to the longstanding access agreement to their holy shrine refused to pass through them and instead prayed in the streets outside violent clashes followed in which 4 Palestinians died and on Friday 3 Israelis were stabbed to death by a Palestinian man in a Jewish settlement in the West Bank. The Syrian monitoring group says 8 civilians have been killed in airstrikes on the last rebel held enclave close to the capital Damascus 30 other people were injured which the Syrian Observatory said had been carried out by either government or Russian planes they're the 1st civilian casualties since the truth came into effect on Saturday. The u.s. House of Representatives is expected to vote today on the dislocation that would punish Russia for its alleged interference in last year's presidential election it includes a clause that would stop the president from unilaterally lifting sanctions but report our share reports President Trump came into office dangling the possibility of a deal with Russia to lift sanctions in Congress though the broad and usually bipartisan response has been to expand them to extend the measures taken after Russia's annexation of Crimea but also to punish it for human rights abuses and for its alleged meddling in the u.s. Election this includes new restrictions on oil and gas projects but crucially lawmakers want to limit the president's traditional right to unilaterally waive sanctions that Bill says he'd have to consult them 1st it shows how much they just trust his friendly approach to Moscow and how much the investigation into possible collusion between Russia and the Trump campaign has damaged him politically. India's minister of culture has told Parliament that 24 of the country's protected historical monuments have disappeared in recent years John would give very large pieces of India's rich cultural heritage is simply disappearing the culture minister Mahesh Sharma listed a series of buildings many ruined which have been obliterated in recent years they include the copper temple in our natural Pradesh which dated back more than a 1000 years and once saw human sacrifices cemeteries and tombs some European others older ruined fort and an ancient rock inscription in central India India's rapid urbanization has swallowed them up and structures which stood for centuries and now untraceable. News from the b.b.c. . Police in Vietnam have arrested a prominent dissident accusing him of attempting to overthrow the government Laden Luong was part of a group of bloggers who criticize the actions of Taiwan's Formosa still plant which led to chemicals along the coastline causing a major environmental crisis last year. The mining multinational Rio Tinto has said it will cooperate with an inquiry by Britain's Serious Fraud Office into suspected corruption in the development of the world's biggest untapped iron ore deposit in Guinea Rio Tinto reported itself to the authorities last November after being alerted to unexplained payments it sold its state last October to the Chinese company with whom it had been developing the mine. Research is out of British universities at least 10000 lives could be saved every year people who receive HIV treatment late also given a bundle of drugs to prevent other illnesses their study focused on 4 countries in Africa Uganda Zimbabwe Malawi and Kenya. The 2 artists behind the Latin head to desperate Seato have criticized the Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro for using a version of the of their song to promote a controversial assembly which will be elected on Sunday to rewrite the constitution Leonardo Russia reports. The modified lyrics of this pursuit to urge people to go to the polls on Sunday and replace the bullets with their vote more than 100 people have been killed since the current batch of anti-government protests began in April the Puerto Rican musicians Luis Farsi and their Yankee said Mr McDougal had never sought permission to use the song responses said that his music was meant to be used as propaganda by a government trying to deceive its people while their day Yankee accused Mr model of leading a dictatorial regime b.b.c. News. A quick word of warning before we get started some of the stories that you'll hear in this program are quite disturbing dealing with issues of child abuse and violence. Hi Folks welcome to world hacks on the b.b.c. World Service I'm Tom Coles this is the program where we find the people who are looking for solutions to some of the world's most difficult problems this week we're talking about a device that does something fascinating though some would argue controversial to get children traumatized by some kind of harm or abuse to open up and talk about what's happened to them and the device in question is this. That's the voice of antennas a cartoon alien character on a t.v. Screen the idea is to get the children talking to it and then once it's gained their trust use it to explore the child's hidden thoughts and I think that is the true. Father any secrets that really hurt your heart and the child said yes I had one of my dad got really angry because my brother went to bed again and he grabbed him and threw him on the floor and I hear his bones crack. Mexican psychologist Julia Bobo you came up with the I did it she believes that these hidden thoughts can be harmful I think children keep silent. That hurt. So we won them to tell that sequence because if you keep quiet until you are now all the girls and heard to you a lot and that I know that if I can tame the mind then the heart of a little boy he will be a great adult Lizzie Kassin you've been out to Mexico City where all of this is happening yes so when children suffer from abuse and neglect they can often struggle to talk about it the World Health Organization says left untreated child abuse can lead to serious