Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20151102

I was fine being a skeptic but then when you start to settle for that its not very good. Woodruff all that and more on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. And the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff new numbers today put the enormity of europes migrant surge in stark relief the United Nations Refugee Agency said more than 218,000 people reached the continent by sea last month. Thats roughly equal to the total for all of 2014. Streams of adults and children kept trekking across southern european borders today, and u. N. Officials warned theres no let up in sight. We have to expect this level of arrivals to continue, and thats because the factors that are causing people to move arent going away. We are in a period of record numbers of forced displacement globally almost 60 Million People fleeing conflict, fleeing areas of instability. It is the new reality that we all have to deal with. This is a phenomenon that isnt going away quickly. Woodruff the u. N. Anticipates some 744,000 migrants will arrive in europe for all of this year. More than half are from syria. At least another 3,400 people have died or disappeared trying to make the journey. Ifill communities in colorado and North Carolina are looking for answers, after weekend shootings that left five people dead. In colorado springs, on saturday, a gunman killed three people in a neighborhood street, before Police Killed him. A local newspaper reports hed complained online of mind control. And early yesterday at Winston Salem state university, one student was shot dead and another was wounded. Woodruff a twoyear bipartisan federal budget deal has officially become law. President obama signed it today in a brief ceremony in the oval office. That prevented the government from defaulting on its debts tomorrow. The package also includes 80 billion dollars in new spending for defense and domestic programs. Ifill the president also stepped up his push for criminal justice reforms today, highlighting efforts to help former inmates reenter society. In newark, new jersey, hes ordering federal agencies to ban the box on criminal history that appears on employment forms. On many job applications, there is a box that asks if you have criminal record. If you answer yes, then a lot of times youre not getting a call back. Were going to do our part in changing this. The federal government i believe should not use criminal history to screen out applicants, before we even look at their qualifications. Ifill the president said roughly 70 million americans have some kind of criminal record. Woodruff two people who served on a papal Reform Commission have been arrested on suspicion they leaked confidential documents. Vatican Authorities Say a spanish priest and italian lay woman allegedly passed the information to journalists. Pope francis formed the now Defunct Commission in 2013 in an effort to address the vaticans secretive and complex financial holdings. Once again, people are trying to profit from stolen documents, and people with the trust of pope francis have betrayed it. People that the pope trusted, and thats hardly the way to help his mission. Woodruff francis predecessor, pope benedict, faced a similar document leak in 2012 that led to the arrest of his butler and a vatican computer technician. Ifill for the first time, an africanamerican cleric will lead the u. S. Episcopal church. Presiding Bishop Michael curry was installed sunday. In the face of dwindling membership, he urged the nations two million episcopalians to reach out to those of different racial and economic backgrounds. Curry succeeds katharine jefferts schori, the first woman to serve in the position. Woodruff wall street got the week off to a strong start, thanks to a rally in health care and energy stocks. The Dow Jones Industrial average gained 165 points to close near 17,830, putting it back in positive territory for the year. The nasdaq rose more than 70 points, and the s p 500 added 24. Ifill and, kansas city is celebrating today, after the royals won their first world series championship in 30 years. The royals rallied last night to beat the new york mets, 7to2, in 12 innings. And that gave them the title, 4 games to 1. Woodruff still to come on the newshour questions abound in the crash of a Russian Airliner. Jury selection and Racial Discrimination before the Supreme Court. Jeb bush tries to jumpstart his campaign. And much more. Ifill officials from at least five countries are investigating why a russian jetliner broke up in midair and crashed in egypt this weekend. There are many questions tonight, but little agreement so far that may explain what happened. Wreckage lay strewn across miles of desert after saturdays crash, leaving a giant, mangled puzzle for russian and egyptian investigators. Theyre looking for any clues to what downed the airliner and killed 224 people everyone on board. But as a top russian official at the scene said yesterday, that remains far from clear. translated initial examination showed that at the moment we cant exclude any version of the crash. We will be looking into all possibilities. Ifill what is known, is the flight took off from the resort town of Sharm El Sheikh bound for st. Petersburg. It had reached 31,000 feet cruising altitude when it broke up over