Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. The ford foundation. Working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Sreenivasan American Consumers spent less, businesses invested less and Companies Exported less. As a result, the economy slowed markedly in the final quarter of 2015. Government data released today put overall growth at an annual rate of just 7tenths of a percent, from october through december. For the year as a whole, the economy grew 2. 4 , about the same as the previous year. Wall street rallied on the news, hoping that weak growth might delay Interest Rate hikes. Strong earnings by tech firms helped as well. The Dow Jones Industrial average gained nearly 400 points to close at 16,466. The nasdaq rose 107 points, and the s p 500 added 47. But for the month, the dow and the s p lost 5 . The nasdaq fell almost 8 . The state department confirmed today that Hillary Clintons private server held 22 emails that are now deemed top secret. The Associated Press reported that, as a result, state is withholding those email chains from a batch being released today. Clinton used her own server as secretary of state, and has said none of the material she received was marked classified at the time. Department Spokesman John Kirby said today its still not clear why that happened. Its certainly possible that, for any number of reasons, traffic can be sent thats not marked appropriately for its classification. That is certainly possible. I am not making any judgment about this. Thats why were doing a review here at the state department to look at the classification at the time the traffic was sent. All i can tell you definitively is it wasnt marked classified at the time it was sent. Sreenivasan a Clinton Campaign spokesman criticized the decision to withhold the email chains as over classification run amok. The announcement came three days before the iowa president ial caucuses. Well hear from judy, in iowa, after the news summary. Talks aimed at ending syrias civil war got off to a shaky start in geneva today. After days of uncertainty, the main Opposition Group announced it will send a delegation to meet with a u. N. Special envoy but not with syrian officials. Today, the envoy met with representatives from bashar alassads government, and he urged the opposition to engage, if it wants to be heard. We have been strongly suggesting to them that the best way to actually discuss the implementation of such type of discussion and therefore of improvement is to be done here and to do it with us, as proxy talks or directly. Whatever is the format. Sreenivasan the talks are the first since negotiations collapsed in 2014. The Syrian Civil War has killed more than 250,000 people and displaced millions. Theres word u. S. Military leaders will ask president obama to send hundreds of additional troops to iraq and syria. The New York Times reports top commanders believe it will take more trainers, advisors and commandos to defeat the Islamic State group. At the white house today, spokesman josh earnest rejected suggestions that the president feels the military has pressured him and he resents it. My eyebrows raised in the same way that yours apparently did when you read that. What i can tell you is the president is quite pleased with the kind of advice that he gets from his National Security team. I assure you that if anything it is the leaders at the department of defense who are feeling pressure from the commander in chief to find new ideas and new ways to further intensify those elements of our strategy that are working. Sreenivasan there are currently some 3,700 american troops in iraq and a small contingent of special forces in syria. The u. S. Navy has confirmed that iran flew a surveillance drone over the Aircraft Carrier harry s. Truman, in the persian gulf this month. Iranian state tv showed footage today, and said it came from the unarmed drone. An iranian commander called the pictures beautiful and accurate. U. S. Officials branded the move abnormal and unprofessional, but said the drone posed no danger to flight operations. In oregon, the last four armed occupiers were Still Holding out today at a National Wildlife refuge. But overnight, the f. B. I. Released drone video of the Fatal Shooting of lavoy finicum. He was the militia spokesman killed tuesday by oregon troopers. Special agent Greg Bretzing said finicum fled from a traffic stop, then ran into a roadblock, seen in this graphic footage. The truck gets stuck in the snowbank. Finicum leaves the truck and steps through the snow. Agents and troopers on scene had on at least two occasions finicum reaches his right hand toward a pocket on the left inside portion of his jacket. He did have a loaded nine millimeter semiautomatic handgun in that pocket. At this time, o. S. P. Troopers shot finicum. Sreenivasan finicum had said hed rather die than go to jail, but other members of the militia have claimed he did nothing to provoke the shooting. Ten other members of the group are already in custody. Late today, a federal judge ordered the occupations organizer, ammon bundy, and his brother ryan, held without bail. Operations stopped at the largest port complex on the east coast this morning, after thousands of longshoremen walked off the job. The Port Authority of new york and new jersey said it had no advance notice. A Union Spokesman said the longshoremen are rebelling against interference in Port Operations by an anticorruption commission. And, president obama has unveiled new efforts to close the pay gap between men and women. Proposed rules would mandate that companies with 100 or more employees report salary data by gender, race and ethnicity. The information would be used to enforce existing discrimination laws. Still to come on the newshour countdown to the Iowa Caucuses, why