About Russia's involvement in Syria and Ukraine and its alleged role in the poisoning of a former Russian spy in Britain but the Austrian foreign minister carrying Meisel said it was appropriate to maintain dialogue pill we are one of many countries that acts within the context of perceptions as to where conclude it in July 24th but like the Germans have to Petersburg dialogue which enables them to discuss the one of the other topics so we also or pursue our bilateral context be the cultural economic or other Iran has submitted a letter to the u.n. Nuclear agency the i.a.e.a. Officially informing it that it's beginning the process of increasing its uranium enrichment capacity the plans will enable Iran to make more uranium hexafluoride a key ingredient in the in Richmond process the Iranian Atomic Energy Organization said that Iran would begin using its advanced centrifuges assembly center in their towns nuclear facility last month President Trump pulled out of the international deal to halt Iran's nuclear program. The wife of the former prime minister of Malaysia has been questioned about her connection to a major corruption investigation it comes after her husband Nagell president suffered a surprise defeat in last month's election Michael Bristow reports the former prime minister's wife looked cheerful and relaxed as she waved to investigators offices flanked by lawyers and security guards she was questioned for 3 hours attention focus on those now months so after more than $400.00 handbags an expensive jewelry when discovered in raids on her and her family's homes she's long been known for her love of shopping the police also found nearly $29000000.00 in cash her husband has already been interviewed both have been banned from leaving Malaysia at least 9 people have been killed and several more wounded in 3 suicide bombings in the city of defer in the southeast of kneejerk close to the border with Nigeria it's an area where the jihadist group Boko Haram has carried out frequent attacks Will Ross reports 2 of the suicide bombers were young women and the targets included a Qur'anic school the difference had been Carm for several months until the Monday evening bombings Najarian soldiers are part of the multinational joint task force protecting the countries which border Lake Chad where Boko Haram is active but Gerry's also suffering from insecurity in the west of the country close to the Mali and border after meeting the president of Nigeria in Paris on Monday French President Emanuel Macra called on countries to fulfill their pledges to fund the g 5 international military force fighting Islam is militancy in the Sahara region this is the world news from the b.b.c. Members of parliament in Ethiopia have voted to lift the state of emergency which was imposed in February and was supposed to last for 6 months this fall as a cabinet decision on Saturday to end it the move is a further sign that the situation in Ethiopia is improving after almost 3 years of anti-government protests which led to hundreds of deaths and so tens of thousands imprisoned. The 1st funerals have taken place in Guatemala for people killed by the violent eruption of the forgo volcano ceremonies were held for several members of the same family including a 3 year old girl $69.00 people are now known to have died whole villages were obliterated a recovery operation continues the speaker of Jordan's parliament out of our tour on a has accused the outgoing government of rushing through a draft law to increase income tax he said the proposal must be withdrawn or presented to parliament which he said would reject it but have been days of protest about a tax increase and austerity measures as Mark Lowen in Jordan explains it is being given a 7 $123000000.00 loan from the International Monetary Fund and of course these loans come with strings attached including reducing Jordan's deficit and so that is why the austerity policies are being proposed but there is a feeling here that Jordan is really really pressured by the fact that it has over a 1000000 Syrian refugees this is a country that is extremely arid it faces chronic water shortages and there is a feeling that really Jordan needs a deep rethink of how to be economically sustainable in the long term rather than kind of salami slicing the European Union's top court has ruled in favor of a Romanian man who wanted to bring his American husband to live in Romania even their remaining doesn't recognize same sex marriage Rumania had argued that the American couldn't enjoy the residency rights the e.u. Gives to spouses from outside the e.u. As he wasn't acknowledged as a spouse under Rumanian law but the European Court of Justice said that the term spouse was gender neutral b.b.c. News. And this is the newsroom from the b.b.c. World Service it's 2 days on since the volcano in what erupted without warning now the 1st funerals have taken place for those killed by the violent eruption at least 69 people are known to have died as a result the eruption generated what's known as plastic flows make sure mixtures of very hot gases and volcanic matter which rapidly descended down the slopes engulfing entire communities the journalist Ninawa County has been right up to the emergency service cordon around the village of some. Just ash. I thought you know if you think you. Have just been you know way dad by the look of