the sinai peninsula, just 23 minutes after takeoff. Little else has been confirmed, and conflicting reports have fed confusion. In moscow today, a senior official with the Russian Airline metrojet pointed to some unnamed external factor. translated there are no such faults, like engine failure, system failure. There is no such combination of systems failure that could lead to a plane breaking up in the air. The only possible explanation for a break up of the aircraft in the air could be a certain impact, some mechanical or physical impact. Ifill asked if it was a terror attack, the official said only, anything is possible. But the russian governments chief aviation regulator said all such talk is premature. The russians also dismissed a claim that an Islamic State affiliate brought down the plane, saying the group does not have that ability. Meanwhile, reuters reported that initial data from the black box recorders shows no sign the plane was hit by a missile. They did not rule out sabotage or even a bomb on board. That left russian president Vladimir Putin to promise moscow will get to the bottom of the mystery. translated without any doubt, everything has to be done to make sure we have an objective description of what happened. We have to know what happened and to react in the appropriate way. Ifill but getting an objective description from russian or egyptian officials has proved difficult in previous crashes. In 1999, an egypt air flight went down off massachusetts. A u. S. Investigation found the copilot deliberately flew the plane into the ocean. But egypts government refused to accept that finding. And last year, Malaysia Airlines flight 17 crashed in eastern ukraine. An International Committee has since determined that russian backed rebels shot down the plane, a finding that moscow rejected. Meanwhile, bodies from this latest crash have begun arriving in st. Petersburg. The city is officially in mourning through tomorrow. So what do we know so far . For more, im joined by alan diehl, a investigator for the National Transportation safety board, and the author of air safety investigators using science to save lives. Alan diehl, i want to walk you through some of the theories weve heard so far today and heard just now on that tape. Lets talk first about the complete midair collision or failure. What is the possibility of that . Well, the wreckage the wreckage location pattern suggests there was some kind of inside breakup, but i dont think this happened at 31,000 feet, even though it spread over several miles. Thats a fairly tight and there is been report they were streaming as low as 5,000 feet. So the problem may have begun at 31,000 feet but i believe the aircraft was relatively intact down to lower altitudes perhaps as low as 5,000 feet. We know the tail is three miles from the main wreckage and there is other debris and bodies scattered in the area, but i dont think this aircraft came apart, like for example in Malaysia Flight did when it was hit by a large missile over ukraine. So its not consistent with a midair explosion at least not at that height . I would say not. But having done this 40 years, everything is preliminary and i can only speculate. I think the egyptians will do a very thorough job. We know oftentimes people say this is like putting a jigsaw puzzle together only, many times, you dont have all the pieces. I think weve got all the pieces right now. The recorders were in good shape. The egyptians had analyzed those. I think that was why they discounted the missile strike theory. Of course, the wreckage is in a desert area. This is not like the ukrainian crash where it was scattered over a very wide area. People were pilfering things, we think, and maybe even the rebels were eemoving things. So i think weve got all the parts of this jigsaw puzzle, but its going to tyke time for the players to come together. Its not just the russians thats doing the investigation. There are the egyptians. There are five countries. I think with the french involved, well get to the bottom of this fairly expeditiously. Ifill you mentioned the tail was some distance away from the other wreckage. There were also reports damage had been done to the planes tail some years ago that had been repaired. Whats the potential for weakness or metal stress or failure which would have created something this catastrophic . Well, weve seen this before in a 747 over japan, the worst single aircraft accident in the history, killed 520 people, the tail came off. Theyre called tail strikes. The aircraft tail bumps the ground on takeoff or landing. So this is a real possibility. But, again, gwen, they have the physical evidence and the egyptians seem to be doing a good job of protecting that. Ive noticed theyve put fences around the primary location. The me metalurjist will take ito the lab and find out if there was metal fatigue or a catastrophic failure for some other reason. I think well get to the bottom of this. Ifill will the black box be essential in finding out if pilot error could have been involved . Absolutely. As many have said, everything is still on the table. Another thing haves curious about this, and again these are initial reports confirmed by the egyptians, that the radar data suggested the plane didnt just suddenly dive out of the sky from 31,000 feet, that it actually entered a series of undulations