women could hold the winning votes for Hillary Clinton or Bernie Sanders; and what last nights debate means for the g. O. P. Plus, barbies new look are toy manufacturers picking up on diversity . And much more. Sreenivasan and now to the race of the white house. Its crunch time for the candidates in iowa as they make their final push to mondays caucuses. Republicans, minus donald trump, battled on the debate stage last night. For the democrats, there is a last minute push for women voters. Judy woodruff joins us now from des moines. Judy, whats the mood as the clock ticks toward the caucuses . Hi, hari. I did just get here last night but its safe to say everybody in the state of iowa including the majority of people here who will not be participating in the caucuses monday night is very affair theres a president ial race under way. Whether they are a republican or democrat or something in between, theyre aware that this is a contest like no other. Youve got a tight race in both parties. On the republican side, thats phenomenon named donald trump has managed to up end the contest. Hes managed to define the way other candidates are seeing. You ask even if theyre not supporting donald trus7n theyll talk about their candidate in relation to mr. Trump. On the democratic side what was supposed to be a fairly predictable contest, Hillary Clinton presumed to be the fronf challenge from senator Bernie Sanders and that ones turned out to be a nail biter too. Sreenivasan theres Little Things that make that big difference. Here it is forty afternoon before the Iowa Caucuses. The state Department Says theres 22 emails from the private server she kept the emails that have been declared top secret and theres no release. Any comments from the clinton camp today. Well hari theyre pretty much reacting the way they have to all of these other email stories about the private server she had at her home in new york. They are saying first of all that all these emails whether they were received by second clinton or whether she sent secretary clinton or whether she sent them, theyu were not classified or top secret at the time. Repeatedly they said and theyll say it again today we want all emails released. We dont think any of these should be kept back. The Campaign Press secretary brian fallon put out a statement saying this is overclassification ru run awe amuck. Its clearly a distraction coming up right now just days before the caucuses. Now i want to tell you one angle in this democratic race we were interested in looking at is how women are dividing their vote here in iowa between Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders. So our team spent the last few days talking to democratic and independent leaning women across the state. Woodruff its three days out from the Iowa Caucuses and democrats here have an important decision to make. I need you. Get everybody you can to get out monday night. Woodruff go with presumed favorite former secretary of state Hillary Clinton, veteran of the Party Power Structure . Well, i may not be the youngest candidate in this race. But i will be the youngest woman president in the history of the United States cheers and applause and and the first grandmother as well. cheers and applause woodruff or defy expectations by sending vermont senator Bernie Sanders to the next contest in New Hampshire with new energy to behind his message of inequality . If you are a woman, you understand the history of change. The suffragettes and the people before the suffragettes who said that women will not be considered as second class citizens. Woodruff polls suggest the race is close. And political analysts here say women are a crucial demographic. The fact that, yes, hillary worked towards womens rights, but she was also indifferent about gay rights, lesbian rights, everything on that spectrum, it constantly changed. And bernie never did. I would be thrilled to see a woman be president. I think its time past for that to happen, but thats not a big factor with me. I want the quality of the candidate, and i think she has the qualities we need right now. Woodruff clinton has made women a main focus, but theyre proving harder to persuade than her campaign expected. A recent quinnipiac poll of Iowa Democrats likely to caucus shows women overall back clinton 54 40 . But sanders undermines that with his enormous lead with younger democrats 18 to 44 year olds supported him four to one. He is leading with women under 45, and that makes clintons job even harder. Twentyfive yearold gwen merz is one of those women. She plays in a weekly Dodgeball League just outside of des moines, where she just moved recently from illinois. Merz says she has already made up her mind who to support. Sanders won her over when he took her question at a recent campaign event. 100 he answered what i asked, and thats so rare in a candidate. If you look at the last town hall, bernie answered a lot of hard questions. They threw them at him and he took them like a champ and answered them all correctly. And hillary just danced around the issues and didnt have a straight word to say. Woodruff on wednesday merz attended this women for bernie luncheon in des moines. Where Actress Susan Sarandon urged attendees to get out to vote for sanders. Definitely a flip flopper. I want somebody who has the chutzpah that backs up what they say instead of saying, oh, now its popular, lets be for it. Woodruff Bonnie Campbell is the former attorney general of iowa. She ran unsuccessfully for governor as a democrat in 1994 and now works as a political consultant. Shes also a strong supporter of Hillary Clinton. When i was a young woman, there was no Birth Control and abortion was absolutely out of the question, it was illegal. Thats a battle weve been fighting and they think, i think many young