it. And so I got to the final where I could see have publicly and she climbed. Back I guess I mean what I I've told me that when they call me to say still we have. Police through to the top we can make ash about that. When I. Guess. Which is making it almost impossible for them to anyone that would inside. You know look Conny one of us of b.b.c. Joins me in the studio for more on this matter you know what more do we know about the rescue operation and how it's going yes I mean there we know that thousands of people are being housed at the moment in mint temporary shelters and we have to remember that people are very much in shock over what happened nobody really expected this even for people who live in the surrounding area of that will count on nothing like this happened before so including the rescue workers in their thirty's. Is shocked and the main problem that we know of at the moment is reaching the villages as the name I was saying that got covered with ice with ash according to a study at least 5 villages got completely covered by it and there's not enough rescue workers that's what we've been told to help in the operation plus there is the danger of gases and high temperatures in the area because of all they will kind of material we have to remember as you were saying that when their option a cure temperatures stress drastically rose to nearly a 1000 Greece and that there was a cloud of ash and gas as you were saying rushing down the hill Cana this is what the scientists called a pirate plastic flows as you were saying and why you think so dangerous these power plants to close well the United States Geological Survey defines them as chaotic mixture of rock fragments of gas and and these can as I say was in breach temperatures of several 100 degrees ascensions and travel at speeds of tens of thousands of me to split seconds we have seen many videos I'd witnessed videos on You Tube and that people were there and in those we did You can see some bystanders are really only realizing how how fast was this material traveling when it was almost up to them and they didn't almost you can have time to run of it so people are everybody was really nobody really what's really expecting what happened there and what in a rains are predicted tomorrow how could that make the terrain even more dangerous Yes exactly the main concern now is that the heavy rains separating the area these can this is a high probability of the hardest heart Sard the combination of Mount flows with that kind of Deborah the Brea and this can create devastating mudslides so the authorities are worried now because of them thank you Michael in an office of b.b.c. Mundo when the American government pulled out of the nuclear deal with Iran it seemed clear that the government in Tehran would openly resume its your green. Enrichment program now Iran has confirmed it's preparing for that in a letter which is to be handed over to the u.n. Nuclear agency today and Jonathan Marcus joins us for more on this Jonathan what exactly are the announcing 2 things they're talking about making preparations to step up the manufacture of centrifuges advanced centrifuges the devices that spin to actually enrich the uranium and they're also talking about increasing their capacity to be able to produce Your am hexafluoride which is the crucial feedstock that goes into these centrifuges at the moment it is all talk of preparations essential preparations that would enable Iran to greatly expand its uranium enrichment program but probably up to now and so far they are not actually breaking the terms of the agreement itself I mean it's very much a signal by the Iranians that they have a say in this there are things that they can do whilst they watch the Europeans did the ring over exactly how they can keep this deal alive and as they see of course commercial companies beginning in many cases to distance themselves from trading with Iran so this is a very very much a response to the u.s. Action would they have done this anyway or not no they would they wouldn't I mean this is as it were. A warning we are getting ready to do something if indeed the nuclear deal falls by the wayside and it is in many ways on life support now I think the problem particularly for the main key European governments Britain France and Germany who are struggling to try and keep this deal alive is that in a way what the Iranians are doing kind of undercuts that many people in America critics of Iran critics of the nuclear deal will say well look we told you so why does Iran. Its enrichment program in the 1st place if it isn't intending ultimately to get a bomb look they're getting ready to gear up this Iranian enrichment program now so I think in many ways it does undercut the efforts of those Western governments who are trying desperately to find a way to keep this deal alive and if it basically then the deal that well hits how close to dead can you be without being expired it's a good question I think as I say the deal is very much on life support there is a lot of diplomatic activity Remember Russia and China the players in all of this as well I think the problem is that whatever governments say and do you know the European governments London Paris Berlin can all talk about their desire to keep the deal in existence but it's not their decision it's the decision of commercial companies do they want to take