Week of news. All that and more on tonights pbs newshour. Ws ur major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Lincoln financial is committed to helping you take charge of your future. Supporting socialci entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. The ford foundation. Working with visionaries on the frontlines of social changein worldwide. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. This program was mades possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. Ro and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. N thank you. Woodruff donald trump is winding down another tough weekk in the president ial race, as new polls now put him behind by double digits in several keyit states. His staffers were meeting with officials of the Republican National committee today. And in erie, pennsylvania, theri candidate himself sounded upbeat a day after acknowledging his campaign wasgn having trouble. We have to win pennsylvania. We win pennsylvania, were goin, to win it. You know, were up in florida, were doing well in ohio, and i am hearing were doing well here. Well find out. Woodruff trump also insisted again he was being sarcastic in saying that president obama founded the Islamic State group. And then, he added, but not that sarcastic. Meanwhile, Democrat Hillary Clinton reported she and former president clinton made 10. 6 million in income last year. R. They paid about 34 in federal taxes. Well return to the campaign, after the news summary. In the days other news the pentagon confirms tonight that a u. S. Drone attack has killed a top Islamic State leader in afghanistan. Is hafiz saeed khan died in a strike on july 26th. The state department designated him a global terrorist lastro year. Bombings rocked resort towns across Southern Thailand today, killing at least four people and wounding dozens more. Coordinated attacks hit six sites, including the Popular Island of phuket. Harry smith, of independent television news, reports. Reporter the Authorities Say they were small explosions from improvised devices, but still deadly in their impact. Some filled with ball bearingsin and other shrapnel designed to cause maximum casualties. Many set off were nearly as busy with tourists at times when thet might have been out enjoying the night life. The blasts also coincided with the National Holiday to celebrate the birthday of thailands queen. Ai the object was to hit theth countrys tourist trade. It made an immediate impact. I couldnt believe it. I felt sick. I was absolutely speechless. I just dont know how to feel. Ho i thought like that i was going to come to this place and feel safe. I mean its astonishing whats happening in little hua hin. Its a place where tourism, and especially this weekend with the queens birthday, its supposed to be a place for celebration. Reporter perhaps to reassure the thousands who visit thailane each year, police were quick to insist this was not an attack connected to any global terror network. K. Insisting instead it was the work of local insurgents. We are working roundthe clock in order to identify the suspects and also the motives behind the scenes. Reporter insurgent groups in the historically muslim south of thailand have a longrunningso campaign for an independent Islamic State. Its often been violent, thousands have been killed, but it has never before targeted tourist areas. The attacks came just a week after the thais voted in a referendum to strengthen the powers of the ruling military regime. The authorities have stepped up security checks at all tourist destinations, and european embassies have advised their nationals to be vigilant. Woodruff there was no immediate claim of responsibility. Bi the man that turkeys government blames for a coup attempt, is calling for an International Investigation before he will agree to return. Turkish leaders want the u. S. To extradite muslim cleric fethullah gulen, who lives in pennsylvania. Writing today in the french newspaper, le monde, gulen said in russia president Vladimir Putin fired his right hand man today as part of an ongoing shakeup of his inner circle. Longtime ally Sergei Ivanov was dropped from his post as chief of staff. Hed been one of the most influential figures in russia and was once considered a likely successor to putin. But today, the russian president said he made the decision atec ivanovs request. translated we have been working together for many years and it was successful work. Wo im happy with how you have handled the tasks. I understand your desire to choose another line of work. Woodruff in the past year, putin has replaced several of his more powerful allies with younger officials. Back in this country, the u. S. Department of health and Human Services has declared a Public Health emergency in puerto rico over the zika virusn the island has more than 10,000 cases, and the Surgeon General warned that 25 of the population will be infected by years end. Zika is linked to severe birth defects. New data shows the cost of expanding medicaid under the Affordable Care act is almost 50 higher than projected. Up to ten million lowincome americans have been added to medicaid rolls so far. But the agency overseeing the effort says its running nearly 6,400 a person. That could make it much more difficult to expand medicaid in 19 states that have not yet done so. Wall street closed out the week with a subpar session, after weak data on retail sales. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 37 points to close at 18,576. The nasdaq rose four points, and the s p 500 dropped a point. For the week, all three indexes gained a fraction of a point. And, at the summer olympics an upset today in womens soccer. The u. S. Team lost to sweden in the quarterfinals on a penalty shootout after regulation play ended in a tie. The american women had won gold in the last three olympics. Still to come on the newshour how republican officials are dealing with donald trump, six lives that reflect the fracturing of the middle east, triumphs and heartbreaks at the rio olympics, and much more. Woodruff donald trump continues to drive division in the Republican Party as new polls having him losing ground in key swing states. We dig into the state of the race with robert costa, National Political reporter with the washington post. Robert costa, welcome back to the program. First of all, we know reince priebus, chairman of the Republican Party, made a point of introducing Donald Trumpp today when he spoke i in erie, pennsylvania. But at the same time the polls have beenbu slipping for mr. Trump, there has been an string of these controversial statements. Is this party worried . T judy, good to be with you. The relationship between thewe Party Chairman and the g. O. P. Standard bearer remain the pivotal one within the g. O. P. , and my sources say priebus traveled from new york to erie, pennsylvania to make sure hee show cased his unity to donald trump as some people at the partyos upper level say maybe its time to distance reps especially in swing states fromm donald trump. Priebus says today thats not true, the party is sticking with the nominee. Woodruff what sort of pressure is there on the Republican Party, on the leadership of the party too either work with donald trump or to distance themselves from him . At the r. N. C. Level, theyre intertwined, the Trump Campaign and r. N. C. When it comes to fundraising. House republicans have a 59 seat majority. Some members are edgy, uncomfortable about what trump could mean for them especially if they are in a swing district in. The senate, you have states like pennsylvania where trump was today. Mark kirk in illinois, kelly ayote in new hampshire. Theyre facing tough races this fall and how they align with trump is becoming their key strategic decision. Woodruff we heard donald trump himself acknowledge hes having problems in important swing states like ohio, like florida, but even in a reliably republican state like utah, what is that telling you, somebody whos been covering politics for some time, and what does it say to reps who are watching this race so closely . Utah is a particularly case. L you have a senator that comes from utah, temperamentally the mormon population dont really like donald trump according toco most polls. Some evangelicals, Hillary Clinton is gaining in a state like georgia. G trump has been so rough and tumble for so long, it turns some swing voters off theso according to my sources in the t Trump Campaign, trump is adamann that he will not change, that he want to continue to run a campaign from the gut on his instincts. Woodruff and what does that mean, robert . E does that mean we can expect to hear comments like the ones in the last few days, the Second Amendment comment that some people took to mean he was threatening Hillary Clinton . And more recently the hillary e comment Hillary Clinton and president clinton found at i. S. I. S. He likes to be the outsider, someone whos brash and bold in his mind, but he takes risks in his comments by being out there a little bit. The party hopes he can control more of his incendiary remarks but still have the outsider appeal which they think is trumps really only path to the white house to make these swing voters and working class voterss who are disengaged from theom system feel like maybe they have a candidate for themselves. Woodruff weve seen a number of prominent republicans like senator Susan Collins of main come out and maine come out and say they couldnt support donald trump. Pp there was a letter from Foreign Policy experts in the Republican Party. T another letter went from the r. N. C. From republicans sayingin we dont want you to spend as much money on donald trump, we want you to spend money on these other races. Is this the kind of thing that the Party Leadership has to worry about or can they just ignore it all . Oh, theyre not ignoring itit at all, judy. One of the things trump is facing he is does not have an institutional history within the Republican Party. He doesnt have the relationships going back years that have sustained other nominees in past cycles when theyve had a patch of rough poll numbers. A lot of republicans on capitol hill and elsewhere says if trump is going to lose the general election, maybe its time to walk away in a full way, put the money to the down ballot racesac that are more vulnerable. But trump insists the r. N. C. Is still going to work with him and priebus was there today but this all happened as conversations are circulating within the party that maybe trump isnt going to win and things have to be done. Woodruff robert costa with the washington post, we thanko you very much. C thank you. Woodruff now, to the middle east and a conversation about the chaos, calamity and political dissolution that now envelopes the region. Hari sreenivasan in new york has that. Sreenivasan the last five years of tumult in the middle east defy easy explanations. Revolutions that began with much hope in early 2011 have evolved into disaster in places like syria and libya and led to political upheaval andph repression in egypt. In iraq the americanled war that began in 2003 has morphed into a manyside conflict that has once again brought america back into the fight there and in