problems later in life things like depression anxiety drug abuse but Julia claims to found a shortcut a way of accessing that information much more quickly so help or treatment can start sooner using this character that comes to life on screen so the children think they're talking to an alien from another planet but actually the animation is being controlled by trained people like her from the room next door right so this sounds 1st glance like quite an eccentric way of approaching this problem yeah this might come across as being quite extreme but it's actually a development of a technique that's been used for a while psychologists have been using one put in therapy for nearly 90 years to help children communicate their feelings apparently even older children feel more comfortable revealing their problems 100 puppet than a psychologist this project in Mexico takes fact a step further this is like a modern twist on the hand puppet Yes it's the 21st century version a computer generated puppet but before we explain how it works exactly I'm going to probably introduce you to this character. Sitting on a tiny wooden stool. In a blue room covered in paper stars and planets I met I'm 10 is in a children's hospital is stop a lot but Mexico City. Hello. Looking out for to the screen in the corner is an alien The looks like an orange but with endless big round eyes and smiley mouth. It was your name. And tenors. And. They're nice What do you use them for al. Gore. Ok so it's called antennas because it has is that like satellite dishes which is meant to show that they are good listeners yet but the actual person listening is the psychologist and in this case it was a Danny Calvo who works for Julia she showed me how they operate the character from behind the scenes so this is really where the child sit and talk to them and then what's through here Ok this is how I was Christa or her. And here we are where we have the tools we work in here with their computer and most and then as we give the life here to do so you'll sit here with these headphones on and talk through this microphone and then the voices disguised by the time it reaches the next room my vote with this microphone goes for like. And I can hear their children and I can see them. Using the computer keyboard the psychologist can control how the animation moves and change the expressions on its face Julia came up with this idea 12 years ago and it's been passionately telling people about it ever since and 10 assists and Ian from another planet is from Antonopoulos he or she because it doesn't have a gender doesn't know anything about life in earth he or she doesn't know what is the mother father all and he children tell me do you think it's good to have a father on Aunt I don't have a flower the father makes the mother cry. They start telling me all that kind of things because the alien is not from this planet it can ask naive questions about life on Earth what this does is give the child a sense of power because it allows them to teach the alien about what goes on here from their own perspective and without fair of being judged right so this is called the naïve inquiry technique and it's been used before by psychologists in traditional forms of therapy even on adults yes but Julia believes deploying the technique through a cartoon character is really effective on children because it feels less threatening for them especially for those that have been emotionally or physically abused by an adult close is something also appealing about the alien itself it's playful and moves on screen and does stuff like the children for high fives and Juliet says building report is a key part of therapy and children born very quickly with antennas some of them are really excited to meet it. And this is something I observed myself that Julie is private practice in a leafy upmarket part of Mexico City so we're now in a room where antennas operated from next door to the kind of main dining here in the child's it's in and a little girl. Is about to go in and she's 8 years old yet she's 8 years old. On a computer monitor I watched the girl walk into the room with a psychologist. Who works with Julia. Thank him back into the room to operate antennas were using an actor's voice to keep the child anonymous. As Had I said Candace and Candace were. Brought out. There. Tell me what have you come here. To say hello. It was amazing to see the girl sit and have an engaged conversation with the a and she talked about how she wanted a hamster further day and explained how pet dogs are like brothers but you have to look after them. Then we came to the movement the psychologist had been building up to the moment she got on tennis to ask the child to reveal something that was hurting her feelings she asked the girl. Friends you heart of a fella and the girl replied I like parents fight when your parents fight. And. When your parents fight sometimes I'll just tell my parents just instead of fighting that we should go out to play. Fair. After the session so I went to collect the child. Psychologists who go back next to and we are staying in here because the child is not meant to know it's been operated from the next room it's at this point the children undergoing therapy actually go and have a face to face appointment with the psychologist it's standard procedure at the psychologist pretends not to do anything about the child's conversation with antennas but they use that information to figure out the best way of approaching the therapy session Julia says that in the rat cases the child suspects psychologists think control they usually choose to continue speaking to antennas anyway. Ok let's pause for a moment to explain how all this kind of out because Lizzie and tennis didn't start as a animated culture it just started after the drawing in the basement of