women think weve won. I think their lens is different, its shorter. And they havent hit the Glass Ceiling yet. Theyre still in college. They havent gone out into the work world and discovered that, wait a minute. I dont get paid as much as that guy who does exactly the same thing that i do. Woodruff the fact that clinton would be the first female president could improve the lives of women in ways that are hard to measure, campbell says. I want all the little girls out there to look up and see a president take the oath of office whos a woman and say, ah, i guess i could grow up to be president. Its more than just how you are on issues. Woodruff but for many women voters in iowa, especially younger ones, it is issues and the passion about pursuing them, that matters more. One of the things that sanders has been able to do is sort of light a spark about the idea of income inequality, and he is the messenger that would be able to break up wall street and the monopoly and the Corporate America that he rails against. Whereas secretary clinton has focused in a more measured way on those issues, he has been more liberal and progressive. Bernie sanders really focuses in on giving everybody equal opportunity and giving everybody a chance, and i really believe in being just a humanitarian and treating people as people and not as just a statistic. Ive gotten more politically active since ive gotten older. And, you know, im retired now, and i think about my life and my grandchildrens life, and i think our country would really go forward with hillary. Woodruff both campaigns are working frantically to make sure their supporters show up to caucus monday night. But whatever happens, the clinton camp has learned here the contest for the nomination may not only take longer, but also involve a tougher fight for the votes of women than they had counted on. Woodruff from the democratic battle for womens votes, to the republicans battle for the spotlight. Political director Lisa Desjardins reports on the large g. O. P. Field, and last nights debate here in iowa. I did something that was very risky. And i think it turned out great, because im on the front page of every paper. Reporter donald trump, today in New Hampshire, crowed about what happened last night in des moines, iowa. He held his own rogue fundraiser for veterans claiming to raise at least 6 million. As just across town. Donald trump has chosen not to attend. Reporter seven other republicans gathered, to soak up the extra oxygen and try to move past trump. Lets begin by being clear what this campaign is about. Its not about donald trump. Hes an entertaining guy. Hes the greatest show on earth. This campaign is about the greatest country in the world reporter this debate drew fewer viewers than all but one g. O. P. Faceoff this cycle around 12. 5 million people. But it kept up in quality and quantity of punches. I would note that the last four questions have been rand please attack ted, marco please attack ted. Reporter ted cruz, center stage in trumps absence, tussled with the fox news moderators early on. If you guys ask one more mean question, i may just have to leave the stage. Reporter but before long, the texas senator was on defense, on immigration i dont want Immigration Reform to fail. Reporter . Confronted by videotape of what he said about a 2013 immigration compromise in the senate. But, but megyn, the bill was 1,000 pages. I introduced a series of amendments, each designed to fix problems in the bill. Reporter but cruz found no friends on stage. Senator rand paul rejected his colleagues words. Thats an authenticity problem. That everybody he knows is not as perfect as him because were all for amnesty. I was for legalization. I think frankly if you have border security, you can have legalization. So was ted, but now he says it wasnt so. Thats not true. Never have and never will support any effort to grant blanket legalization amnesty. Reporter marco rubio, too, had to confront his immigration achilles heel. Jeb bush reminded republicans of rubios past. Well, im kind of confused because he was the sponsor of the gang of eight bill that did require a bunch of thresholds but ultimately allowed for citizenship over an extended period of time. I mean, thats a fact. And he asked me to support that. Reporter rubio shot back at bush, his onetime mentor in florida you wrote a book where you changed your position from a path of citizenship to a path of legalization. And the bottom line is this, we are not going to be able to do anything on this issue until we first bring illegal immigration under control. Reporter in trumps absence, everyone had more time. Chris christie presented himself as a nononsense governor, and hit a conservative chord when asked to cut one government function. How about one that ive done in new jersey for the last six years. Thats get rid of planned parenthood funding from the United States of america. Reporter john kasich aimed to be the smart, grounded voice, and took on topics others often avoid. The time has come to stop ignoring the mentally ill in this country. Reporter and ben carson, as he does often, spoke broadly of freedom and specifically of the constitution . Do ordain and establish this constitution of the United States of america. Folks, its not too late. Enough said. Reporter it will be too late for some soon. Iowans vote on monday. For the pbs newshour, im Lisa Desjardins. Sreenivasan and now to the analsis of brooks and dionne. Thats New York Times columnist david brooks and Washington Post columnist e. J. Dionne. Mark shields is away. Ej let me start with you. One of the stories last night was the person not at the debate stage. Did donald trump make the right decision . 