where it climbed and dove a couple thousand feet before it made its final plunge toward the desert. Weve seen this in the past with these highly automated aircraft where pilots have been confused and perhaps shut down the wrong system. The automation is fed by other sensors and sometimes these sensors like in the air france accident in the south atlantic, in essence theyre feeding erroneous data to the computers and the computers do things to cause the pilots to be confuse and contribute. Pilot error, design error, take your pick, the lawyers will sort it out in future years, i guess. Alan diehl, Aviation Security consultant specialist. Thank you for helping us. Thank you, gwen. Woodruff and now we turn to the Supreme Court, where justices heard arguments in a Death Penalty case out of georgia that deals with race discrimination in the selection of jurors. We begin our coverage of that case with a version of a report that originally aired on the pbs Program Religion and ethics newsweekly. Correspondent tim obrien has the story. Reporter it was in 1986 in rome georgia, 79yearold queen white had just returned home to confront a burglar who would take her life. Prosecutors said it was this man, timothy foster, 18 years old at the time. Foster would be tried, convicted and sentenced to die by an all white jury. The u. S. Supreme court had ruled, only four months before this crime was committed, that while lawyers had wide latitude in selecting juries and may even excuse some prospective jurors without explaining why, race can never be a factor. Should it appear that race be the motive, the attorney must be able to provide race neutral reasons. The reasons given here, some are false, some are contradictory. In fact, on their list of people they were definitely going to strike the five African Americans were the first five listed. And there was only one other person on the list and it was a white woman. Reporter Stephen Bright runs the Southern Center for human rights in atlanta and will argue fosters case before the Supreme Court. Proving jurors were removed because of their race can be difficult, but lawyers from the center say they have come up with some persuasive new evidence. In the prosecutors files, they had racecoded and color coded all the black people in the list of the jurors. They had compared the black jurors against each other. In their notes, if we have to accept a black, maybe this one would be okay. and so, it all points in pretty much one direction which is race. Reporter a tenyear study of 332 criminal cases in louisiana found when there are at least three blacks on the jury, 12 of the defendants were acquitted. The acquittal rate rose to 19 with five or more black jurors. And no one was acquitted in the study when there were two or fewer black jurors. In all three groups, the defendants were overwhelmingly black. Kent scheidegger is legal director of the criminal justice legal foundation, a Victim Rights Group that supports Capital Punishment. Scheidegger says the fact that the prosecutors kept notes on the race of the juror does not prove Racial Discrimination but rather may help to refute it. The fact that you keep track of the race of the juror as you go through the process is not at all suspicious. In order to defend yourself against charges of discrimination, you have to keep track. Thats why every time we apply for a loan or a job or a School Admission were asked to specify race and thats all they were doing in this case. If all you wanted to know was information about the brach jurors, you wouldnt write things like, if we have to accept the black, maybe this one will be okay. Reporter you want his conviction set aside, but what more than that . What do you want the court to say . And one of the things i hope at the very least will come out of this case is that the court will require the reasons given be scrutinized much more carefully than they were in this case. Reporter last june, two justices formally urged the court to consider whether the United States is even capable of administering Capital Punishment in a constitutional manner. The justices stephen breyer, joined by Ruth Bader Ginsburg noted that the risk of executing an innocent person remains great, that factors such as race, gender and geography make the Death Penalty arbitrary. That the decades long delays between sentence and execution defeat the goals of deterrence and retribution, and that death sentences and execution are becoming increasingly unusual, down almost 70 in the last 15 years. I recognize that we are a court, not a legislature, but the matters i have discussed are judicial matters. They concern the infliction of an unfair, cruel and unusual punishment upon individuals at odds with a specific constraint that the constitution imposes upon the democratic process. Reporter the country appears to be slowly but inexorably away from Capital Punishment. If so, the Supreme Court may not be too far behind. Woodruff the justices also heard a case looking at the issue of online privacy. For more on both cases, we turn to marcia coyle of the national law journal, who was at the Supreme Court today. Welcome back, marcia. Lets talk first about the all white jury case. How important is it that the lawyers of this accused man, timothy foster, were able to get ahold of those original notes made by the prosecutor back in 