syria. Caught in the middle, millions of people whose lives have been upended, an attempt to capturec in part the story of this cataclysmic time comes now journalist Scott Anderson and photographer whose work captures the entire issue of miamis magazine. The big thesis in a nutshell. I wanted to tell the broade story of how we got here, to a degree where we might be headed next and to tell this story, i needed to focus in on people. Eo sreenivasan one of the characters you focus on in iraq is so compelling, a young womann who was working for the c. P. A. , provisional authority, tell us about her arc now. Shes from a provincial town in southern iraq from a shia family. When the americans invaded in 2003, she heard the talk of demock signed human rights and womens empowerment that the c. P. A. Was talking about she became an instant convert,on worked for the c. P. A. And when americans left, she was stranded on the beach. She continued thech work, receid Death Threats in the militias and compiled in jordan. In the last six months, she joined the migrant exodus to europe. So now she and one of her sisters are living in a little town in austria and they have been given asylum and theyre going to start going to university in september. Sreenivasan te you find these characters at their bridge, theyre crossing over, something that changed their lives forever, not just the overall invasion but something specific that happened in each one of their lives. There is an egyptian character you focus on, an activist. T shes a math professor at the university, activist since the 1970s, leftist, feminist, and she and her husband who is now deceased were probably the most certainly the most common political dissidentl couple in egypt. Up sreenivasan and their sonon was in the family business, too. And their son and two daughters got in the family business. Layla in 2007 was on the front lines. She saw the danger in existing political forces. Ex they were slow to consolidate, and she saw the danger of the military coming back in and two of her children are in prison for protesting against the government. Sreenivasan this was part. Of the ripple of the arab spring. We saw it spreading like wildlife across wildfire across the region and three or fours later not much change, in fact some things are worse off. I think what happened in a w lot of the countries is there wasnt a consensus. These dictators have been around for so long and when they did fall, people tended to fall back on their tribal or sectarian alegions that a lot of these countries had always been the peoples primary allegiance, anyway. Libya, syria iraq, these are all artificial nations created by the western powers at the end of world war i. When the strong man goes, you have no tradition of democracy. No tradition of political expression, lets not even talk about democracy. O you know, what happens . What takes its place . La sreenivasan in the initial carving up, you say there wasnt much attention paid to who is kurdistan, who are that i recall loyalties to, what is the rest of iraq and should this be part of the country. Right. I think it was the same strategy the colonial powers used in sub saharan africa. You empower a local tribe or ethnic group or religious group to operate as your local overseers. So the majority is never going to rebel against them, and theyre not going to rebel against you because they will be taken over by the majority. Aj this is a pattern that existed throughout the region. Reporter you begin and end your story with one of your characters from kurdistan. In tend he says iraq is gone, syria is gone, it is our turn now. They wanted a larger kurdish land. He sees no future living amongst arabs, so he sees this as a Golden Moment in his mind to rid the area, to basically ethnically cleanse the entire kurdistan of the arab population that moved in, and this goes to this idea that people think, oh, why dont we start bifurcatingf these countries and they can go back to their little homelands. Well, everyone is so mixed , in how far down do you start subdividing it . Sreenivasan one of theas things i noticed in this article, you dont just say thit is a shiasunni problem which is a westerneastern way to look at the middle east and say theyre in cahoots and they will overthrow this. Ov no, and its so much more complicated. Enjoined to the idea of how you subdivide it. In iraq, there is lots of very large tribes that have a sunni and shia component. So if you tried a sunnishia division, what happens to that tribe . You know, there are issues with going back a couple thousand years. You know, and, so, when people start looking at like a kind of a quick solution to any of thisi i think its just in for a really long, very rocky road throughout the region. Eg and finally, syria you have multiple characters, we just got to a few of them, hes fascinating for a totallyal different reason. Yeah, ibrahim is a 23yearold from homs a city in central syria which is probably the most destroyed city in the syrian war, they call it is syrian stalingrad. The whole time, ibrahim, i said what did your father say about the regime . He said we never talked about it. Talked politicsic around the dinner table. The Security State that existed in syria and still does was something nobody would talk about and goes to the idea if people cant even talk about their political aspirations, when you have a rupture, how caa there be a consensus of what the going to take its place . Sreenivasan Scott Anderson, the entire New York Times magazine this weekend. Thanks for joining us. Thank you. Woodruff and Scott Andersons work for the New York