a school Yes Julia put it there when she was helping children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder at the school the children would go down and leave notes from tennis and each time they came back and tennis or Julia had written them a reply very good did it very good and. Then the father of one of her clients mentioned to her that he worked in animation Junior asked Can you make antennas to talk to laughed too bad all course I can do it let's try they got it ready by 2005 and she started using the tool in her private practice and was surprised early on by how well it worked and the 1st time I used it with a 5 year old girl she came in and she. Talked with antennas they get instantly they feel free and with whom will you leave. Well I live with my father my mother my little brother and I'm 8 what's made because I'm done as doesn't know anything oh I'm a bit of a lady that things up and when your parents don't see she hit. That was the 1st time she's been a psychologist since 1983 but the Ghanta realize Antanas could get the kind of information she needed within a matter of minutes information that previously it would have taken her a couple of hours to get I have 35 years working as a psychologist and I can't do that as quick as something so she set up and tennis policy in us which means and tennis the children a charity which promoted the use of in tennis and now this isn't just used in her private practice anymore a whole range of other antenna characters were created and they're now being used in public hospitals women's shelters in care homes all places where vulnerable children are. So lazy The idea is that this tool is quicker than a psychologist sitting with a child revealing important information but it's efficiency something to aim for in therapy is quicker necessarily better that is the interesting question I've spoken to various psychologists who argued sometimes more time is needed to build up a child's coping strategies before discussing a difficult subject matter but Julie argues that psychological care is a look Sheree in Mexico being offered this session might be the only psychological care they would otherwise receive so quickly establishing report and revealing any underlying problems could be really beneficial in the 1st assessment and as we've already heard in cases where the child. Might be in immediate danger you need to sort something out sooner rather than later so they're arguing that this method is helpful in places with limited resources but that kind of brings us to the most fundamental question of all is there any evidence that this method is actually effective Not really no. They've got lots of anecdotes about it working well but it's not been rigorously tested in any academic settings a tool there are no published studies and I did begin to wonder at this point whether it's wise to keep promoting the tool when the benefits or its possible harms have not been assessed yet close hang on until as have been put in public hospitals but they haven't been properly tested in academic studies are there any plans to do that there is some independent research being done at the moment but the results will be published until later this year but the organization themselves say they haven't got the money to fund their own research they say it's too expensive and they don't want to take money away from expanding the use of antennas also they feel that the proof is in how useful professionals have found on the ground and from what I saw the psychologists that work with Julia seemed genuinely enthusiastic about using it was knocking me about all of this is that it just seems like such a powerful tool it could be really damaging or potentially dangerous in the wrong hands yes and they are aware of that but they don't just let anyone use it it's just qualified psychologists and they train them on how to use it 1st monitor how they got on and if they feel like they're using the system irresponsibly they take it away. You're listening to World hacks on the b.b.c. World Service where we're talking about using cartoon characters to help children deal with traumatic experiences of living there is so much more to this the antenna's have now escaped from the clinic and have taken a role in Mexico's criminal justice system actually prosecuting criminal behavior yes using antennas Julie was unearthing all these really disturbing stories things that might of otherwise never come to light she told me about one of them it was about a boy who came to have practice and in his session with Antanas he suddenly revealed he was being sexually abused by the family's driver. It all came out when antennas asked him what a driver was the man that plays with you game is not good you have to take up your pen for that game and where in the bathroom the the toilet near the living room and the driver was outside waiting for the boy and 10 I said you're very brave that you tell the and the little boy said I tell you because you don't talk with adults because the driver told me if I say something he will kill my mother that's why I am telling you. So I said oh my God I was in the control room and I said with my antenna I can send the information to Julia the lady who brought you here do you let me she knows what to do and she knew she was she will protect you. Know the worry nobody says know anything only my antennas is going to send information so he said Ok and I came into the room and said you are Ok with me you never going to see that people again. This was one of the cases that made you think the recordings like these could be used as evidence in court and 6 years ago she met Mexico City's Attorney General Gal and come on Sara showed him the antennas and he agreed they should use them and since then they've been used in about 100 court cases involving children