1987 . Judy, i think how the justices view the notes is really crucial to mr. Fosters chance of getting a new trial. If the justices see race discrimination in those notes, that is a violation of the 14th amendment and he will get a new trial. Woodruff so tell us about the arguments before the court today. Sure. During the arguments, mr. Fosters attorney, steve bright, airing guide the notes represented an arsenal of smoking guns designed clearly to separate the africanamerican perspective jurors and prospective jurors and treat them differently, just as kagan asked the attorney why this wasnt a clear violation of the 1986 courts decision tas court was likely to see and georgias attorney said, well, the notes can be viewed in two ways. They could be viewed as the prosecutors preparation to defend against the claim of Racial Discrimination. Justice breyer said that was hard to believe because that reason, he said, was never given by the prosecutor until the case actually came to the spfnlgt so it appeared to the Supreme Court. So it appeared there hav there a number of justices sympathetic to mr. Fosters claim. Woodruff the justices were burned back when the lawyers for the state of georgia made that argument . Yes. There is a possibility the court will not reach the merits here. There is a procedural problem with the case that came up very late and the case may have to go back to the georgia Supreme Court for clarification. Woodruff what we said earlier in the program for there being wider implication depends on how the justices choose to do this. It could be focused on mr. Fosters case, but even if he wins, it sends a message to courts to look at the claims carefully. Justice Thurgood Marshall wrote that said the batson rule in 86 was not likely to end race discrimination in jury selection. The only way to end it was to eliminate discretionary jury strikes. There doesnt seem to be much sympathy for that. Woodruff lets talk about the other case the justices heard today having to do with Incorrect Information on a Search Engine about somebody on the internet and whether this constituted real harm done to this person. Tell us about the core of this case. Okay. Well, spokeo calls itself a peoples Search Engine. It collects information on individuals and that information is used in credit reports and for other purposes. Tom robbins, he searched for his name on spoke owe and, frankly, the information there was a mess. They got wrong his age, marital status, education, his employment, whether he had woodruff just about everything. Just about everything. So the fair credit reporting act imposes a series of regulatory requirements on credit reporting agencies. Congress passed it to ensure maximum accuracy in the reporting of this information, and it provides limited damages if the act the violated either negligently or willfully. Mr. Robbins went to court. He wanted to prove violation. He wanted to form a class action of other people who suffered similarly. He didnt get very far because the trial court, at least, dismissed his case saying you have to show, under the constitutions article 3, actual harm, actual injury, concrete injury, and you didnt. The 9th Circuit Court of appeals reversed said that just the violation of the statute alone is enough for you to have standing the right to go into knurled court. Thats the issue before the court. Is it enough to just find a violation of the statute or do you have to show something more . Woodruff what were the justices saying today . It appears they were divided. Justices kagan add societ sotomr said if someone disseminated false information about me, i would feel harmed and others would as well. That should be enough. Spokeos attorney counters, no, congress has to clearly state that its supplanting the constitutions rule of a concrete injury. Chief Justice Roberts seemed to agree saying we have legions of cases that require a concrete injury, not just a violation of the statute. So they appeared divided, judy. Its a very important case being closely watched by the business community, the tech companies, internet services, and on the other side closely watched by privacy organizations, civil rights groups, consumer groups. It may affect not only this statute, the fair credit reporting act, but similar laws that have an outright violation of a statute allowing an action for damages. Woodruff marcia coyle, spending much of this day with the Supreme Court. And more to come. Woodruff much more to come. Thank you, marcia. My pleasure, judy. Ifill stay with us, coming up on the newshour president erdogans quest for more power in turkey. How doomsday prophecies boost isis recruits. And british musician Elvis Costellos life and legend. But first, republican campaigns are making debate demands. Jeb bush goes for a reboot. And Bernie Sanders joins the ad wars. Its politics monday. As always, im joined by tamara keith of npr and amy walter of the cook political report. Lets start with the debate over debates. Why talk about the issues when you can talk about the debates . The latest thing that happened is the candidates, representatives met and tried to come up with a common deal that they were going to present to the networks and say this is the way these debates ought to go, no lightning rounds, no show of hands, that sort of thing, except that donald trump threw a little spin