Times magazine was supported by the Pulitzer Center on crisis reporting, they are a frequent partner of theof newshour. Woodruff stay with us. Woodruff pack to the world of politics and to the analysis of brooks and dionne. Io e. J. Dionne, david brooks. Mark shields is away this week. Lets pick up with robert costa of the washington post. David, what a week for donald trump, i guess we thought things were going to show down but somehow there was the comment about the Second Amendment seen as a threat to Hillary Clintonon and then the i. S. I. S. Comments. M how do we interpret how donald trump is communicating with everybody . This isnt ath decision he makes, its a condition he possesses. Were not used to talking aboutg the psychological, Mental Health of the candidatesps and in some ways i think its not fair to talk about his Mental Health in terms of how he operates with his kids and private life, but there is public psychology and political psychology and in public he displays extreme narcissism but also a certain manic hyperactive attention. Ti so if you graph a trump sentence, every eightword verse, its associative thinking. There is a term in psychology thats called the flight ofof thought where one word sets off an association that sets off an association. One psychologist said compare his speeches to Robin Williams monologues but without the jokes and instead insults. Hes not in control of his attention, i dont think. At you have randomly weird sentences, things he patently shouldnt be saying, and im being sarcastic about the sarcasm, obviously, and then a fifth a second later he said not that muvment so he contradicted himself within 12 words and thats a condition. Woodruff how are we to understand this as people trying to understand this election . I have been thinking about it, there is the english language and the trump language. In the trump language, words change day by day depending on his political needs. I wont go into the learned psychological explanation david gave, but there are a lot of people talking that way about him. Politically, he doesnt seem to care much about what he says. He gauges effect. Sometimes in the middle of age speech hell change his direction if the audience doesnt like him. Ke i had an instructive trip to york, pennsylvania. Its a conservative county,co southern pennsylvania, not farno from here. One to have the most interesting conversations i had was with alison cooper, the editor of tht new york dispatch and she talked about how people in this have republican area, new york city is democratic but the county is republican, are people who care about manners and decorum. She spoke about common decency is a core part of who people are. In this campaign weve talked about soccer moms and angry white men and i think youre starting to develop common decency voters who are just reacting to what trump says. The republican county commissioner i talked to upto there said shes been active with veterans and after what trump said about the khan family and the purple heart, they cant vote for him, and something deep is happening and has nothing to do with ideology or party. Woodruff as we just heard robert costa reporting a few minutes ago, leaders in the party are betwixt and betweenwe trying to figure out how are they going to deal with. This hes saying im going my own way. They know theyre not going to separate from him. Ro but again how do we understand the state of his campaign. In todays polling, its pointed out if you take the States Clinton is up by 10 points or more, she has 273 electoral votes, enough to win. Thats 10 points more. Ts can we imagine a state where he moves the numbers in wisconsin by 10 points . . That would be a huge and unprecedented gain at thisth stage. So its looking very bad for him. So the republicans are going to have to figure t out what to do. A lot are writing open letters and more are saying privately lets get the r. N. C. To defund the campaign and cut them off and drives him crazy so he quits or we have more money for our own people. In morality you cut off funding, on political grounds, we can spend more money on these campaigns. But the trump completely collapses, the tsunami will sweep the congressional races no matter what they and where to spend the money is the question. Republicans are in a catch22, a lot of their candidates, because they know if they get too close to trump they can lose a lot of voters in the middle, the common decency folks, but if they cut him off too aggressively, the trump constituency, if they lose those votes theyre in trouble. So youre seeingty midty and uncertainty on the republican side because they dont quite know what to do with trump. I think it was interesting after the Second Amendment comment, his poll numbers were flat and narrowed a little. There is possible were seeing a floor. He can say all kind of crazy things but hes not getting above where he is. Woodruff what are the options for Republican Leaders . Just to wait and watch and see what happens . I think that the way partly, it depends on individual candidates. There are candidates in states where they know trump is going to do very badly and theyre already running away from trump. There were other candidates who are as i said worried about this mix of votes theyre going to get. More and more, republicans for clinton is the real deal, the clinton repu clinton is the real deal, the clinton republican is the reagan democrat at this point and i think more and more theblican leadership is going to look at the threat to the senate. The senate is very shaky, theyre controlled on the numbers right now, and say its