Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why we are your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Ank you. From the tisch wnet studios at Lincoln Center in new york, hari sreenivasan. Sreenivasan good evening and thanks for joining us. In orlando, it is a weekend for Memorial Services and funerals for the 49 People Killed in the pulse nightclub last sunday. Today, 19 of the 53 survivors shot by omar mateen remain in the hospital, four of them in critical condition. The f. B. I. , which twice investigated and cleared mateen, has said he was neither trained nor directed by any foreign terrorist organization. But we now know mateen declared his allegiance to isis in facebook postings before his attack and in calls to 911 and a local tv news station during his threehour standoff with police, who then killed him. President obama used his weekly address today to call for new laws to restrict access to the type of semiautomatic rifle mateen used to end and tear apart so many lives. Being tough on terrorism, particularly the sorts of homegrown terrorism that weve seen now in orlando and san bernardino, means making it harder for people who want to kill americans to get their hands on assault weapons that are capable of killing dozens of innocents as quickly as possible. Sreenivasan the senate is scheduled to vote monday on four gun control proposals. Gaining momentum is a compromise proposed by republican Susan Collins of maine that would outlaw guns sales to anyone on the governments no fly list. In belgium, fearing an imminent terrorist attack, police raided homes in and around brussels today, initially detained twelve suspects, and have now charged three, releasing the rest. Belgian Officials Say the suspects charged were planning an attack in brussels, linked to the european soccer championships in neighboring france. Their targets allegedly included places where fans gathered to watch belgiums match today with ireland. Prime minister Charles Michel said the country would remain extremely vigilant. translated so the message that we want to pass is one of determination, a message of serenity, a message of calm. All the scheduled events in the coming days will go on, with added security measures. Sreenivasan belgian officials did not link todays arrests to the isis terror attacks on the Brussels Airport and a train station three months ago. The man accused of murdering a british member of parliament made his First Court Appearance today in london. Authorities believe thomas mair shot and stabbed jo cox to death on a street in broad daylight on thursday, because of her position for the u. K. To stay in the European Union. In court today, mair gave his name as, death to traitors, freedom for britain, unquote. Following the cox assassination, Campaign Rallies for and against britains continued membership in the 28nation European Union remain suspended until monday. For more on whats at stake in the referendum, i am joined by wall street journal reporter jenny gross. So, how now weve had a couple of days. How big of an impact was the murder of jo cox on this whole process . I think it completely changes the game. In the days ahead of the murder, the political rhetoric had gotten increasingly intense and, you know, bitter, including personal attacks. And i think, you know, everyone is just so devastated after the murder of jo cox, and its definitely given a reset to the tone. Sreenivasan you have the polls saying one direction. You have the oddsmakers going in a different direction. It seems like its a bit up in the air what could happen on thursday. Up until last, we the polls had shown they were neck and mech, but the jermaine side had been generally a little bit ahead, but last week a change, and there were several polls that put the leed side ahead. Its too soon to say what impact the tragic death of jo cox will have on the referendum. But from the words that the man accused said in court today tdefinitely seems like its something that might have been politically motivated, which could have an impact on the referendum if hes i mean, the politicians now are focusing on unity and not divisions. Sreenivasan what are the economic consequences . Say the vote happens, and britain says, were going to leave. There is not kind of an immediate change on friday. Its going to take a while. Thats right. It will take several it could take several years to renegotiate the u. K. s relationship with the e. U. , but its a huge point of contention. On the one side, people who want the u. K. To stay in the e. U. , say its going to reek economic chaos not only to markets in the u. K. , and eu. , but across the world. The government will have lost a lot of money and will have less money for public spending and Public Services like health care. It will really hit brittons in the pocket. There was a treasury report that said britons will be 4,000 worse off. People advocating for britains exit says the u. K. Will be much better off economically if it can forge its own trade relationships with developing countries like brazil or china and wont have to use the e e. As a conduit to that. Sreenivasan and the migrant crise, the as a matter of fact its had on the European Union, and by extension into britain. I think one of the main reasons people want to leave the e. U. Is because of immigration. People are concerned about the fact that the u. K. Only has limited control of its borders because of the e. U. Anyone with an e. U. Passport can live or work in any country. The u. K. Has seen an increase over the years. There are people in small towns that, you know, have a lot of that now have seen a huge increase in the number, particularly eastern europeans, and they feel that england is losing its sense of englishness. Sreenivasan what about the political consequences here . What happens to David Cameron if the vote doesnt go his way . There are so many unknowns in this, and this is one