Berra. All that and more on tonights pbs newshour. Moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the support of these institutions and. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff washington went from a fulltime focus on politics and government today to a fulltime focus on pope francis. William brangham reports on this first full day of the popes first visit to the United States. Reporter the south lawn of the white house was a sea of expectant faces this morning, as more than 11,000 turned out to witness the sights and the sounds of a full white house welcome. The pomp and circumstance contrasted with the pontiffs own modest arrival in a small gray fiat. He was greeted by the president and first lady. And by the cheering throng. Holy father, on behalf of michelle and myself, welcome to the white house. Our backyard is not typically this crowded but the size and spirit of todays gathering is just a small reflection of the deep devotion of some 70 million american catholics. Reporter mr. Obama used the occasion to commend pope francis for his calls to action on several fronts in the president s words, shaking us out of complacency you remind us that the lords most powerful message is mercy. That means welcoming the stranger with empathy and a truly open heart from the refugee who flees war torn lands, to the immigrant who leaves home in search of a better life. And, holy father, you remind us that we have a sacred obligation to protect our planet gods magnificent gift to us. Reporter mr. Obama also thanked the pope for assisting the diplomatic thaw between the u. S. And cuba. Francis then delivered his own message in a soft voice and halting english most notably, on the challenge of a warming planet. Reporter that appeal seemed sure to please the political left, but the pope took a conservative tack, too, reaffirming that roman catholics want their belief in traditional marriage respected. Reporter pope and president then moved inside, for a closed door, 40minute meeting in the oval office. And from there, francis moved on to a parade in his honor. In his signature popemobile, he traveled along the National Mall and was greeted by thousands of screaming supporters. At one point, a young girl ran through security barricades, the motorcade stopped, and at the popes urging secret Service Agents brought the child to him. After that, it was on to st. Matthews cathedral to meet with american bishops. Francis led a prayer service, and under a mosaic of saint matthew, he spoke in italian of the need for the American Church to emerge from a longrunning sexual abuse scandal. translated i realize how much the pain of recent years has weighed upon you and i have supported your generous commitment to bring healing to victims in the knowledge that in healing we too are healed and to work to ensure that such crimes will never be repeated. Reporter all this was preamble for the main event of the papal day a canonization mass held at the National Shrine of the immaculate conception. Some 25,000 people poured onto the grounds to hear the popes words, with habits that make us feel safe while at our door people are starving. We are indebted to tradition, a chain of witnesses who have made it possible for the good news of the gospel to be in every generation. Reporter as part of the service, the pope conferred sainthood on a franciscan from spain who brought catholicism to spain in the 1700s. It marked the first canonization held on u. S. Soil. But the move was not met with universal praise. American indian groups and others argue that serra helped wipe out indigenous populations and enslaved converts. The mass capped off the popes first full day in washington. Tomorrow, hell address a joint meeting of congress before going on to new york and philadelphia. Woodruff and for more, i spoke with william a short time ago. Hes outside the National Shrine fo the immaculate conception. So, william, youve watched the pope arrive for this mass. What have you seen . Hi, judy. Its just been a tremendous response that the pope has been getting here. We have been at the National Shrine for the last several hours. Incredible security to get through here. Most of the families weve met have been waiting here since 9, 10, 11 00 this morning to get in, but everyone seemed to be in good spirits. They were thrilled to see the pope up close. When he came in at 5 00 tonight, he drove his popemobile right through the middle of the crowd. An interesting reaction. The group in the seated section closer to the basilica itself offered polite, muted applause for him. The crowd in the standing room area went absolutely wild for him, just enthusiastic, erupting, cheering, waving, just a really tremendous reaction. Woodruff it seems hes the one whos enjoying this a lot, as well. I saw him this morning, reaching out, shaking hands, big smile on his face. Then this afternoon, he asked the security people to bring children over to him so he could kiss them while he was in the popemobile downtown washington. Its very much a twoway street here. I think thats right. I think he obviously feeds off of the reaction. Hes known as this pope who just wants to have impromptu meetings with people and very much loves the serendipity of the moments. Obviously that poses great complications for people who are trying to protect him and keep him on schedule but we saw a little of that as he came through. Hes a 78yearold man. He was a little tired. By the end