I think tennis is very special and this is a great great told for for work great kids Mr Mancera is now the mayor is Mexico City I went to visit him in his office. When the countdown would get. It's a long process when you have a criminal case you do more against time also if you have antennas and they feel confident to talk the truth that. It's different if they keep talking with you and I have to. Act and have the police or temple. So now if a child witnesses or is a victim of crime they could end up talking to antennas instead of a police officer yes and the person listening into the conversation would be a psychologist working for the police and they'll be having that conversation not in Julian's office but in a special groups that have been side law enforcement officers one of the people who operates antennas inside those offices is well and he told me how they got a boy to reveal who killed his brother I should warn you this is quite a graphic account in that moment do you know you don't want to know if his brother arrives in hospital all beaten up with structural rips on the child died because this lungs were punctured but no one knew what happened when the father said I just arrived and found him like that on the brother who was there said. I didn't see I was playing with a little bit of the police thought the boy was too scared to say what really happened so I took him to see an antenna schoolbooks to be operated by will land in just the Jordan cornerstone and last he said father any secrets that really hurt your heart will you and the child said yes I have one of what happened is that my dad got really angry because my brother went to bed again and what did he do you know he grabbed him and threw him against the wall then he threw him on the floor and I heard his bones and then he kicked him. And what did you do with that but I hid in the sheets and made out I was just recently. The father was found guilty of murder in part thanks to the evidence given to the antennas character the judge agreed that the recording with Bosky could be used in the trial. And that's a judgment they make in every case where this type of evidence exists the other thing to say is the guest see the whole recording not as you version you would be just what you think it's a person you look believes it's recorded on a discipline and that this is submitted and the judge can review it under this because recorder from beginning to end there are no cuts so you can verify what the child is saying the questions are directed they're not manipulative they don't say Hey did anyone hit you they just say why are you here it's a friendlier approach they don't put pressure on the child to say anything but hasn't one of the criticisms bring children likely to make stuff up when they know they're speaking to a fantasy character yes and defense lawyers have argued that point but relentless says that this type of evidence is never you. Used in isolation in the. Belief that the girl in the in the case that we talked about with the child it wasn't just one of the child said the forensic dog or examine the body then mechanics of an agreed with what the child had seen another part was getting statements from the father basing it on a whole legal process. Right so that's antennas the cartoon character helping children reveal their darkest secrets in hospitals and in the courts but there's one last question what's interesting about this is when we looked into it we discovered no one else is really using this apart from in Mexico which kind of sets alarm bells ringing and why is that Juliet self says they want to properly establish it in Mexico 1st before selling the idea elsewhere but I think in the barrier as we've already mentioned is the lack of academic validation that's probably made psychologists and law enforcement in other parts of the world now that's about using it Tom I should say that from the clinical point of view there are lots of different types of therapies around the world many of them are in the experimental stages but there are people working in the field determined to explore its uses and potential benefit maybe something will come back to a later stage thanks so much Lizzie fascinating story and that's about it from world access we want you to check out some of our videos b.c. Dot com for Slash world x. On Facebook at b.b.c. World x. And if you've stumbled across an interesting solution you want to take a look at please do send us an e-mail at World hacks at b.b.c. You k. Until next week from us and antennas good buy. Distribution of the b.b.c. World Service in the us is made possible by American Public Media producer and distributor of award winning public radio content a.p.m. American Public Media which support from Lumosity with a 10 minute fit test to calculate baseline scores and training programs with 50 challenging brain games learning more at Lumosity dot com Thanks. To the b.b.c. World Service with me Ed Butler where today on Business Daily I am taking one for the team and slapping on beauty products yes male grooming it's become a global money spinner worth close to 20000000000 dollars a year but being sold a bill of goods especially when it comes to the ultimate cosmetic challenge fixing hair loss coverage on business daily after the new. B.b.c. News with Gerry Smith the Israeli government says it will remove metal detectors from a sensitive site in Jerusalem the Temple Mount or. The detectives were introduced after gunmen killed 2 Israeli policemen nearby but the security measure angered Palestinians. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights says 8 civilians have been killed in airstrikes on the last rebel held enclave close to Damascus 30 wounded there the 1st civilian casualties since a truce brokered by Russia and Turkey took effect there on Saturday the lower house of Congress in the United States is expected to vote today on legislation that would punish Russia for its alleged interference in last year's presidential election the bill would also impose further sanctions on Iran and North Korea ballistic missile tests. India's Minister of Culture says $24.00 of the country's protected historical monuments have disappeared in recent years swallowed up by urban development they include temples cemeteries tombs and an ancient rock inscription. Police in Vietnam have arrested a prominent dissidents Laden norm accusing him of attempting to overthrow the government he's part of a group of bloggers who highlighted a major chemical leak last year. Researches in Britain say least 10000 lives could be saved every year if people who receive HIV treatment late are also given a bundle of drugs to prevent other diseases their study focused on 4 African countries Ugandan Zimbabwe Malawi and Kenya. The u.s. Fashion brands Michael Kors is to buy the British luxury shoe maker Jimmy Choo for $1200000000.00 Jimmy Choo's supplies shoes to women including Beyond say Lady Gaga and the Duchess of Cambridge bars like other market brands it's been struggling as a result of heavy discounting in department stores b.b.c. News. Hello I'm Ed Butler and welcome to business daily from the b.b.c. Where today it's all about male grooming and the surgical links that a Gyptian men now go to for the perfect look in the private practice I can fairly say of about 70 percent of the patients are men they come and we're big bellies and everybody is they want to work out with 6 packs on broad chest central groups inspired I to seek treatment all the way. Out there that no matter what is she doing to me find out business daily from the b.b.c. . Time was when a man who spent too long in the bathroom preening was met with a level of scorn by his male friends suspicion even not quite so much now today the male grooming market is worth close to $20000000000.00 worldwide it's rising fast among the boom markets Brazil South Korea the us. China where year on year growth has exceeded 20 percent in recent years and then there's the more extreme surgical end of the market in narcissism cosmetic treatment apparently 3 times more men are going under the knife than they did 20 years ago. Yes cosmetic surgeries hit fever pitch in places like Silicon Valley as I discovered when I stepped into the practice of December I'm just going to. Matter rest so oftentimes it's 98 for someone to come and say gee I want to be able to compete with the younger generation a little bit of Botox a little bit of a filler maybe a light laser where there is no down time so this is to an out that the wrinkles ironed out or soften rentals and for men one of the great areas is the neck. Thinner lines to 20 something guys come in 20 something guys and girls come in I'm a man of a certain age said you look at me now what would you recommend. You know I've been doing this for a long time. I've been caught in that trick before you know what you do what bothers you he you truthfully what I'm going to offer you it's not going to get you that job it's not going our verse 10 years I'm going to make you look a little bit better I'm going to make you look a little bit more relaxed the aging process never ends and I think it very important to establish a relationship with my patients empathy forthright honesty certainly a lot of humor and Wazza facial needle has. No way it seems is amusing to the male grooming bug these days hey is it Gyptian specialist Mohammed and walk in Cairo Middle Eastern men simply can't get enough of his wizardry with the blade in the state hospital I say about 20 percent of the patients are men however in the private practice I can fairly say that 70 percent of the patients are men 70 percent are men yes that's right they pay upwards of 10000 dollars for a surgery but we get a lot of men who want to do liposuction and they want to get rid of. Breast. Have a problem with their noses we want to do face lifts and everything really they come and we're big bellies and curvy bodies and they want to walk out with 6 packs on broad chest central verse so you sculpt them to become young and healthy looking that's the exact term Yes it's called Dynamic body sculpting. That's successful it is very successful yes you can look like Brad Pitt overnight you can look like Brad Pitt after 6 hours of surgery yes and demand is going up the man has been going quite high for the 1011 or evolution yes the revolution made of people more plastic surgery for some reason that we really can't put our finger on right now but yes he's saying that the Arab Spring made Arab men more vain that seems to be the case yes that's the that's the to use of a ship the case here. I guess the traditional idea is that men don't need to worry about their personal beauty it's about you know going out there and doing things and and that the women are the ones who concern themselves with these things just judging by what you are telling me doesn't seem to be true anymore certainly and in this region is it can you explain that I believe recently we get a lot of the social media impact from celebrities even local ones the connect and they see the different standards from around the world for beauty and I guess the fact there's a lot of unmarried women here are scrolling on their timeline to see celebrities on the beach and tending events and they look. And attractive sexually from their perspective and men are growing aware of the fact that they need a good looking body as well as a full pockets in order to attract a lady the Egyptian cosmetic surgeon Mohammed and while here on business daily from the b.b.c. Of course most men these days are opting for slightly less drastic interventions the kind you can buy over the