on the works. What a surprise. Ifill yeah. Donald trump wrote the art of the deal says im going to negotiate my own deal. Im not going to sign on a letter with 15 other candidates. This gets to the heart of it which debates doesnt matter, this year, last cycle, 100 years ago, debates are very different for very different candidates. If youre a frontrunning capt. As donald trump is, as ben carson, is you wont like debates because it puts the target weight on you, the focus on you, there is a lot of pressure on you. If you were a candidate struggling to get name i. D. , trying to break through, even loving debates because it may be the only opportunity you have to get in front of the public. Thats why john kasichs, Carly Fiorina campaigns says were not signing on and Chris Christies Campaign Said were fine with the way it is. Ifill this is a debate also over the moderators which is not a brandnew thing. Put aside the moment whether cnbc did the job they could have, the moderators are always the targets. There is a concern about going art the elites or moderators or how much time youre getting in the midding or after the debate. I think what we should talk about is this letter that maybe is falling apart, this effort for campaigns to negotiate directly with the networks are trying to take it back to 2008 where the networks would go to the candidates and say we would like to have a debate, lets talk. This time the rnc was trying to protect the candidates from the mess of the debates in 2012, trying to create a system that would protect the candidates and now the candidates are saying, mmm, this protection you offered, we dont know if we like it either. Ifill should have been said a lot of the things in the letter look like guarantees in general election debates. Reverse shots, whether all the guys can agree. I want to ask a little bit about jeb bush. Its generally agreed even he said he didnt do as well in this debate. Take off the suit coat, ditch the glasses, get rid of the purple striped tie cheers and applause i like the tie i like this tie. It only costs 20 bucks. Some advice is more strategic nail that zinger, be angrier, hide your walk. I cant be something im not. cheering the campaign trail is littered with candidates disguised as television critics, politicians echoing polltested palbum, but leadership is far different. Ifill there was a lot of enthusiasm in the room and thats what he was going for, i take it. He had enthusiasm in the room, on the internet not so much. You saw there this jeb can fix it, it became a hashtag. They wanted it to become a hashtag. I dont know if they wanted what they god, people on the internet making fun of jeb bush all day. This was his relaunch and people were saying jeb bush can fix it with all kinds of goofy photo shots. He said hes a grinder which is not the same as joyful. The problem with jeb bush is not his glasses or tie or suit jacket, its his last name which he cant do anything about and his message which isnt with the time were in. This has been a problem from the beginning. Republican voters said we dont like the idea of a bush name. They dont like the legacy name and they think hes part of the dynasty. Then he says of his messages, im a fixer, a doer, i have experience. If you look at the most recent poll that came out from pew research, they asked republican primary voters, do you want somebody whos experienced or someone with new and fresh ideas. The experienced candidate, 29 wanted that. 65 want something new and different. So hes selling something voters arent saying they want. Ifill lets turn to the democrats. Weve seen Bernie Sanders hired a pollster. Yes. Ifill hired a pollster and also put out his first biographical ad which tells you a little about his background and uses the Time Magazine cover in which he says they call themselves socialists and hes trying to tell people what, tamara . First, he tried to tell people hes an unconventional candidate. The tone is different from the bio ads where you get to know the candidate. There is hyper speed of this is all you feed to know about 40 years of Bernie Sanders. The long lingering shot of Martin Luther king, hes definitely sending a signal there. Hes all in the civil rights movement, he wants people to know that. At the end, sweeping images of him surround bid massive crowds and the energy hes been generating all over the country and also a tag line that says Something Like an honest leader, which he isnt explicitly making a contrast, Hillary Clinton has had honesty and trustworthy issues. Ifill is he trying to do what they say they will do which is energize a new class of voter . No, he needs to introduce him solve to voters that dont know him. This was about going to voters who are unaware of who Bernie Sanders is. Specifically africanamerican, latino voters, in the introduction he remarks of the fact his father was an immigrant to this country and theyre trying to make him a threedimensional character. He is a granddad, a father, more than just the caricature we saw on saturday night live that likes to pound on the podium. He knows he needs to broaden his appear to a white liberal base. Takes Hillary Clintons one grandchild and multiplies it by seven and makes the point if you like that about her you will like all of this about me, too. Is she acting any way that we know or shes staying low. However, a