of the big ones. If the vote doesnt go his way, a lot of experts and political commentators say that he is going to resign, and that looks likely since he said he would have resigned if scotland vote forward independence. So i mean, its going it will put him in a very strange position because he has spent months advocating that britain stays in the e u, and the people reject his vision for the country, theres a lot at stake for him and his legacy. Sreenivasan jenny gross of the wall street journal, thank you for joining us. Thank sreenivasan egypt has sentenced to death six of its own citizens, including three journalists, for passing Egyptian National security documents to qatar and the al jazeera network, which is headquartered in qatars capital, doha. Two of the journalists worked for al jazeera but were not in court. The court said during the rule of ousted president mohammed morsi, the defendants leaked documents to qatari intelligence that exposed the location of weapons held by the Egyptian Armed forces. Morsi and two of his former aides were also convicted and received 25year prison terms. The Egyptian Military deposed morsi three years ago. He has been sentenced to death in another case, which he is appealing. In california, firefighters have contained 25 of a wildfire that has burned more than 7,000 acres. Fueled by 90 degree temperatures and strong winds, the blaze in Santa Barbara county has tripled in size since it began wednesday, forcing authorities to shut down a major freeway the past two nights. About 300 homes are considered at risk, california firefighters have already fought more than 1,800 wildfires this year. Wildfires have also broken out in colorado, new mexico, and arizona, where temperatures are expected to near a record 120 degrees in phoenix. In an active shooter emergency, could lights save lives . Hear from the lighting designers debating this issue on our website at pbs. Org newshour. Sreenivasan the ongoing refugee crisis in europe is fueled mainly by syrias civil war, but it is being felt even more acutely in the countries bordering syria, turkey, lebanon, and jordan. According to the International Organization of migration, jordan alone has taken in more than 700,000 syrians, nearly one in 10 People Living in jordan right now is a refugee. While many Syrian Refugees are in need and depend on jordans government for basic necessities, some have become entrepreneurial in order to survive. In tonights signature segment, special correspondent amy guttman reports from jordan. Reporter an hours drive from jordans capital of amman, this familyowned pastry shop, called farouk sweets, looks like a typical middle eastern bakery. Customers stock up on pastries for the weekend. In the back, five bakers are busy filling large wedding orders. Whats unusual is that this shop is inside zaatari, the largest syrian refugee camp in the world, spread over three square miles of desert. Opened by the jordanian government and the United Nations in 2012, zaatari lies just across the border with syria. 80,000 people used to live in tents and now live in shelters made from corrugated metal containers called caravans. When they first arrived, refugees thought they would be here a week, maybe a month. No even though theyre less than 10 miles from home, refugees have had to recreate their lives here. That means for many, opening up small businesses, just like they did back home. The pastry shop is one of 3,000 businessed in the camp. Many line the main road. Theres a supermarket, a pizza place, a falafel stand, a gardening shop, and a store to rent bridal gowns. Abuelmenaem abu hesenih and his Four Brothers own farouk sweets. There is Good Opportunity to work here. Thursday, friday, and monday are busiest, because at that time, theyre celebrating weddings. Reporter his family abandoned their chain of bakeries when they fled their besieged hometown of daraa, in southern syria. Twothirds of the refugees in zaatari are also from there. Abu hesenih and some twodozen relatives have opened four shops inside the camp. Their business is about financial and psychological survival. We get up every morning at 6 oclock to escape the situation were in. We have to work. Reporter theres a long history of trade between jordanians and syrians, cemented by Strong Family ties. Jordanians have partnered with Syrian Refugees providing them credit and wholesale supplies to start over. In addition to whatever funds they brought with them, the u. N. Provides refugees vouchers to pay for cooking and heating gas, as well as 28 a month per per person to pay for food. Thats 140 a month for a family of five. That money helps refugees buy products from shops in the camp. The most popular attract local customers from nearby towns. Some jordanian partners are even exporting goods produced in the camp. Jordanians, they come and buy from here. Taxi drivers pick up sweets to take outside, and all the syrians that live outside the camp, for weddings, they make orders and pick up their sweets from here. Reporter according to the u. N. Businesses inside zaatari generate 13 million a month for the refugees and the jordanians they do business with. Mohammed khaer al jokadar opened a barber shop in the camp two years ago to support himself and 14 relatives who fled syria with him. Ever since it opened, ive had customers and business has been okay. Nobody can go without a haircut. Its like water and food. Reporter al jokadar and his family are from homs, previously syrias Third Largest city. Our house was destroyed, so for us, we have nothing left in syria. Reporter initially, al jokader and his family settled in amman four years ago, but he couldnt work legally outside the camp then, so he moved to zaatari, where theres free electricity and housing and better opportunities to use his skills. We need to generate an income in the camp. You can make some money. Reporter the u. N. Also pays some refugees to