the risk of incurring heavy punitive sanctions from the United States in essence it comes down to a question Is it better of countries for companies to do business with the United States than it is to do business with terror and I think the answer to that is obvious and that rather again undercuts what the diplomats in the European capitals are trying to do a different a diplomatic correspondent Jonathan Marcus thank you in what's being hailed as a major victory for gay rights campaigners the use top court has ruled that the same sex spouses of e.u. Citizens should enjoy the same right to live and work in any member state that would apply to heterosexual couples this ruling by the European Court of Justice applies even in member states that haven't legalized same sex marriage or Europe regional editor Mike Sanders is in the studio with me for more on this Mike what exactly does this ruling say and who brought this case before the court Well it's a case that concerns a couple that have been dating since 2002 servery long a step. British couple I agree in common is a remaining in human rights lawyer specializing in gay rights and his partners Claiborne Hamilton who's an American now they got married in Brussels so in an e.u. State in 2010 and they wanted to find out if Claiborne Hamilton would be allowed to live in Romania which obviously Mr commands home. State now they are they applied to remain in court initially. For a judgment on this question in the remaining courts run short so they referred it to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg and essentially what the court has decided was that in a in a case where there is a clear relationship when they have resided abroad they should be allowed to live as spouses in the country of origin of the of one of the partners because the term spouse is gender neutral in law so there's no reason even if Romania where she doesn't recognize same sex the sex marriage the mystically will claim when Hamilton can't live there because it will no doubt cause tension with Romania and other countries in the e.u. Were same sex marriage was not legal Well yes and no the court was also very clear to point out that it's up to the member states to decide for themselves whether they whether or not they want to lay out allow same sex marriage. But in this case where there clearly is prior relationship and they've been living abroad as a couple there's no reason why they can't then exercise the right they have to freedom of movement and family life under the law that's the point that the court has decided on Rumania can't bar Mr Claymore claim on Hamilton on the grounds simply that it doesn't recognize same sex marriages might think you're Europe regional editor Mike Sanders you're listening to the news room of the b.b.c. World Service now Jonathan has the headlines funerals have been held for the 1st victims. A violent volcanic eruption in Guatemala that's killed at least 69 people as President Putin travels to Vienna other Chancellor Austria says his country wants to help heal the rift between Russia and the West and Iran has formally announced that it's beginning the process of increasing its uranium enrichment capacity following the u.s. Decision to abandon the international nuclear deal thanks Jonathan the resignation of Jordan's unpopular prime minister honeymoon hasn't quell the protests there and government demonstrators gathered in the capital Amman again last night to press for the withdrawal of a draft bill to increase income tax and opposition journalists who took part in the protests and Dhoni said the change of government mattered little because the real power lay with King Abdullah from previous experience people have learned that the change of government doesn't mean a change of policy in fact read on and see new recall list of qualifications and. Whether they. Stick to it or not and the different policies because the policies are really made in the palace not at the level of state government so government has become a rather strong to whatever the policy one our correspondent Mark Lowen joins us live now from Amman for more on this Marc what's the situation like there now. During the day I mean of course because we're in the month holy month of Ramadan for Muslims it's very quiet the protests gather in the evening after the gift on meal which breaks that fast and last night I was out with the protesters my late into the night and they were quite spirited and still quite numerous about 2000 people gathered some of them were celebrating the resignation of honey murkiest as prime minister but they really that the mood was that they they don't care about change personnel they care about a change of policy what they want is is for the austerity policies that they say are all making Jordanians everyday everyday life very very hard to be changed. That the fact that fuel tap the fuel prices have gone up 5 times since the start of the year the price of electricity has gone up by 55 percent since February the subsidies for bread have been scrapped there's this controversial draft bill to raise income tax for citizens by over 5 percent and for businesses by over 20 percent all of this to satisfy the International Monetary Fund that has granted Jordan a loan of 700 $23000000.00 but Jordanian say is making their life very very difficult and they say that unless those are Sarah