new web video on facebook where shes talking about her granddaughter charlotte who learned how to say grandma. Ifill i have a feeling well hear a lot about charlotte as the Campaign Goes along. Thank you both very much. Youre welcome. Woodruff we turn now to turkey, a nation at the forefront of the refugee crisis and a critical and often problematic partner to the u. S. In the americanled coalition against the Islamic State. The country has been in political limbo since junes election there failed to election there failed to produce a clearcut winner. That all changed last night when president recip erdogans party emerged victorious in sundays snap election. Supporters say the win is a return to stability. But as special correspondent Malcolm Brabant reports, others fear the results are a giant step towards autocratic rule. Reporter the call to prayer rang out around central istanbul today, reinforcing the message that after five months of political instability and uncertainty, turkey is now back on a familiar track, under the firm control of the islamic firm control of the islamic a. K. Or a. K. Party, founded by president recip tayyip erdogan. Political analysts here believe most turks rejected the opposition parties, because they needed a sense of security during a dangerous time. But not everyone in Taksim Square was happy. So many prisoners in turkey. Cant say what youre thinking, exactly. I dont feel free. Im also a bit scared. I think our people selec i think our people selected stability once again. And i think they decided well with a Single Party Government again. Reporter as the a. K. Party celebrated last night, the Prime Minister urged his parliamentarians to employ humility instead of triumphalism. President erdogan wasnt giving much away about his intentions today. translated the national will manifested itself on nov. 1 in favor of stability. After the shortterm developments, the national will decided that there is no way out other than choosing stability. They decided in favor of stability. I hope this outcome will be good for our people and our country. Reporter but International Observers complained about election irregularities. Representing european representing European Election monitors, Andreas Gross urged president erdogan to end turkeys divisions and to be less authoritarian. Fear is the enemy of democracy, enemy of free choice, and in this sense we are disappointed by the quality of the process. And in light of this, it is even more vital. This is an appeal that the president works in the future for a more inclusive political process. Reporter leading turkish political analyst cengiz aktar believes president erdogan is now on course to get a referendum aimed at boosting his executive powers. If he has a role model in the world, its probably Vladimir Putin. So i think he will run by decree. He will just use the parliament when he needs to use the parliament, and he will put in practice his ideas and ideology that he thinks is the right thing for this country, for the people of this country, without asking anything to anyone. Anyone. Reporter but etyen majcupyan, a Senior Advisor to the Prime Minister, predicts that turkish muslims will not tolerate president erdogan emulating his russian counterpart, and believes their relationship with the a. K. Party is key to turkeys future success. If democracy is right for this country, it arrives through the hands of the conservative community, and as long as this party can talk to them, can carry their voices and so on and so forth, it will be the party. Reporter political Analysts Expect to see a new self confidence from the turkish government. They dont expect any big change in policies towards the refugee crisis. The a. K. Party will press ahead with efforts to join the european union. And most importantly, for the United States, it will insist on having a big say in what happens in syria. For the pbs newshour, im Malcolm Brabant in istanbul. Ifill now, another addition to the newshour bookshelf. As the u. S. Steps up military efforts against the Islamic State in syria, a question persists how did this extremely brutal group emerge so rapidly . A new book offers one answer the isis apocalypse the history, strategy and doomsday vision of the Islamic State. Its author is early islam historian william mccants, senior fellow and project director at the brookings institution. He spoke recently with chief Foreign Affairs correspondent margaret warner. Reporter bill mccants, welcome. You suggest at the beginning of the book it was triggered by a question your father asked which is why do they do that . Is this a book in answer to that . Thats right, my dad is 85 years old and like most persons many he watches the news and cant understand why a group like the Islamic State is so brutal to people and why theyd be so extreme in their actions and its for him and people like him that i wrote this book. Reporter so you, as your title says, chalk it up to its apock limiting vision. What is that vision . The Islamic State believes the end of the world is approaching and it believes it reestablished gods kingdom on earth that will wage an epic battle against the infidels before it tumbles down. Reporter that drives them, what, with a special sense of urgency . Gives them a special sense of urnlingurgency but also has been terrific for recruiting. They