124 hours ago i might have said no. And at this point i think he may have made the right decision. The noises may send the idea tht iowa awe caucus goers are very serious about politics and they wouldnt take kindly to a guy who says i dont like the moderator so im skipping out. But that could be so much pummeling of ted cruz and here im channeling donald trump whod today. The Des Moines Register headline was rough night for cruz. Cruz is trumps main competitor number one, and so the results he brought about may actually help him here. I think the other thing p k thatsindicative is that tok is very bullish on marco rubio, and cruz has shifted his negative advertising from trump to rubio. Hes got the ultimate republican attack ad. Marco iraq yor rubio, the repubn obama. A week or so ago you would have said he was the favorite and now hes running behind in the polls and hes being really challenged from both ends. Sreenivasan what do you think. Does this help or hurt donalds momentum. It hurts. Hes been dropping, both you cruz and trump. Some of the j1 rising. I thought last night both trump and cruz, trump because hes petulant and spoiled. Shouldnt have gone after megan kelly. His basis report is 75 year old republicans. Those guys love paying kelly. He shouldnt have gone after her. And cruz as ej just said he got hit badly. As we saw in the clip, whined about it. Chris wallace in some of those exchanges. His personality was beginning to show. Its interesting, four days of them thriving. They still have comfortable leads with some others rising and i think trump has a turnout problem. He tracks nonvoters. People who are not traditionally voters. He does very well with people voting in the last four elections. Theres a good chance a chunk of those people wont turn sree. One thing shoot should be said is jeb bush probably happened the best night. Trump did him the favor, the bully was gone and jeb really found his voice. That wont make any difference here where jeb isnt in contention but it will help to run at least in New Hampshire. Todays Convention Words of wisdom is doing. Hes got a very Strong Organization builtj ez the evangelical Christian Movement. Evangelical Christian Movement has won the last two Iowa Caucuses for their candidate. Rick santorum and before that mike huckabee. But theres no question that cruz is in a kind of where he hasnt been in a while. Those people do come out. One of the odds things as ej just referenced is the ad wars. Almost nobody in this entire campaign has gone after donald trump, the front runner. People are afraid to take him on. Most of the adds have bee ads ho rubio and cruz today shifted and started attacking rubio. So nobody wants to take on trump either because theyll afraid what hell do. Afraid of offending his voters. Its a weird situation where the front runner is getting off scott free so far. Talk about guy with big vulnerabilities. A couple have not run against him. There are a lot of outside groups that have really kicked in here. Just watching my television, ive seen a lot of ads trying to tell people donald trump is not a conservative. I mean i think somebody out there is putting money in to try to get at donald trump finally. Sreenivasan va david one o srf the contentionions was between cruz and rubio on immigration. You see the needle rubio is trying to thread here. Yes, as bush sort of did. I guess rubios flip is a bigger flop. He was thefc leader of the gangf eight. What cups was doin cruz was doie crucial weeks where to position himself. He was leading with some amendments that would be in favor and he decided to side against. Rubio was really a champion. Whats sad is that its now a contest to see who can be the most antiimmigrant. Thats all right for trump. The idea you can be forced on some compromise close the border and have a pass to citizenship. Even though popular among republicans nationwide is not popular among iowa caucus goers. So they are competing to show how antiimmigrant they are and competing to show they would never make a compromise with the democrat. They are really appealing to the hardest of the hard core right now. Sreenivasan ej, what happens if you take in sort of hard line stance on immigration now and you make it to the general and if youre marco rubio you might want those latino votes. Part of the problem rubio has hes flipping and flopping and flipping and flopping on this because hes got in his head two things at the same time which is he knows his original position was not hard enough, not antiimmigrant enough for Many Republican caucus goers and primary voters. But then he has an eye at the same time on the general election and those republicans have to up their shares of the latino vote from where it was for mitt romney the last time. So i think hes twisted himself into many knots. There was a generally good debate but he didnt look good there. Jeb bush went on the attsagains, proving among other thing that jeb bush didnt take kindly to his protege challenging him in the president ial election. But on the whole, as david said, its a very bad display by the republicans. Not only of an antiimmigrant feeling but opportunism at the top of the party. Sreenivasan who is stacked where they are right now one, two and three going into iowa. And is that likely to change. I continue to think and my predictions have been wrong consistently this entire year but i think the big story out of iowa is that trump under performed. Hes got a turnout problem. Sanders under performed too because he lies too much on the young voter but he will show up. Remember going to the caucus is a multihour occupation. It takes a big Time Commitment and a small percentage of iowaians actually do it. And so its getting people out is a core challenge so thing st likely story he will under perform and well be tucking about cruz or somebody else. Sreenivasan ej, is that how it stacks up for you. I