t. Bills change they will continue this to beas night because nightly protests how likely is it that they're not going to withdraw the austerity bill and what is the role of the speaker in all of this. Well there is a there is a feeling that that that most of most of the M.P.'s are against that income tax bill which was the catalyst for these nights of protest they have there is talk that they have requested a special session from the king they requested the king to convene a special session of parliament in order to revoke that Bill we are now we heard that Omar resign as the outgoing education minister has now accepted to be the new prime minister of Jordan he is a popular figure so possibly a new government led by him a special session of parliament could be called to revoke that income tax bill but Jordan is in a bind it has a big deficit a big public debt it has a 1000000 Syrian refugees on its soil it is has a chronic lack of water it's a most and one of most arid countries in the world so it's facing kind of natural problems in in the in the country itself it is trying to raise money for a relatively poor country in a booming population but also to put Kate the frustration of the Jordanian population that is the kind of challenge that the Jordanian government now faces Mark thank you Mark Lowen in Amman the war in plastic continues to grow as a new u.n. Report says less than a 10th of plastic overproduced has been recycled it says action. To reduce waste is having mixed results as up to 5 trillion plastic bags are used worldwide each year the report comes days after a whale died in Thailand after swallowing 8 kilos of plastic bags a photo of the 80 bags laid out was widely viewed on social media the un warns that far more needs to be done to reduce the vast flow of plastic waste into rivers and oceans Dr Lisa Spence and is head of ocean programs for the un Environment Agency explains some of the challenges ahead this whole banning single use plastic is a part of a broad consensus what we need to do but we know it takes time it might take 10 years to get any global legislative action moving and this is why we don't have the time we cannot wait another 10 years because the production of plastic will double So we are also working with the private sector the business community that have the solutions the energy and the dynamics to create new solutions to this problem for example the product packaging redesign but also being able to sew worth and recycle the plastic that we use and being able to reuse said plastic into new material so when we used a plastic product it's just not an end of it we actually putting it back into the market and find another use of it so that kind of solution we need to push when I was a kid I was not brought up with stress I'm sure we can drink anything without a straw that's not the that and there's so many different other products that could be this signed Why do you sister you don't want to spill something on you or is it more for a fun thing there's a lot of things that could be more fun than stress Dr Lisa I mean yes Spence and now Jonathan has some other stories from our news desk a campaigner for the rights of sex workers in New Zealand has been made a Dame in Queen Elizabeth birthday honors Catherine Healy from the New Zealand prostitute collective 3 decades ago her efforts led to the decriminalization of brothels and for full employee. And rights for sex workers almost 30 countries including the Netherlands Germany and New Zealand have legalized or decriminalized prostitution Dame Catherine Healy says she hopes other countries will follow suit so 'd it was decriminalized in 2003 and so it's that time we have and it's an increase in the number as it was one of the things. We know that we still have some way to go in making sure. We have confidence. You know where they can say well you know Lisa you're a. Leafs a German investment group has told shareholders it wants to dismantle to used Airbus a $380.00 super jumbos it hands and sell the spare parts to maximize profits it will be the 1st time the world's largest passenger aircraft has gone to the breakers instead of being resold and President Trump has said the annual visit to the White House by the n.f.l. Super Bowl winners has been canceled the statement came a day after most of the Philadelphia Eagles players so they wouldn't go to the ceremony in protest against the president and his rhetoric Mr Trump said they disagreed with him because he insisted that they stand proudly for the anthem before n.f.l. Matches Thanks Jonathan 50 years ago just after midnight local time on June 6th in Los Angeles Robert f. Kennedy was shot and killed as he was campaigning to become president of the United States his brother President John f. Kennedy had been assassinated 5 years earlier our correspondent James not pretty has been speaking to someone who was by his side at that moment the celebrated photographer Harry Benson in April 968 the civil rights leader Martin Luther King was shot dead a few days earlier President Lyndon Johnson had pulled out of his reelection race because of anger at the Vietnam War and know Robert f. Kennedy brother of Johnson's murdered pretty decisive as president was. And to be his successor on the night of the Democratic primary election in California with the nominating convention only a month away the photographer had