have been able to attract a lot of foreigners to their cause and many foreigners based on interviews with journalists say the reason theyre there is they believe the world is coming to an end and the Islamic State is a fulfillment of professors is d theyre traveling there to do their bit. Reporter many of these villages arent villages at all and certainly arent prophets of islam. Why would it appeal to them . Many dont know about islamic scripture and not particularly religious many of them, but are intoxicated by fighting endtimes battles and absolving their own sins. The first crusaders what set out to take over jerusalem were fired by the same sort of visions even though many of them werent very religious. Reporter how is the horrific brutality and publicized of these videos, why is that part of it . For many apocalyptic groups throughout history, the apocalypse can be an ex excuse for extreme violence because the normal rules dont apply. In many of the videos of these horrible acts they will make reference to they are fulfilling prophecy. Reporter they even talk about a small town in syria nir the Turkish Border named dabiq. Its a town that one prophecy says will be the site of a massive battle with the infa december so the isks took over the town in preparation for the battle. Reporter you also say the tour mile in the middle east in the last 15 years has given evidence at least to the leaders of the Islamic State that the end of the days is near. Thats right, extreme violence, political upheaval invites this kind of apocalyptic framework where more stable times would not. It also provides the opportunity for the groups like the Islamic State to take advantage of the chaos an in order to try and fulfill prophecy. Reporter the invasions of the United States will be per received as the conflict, particularly in syria . Particularly sunni muslims, apocalyptic thinking became more popular after 2003 when the u. S. Invaded iraq. Reporter you translated original documents from the quran and the prophet muhammads prophecies. These comes from statements attributed to muhammad which many conservative muslims regard as scripture second only to the quran. So early islamic scripture is filled with these kind of prophecies. Reporter are they at the heart of it . They are and for many muslims are important particularly when there is political upheaval in the countries in which they live. Reporter what about the leader of the Islamic State, the caliph hes proclaimed himself, Abu Bakr Albaghdadi . Do you get a sense he really believes this or just a ticket to power . He is a religious scholar by training. From his early days his nickname was the believer because he had a very strict type of piety and there is nothing thats come to light so far that suggests hes using these prophecies cynically. Reporter he calls it a changing of the guards in the al quaida movement al quaida would downplay these prophecies. The Islamic State plays up the prophecies and uses them to motivate fighters for the exact task of state building and given the political instability in the arab world, i think well see much more of it. So no going back . No, no going back. Its an idea whose time as come for the jihadist movement. Reporter what recourse is the u. S. And its allies . They have to contain the problem. Its not going to be possible to put this genie back in the bottle. Reporter and what would it take to resolve these sectarian conflicts . Well, fundamentally, its going to require some tough political deals. The disenfranchisement of the sunnis is what the Islamic State thrives on and until those sunnis are brought back into the political process, groups like the Islamic State will continue to thrive. Reporter and the u. S. Will play their little role in that . Thats right, because most of the americans partners in the regions have higher priorities than the destruction of the Islamic State. Reporter bill mccants, thank you. Thank you. Woodruff finally tonight, a most unusual autobiography about a life in rocknroll and beyond. Elvis costello talks about his new memoir, unfaithful music and disappearing ink. Jeffrey brown has the story from new york. Brown in his new memoir, Elvis Costello writes about his father ross mcmanus trying to make it in liverpool as a bee bop jazz musician. I have a clipping hat says the quintet directly from their engagement in paris and london and at that time orange they actually played across globe. Never happened, never been out of the neighborhood. Brown he was sort of making it up. That was good. That was the dream of it to do that. Brown the father would go to a successful singing career with one of prints leading dance fans doing cover songs of popular music. Even folk songs like if i had a hammer. Id ring about the love between my brothers and sisters all over this land brown the son born decklin mcmanus would become a lead rock and roll singer. singing he was part of the punk scene back then but when we talked about the village vanguard recently, kos tell so said he never himself that way. I think early on i worked out that if i adopted a less cooperative personality when speaking to people, they would leave me alone. Brown simple as that, huh . I created this character accidentally. Then i realized, hey, that works. It gets tedious to keep it up because you never drop it down and can just