do jobs around the camp. Al jokader paints murals on caravans. Beyond the camps, in jordans cities, the government has loosened employment restrictions on refugees and is investing in industries syrians are skilled in construction, agriculture, manufacturin, and technology. Oasis 500, a Jordanian Company that mentors and invests in tech startups, has recruited syrian entrepreneurs to come to jordan and participate in their mentoring program. Moe ghashim was one of them. Hes s from syrias most hes s from syrias most populous city, aleppo he ran his own Web Design Agency with a dozen employee. Things started to become ugly back then in syria. It was basically booming, a lot of startups. Reporter five years ago, with seed money from oasis 500, he launched shopgo, an ecommerce platform helping businesses in the region process payments, something he learned to do in the us, while paying his way through college. He now has 300 clients. Were in dubai, were in amman, we are now subcontracting others. We have subcontractors in the u. K. , subcontractors in the u. S. Years ago i just wanted 10,000, that was it, to survive. We raised over 3 million in funding so far. Reporter 25 of ghashims employees are jordanian. Seven are syrian. The integrated workforce is intentional. Im very proud of how were trying to Work Together as a community. The team thatted with me brought their families here. Some of them married jordanians, we have to survive. Reporter today, ghashim lives in amman with an office overlooking an upscale shopping mall, building a future for himself, while aleppo is ravaged by war. I feel im jumping between these two lives, two movies tha terkically i dont. Sreenivasan not every syrian refugee has the skills, the capital or the connections to support themselves. Jords government cob tends refugees are depleting a quarter of its annual budgets. In mafra, the population has doubled to 200,000 the hai al dubat school for girls has shortened class times and lengthened school days to accommodate syrian children. Jordanian kids come in the morning, and syrians in the afternoon. Alia aku shaydah is the principal. Sometimes the jordanians feel that the syrians are coming in and taking their seats, their desks. Reporter nationwide, 50,000 syrian children are on waiting lists to attend jordanian schools. In addition to double shifts, aku shaydah says she and her staff are dealing with many syrian kids traumatized by war. They were very aggressive at first. They were very violent, and they would break things perches, window. But now they are a lot calmer. We are patient with them reporter jordan is committed to educating refugee children, says imad fakhoury, jordans minister of planning and international cooperation. We in jordan, for example, very early on believed that we cannot afford to have a lost syrian generation. Syrian boys and girls that dont go for schools for 5 6, 7, 10 years. Theyll be left vulnerable to radicalization. Reporter jord has received 1. 5 billion from the European Union with another four billion in International Aid pledged to help Syrian Refugees. Minister fakhoury believes the eu is essentially paying jordan to keep refugees in jordan. The reality is we are at a saturation point. We are fatigued as a nation. You can count on a country like jordan to do this for five years, but this is the sixth year. Theres no end in sight. It will take years before the refugees can go back safely. Enough is enough. Reporter fakhoury believes more aid is needed to fulfill the idea that if the lives of Syrian Refugees improve in jordan, theyll be less likely to migrate to europe. Were very interested that the syrians remain close to their country, they they will have the chance one day to go back and build it and reconstruct it. Reporter thats exactly what abuelmenaem abu hesenih and his brothers want to do once the war ends. Right away, we gl back, and in this place, well sell, but we will not stay here a minute longer. Sreenivasan in Jordans Zaatari refugee camp, a syrian photographer wants to help other refugees tell their stories through art. Read more at pbs. Org newshour. Sreenivasan president obama plans to cut the 10,000 u. S. Troops in afghanistan almost by half before he leaves office next january. But this week, the u. S. Led Nato Alliance approved a plan to keep bases open and a troop presence in afghanistan well into next year, in part to train and equip afghan forces. The debate over the military mission, now in its 15th year, comes at a time when the al qaedaallied taliban controls more territory in afghanistan than at any time since the u. S. Invasion deposed the group after 9 11. Joining me now from washington to discuss the nato and u. S. Troop commitments is reuters reporter phil stewart. Phil, how much of this is facing the reality that the taliban are as strong as they are, regardless of how many troops we have in there . Thats exactly it. I think whats happening right now is theres a recognition that the taliban are much stronger than previous assumptions and that the United States at some level has to remain in the country, probably at a stronger left than it had thought. Certainly, obamas already upended some of his plans that would have seen the United States going to an embassybased presence starting next year. Thats no longer in the cawrdz. What were look at now is how much of a nato presence is really necessary and how much can really help after so many years of war and so many years of military engagement has failed to really pollster the n. S. F. , the afghan National Security forces, to the degree people had hoped. Sreenivasan what about any potential on the diplomatic front . That seems to have kind of fizzled away. Just a couple weeks ago, rein, we were reporting a key leader of the taliban had been killed and a new one had been ordered to replace him. Thats exactly right. I think there was some talk initially after the u. S. Drone strike