a Benson now $89.00 was in the crowd that watched Kennedy claim victory they're all dancing and singing and sock it to me everyone's very happy now I'm thinking how diag get it here in this crowd of getting closer to Bobby and I'll follow him out into the kitchen I turned to my left while he was going to be thrown a girl's scream. Was. I knew I knew this is it. Turn round and I'll be. Just a Mohit on the floor. And. Then all hell broke loose was there were shots and pandemonium. It was. Screaming not by now but I'm down less being mean no I again was I saw it was a bad wound and little interest in blood to come and I was a bank of meat and. I knew Bobby was gone it was hopeless at the hospital in the alley hours of June the 6th his press secretary front man of it gave the news everyone knew was coming Senator Robert Francis Kennedy. Died at 1 44 am today. To 6. 168. We were. 42 years old. A year of tumult assassinations and war the downfall of a president and the murder. Of another Kennedy a time no American of whatever political color would forget James narcotic Apple makes a lot of money from with i Phones But now the technology giant is going to give people a hand in using them less Jonathan Savage reports on the latest attempt to combat smartphone addiction sirrah Jessica Parker Tyra Banks Elton John some of the celebrities who are using their phones less and doing so with pride t.v. Morgul Simon Cowell for example says he hasn't touched his in 10 months when we hear that we go wow why because it's really hard to do never mind 10 months can you go 10 minutes Jean Twenge has written a book on how she thinks our hyper connected culture is harming society regular days and that experience of reading your news feeds you might also only checking your phone if you're waiting for a text or getting really into social media an intranet looking up and realizing an hour has passed so here's Apple's plan an i Phone function that helps you limit use of the apps you find take up too much of your time Craig Federighi Apple senior vice president of software engineering announced a feature at the company's worldwide developers conference you see an app where you might want to be spending a little bit less time well you can set your own lemon and then during the day when you're using the app you receive a helpful notification letting you know time is almost up I. Mean when she really just reached your limit instead of the app you'll see this is time to move on now what you grant your self an extension if you want we think this is going to be helpful for many people but especially for some kids according to Reuters ha of American teenagers believe they are addicted to their mobile phones. On a survey by the Lloyd found most foreign users check their device within 15 minutes of waking up though surprisingly author Jean Twenge supports the new feature it might mean that people look at social media less frequently and that they do you well it really should be used for which is to keep in touch with people all but then put it away and go see the most people in person or get them a phone call so here we have a company which depends on us loving our smartphones helping us avoid them why it might have something to do with a lesser Apple received in January 2 big investment groups between them holding 2000000000 dollars of Apple stock asked the firm to develop software that limits how long children can use their phones criticism has been fierce but tech firms are starting to respond Jonathan savage and that's all from us you are listening to the newsroom from the b.b.c. World Service with me and really are some pedo distribution of the b.b.c. World Service in the United States is made possible by American Public Media producer and distributor of award winning public radio content a.p.m. American Public Media with support from Home Advisor matching homeowners with home improvement professionals for a variety of home projects for a minor repairs to major remodels homeowners can read reviews of local pros and book appointments online at Home Advisor dot com Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer has said that the u.s. Must show strength if it's to have a summit with North Korea and achieve a concrete there a fireball enduring elimination of Kim Jong un's nuclear capabilities now that the summit is back on we ask Schumer to weigh in plus Apple c.e.o. Tim Cook on the tech giants future that's on the next morning edition. This morning starting at 5 am a 91.5 k. R.c.c. . The it's about the level of the chain so if you stir it up and hold it a foot or 2 away from your ear craving a little pacing quiet. Experience the sounds of an escape. That's hash with me. Coming up after the nice on the b.b.c. . B.b.c. News with Jonathan Izod the Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurtz says his country wants to act as a bridge between Moscow and the West as he prepares to welcome the Russian president Vladimir Putin His visit comes at a tense time with the e.u. Unhappy about Russia's involvement in Syria and Ukraine and the poisoning of a former Russian spy in Britain Iran has submitted a letter to the u.n. Nuclear agency the i.a.e.a. Officially informing it that it's beginning the process of increasing its uranium enrichment capacity however Iran's top nuclear official insisted the in Richmond would be within the rules of the