of the day today, he was a little tired and felt like most of his mass tonight was a very subdued affair but clearly hes Getting Energy from the crowds here. Woodruff about this canonization of a spanish missionary in california, its something thats been pretty controversial. Tell us about this. Well, Junipero Serra is the man whos the most recent catholic saint added to the pantheon of saints and he is beloved by catholics by being an incredible evangelist, came up from mexico and california in the 1700s and converted and evangelized to a lot of Indigenous People living there at the time. Now conversion and evangelization is one thing from a catholic perspective. From the native american perspective, that can seem like a very different interaction, and he had been criticized by indigenous groups for serras very rough treatment of the people. The pope has endured continued varies and in the past has apologized for the sins of colonization as he said, but he Still Believes serras mission is a powerful one and one he wants to hold up to the entire catholic world. Woodruff William Brangham following pope francis as he conducts mass in washington. Thank you, william. Reporter thank you, judy. Woodruff in the days other news. The head of the german Automaker Volkswagen is out, amid a scandal over rigging diesel cars to pass pollution tests. C. E. O. Martin winterkorn announced today hes stepping down. He denied any personal wrongdoing, but in a statement, said germanys economy minister warned today against assuming the scandal will do lasting harm to v. W. , or the german economy. Two imprisoned aljazeera journalists received president ial pardons, in a case thats drawn international attention. Hours later, canadian Mohamed Fahmy and Egyptian National baher mohammed, joined by their wives, were released in cairo. They had been arrested in december 2013 and convicted of reporting what the government called false news. Where are we going to start . I dont know. What are we going to do . Were going to travel the world, were going to celebrate, were going to party and you know we just really hope that this is. Our families have suffered so much since the beginning of this trial and were very happy that president sissi took this action and released us. Woodruff a third aljazeera journalist had already been deported. The coup in the west african nation of burkina faso is apparently over, after just one week. The interim president of the country announced today hes returned to power. He had the backing of the military, which opposed the coup by members of the president ial guard. Burkina faso is supposed to hold elections next month. Chinese president xi jinping turned his attention to doing Business Today on the first leg of his visit to the u. S. Xis tour of a boeing plant near seattle coincided with news that chinese firms will buy 300 aircraft. And, he spoke of broader cooperation with the u. S. translated in the last 36 years since china and the United States established diplomatic relations, our relationship has been forging forward. I intend to have indepth exchange of views with president obama and other american leaders to make sure that this relationship will deliver more tangible benefits to people in our two countries and elsewhere in the world. Woodruff in a seattle speech last night, xi also said the u. S. And china can Work Together to address cybercrimes. U. S. Officials have strongly suggested china wasehd a huge breach of federal personnel records. Now, it turns out the hackers stole 5. 6 million fingerprint images. That number, from the office of personnel management, is five times more than first reported. The images were part of applications for federal security clearances. President obama is voicing doubts that a u. N. Summit in paris this year will do enough to cut carbon emissions. In Rolling Stone magazines latest cover story, he says even so, the president says he hopes for aggressive enough targets. Wall street had another down day, driven by Falling Oil Prices and weak factory data. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 50 points to close at 16,280. The nasdaq fell four points. And the s p 500 also dropped four. And. Today marked the high point of the hajj, the annual pilgrimage of muslims to mecca. Some 2 Million People made their way to mount arafat, outside the city for a day of prayer and repentance. Many held umbrellas to shield against the sun. Still to come on the newshour an emergency meeting of europes leaders to address the refugee crisis. Can the u. S. Government avoid a shutdown next week . Plus, the priest who oversees one half of congress on the popes speech at the capitol. And much more. More than 2,500 refugees arrived on the greek island of lesbos today, representing a sharp spike in arrivals on the island. In brussels, European Union leaders held tense discussions. They are split on the continents response to the unfolding crisis. Haris sreenavasan has more. Sreenivasan those tense discussions have centered on how many refugees will be resettled across the 28 countries of the European Union, and who will pay for them. But as ministers talked in brussels, the arrivals of refugees and migrants continued in athens, which is where special correspondent Malcolm Brabant is tonight. Reporter dawn on a typical day on the migrant trail the arrival at athens main port of a ferry from lesbos, the island where most Asylum Seekers enter greece. Just one ship disgorges