across the border from afghanistan, just inside pakistan, against the leader of the Afghan Taliban. And when that leader of the taliban was removed, some people thought maybe it would be good for peace talks. Maybe it will breathe new life into these kind of moribund peace efforts. But, really, it hasnt materialized. Serious thinkers in afghanistan dont think theres going to be any new peace effort any time soon, and the new leader of the Afghan Taliban has all but ruled out any engagement. Sreenivasan nato referenced connection to the refugee crisis. If they start to destabilize faster, those refugees could figure out a way to get to europe. I think the migration issue hasnt be underestimated in europe right now. Its the top concern. Its the top issue. You saw the British Defense secretary fallon bringing this up this week in brussels. I was there and he was making the connection between europes migration concerns and the afghan conflict and saying if there was a complete collapse in afghanistan, that you could see another influx. After seeing a failed state in syria, the fallout from that conflict, the last thing europe wants is another influx of migrants, refugees, and theyre really saying this is a good investment to make now. Lets stay the course. Lets not walk away from afghanistan. The question is what will happen between now and the sum or between now and the beginning of next year . Both the the u. S. Troop presence and the commitment of nato allies, who appear increasingly ready to state course in afghanistan despite so many years of engagement. Sreenivasan how much of this ends up on the next president s desk . Thats exactly right, yeah. I mean, whoever gets elected next year is it going to be inheriting a very long war that shows no signs of ending. And the Afghan Security forces, despite some improvements and the military commanders are talking about those improvements, still face a very resilient, a very troublesome taliban enemy. Last year, there was a report to the pentagon, gave a report to congress that showed casualties among the Afghan Security forces spiked 27 last year and their air force is still a long way from being capable, despite gaining aircraft and having Real Progress in some areas of the afghan military. Theyre a loang way from being able to do this on their own. I think whatever happens between now and when president obama leaves office, there will be a lot left on the plate of the next president at any force level. Sreenivasan phil stewart from reuters. Thanks so much for joining us. Thank you. This is pbs newshour weekend, saturday. Sreenivasan in surveys of the greatest rock in rolls sons of all time, led zeppelins 1971 recording of stairway to heaven is usually near the top. But this week in a federal court in los angeles, a jury began hearing evidence and testimony about whether the band may have lifted part of the song from a more obscure group. The newshours Phil Hirschkorn has more. Reporter the opening, Acoustic Guitar chords to stairway to heaven are instantly recognizable to classic rock fans. Representatives of the band spirit allege the genesis of that passage is this instrumental, called taurus, released three years earlier. At stake in the trial is the reputation of one of rocks seminal bands, and millions of dollars. The estate of spirit songwriter randy wolfe, who died in 1997, is seeking songwriting credit and royalties. But the plaintiffs say led zeppelin may have heard the song at concerts where they shared the bill in the late 1960s. The jury is not expected to hear the actual recordings. Led zeppelin guitarist jimmy page testified he owned spirit albums but never heard taurus until two years ago, when the suit was filed. The jury is not expected to hear the actual recordings. Instead, a musician may play versions of the songs from the copyrighted sheet music. Led zeppelin has been accused before of borrowing other peoples music for other big hits like dazed and confused and whole lotta love, settling those cases by sharing songwriting credit and paying royalties. With continued radio play, online streaming, album sales, and digital downloads, a plaintiffs expert testified royalties from stairway to heaven in the past three years alone were 60 million. Sreenivasan finally, another baby with a grandparent running for president. Former first daughter Chelsea Clinton gave bit, to a boy. She and her husband have named him aiden. Hillary and bill clinton said theyre thrilled to be grandparents again. Chelsea and her husband also have a 21yearold named charlotte. Ivanka trump gave birth to her third child and trumps eighth grandchild. Thats all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend. Have a good night. Im hari sreenivasan. Captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org pbs newshour weekend is made possible by lewis b. And Louise Hirschfeld cullman. Bernard and irene schwartz. Judy and josh weston. The cheryl and Philip Milstein family. The citi foundation. Supporting innovation and enabling urban progress. The john and Helen Glessner family trust. Supporting trustworthy journalism that informs and inspires. Sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why we are your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Narrator as we celebrate the success of downton abbey, the tradition of great drama carries on sunday nights on pbs. Now watch a special preview of the new drama programs that are coming soon to your pbs station, including a whole summer of intrigue on masterpiece mystery, with your favorite detectives tackling their toughest cases. Stay tuned for pbs previews the best of drama. Pbs previews the best of drama was made possible in part by contributions to your pbs stations from viewers like you. Thank you. [cheering]ard rock musi] yup . [distorted voice] Danny Hillier . Whos this . If you want a real story, you should ask the police what is happening in the eurotunnel