nuclear agreement despite President Trump's pulling out of the deal last month the wife of the former prime minister of Malaysia has been questioned about her connection to a major corruption investigation attention focused on Ross my man saw after more than 400 handbags and expensive jewelry were discovered during raids on her homes members of parliament in Ethiopia have voted to lift the state of emergency which was imposed in February and was supposed to last the 6 months this follows a Cabinet decision to on Saturday to end it as the political situation improves after almost 3 years of anti-government protests. At least 9 people have been killed and several more wounded in 3 suicide bombings in the city of differ in the southeast in the Jack close to the border with Nigeria 2 of the suicide bombers were young women and the targets included a Qur'anic school. The speaker of Jordan's parliament has accused the outgoing government of rushing through a draft law to increase income tax Outtara Nay said the proposal must be withdrawn or presented to parliament which he said would reject it days of protests over the tax increase has prompted has prompted days of protests Qatar's foreign minister has told the b.b.c. That the blockade against the country has only made it more resilient he was speaking a year after Saudi Arabia the u.a.e. Bahrain and Egypt severed ties with Qatar and imposed a land air and maritime blockade on it b.b.c. News. a writer living in New York author of 0 Decibels The quest absolute silence it was just incredibly bloody noisy city and in the summer you've got hundreds and thousands of American destroyers all working at the same time like today and that's just a constant wishing sound. As a car alarm. Once and chanting every night. For I think questing coach has actually have a soft spot for noise making noise making sound being aggressive in terms of the sound you're making is male it's good it's business of sports it's the army we're out there were taking care of business and if we don't make noise. Then something's wrong and the people who are who don't talk or talk so back and think of compute with some suspicion they're untrustworthy the possibly from shock . You can get but bad. Once the loudest noise you'd hear in your lifetime was a comment beyond the pale of a chant about. Now we live in a sane sound machine speed of traffic ask eyes for the blind the hugs Thank the source the percent of my archive comes from habitats that no longer exists. Most of that was recorded from about 988 to the present so like for last 30 years ago Sonny crassest invited most of his life to recording the natural world. Has captured habitats to a life of the planet and is one of the founders of the failed to soundscape ecology . It's kind of hard for me to swing my old legs over the side of the bed in the morning and just get out of bed now because I'm faced with this void of natural sound that is just about everywhere and that's happening in Europe where 70 percent of the insect population is dropped off in places like Germany it's happening in the u.k. It's happening everywhere that I talk to people we live in a place in Northern California which has been extremely vibrant been terms of natural soundscapes birds and frogs and insects and so on and over the last several years since 2011 we've been experiencing a historic drought and. A lot of the soundscape is disappearing and I've actually recorded in 2015 a silent spring there was no bird sound whatsoever there were birds present but because of the trout there was absolutely no sound it was the weirdest thing that I've ever heard. Something that we could. Shut the hell up that's what we can do about it. In the us the national parks have this is trying to protect natural soundscapes bringing a little hush to the wild. Its natural sounds to Vision place microphones out in American parks and wild and seize. The recordings Taishi would see alive when. They wanted to human noise levels the drone of planes the Hollands of hikers the angry little wrist. And in between. Where the Wild sounds like when we're not all around to disrupt it. Sounds good acoustics I mean for Alaska so it's a lot of ground to cover but this is pretty much most of what I need to get the job done I've got a lot of my station David bet is one of the national parks have a soundscape specialist's 29 he's named after the American naturalist and we David to write tall and skinny with a wispy Bambi it and a nice happy saying holy smokes that when surprised do you always smile because he's been listening to the natural world ever since he was a little boy. I think my dad my probably camp together over 100 nights a kid all of them places state parks and Scott's and mostly you know. About under the stars and just to see if you can kind of peeking through the oak something and in the morning before it was even light my dad is a bird watcher and so had a lot of times he'd be pulling our birds when we're still in our sleep or made in our whole body exit up into raising you say oh you feared such and such this were you know whatever it might be you have the So. Spero. Not to think about it that was reformatted to me to be able to have a really thrilling experience with just my fears a little. What I do as I put up a recording unit in the park and I'll let it run for about a month at a time and we come back we see