counter. Right now stepped in to sell for just this is one of the iconic department stores in the center of London and Oxford Street and I am not standing in the beauty section this is where all polo customers clients will come to buy whatever it might be a branded product a beauty why. Yeah I'm standing next to one of those right now and I'm with Emily some of us who was one of the beauty bombers here for so for just Emily roughly how much of your business is now going to male consumers like this. Can see is in the digits so it's a key try for us to the not be to business double digits and rising and rising and . Stuff recently. We are selling a combination of skincare this is a really good example of where we're actually selling makeup products such as they can see but we know that men are increasingly becoming more educated to seek a ratio as opposed to the stick that people are talking about you know is more into what one would define as inverted commas female make up it's not beneath their dignity which perhaps it would have been a traditional old fashioned sort of perhaps more stereotyped world Yeah I think the perception of makeup has changed and if something makes you feel good there's no reason why you shouldn't be able to seize that yeah this is an area that we're standing now and we moved to a different hole and there's a big column in front of me it says Korean beauty there's something very Korean about this presumably that these are all products that made income from Korea this is a really good example of where we're seeing men become more educated about being care regimes that we have everything from cleanse the whale we have faced moms we have the problem mounts up here we should really apply appeal to that because even so it's it looks like a place you stick it over using the Robert stretch it over your face and you stick this on 1st thing in the morning before you set off to work 1st thing or last thing at night or middle of the day completely up to that is he stepping out beyond the facemasks section the Korean beauty section. We're looking at and number of customers now I have to say they are all female the ones in my line of vision right now but being treated for all kinds of the I mean the Essentially what do. What are you offering what are you what are they getting so the services we have here is face gym which is like the gym feel face and we do have a really strong male customary to face jam we have to have a link for our bar which I invite you to come back and show yourself so if you did want to be a bit more hit then that's place to go. But as you can see here face. It's still relatively private. Apart from men with microphones who want to pass periodically. My thanks then to Emily song this is another step now as you can hear of the public hall into the private room and Lindsay is about to give me the signature facial workout it's not a facial It's a workout Why would I need one of those because it's about tension release lifting tightening tone and it's going in the muscles so I'm going to be working on that today so I'm just putting a lovely hot flash on your face you can have a team effect Ok. I'm not going to town with my face on a set which is probably why are. There starting the face while you have the. The mic on your face covered the whole of your face how does that feel real growth thank you you're welcome. Now you were nice and stretched and warm going to get into cardio. Are you ready yeah yeah i'm almost all the only one of the ones that I love and love the Lord Well if I won't Yeah. Right so for those who couldn't see that that was my face being how would you describe it and kind of the it to. The way down from your cheeks under the chin because you know we all want that lovely flash in coming up going all the way across the forehead. And going all the way back down now. That's a day how do you feel I feel great yeah I think you got this lovely that you know I'm going to sit up you consider myself in the mirror Absolutely. And. So now back in the office with my coworkers. How do I look fresh faced and refresh than ready to go seriously really good do I look rejuvenated Sarah you look fresh faced Ok that's the verdict clearly it's money well spent well then enough of these fripperies there is one and only one Holy Grail Surely when it comes to male cosmetic treatment and that is the one that we're ending with today the majority of men will in their lifetime suffer at least some degree of hair loss I can vouch for that Andrew genetic alopecia is the medical term and who better to report on the 2000000000 dollar industry to treat it than our own folly challenge business correspondent the elated. That I have. Your football games this is the same attorney want to just be the start of extensive research into the subject after losing his own house and here is the secret weapon which says there isn't. A powerful suction cup many times more effective than massaging stimulating circulation under the skull. In Britain in the 1950 s. It was suction cups the ancient Egyptians used to mixture of hippopotamus fat and get Zelda on Julius Caesar favored a comb over and French kings made ornate wigs fashionable around the world and through the ages men have come up with different solutions to the same basic problem. How to stop themselves from going bald these days preventing follicles from failing is a major business according to some estimates $7000000000.00 a year is spent on treatments to counter hair loss and it's a competitive market your appearance is important to you you need to look good to make a good impression nothing improves your confidence your good looks and the way you feel about yourself the way you think full head of your own hair will and now you can have it you are losing your hair you can now choose to do something about advances