think nobody knows what donald trump people are going to do. He managed to mobilize aau lotf people very quickly for that vet are runs event. A lot of people are going to be looking at the Des Moines Register poll which has a good history relative to all of the other polls here. I think that trump needs a significant lead in order to come out winning, because there will be some fall off in his vote. But whether he runs with equal to the polls or not. I think cruz is the guy who has a win here. If he loses here, hes the one person who could really be hurt by iowa. Sreenivasan ej staying with you for a second. Lets turn tog[ democrats. Sanders and clinton have been running neck and neck in certain polls. Sanders turned up the heat on clinton this week, line of attack saying shes too connected to wall street. Is that a strategy that could work for him . I think a democratic primaries are packing someone for being two close for wall street only has worked. And clearly Bernie Sanders has found a very substantial audience for this message in the party. I ohink, and its last minute story about emails here as judy mentioned earlier, is just not a story she wants to come out at theatthe end of this even if asr spokesman turns out he says this is over classification run amuck. Its just not the way she wanted to close. The other side though is Hillary Clinton is always best when shes under pressure. And shes probably won her best part of the campaign in the last week. You could see that in the cnn forum at the beginning of the week. She seems more comfortable. And she does have a very very Strong Organization and has an older electorate behind her which in a turnout contest is better than having the younger electorate. The way i see it is there are two sort of markers for bernie. Some people compare him to howard dean in 04. Dean had a1 lot of support andt just collapsed, a lot of young people from out of state who didnt vote here. Or obama 08. Its well past where howard dean was. The question is how close does he get to obama. This is a very tight race and smart people i talked to here thinks this could be the race that keeps us up late on monday night. Sreenivasan david if its such a tight race where omalley supporters play a role, especially in those rooms where they have to walk from one section to the other. They have to be really tight. I think it is as ej says, a turnout thing. And then a message thing. Sanders has such a clean message. If youve been paying close attention you know what hes all about. Ej says clinton improves as a campaigner when the going gets tough. Whats the one single theme you know about her. You know her sist me bu historye hasnt picked a theme. I think pete pull show up at these caucuses, substantively peoples wages are down because of globalization not the patterns on wall street as awful as they are. As a line of attack this election so much has been the organization of hatred. Its about finding people or institutions that people in each party really distrust whether its wall street or washington. If she can mobilize those, the hostility that seems to be striving people. Sreenivasan ive gotw to ask, is iowa worth paying as much attention to . Its not by any stretch demographically representative of the entire country. Perhaps its changed over the last 50 years and this is now a reflection of how the political system is working, who tries to gain it. But should we be paying as much attention to this state. I guess i should say the answers yes. I think there are two things in contradiction here. On one hand its absolutely true eat neither iowa or New Hampshire are representative of the country as a whole. Beginning with the fact that they have a much higher percentage of white voters in the country as a whole. But i end up, i find myself defending their role for the following reason. Campaigns have become so much about advertising. Candidates going from airport tarmac to airport tarmac. That there is still something lovely did not romantic about candidates having to answer questions from actual voters instead of us in the media. And that part of it i really like. Sreenivasan all right. Do you agree. I agree. The process is great but the results should be taken with a grain of salt. Especially the Republican Campaign will be over in april or may. Weve got a long time to go here. Maybe a democratic one too. Sreenivasan all right david brooksz and ejn onne. Thanks for being with us. Sreenivasan stay with us. Coming up on the newshour drug shortages lead to a kind of medical rationing; refugees desperate journeys transformed into ballet; and a young girl takes charge of her future and her r. O. T. C. But first, the iconic barbie doll beloved by some and loathed decried by others is going through something of a transformation. Toymaker mattel is introducing three new barbies with three different body shapes. The Company Acknowledges the financial reasons for the decision but more importantly, the changes are meant to deal with a changing marketplace and issues of diversity in the real world. William brangham has a look. Brangham this is what the newly refashioned barbies are going to look like. On the left, thats the new petite barbie. In the middle is the tall barbie. And to right, the curvy barbie. In this behind the scenes video, Time Magazine was granted a look at the making of the new dolls. And in it, mattels Evelyn Mazzocco told time that the decision to introduce these new body styles was partly about business, but also about the growing sense that the original barbie with its wildly unrealistic body needed to change our decision to go on this journey to really evolve the brand was inspired by many things. Of course, it was inspired by softness in sales. It was inspired by what we were seeing on social media does she really