a boat how much noise the Syria gets and so you try to manage things like aviation flight routes and some of the bus noise removing a propane buses to make them a little quieter things like that so they do all science for their us and they have a great i.q. And they are you really have to get. The park service has never documented a day and lower $48.00 contiguous states without a combustion engine so there's always been some human noise in every day up in Alaska it still happens it's rare but it happens we're rich in that quietude and solitude and a lot of my work is just making sure it doesn't slip away. It's about riveting down a point in space and time that's like this is what it was like it still existed that opportunity and that freedom still existed we're essentially trying to hold the line keep it as good as it is now and not let it slip they've it's based into Nonny National Park about 4 hours north of an Creech in the heart of Alaska. 6000000 acres of wilderness bisected I single right a vast space of spruce forest and pine tundra and snowy mountains I'm to momma and snowshoe hands Leeson care of. The bands who. One time you don't want to go to quietly is when you in bad temper treat it out like to be snuck up on and found going to come up with your own fear of. Life because the standard is just a bear like our Hey Bear I don't act like that but you can say whatever you want to . Thank you thank. You. We're actually she just about to head out of the Shrub line so it's amazing how quickly you can just rarefied up to bare rock and the Alaska Range. David regularly hikes out to distant location seemed to instill recording stations the National Park Service. So we're up on a mountain bench up on cathedral mountain covered carpeted and Green Mountain even and blue berries and off over in the distance we've got a rugged crumble the rock face that's full of old igneous rocks gold for crumbling apart eroding down the mountain dew. For weather today it's clear and you've got a few scattered clouds you know brisk but pleasant breeze. And I got my hands it's going to be 130240 seconds. And again 130245 so once the stations out the coding we see in the show to 0 fringe will have bright pink fire weight on the side of the mountain all the flowers have been pollinated really at this point they're putting fruit on birds of Verde bread and they're raising the young. Sort of a time of year where the really the biggest thing that everything's got to do is just grow up. And it's time for what David coups a time when your magical way you just lie down. That's one way you can do it yeah so now it's like you want to pick blueberries and just let you blueberries for the while and you know it's great but let's find a way to spend an afternoon. I. When I feel stressed including Just that had enough of it all I just go into the forest and listen to sounds and if I can't do that I turn on the recordings that I made and just listen to things that are my favorites and all of them are my favorites I just you know it depends on my mood where I want to go. With the rhythm of the living world around you. There's a Japanese word which has to do with not just silence but everything that happens with silence in Japan you can actually have people getting together as they did in Tokyo 2 years ago near a pond gathered around a lotus blossom and the idea was to listen to a blooming and of course you couldn't listen to it doesn't make any noise the point was when you listen to the stuff comes in and at the heart of it there's a sense that you want to open yourself to everything that might show up. It's also I think a portal into. The things that we're not expecting the things that make has uncertain or scared the elements see ideas the input that is not planned for. Which is in terms of how you think in terms of its at least as important as everything that you think you know. What is some of that classic. And ephemeral sound but definitely classic is the wood frog because as soon as the lakes become liquid water they're breeding and so there's still ice on the edges of these lakes and they kind of have a gun rap and they can form and really dense chorus where it's almost impossible to tell apart individual frogs. How. They can sort of keep themselves from stepping on each other's toes imagine this or under Jack themselves rapidly. Recruit. And you just make this incredibly interlocks chorus need to hear. No the park was created for doll sheep and they have these great guttural just the Rams make sounds a bit sounds a bit like on belching old man a kind or for all kind of it says really guttural extreme sound. Her. When we lived much more closely connected to the natural world when we lived in the forests and plains of Africa for example we were much more aware of the environment around us there wasn't noise that distracted us we were part of that world we thought of ourselves the part of that world so to connect with this animal world with these strange choices that night and even during the day time. We mimic them to try to engage at their level. And it was out of the structures of sound that we learned from the natural world that we got our music and dance and language. The imitation of these animals came 1st we were very good at that. No list of iconic Alaskan sounds would be complete without the sound of the wall. The reverberations of some of