in medical science have resulted in the world's 1st and much further than solution to her looks put it comes to hair restoration so to find out more like come to London's holy Street famous around the world for upmarket medical facilities I'm here to meet with Dr Robbie Reddy head surgeon who specializes in hair transplants at a private clinic called the private clinic and I have to admit I am a little bit thin on top myself so let's go and see what he can do about it. Like that when I want to hasten But here I have to do it well as you can see on all the just wondered if you could look at my head and tell me for can do anything about it let's have a look at this capsule read. Ok. From what I see what I was happening is you have the hell off has put this significantly. By a nation which to me there's about 45000 could have been utilized for the cancer long and in need of some minds we cannot claim Peter going but. I think having examined your scout an ideal scenario here would be not fully explored but. Based on what we have today the current technology we have. Sadly no hope for me then but I'm not alone by any me. And according to Dr Reddy very few treatments for hair loss are actually worth the money to products have been scientifically proven to work one is a topical to Lucian It's called minoxidil you apply on to your skull ideally twice a day don't show the product is there we need to stop using it gradually you would head back to a would have gone anyway the other product is a pill and we have seen some remarkable results in the managed to preserve a lot more had then there would have had they not used the product but that's just 2 products all these other ones on the market now all the money people are spending it's not actually achieving very much I have to agree with you on that unless we have a lot more scientific basis Pookie that a lot of men are just losing money on things are unproven to work at all and you specialize in hair transplants that's the surgical option what's the advantage about medication can only do so much in the sense that it can preserve what you've got in a minute the fortunate thing with surgery that is it does work because of can look for a very natural but the downside is probably 75 percent pantsuit would put a concert plan but let's get down to basics here her treatments are expensive a transplant for example can cost more than $5000.00 and many of them don't even work but perhaps all of this anger simply unnecessary from you'll burn it or Jason Statham from Errol Brown to right said Fred's Richard fair bras bald men have succeeded in becoming icons of cool or at least becoming famous. And according to Mick Carvel associate Starr lead a tour of men's magazine g.q. There's no need to waste time trying to keep the thinning fat We have lots of men in the public are I who don't have a single hair on the head you know dramatic or Dolce from Dot shank a banner in fashion I even Jeff best toss in 10. Ology I think that bald men are very visible and I think there are some really good sort of role models out there for guys and you know even better a lot of guys I find a very concerned about maybe what they will look like without hair and I think the fact that we have so many men out there who are so successful in many different fields shows that you can be any sort of guy really and get away with shaving your head which should you know be a comfort to anyone that feels daunted by shaving off all the hair but what if you're not yet ready to embrace that shiny headed look what if you've already lost your hair and no amount of surgery or exotic create Ment's will never bring it back even if you could afford it while there is one thing that can help what's more it'll keep your head warm protects you from the sun and rain and won't break the bank it's called a hat and a few more aerodynamic than hair or a dynamic I say it's the perfect solution. C capping it off clearly gives business daily back same time tomorrow to hear them thank. You. We've seen and read through the hour. Hello and welcome to witness with me Dean and human Today I'm taking you back to Moscow in the 960 s. When the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev started their large scale social housing program building thousands of apartment blocks until the 1960 s. Most Moscow residents lived in very overcrowded conditions in communal flats but was chefs building project started many were able to enjoy the Privy Seal of their own home for the 1st time in decades. It's 1962 and 36 year old my dear is Siva together with her elderly mother her husband and her 6 year old daughter are moving into a brand new apartment block on the outskirts of Moscow after 10 years on the waiting list Maria's family has finally been allocated a flat of their own well he or she would you rather see a work in which. She thought it was an important occasion for us a once in a lifetime event you could say we were so happy all my friends and colleagues were jealous I was the lucky one Marie and her family moved from a small room in an overcrowded communal apartment in central Moscow to a tiny flat on the outskirts of the city and there was the only 5 storey block in the area the rest was a village with private gardens and cows roaming around peacefully although this city center was far away Maria was more than happy to leave her old home behind do you want war was your beach war so why should me how can you enjoy living in a room of 8 square meters if you're a family of 4 you share the cooking stove with 3 other families you share the baths . You have to wait for your turn in the loo shared apartments became a feature of Soviet life after that evolution famine and economic collapse forced millions of peasants into large cities where there wasn't enough housing stock for all new residents