know whats going on . She seems to be out of touch. It was driven by moms saying, i dont think barbie speaks to me. Mattel is really responding to a culture in the u. S. And globally thats changed dramatically over the last 50 years. Brangham Richard Gottlieb is with a group called the global toy experts, and he says that while barbies sold well last christmas, mattel seems to be acknowledging that the world is changing. Barbie has really had some strong headwinds in terms of cultural identity in the u. S. And around the world. As mattel as they globalize, theyve got to contend with a world thats multiracial and cultural. A big part is that children and parents want doll child can identify with. A sense of accessible beauty. I can look like this. A sense that this is obtainable. This is a person i can be. Brangham this, of course, has long been the criticism of barbie dolls that her exaggerated body shape, and stereotypical depiction of what women are supposed to look like, gave generations of young girls a role model they could never match up to. She has these exaggerated breasts, she has a tiny waist. If you were to think about her proportions in terms of a real woman, she probably couldnt bear a child, so you have that element of things. Brangham megan garber is a staff writer at the atlantic, and recently wrote a piece about the new barbies. Then you also have the idea that she focuses on fashion and appearance, and there hasnt been much out there about her historically that she has much more aspiration to be more than pretty and blond. Mattel has tried to fight back on that a little bit by making her an astronaut, or a doctor and all of these different things, but fundamentally the appearance of barbie has superseded everything else. Brangham in the online news site mashable, writer katie dupere, while complimenting mattels recent move, also summed up many peoples feelings about the doll barbie has, to some extent, always been this bully to women. Her impossibly thin waist has taunted us, pointing out what for many of us is our biggest insecurity our body size. Though she is carved plastic, she has screamed at us across generations, telling us our bodies arent good enough. Brangham in the Associated Press, the university of marylands kumea shorter gooden also applauded mattels move, but pointed out that European American hair prevails, and the dolls are dressed in a way that convey[s] a traditional and constraining gender norm about how girls and women should look. We live in an age where there is taylor swift on the one hand and there is also beyonce and Kim Kardashian and gina rodriguez; all these different shades of skin, but also body types, and i think barbie is trying to reflect that in the culture. You look at these barbies and they are still very much barbie dolls they are thin in general. Even the curvy one is thin by most standards. These are very incremental changes but i do think they are changes and we have to embrace those changes. Brangham of course, barbie is also living in a much more competitive market than a few decades ago, with cell phones and apps and games constantly vying for kids attention. Lego and its global brand recently overtook mattel in total sales. And just on the doll front alone, the global blockbuster frozen saw its heroine, elsa, become one of the best selling dolls, even two years after its release. Its important to look at it from cyclical standpoint. When frozen came out, dolls did incredibly well, cannibalized barbie sales. But overall, mattel and Toy Companies been challenged by world in which so many ways to play. Brangham but will any of these changes matter at the Cash Register . We talked with some parents today at a toy store in arlington, virginia i think its great i love the new barbies. Brangham the new barbies are Available Online for pre sales now, in stores later this year. The real test will be when the new dolls hit the shelves later this year. For the pbs newshour, im william brangham. Sreenivasan now, how shortages of some prescription drugs are forcing doctors to make difficult often ethically fraught decisions. In some cases, choosing one patient over another to receive a muchneeded drug, or splitting a single dose between two, even three, patients. For a look at whats behind the rationing, how doctors and their patients are coping, and what might be done to correct the problem, we turn to sheri fink of the New York Times, who has been reporting on the story. In addition to being a reporter, she is also a medical doctor. Dr. Fink, whats interesting is, youre talking about some of the best hospitals in the country that are going through this. Not a small far away hospital where you might expect there would be a shortage. This is, payment us a picture of how wide spread this issue is. The shortages are affecting all types of hospitals, clinics. Broad range of medical specialities. It has touched in recent years, this problem has touched just about everywhere sreenivasan t happening. Is it specific types of drugs, is it specific companies. It has to do with some of the drugs often are made by one manufacturer. So if something goes wrong in a quality sense, for example and they have to shut down production, that could leave the market not having enough. It could be that theres not an economic incentive for a lot of Drug Companies to get into this. It could be that manufacturing chains that you know in the factories are running all the time and if one goes down it can affect lots of different drugs. So there are economic reasons, there are regulatory reasons. There are all sorts of reasons. And the shortages are becoming a fact of life. They . years, the number of new shortages increased. New federal law requiring manufacturers to tell the fda if they see Something Like this on the