these will howls are just incredible and they have this ability you know when they're calling themselves the solitary quality where it almost sounds mournful or of something I don't know what it is it really evokes like a lonely ness it's quite nice 'd. You As a musician and begin hearing natural soundscapes as a cohesive fabric of sounds channel finding its own bandwidth to vocalize and because if they don't they can't be heard if they're masked by other creatures sleep can't be heard. Just. Amazing choruses during May and June birds singing in these complicated ways probably been what friends with lots of different species to gather which is even more magical and silent. About a 3rd of the park's low country where the birds rejoice and you know by the millions come to raise their young It's incredible. There's a great idea of the Don chorus as a phenomena that essentially ripples around the Earth as the sun is rising which are to think about it it has been doing that for millions of years it's made of a sink. Her. Kind of an unusual twist as we have all the shore birds that come a nest up high. Elp and tundra and they are really spending time on the beaches you know some of these birds are now beaches in California and things like that that come up and men nest in the mountains so there's a place you can go in Denali sequencers ridges that have a really rich life of all these different types of shorebirds. So an interesting thing about them is they don't learn their songs and calls from other birds just her name they have it so your song Where's your sparrows and robins and things like that they learn from other birds around and so they change pretty fast so I like culture because the server they just can't hold onto it and because of that they change pretty slow they evolve very slowly paleontological researchers of estimated that the sounds are conserved in evolutionary sense for almost 10000000 years are around that time which is a long time for something about to change it's a very steadfast sound and when you when you kind of think about it the mounds are sitting in right now are about 6000000 years old so he sounds connect us with a time before humans even existed. It's kind of new or did he it is this it is auditory time travel you know. Every habitat on the planet is unique in terms of its fois just like your voice and my voice when we hear these sounds were transported to a rain forest or to the Antarctic but each one of these has its own acoustic texture to it do you feel any hope for the future this sort of. I always have hope and just not sure that it's borne out by what I'm seeing around me. Ask yourself do you know anybody who remembers a time before there were combustion engines we're in an era of humanity where our collective memory of what life was like before combustion engines is rapidly leaving the Earth. Is really important thing to remember that it doesn't have to be noisy like this it hasn't been for most of our history but this is a choice this is what we could write yeah. Yeah and there's a lot of people who are coming up with amazing things like this some in the partnered with the Park Service to test the noise output of these new electric aircraft that they're creating. Well there are several things about noise management that actually work in our favor the 1st is that there is no residue so the moment that we're able to reduce the noise sources the environment realizes an immediate benefit it may take the animals in that environment a little while to to recover and begin using the habitat again but sound levels are something that we can change immediately we just have to do something about the source that 1st job chief in science and technology for the natural sense division the other promising development is that many forms of transportation will become a lot quieter as we transition to electric propulsion so electric cars electric trucks and eventually perhaps even electric aircraft will have much much lower noise levels than the vehicles we currently drive so we have been working with a university team to explore how much quieter electric aircraft can be and the initial measurements we made indicated that electric aircraft that is for small air to aircraft that electric aircraft could be a 1000 times quieter than the current models being used that's not quite quiet have to be inaudible from the ground but it's getting very very close so it's conceivable that within my lifetime we'll at least have air to our aircraft that could be seen but not heard Think about how loud you Voices think about how loud your car is think about how loud the place is you show one of those things yes exactly right. People with early stage breast cancer chemotherapy a major new study suggests maybe not they might beat the disease without it for many cancer patients deciding whether to endure chemo is one of the toughest choices they'll ever make how might this new research help I'm Joshua Johnson That's next time. 18 to day at 10 am on 91.5 k. R.c.c. Southern Colorado's n.p.r. Station. Looking for something to do in the $91.00 k. Or c c listening area check out our community calendar link at k r c c r g and you can also submit your event there as well. This is southern Colorado's n.p.r. Station k. Or c c k or c c h d Colorado Springs. Starkville and k w c c f m Woodland Park streaming at k. Or c c dot org pool.