the Bolsheviks that accusation and large private apartments from wealthy owners and allocated one pairs and family to each room creating shared apartments with shared facilities you're sharing intimate spaces no bathrooms in kitchens with people you don't really know everyone has different happy everyone was used to pass through the same time in the morning in the evening Klim Cecille is a complainer for Russia's architectural heritage and she too once lived in a shared apartment in Moscow when you go into communication no extremely strange spaces if you're not used to them because you see a whole line of gas ovens and nothing around them because everyone keeps their things in separate covered in their own rooms she communicates things can be incredibly stark quite bleak places where like you can have all of your news you know where you started to take you in our kitchen we had one stove and 3 kitchen cupboards my neighbors had one cupboard per family but I didn't have one because there was no space so I only had a small cabinet and a shelf above it to keep my pots and pans this cramped lifestyle began to change after Stalin's there when in 1954 the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev promised to end the housing crisis by building millions of standardized apartment blocks outlined his new vision of communist housing in a passionate speech to Congress of Soviet builders. And the vision at the heart of his speech was very ambitious and it had people are absolutely out it's cool and efficiency and economy with the keywords and rationalization and fire ants. A large scale construction program using the latest Western technology was launched throughout the u.s.s.r. 5 storey blocks known as p.t. Attached were built some of brake some of concrete panels the size of the flats and the quality of construction varied but most units were very small yet when Maria and at her new apartment in 1962 she was delighted what your. 3 year they were. Compared to that tiny room our new flat was a delight it was on the 5th floor with no lift and no rubbish but no matter it had a small kitchen a bathroom and 2 rooms the small room was for our daughter and the bigger room we had to ourselves you run your own Republican for the 1st time our daughter had her own bedroom we bought some lovely furniture for her even a piano the great Soviet composer Dmitri Shostakovich even composed an operetta named after one of the new construction projects Moscow. And capturing the pride and the excitement felt by people like Maria the kid it was. Was. These It was not ours these windows are ours this flat is ours seeing the excited young couple was. While living in Moscow Klim also had the experience of living in a 960 s. 5 story block though her memories are more prison a You'd walk into a tiny little whole way where you take off your coat and taurine of her right hand go into a kitchen with a glass to there was any room in the kitchen for a small table and 2 people fidget maybe 3 and sitting in the kitchen you'd be able to hear what was going on in the 2 rooms on either side but I mean you couldn't really swing a cat focusing on efficiency and practicality the architects insisted that even a small kitchen was. An improvement compared to the old style large kitchens there was a proper counter showing how many steps women had to take in order to make Porsche be cheap and in the old way the woman had to take 500 steps to make Bush border waste when you only have to take 30 Maria did not mind making her board then you way to turn into the sink and to the Kuka without having to make an extra step and to make a new flat more homely Mario developed a taste for rugs well cover what will all come out of what I did love my rugs we have plenty of them some hanging on the walls others on the floor they were in fashion at the time rugs from 3 mania or I said by John or even from Turkey helped with sound insulation when hung on sin walls between the apartments. And I had to queue overnight to buy a rug I still have them too many rarely. Now they are out of fashion throughout the 1960s apartment blocks or Pixie Attash he exactly like Maria's and with identical layouts sprang up all over the u.s.s.r. And I remember going to Siberia and I was staying in one of these pretty charged and I had jet lag and I fear and I fell asleep and I woke up in the night and I thought try to must carry so I threw it into the kitchen and went to get my mug to make up tea and I was in someone else's fat but I'd gone exactly the same route outside Maria's windows the old village was disappearing fast as new blocks were built and residents planted trees and flowers creating a pleasant Boulevard in time a kindergarten a school a cinema and several shops appeared nearby. As I walk home I can see the light in our windows and I know you are waiting for me in. Home These are the words from a popular song at the time the whole point of these areas was to create the perfect environment for savior to rationalize his way of life to make it as efficient as possible m to provide to in a socialist way for all the needs of every individual and the achievement from an architectural point of view if the town planning the development happened around these areas was quite Donek and in keeping with the original new p.s. The 5 storey apartment blocks did not completely solve the housing crisis but they provided a decent accommodation for millions of families Clem Cecille now Dons Pushkin House a Russian cultural center in London Maria inside of us still lives in Moscow though at 91 chicken no longer live in her old apartment on the 5th floor without a lift both spoke to me Tina and human weakness and if you'd like to listen to more unique voices from history just search online for b.b.c. Witness. This is k s k Anchorage. And I am in London.