not worth propping this guy up, weve got to let him go and support our candidate. Meantime, david, it was not an especially great week for Hillary Clinton. Today we saw she put out her tax returns in the last year addingi to a number of years. What trump camp says is wait a minute, we still want to see the emails. In fact, there were a couple ofu leaks this week that paid it look like something was going on between the Clinton Foundation and Hillary Clintons staff atf the state department. Looks like they were soliciting money and exchanging access. So i think the clintons path is not a surprise. The obama codery does not get into many scandals. The clintons codery gets into many scandals. They never break their political careers, but theres a whiff of scandal, this goes back to the Rose Law Firm and for decades. This goes back to their pattern. They probably are not disqualifying. If we get rid of everyone in washington who sold access for donations, the town would be empty, so it rises to the level of unseemly which confirms the mistrust people have. Ha woodruff how much of a problem is it for her . F i dont think we have the evidence yet that they sold access for contributions, and the Justice Department decided not to look intode this. Nevertheless, i think the existence of the clintonhe foundation is a problem for her. My notion is that if she were ever elected president , and if i were she i would have announced it ahead of time, i would have announced that for the duration of my presidency, this is going to become the eisenhowerkennedy foundation. Lets pick the two popular president s when bill and Hillary Clinton were kids or young. David and susan eisenhower, bill and Hillary Clinton, push this aside, because you can borrow from prince formerly known as the Clinton Foundation. But you dont want the stories coming out even if there is nothing actionable in terms of the law. I would just push this aside. Youve never had a chance where a former president , they all had these foundations at one time or another, actually has his spouse in the whowssments you have tots figure ow what to do with this. Woodruff you have it where Hillary Clintons chief of stafc at the state department went to new york and was involved in important meetings at theat Clinton Foundation. In is there something wrong with that. I think minorly, she paid her own way. Minorly, the way life works not only in washington but every business ive ever heard of is a friend wants something and you want them to give money to a good cause and, so, you know, people join boards of directors to make professional connections. There is no pure line between those things. So would it be better if there was a pure line in some ideal world . Would it be better if the clintons didnt have a predilection for blurring every line they could . That would be better. Again, i think its the width but i cant get super angry about it, to be honest. Woodruff you dont see anything actionable. I dont see anything actionable. Every foundation has interactions with the state department. But are people going to keep asking these questions as long as the Clinton Foundation is around and as long as she is in public life. So im against trumps wall against mexico but they need a wall to protect themselves and push these stories away. A it would be a good experience to know how much money they would raise as the trumankennedy foundation, ittr might be 1. 20 a year. Woodruff meantime, there are Clinton Emails out there and we expect they will be leaked out into the public arena between now and the election. Whats the bright line between the two of bill and Hillary Clinton . Depressed by both of them. I think the country, the economy has some new, genuine challenges. Weve had lagging growth. Productivity increases have been merge and terrible. R hundreds of millions of people dropped out of the labor force. These have all happened this century. To me what both clinton and especially trump did was have economic plans built for 1973, as if were going to have laborrich manufacturing jobs come back. Laborrich manufacturing doesnt exist. Manufacturing jobs are white collar, Silicon Valley programmers or highlyskilled technicians that are not going to employ lots of people. So we had two economic plans that had, in my view, limited growth agendas. Da infrastructure is good but not it. Very limited productivity agendas and really nothing to help people out of the labor force. They were so unimaginative, they were sort of grab bags of the normal policies the democratsem have been proposing 20 years or in trumps case a weird mix of things from supply side and populism. Woodruff how did you readou all that . I think there was more growth and forwardlooking stuff in the clinton plan than david did. She began her speech by talking about the inventiveness of companies in michigan and how they were taking advantage of change. It reflected the issue democrats have to deal with. They want to talk about how things were a lot better than eight years ago and they really are, but they say if too much they look too out of touch with people. Trump, hes giving words to the workers and money to the rich. The tax cuts he has sort of make reagan look like, you know, almost like a democrat. I mean, these are steep tax cuts for the wealthy, getting rid of the inheritance tax, the estate tax, which would be particularly good woodruff hes trimmed someme of the tax changes hes talking about. But its still a huge tax cut with no talk of compensation for the deficit or anything else. Hillary had fun saying this is really good for trumps familyam and friends but its not