horizon, have decreased the number of new shortages, the number of existing shortages is quite high. And again, its affecting all different parts of sreenivasa. So theres a hospital facing a tough choice saying we have five patients that need this drug. We only have enough drugs for two patients. What do they do. This is the part we dont see. Because of course the doctors dont want to make patients feel that less trustful with their treatment. And these are these tough he had cull decisions, as you said ethical decisions as you said. How do you make these choices. They are not purely medical choices, they have ethical overtones. They have overtones of values. For example some of the doctors are describing to me about, in some cases a drug is used for children÷7wchildren need less o. So could you treat two children with the same amount of drug that you treat one adult. How do you make that value judgment between lives. Its very difficult. Sreenivasan so age is a factor, they use weight as a factor, do they use the existing condition of the patient as a factor in. All of the above. The point of my investigation, ive been looking at this for a few years, its being done all sorts of way. There is no one way. There are very few guidelines. Today a group ofux Childrens Cancer doctors actually published rationing guidelines because Childrens Cancer, the compelling parts of our medical system, that has been hit by shortages in recent years. And these doctors were so worried and they had so little ethical guidance that they said lets get together for a few years, work this through, get physicians involved, patient representatives involved and come out with some strategies for, to offer to doctors who have to make these decisions or who may have to make them. Sreenivasan one of the quotes you have in your stories weve been forced into what we think is highly an unethical corner. When you profile one of the characters in your story is essentially working on inventory in the basement of the cleveland hospital and he decides which one of the clinics and doctors and essentially which patients will get these drugs. Yes. That quote was from peter adamson, dr. Peter adamson the childrens Ecology Group that came out with these guidelines with the National Cancer institute. The person youre speaking about is Chris Schneider. So the Cleveland Clinic has been unusually proactive. They have hired a full timemw pharmacist pretty much just to deal with these shortages in recent years. And so Chris Schneider is screwing around the basement of the Cleveland Clinic staying on top of these drug shortages and trying. The first step of course is to conserve, is to wipe out any waste that you might have in your system, and to maximize so you dont have to make those tragic choices. But ultimately sometimes they have had to put restrictions on which uses, which groups of patients would get a drug and which wouldnt. Sreenivasan what about the patients in all this. Youre saying often times they dontnt know that the medicines being rationed away from them. Thats right. Sometimes theyre not being told. A lot of times tier not being told. Doctors told me they dont want to worry a patient. Theres a patient i wrote about. Her name is bev and she has Crohns Disease and she relies on intravenous nutrition so she cant even like you and i do. During a shortage period that affected many elements of her nutrition, she wasnt told. She wasnt getting zink and ended up in the hospital and said this was a class i zink deficiency. This is one example of people finding out after in many cases what patients arent being told. This is anotherry ethical dimension, should patients be told and what point and how does the doctor explain the relative risks of a substitute drug versus the standard drug. Its all very complicated. Sreenivasan sheri fink from the New York Times, thank you so much. O z4 sreenivasan this week the government of denmark approved a law that enables the authorities to seize valuables from Asylum Seekers in order to pay towards their shelter and living expenses. Its an effort to make one of europes Top Destinations less attractive to refugees and migrants. But one of denmarks leading dance troupes is taking to the stage to expand understanding of the hardships many of those same refugees have faced. Theyre doing it by incorporating a number of Asylum Seekers into a new ballet. It opens this evening in copenhagens old opera house. Special correspondent Malcolm Brabant was at rehearsals, and sent us this reflection from the director and cast, in their own words you cannot explain it in words. People dying all around you. Friends, relatives, children. Bombs, explosions, cars, you dont know when youre going to be dead. A refugee a refugee my name is salam susu. And im from syria. I lived in homs. I work as a University Professor in music. I came here. I play music. And i work with very high professional people who really make me feel like im home. And i really restart being a real human being, feeling with everything. My name is christian lollike, im the director of this piece called europa, its called asylum ballet. Its a mix of Asylum Seekers and royal ballet dancers. Im trying to explode the idea of what is a refugee because very often in europe, refugees are considered as parasites who come to take things from us and as a problem. And i want to show that they are much more. It was necessary for me to leave pakistan because of my sexuality. My name is muhammad al ishaq, from lahore, punjab. It was becoming hard for me to survive and extremely hard for my parents to survive because of me also. Because they also started getting threats from the religious authorities who gave me threats also that either i become nongay, like non homosexual and get married normally to a woman or find my own