laugh. Brown thats what im wondering. You think of it as a character. Not a character, just happened spontaneously, and then you see the effect and play into the effect. Brown the book sort of tells the story of you becoming more yourself or allowing yourself to be less of that character and more who you actually are . I think its a process of, you know, adventure, misadventure, you know, personally. Im realizing you cant keep you know, its not like im denying the nature of the songs, but just carrying on like that was just tiring. Its just like you run out of drinks to drink. You know, that kind of thing . And then there were just other songs to sing and other lives to live. Brown over the years, other songs came, many as costello took on a wide range of other styles of music. The whole night through instead of having sweet dreams about you brown an album with bert bacarac, one with a string quartet, and much more to this day. But it began, he writes, at home as a child, when his father was passing on records he was listening to for his own work and both parents had eclectic tastes. I didnt study french so i didnt know the word genre. I didnt have a sense of there being different kinds of music. My dad would get passions for bach and then the classics and irish music. My mother loved singers like sinatra and ella fitzgerald. So i heard all those as well as the 60s pop music that came out whether from the beatles or motown, and its all just throwing through and didnt seem like you had to choose. Brown what about when it came to performing and putting yourself forward . Theres the taking of your name and not only just your name but a big name, elvis. I just felt my family name mcmanus is hard to say on the telephone, didnt look attractive written down, it sort of suggested a guy in a cable knit sweater singing wailing songs. So i wanted something a lilt groovier. So i adopted that part. In addition my father made records in the 60s under assumed names because he made money on the side from his contracted gig as a band stand singer. He made records under frank bacon and the baconneers laughter in the nobelist tradition of drew carrington. Brown the memoir moves back and forth, connecting moments, experiences, revelations. But its all there, the way out working with many of todays great musicians and the many downs, broken marriage, too much drinking, a loss of control over what he wanted to be doing. You can be addicted to misery the same way you can be addicted to crack. Brown you felt yourself addicted to misery . I am a fairly darkdispositioned person, have been, but you can start to like it. I was a skeptic, but when you start to settle for that, its not good. Brown he also sings of happier times, including his marriage to the jazz singer diana, and they have twin 8yearold sons. Hes washing dishes and baby clothes brown and he brings the story full circle with the death of his father four years ago. His passing was poignant in the way that i related it because he having been a very vivid personality, the nature of his demise was through parkinsons and it erased him little by little which music was his last companion. That was very moving for me. Brown was that part of the impetus for you to write this book . The impetus to get it finished in a form you see it. Certainly because i was able to talk with him in clarity as i saw him shutting down. In tend, i felt like i had the responsibility while it was still clear in my mind to get it on the page for smib who is in any way interested in how i came to do what i did. Even if i had never published it, i would have written it for my sons because i am the last best witness. Brown unfaithful music and disappering ink, Elvis Costello. Thank you. Thank you. Ifill on the newshour online it has one of the worlds lowest Internet Penetration rates, but now cuba is making it a little easier for people to send something as simple as an email. But how will 35 new wifi hot spots in parks and schools across the country meet demand in a country of 11 million . Read how havana is addressing connectivity in its more open world. That story is on our homepage. Pbs. Org newshour. Woodruff tune in later tonight, on charlie rose hewlettpackard c. E. O. Meg whitman, and author Charlie Savage on president obamas power wars. And thats the newshour for tonight. On tuesday, well talk with the woman in charge of the u. N. s upcoming summit on climate change. Im Judy Woodruff ifill and im gwen ifill. Join us online, and again here tomorrow evening. For all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by and by the alfred p. Sloan foundation. Supporting science, technology, and improved Economic Performance and Financial Literacy in the 21st century. And the william and flora supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org this is bbc world news america. Funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation, newmans own Foundation Giving all profits from newmans own to charity and pursuing the common good. Kovlar foundation pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs, and Sony Pictures classics now presenting truth. Ladies and gentlemen, dan rather. Whats our next move . I might have something for the election. The president may have gone awol. He never even showed up. Parts of his file. Do you have these documents . Tonight we have new information