clear who its going to help. I dont know what the net of this exchange is but i think youre seeing clinton is not going to leave bluecollar voters to trump, she is fighting for them, and a lot of what shes done in the last two ort three weeks has been to try to shore up her position in the swing states with a lot of bluecollar voters. Woodruff we get abl chance to talk about the chi again and we wanted to talk about the wonderful american results at the olympics, these Young Athletes who are performing so well. But were going toso save that r another time. They can all run in 2032. Woodruff a great lead because we have the olympicsbe coming up. Thank you very much. V thank you. Woodruff speaking of which, to the big wins and surprising loss at the olympics. As we near the completion of the first week of the rio games, u. S. Olympians have often fulfilled even exceeded already skyhigh expectations. Even so, there was a big upset today. Jeffrey brown kicks off our coverage tonight. Brown first, the first time the womens team failed to advance to the semifinals. Simone biles met challenges last night as she soared through the all around competition to wino her second gold medal, confirming her place as the best gymnast in the world today and best ever olympian, many would put Michael Phelps high on that list. Yesterday the 31yearold swimmer won the 200meter individual medley for the fourth consecutive Olympic Games and fourth gold medal in these games. His astounding career now stands at 22 gold medals, 26 olympic medals overall. Simon manuel tied in the 100meter free style, setting the olympic record and becoming the first africanamerican woman to win an olympic gold medal in swimming. I mean this medal isnt just for me, its for a whole bunchho of people who have came before me and been an inspiration for me, maritza correa, and its foe all the people after me who cant who believe they cant do it and i just want to be an inspiration to others that you can do it. And lets go to rio now for more on these big moments. O Christine Brennan is a sportswriter and columnist covering the games for u. S. A. Today. Shes a contributor for cnn. And joins us once again this evening. Hello, again, christine. So lets go in that same order, if we could. First a big loss today in womens soccer. What happened and how big a loss . Its huge, jeff. Ev a we hear that aet t lot in the olympics, but this one is a very big deal. U. S. Women have never lost at this round ever in a world cup or an olympics. Ol so this is a first to go out in the quarter finals is stunning. What happened, they have been having a little uneven play throughout the tournament. The goal keeper hope solo has not been at her best. Still you think they would get by sweden. But the sweep was the u. S. Coach for two Olympic Games, there is no one who knows the teams better so she was able to coach the swedish team and do well thaws she knows the u. S. Classic misfires not playing well from some of the top americans. When you get to penalty kicks as this game did, anything goes ata that point, and this is the first olympic game to be decide bid penalty kicks. Lt and hope solo not as great as she has been, again. And i wonder how much the u. S. Team misses abby wombach. This team is the favorite of the country of all sports people of the year. The only positive i could come up with is it shows the world is catching up. Even the u. S. Women, the johnny apple seeds of the world, sowing the seeds of sports around the world, would say when they lose, as devastating it is, around the world people care more about womens soccer is thanks in large part of the u. S. Team. Brown simone biles. We spoke before the games started, how could she live up l to the exeblgtations. She did. She did. Its one thing to say women arer going to win in the womens all around. Your name is known forever. You may never have to buy yourself another meal and you y are one of the stars of the Olympic Games. Its one thing people saying you can do it and another thing too do it. This woman cut through it. I think shes the greatest gymnast of all time. Shes a combination of mary lou retton, going back to nadya comb neechy and corbet. Shes the embodiment of an entire sport. The team medical other day and the individual all around. Simone biles had the pressure of the world on her shoulders and not only did she deliver, she was at her best at the most important moment of her life. What more could you ask for than that. Brown speaking greatest ever, Michael Phelps. From greatest swimmer to discan cogs of greatest olympian ever and doing what hes doing in his fifth olympics. Hes 31 years old which i know to you and i doesnt seem that old, but for swimming hes going against teenagers that are, like, 20something. I must admit, im surprised. I knew he was going to be good and i knew he might win a gold medal or two, but this is fourr gold medals with one more chance tonight in the 100 butterfly which is going to be tough for him, much closer. But he had a Katie Ledecky lead in the 200 individual medley last night. He has won the 200 butterfly, he is a rock starhe of the u. S. Tem in two relays and solidifies, i think, over the course of time, 2004, 2008, 12 and 16 to beat all comers. Co for a guy whos 31, the greatest moment, after the relay, in 70 minutes he won two gold medals, and after the relays he sat down on the block and lumped over like an old man coming home from days work. He was spent. Hed had it. He spent all his energy to that. This is a punctuation point of all points that i didnt see coming. He is the mecca. Brown finally an another touching story, the