ways, or be ready to be killed. When the bombs came, we were hoping they would hit our neighbour. Not us. My name is elian yaakob dawood. I came from syria. And now im here in denmark. I need to send a message. We all send a message. We are good. We love the life. Not everybody is a religious fanatic. I think its actually scary and wrong that the Danish Government is trying to scare people away instead of being constructive and Work Together in the European Union to create a solution on this problem. Its very important, especially in denmark where a lot of people are afraid of Asylum Seekers and refugees. I think its very important to see that they are human beings and they have all kind of skills and qualifications. They are not all similar. There are a lot of really high educated people who run away from death to rebuild their life, to integrate into the society to live a life that they really wanted. And to explain that we are good enough to be in your society. This will help people in thinking differently for refugees. They look at us as normal human beings, the way we are. Not just the parasite. As far as im concerned, its very self therapeutic for me. Speaking about my own life, it gives me a feeling that when i tell people my story, people respond in a way that is not confrontation or condemnation. Im not scared that theyre going to punish me. Its not the people who come from war trodden countries only. Its not just the war that people are dying after. There are other reasons also. As i do not come from a place where there is war going on. There is a war going on at a Society Level for me, for my sake. Im sure there are people who have other reasons, other than war or even sexuality who do not find a place to survive where they are. We got asylum today. The papers and the commun and i cant explain too much because its so good. Like, you had a paper. You are not nobody any more. You became a human being. My dream . To have a life again. To live. To experience my humanity. Its really incredible. I really start to experience my skills on a real world, with real people who really start to know who i am. Im stepping on stairs to dream. Sreenivasan finally tonight, how todays teens are battling gender stereotypes. Shantell gonzalez is the only female Commanding Officer of her j. R. O. T. C. Unit at alonzo and tracy mourning senior high in miami. Her story caps off a week of coverage from our student reporting labs on redefining gender in our society. Its part of our outside the box series. Fall out. Attention. Right face. I was in the program here at alonzo tuesday morning. The officer is in charge of the entire company. This comes with several struggles and conquest. Shes never let that come between her and her passion for serving. Being a female and trying to leave male especially in your age group, thats some things being told what to do by a person in general and then being told what to do by a female is even harder for them to listen. But they will eventually, if you do it the correct way they will eventually follow what you will say. In order to keep up with the demandsiofficer, a training couf current and former marines. Staff sergeant, a recruiter at the miami school says he sees the expectations of others but the expectation she has herself. She comes here with enthusiasm. Shes u opted mystic about about it. I feel working out, pushing herself more. When i see her do that makes me want to push myself. How do you think men get where they are. They work for it. You have to do the same thing. According to secretary carter women will start combat roles next year. Paving the road for women like shantell. Sreenivasan to see other profiles, visit outside the box page on website, www. Pbs. Org newshour. On the newshour online Thornton Dial challenged the art world to rethink what it meant to be called an artist, and his work spoke to his experience as a workingclass black man in the south. Dial died monday at the age of 87. We asked three curators to break down four of his most striking paintings, which you can find on our home page. And with many questions swirling about the spread of zika virus, our science team put together a comprehensive guide of what it is and what you need to know to protect yourself and your family. Find that list on our home page, www. Pbs. Org newshour. And a reminder about some upcoming programs from our pbs colleagues. Gwen ifill is preparing for washington week, which airs later this evening. Heres a preview ifill last minute ads; consequential debates; point and counterpoint; and finally, voters get their first say. We take you to iowa to tell you what to expect, as the 2016 campaign begins, in earnest. Thats tonight, on washington week. Hari . Sreenivasan tune in to pbs newshour weekend west point cadets, using social media to fight isis propaganda. Woodruff im Judy Woodruff in iowa, where well be reporting all weekend, and on monday for our coverage of the caucuses, including a special report at 11 pm eastern. Sreenivasan thats the newshour for tonight. Im hari sreenivasan. Have a great weekend. Thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by and by bnsf railway. And the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. And with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org this is bbc world news america. Funding is made possible by the freeman foundation, newmans own foundation, giving all profits from newmans own to charity and pursuing the common good, kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs, and aarp. What is fearless at 50 . Just ask jessie anderson, who jumped out of her own 50th birthday cake. Boom. Or how about dr. Hector flores, who he grabbed life by the microphone to do some improv. Dont forget my man guy ford, the firefighter whos lighting the Business World on fire