victory by Simone Manuel who tied for the gold in the 100meter freestyle. You know, jeff, this is so important, the visual says everything. I mean, to me, as great as Katie Ledecky has been, as great ass Michael Phelps has been, i don, know if at the end of the day we dont come away with Simone Manuel being that one image. Basically a lily white sport, a sport of suburban kids, which is fine, all of a sudden, you have an africanamerican womanri becoming the first africanamerican woman to win an olympic gold medal in swimming. And what that mention is as a role model, this is a sport and the skill of learning to swim that many swimmers talk about, theyve got to get into the urban areas. S. Youve got to get into the places where kids arent able to go to poovment Simone Manuel, this could be her ability to speak to all ages. Up to now its been contained to one demographic. To see the moment and the tie and the canadian and the way they reacted to each other, to me thats what the olympics is all about. Bo brown Christine Brennan in rio. Thank you so much. Jeff, thank you very much. Brown and we turn to another big story of these games, away from the medal podiums across the globe today there are some 65 Million People whove been forced from their homes an unprecedented number. Ten refugees are now on the world stage in rio. He didnt win the 100 meter butterfly yesterday not even close but 25yearold rami anis, a syrian refugee now living in belgium did get a standing ovation. 18yearold Yusra Mardini, also from syria, won a preliminary heat in her race before failing to advance further. Still, by the very special termt shed set for herself, this was a victory. For the refugees in brazil, and all the refugees around the world, we are going to represent you guys in a really good picture. And i hope you are going to learn from our story that you have to move on because life will never stop with yourwi problems, and i hope that everyone will continue to achieve their dreams. Brown just last year, both Yusra Mardini and rami anis made the dangerous voyage across the aegean sea thats become a symbol of an International Refugee crisis. On mardinis trip, the motor t failed and she and her sister also a swimmer were the only ones Strong Enough to swim theen crowded boat to safety. But one week ago, to aag resounding welcome, the two young syrians and eight other athletes made history as the first ever refugee olympic team. Filippo grandi, u. N. High commissioner for refugees, was w there, and spoke with uske yesterday from his geneva headquarters. I was so nervous, like if i was going to give an exam, i can tell you. And we had to wait for the whole ceremony because they were the last team to enter before the hosts, brazil, and when they entered, the emotion was unlimited. Brown the u. N. H. C. R. Worked with the international olympical commission to create the team, Holding Tryouts in refugee camps such as the huge kakuma camp in kenya. Those who made the cut got the help of world class coaches to prepare for rio. We started talking about that project in the midst of the most negative global discussion on refugees and migrants during the europe crisis. So it was really a reversal of that approach, that vision, it was positive, it emphasized achievement. It emphasized contributions by refugees. Brown five runners who fled war in south sudan as children made it to rio. 21yearold yiech pur biel made his olympics debut this afternoon in the 800 meter competition, Anjelina Nadai lohalith, will run on saturday in the 1500 meter race, 28year0 old James Chiengjiek will run the 400 meter dash saturday as0 well. Paulo lokoro, 24 years old, is a middle distance runner who escaped the war in 2006. He runs next tuesday. Rose Nathike Lokonyen made theye team despite having to run barefoot in tryouts in the refugee camp where she lived. We compete among the refugees brown Filippo Grandi visited the five as they trained in kenya, and it was there he became convinced this refugee team could both compete with world class athletes, and have an impact beyond rio. We knew that these were people coming from hardship, often living in difficult conditions in refugee camps,io having gone through very difficult situations. So for them to step up to those Technical Levels would be difficult. But we knew that would be compensated with enthusiasm, by commitment, and by the strong message they would bring to the Olympic Games. Brown the oldest member of the refugee team is 36yearoldo marathoner yonas kinde. He fled ethiopia in 2013, and now has asylum in luxembourg. And filling out the group twoll refugees from the democratic republic of congo, who competed in judo earlier this week. 28yearold Yolande Mabika lost her parents to war and first took up judo in a center for displaced children in kinshasha. She lost her first round match on wednesday. 24yearold Popole Misenga won his first bout before losing tob a World Champion from south korea. Misengas mother was killed when he was nine and hes not seen his siblings since. translated i am here, in brazil, im participating in the olympics and i thank god for that. If my brother can see me on tv, to know your brother is here in brazil, striving to maybe see him, be one day together. Th i send him hugs wherever he is, and i am thinking of him here in brazil, and i hope to bring all my family close to me, to see them, its been such a long time. Brown both Popole Misenga and yolande bukasa received asylum in brazil three years ago. The olympic host nation, a land of immigrants, has welcomed manh recent asylum seekers. Hanan dacka, a 12yearolda, syrian refugee, was chosen as an olympic torchbearer in the capital city of brasilia earlier this year. It was a symbolic moment greeted warmly by onlookers, just as an International Audience has embraced the refugee athletes at the rio games. But will it last . Filippo grandi hopes the world sees beyond these ten to the millions of others. And i hope the personal history of these ten athletes will illustrate this important characteristic of refugees thats is too often forgotten. Because too often we concentrate on big numbers on the consequences of flows of millions of people and the impact that they have, and forget that each one of them is a person with a history that needs to be addressed as well. Brown a hope that is, is fo an olympic moment, that is, that goes beyond gold medals. Im Jeffrey Brown for the pbs newshour. Woodruff finally, to another of our brief but spectacularla episodes where we ask interesting people to describe their passion. Earlier we heard what was driving the recent chaos witnessed in the middle east. Now we hear a more personal take from photojournalist lynsey addario, whose work appears regularly in the new yorkyo times, national geographic, and time magazine. Having covered conflict around the globe, from the taliban in afghanistan to turmoil in libyai where she was kidnapped in 2011, she writes her experiences in a memoir, its what i do. If your pictures arent good enough, youre not close enough. Thats a classic robert cappa quote. Hes a famous world photographer. Its true, we cannot do our jobs from further back. I have to bring myself emotionally closer to thena subject. I believe in these stories. I believe they have to be toldol and, so, i force myself to go to these places. Its not an adrenaline rush and its not an addiction. I have been kidnapped twice, once outside fallujah by sunni insurgents. Once in libya, i was sure we were about to die and all i could think about, is really . R is this where im going to see the end of my life . What am i doing here . Why is it so important for me to be here . E . And i have to ask myself those questions because a big part of this job is knowing we might die at any given time. People always ask, like, are you stoic when youre shooting . And i am anything but stoic when im watching someone die. I become very overwhelmed with emotion and im crying as im shooting. I think it would be reallyl strange if i didnt cry when i saw the things i see because i see some of the most horrific things and some of the most beautiful things. Being a war photographer comes with great sacrifice. Its almost impossible to have a personal life. The amount of psychological and physical traumaa that each one of us carries with us from covering war over many, many years is extraordinary. When i first started doing thisi job, i had a really hard time reconciling the fact that life went on outside of these war zones, and i would come back to new york, and everyone was at a bar, getting drunk, having fun, and i was so confused. Nf i dont understand why no one cares, and people arent out on the street protesting. I had to make a decision at some point that if i was going to lead this life, i would have to not leave behind the things ive seen but be present when i go home to be with my family and husband and son, i have to be there for them. E i was so frustrated by people being so dit dismissive of the deeper reasons why anyone wouldd cover war. Its about educating people, policymakers talking about huma rights abuses. Ts once a photographer starts seeing the impact of his or her work, its impossible to turn away. Its impossible to stop doing it. My name is linsey addario, andan this is my brief but spectacular take on life as a photojournalist. Woodruff such amazing photographs. And you can watch more episodese of our brief but spectacular series on our website pbs. Org newshour brief. Pb also online what gives dogsal their supersniffing skills . Meet zinca the rescue dog, and learn how researchers are decoding the secrets of smell. All that and more is on our website pbs. Org newshour. And a reminder about some upcoming programs fromm our pbs colleagues. Gwen ifill is preparing for washington week, which airsng later this evening. Heres a preview ifill hi, judy. Well, another week, another set of signs that this election is nothing if not unconventional. From tax rates to tax returns, from the Second Amendment to isis, as more republicans appear to flee for cover. At weeks end, what does it all mean . Well try to put it in context, later tonight on washington week. Judy . Woodru6ff and we will be watching. Tomorrow on the pbs newshour weekend the downside to Silicon Valleys successskyrocketing housing costs. And well be back, right here, on monday. On thats the newshour for tonighth im judy woodruff. Have a great weekend. Thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by lincoln financial is committed to helping you take charge of your future. And the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably betteu lives. And with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbt station from viewers like you. Io thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org this is ly nicely business sue herera. Marking milestones. Two Straight Record closes for the nasdaq. The dow and s p 500 hovering near all time highs and there may be to come. Consumers gave their credit cards a rest and thac gro may not pick up as much hoped. Some home prices soar in Silicon Valley even those with high powered jobs cant afford to stay. Those stories and many nigh good evening, everyone and welcome. What a week. And what a six months. Yesterday, we saw a