some 2,000 people. Sometimes there are three ferries a day a fraction of the problem being discussed by european leaders who met in brussels this evening. Many have not eaten during the 15hour voyage, so they storm a feeding station set up by a group of muslims from northern england. This crisis is undermining the twodecade experiment of a united europe, as prime ministers and president s fight over how to respond to the influx. Meanwhile, ordinary citizens are doing what they can in this case, trying to provide more than 1,000 meals a day. Obviously, life as they know it doesnt exist any more. If i knew what europe could do, i wouldnt be here. All i know is these people are homeless. Theyre foodless. Whatever we can do to help them. Reporter similar chaotic scenes play out in athens Victoria Square, where hungry Migrant Children fight to grab a milk carton from a Charity Bundle delivered by a greek. This square is a staging post for those at the wrong end of the refugee class system devised by europe. Priority has been given to syrians, eritreans and iraqis, but many of those in victoria are from central asia, and the afghans especially wonder why the continuing conflict in their country is not considered as perilous. You know better. In afghanistan theres a war. Taliban, daesh, because people dont war, people want peace. Reporter but in brussels the argument is over the present and a plan to distribute 120,000 refugees by mandatory quotas across the 28 members of the European Union. We have now reached a critical point where we need to end this cycle of mutual recriminations and misunderstandings. Today our debate must be based on fact, not illusions and emotions. Reporter heads of states convened this evening to discuss Financial Assistance to help with the refugees both in europe and in the middle east. But the main debate was on the quota deal, voted through by a majority of european interior ministers yesterday. It came over the loud objections of four countries the Czech Republic, romania, hungary and slovakia, whose foreign minister blasted the plan. translated slovakia will file a legal complaint against mandatory redistribution of refugees on the basis of we will not implement these decisions of the interior ministers, because the quotas are meaningless. The system will not work and slovakia will not be forced to adopt quotas. Reporter the european deal to resettle 120,000 migrants has been criticized by the u. N. Refugee agency, the u. N. H. C. R. Its spokeswoman said the relocation plan will not be sufficient to solve the crisis. Its just 120,000 over two years, she said. Considering that as of today almost 480,000 people have arrived in europe this year by boat, and 84 are coming from refugeeproducing countries, this is clearly something that is not enough. The Commission President is reportedly promising measures to speed up deportation that failed Asylum Seekers. So many of the people in Victoria Square could have paid a fortune and risked their lives for nothing. For the pbs newshour, athens. Sreenivasan we take a closer look at europes approach to the crisis, with william swing, director general of the International Organization for migration and former u. S. Diplomat. And david osullivan, the European Unions ambassador to washington. Ambassador sullivan, starting with you, whats happening in europe now . Seems a tension between sovereignty and solidarity. You have countries like hungary, romania, the Czech Republic and slovakia saying this idea to distribute 120,000 migrants across their countries undermines their independence. Well, we are having a healthy discussion, as we often do in europe, about how to deal with this particular crisis. This is a global crisis. Europe and a number of our Member States find themselves at the sharpened of one aspect of it which is the sudden increase in Asylum Seekers arriving initially through the mediterranean and now by land. We are having to cope with this, find ways of taking the pressure off those front line Member States. There was an important decision taken yesterday. Of course, this is not easy for some of our Member States, but i would like to emphasize what europe has been doing in terms of addressing the problem in the med traimediterranean with seard rescue, nearly 122,000 lives saved with a naval effort to try to break the smugglers who are exploiting the people, assistance to italy and greece to help them cope. The real problem lies in syria and the many millions of people instead of just hundreds of thousands who are displaced living both in syria and neighboring countries who have had to show shoulder an enormous burden. Europe is one of the largest donors to those countries to try to help them but we all need to do morehous more. Sreenivasan ambassador, what happens when the countries say they dont want these people there . This is an evolutionary process. I think we are encouraged by teff luges of europes policy particularly sent april of last year where the emphasis became saving life, the increase of the number of ships tryin trying too search and rescue and then the big decision yesterday on pling the number of relocations up to 160,000. This is really the shortterm aspect of the policy. Europe is still trying to pursue a very elusive objective to common migration and asylum policy, so a good way to go there. We also need to keep it in perspective. 480,000 now have come into the e. U. But we also need to remember that countries like ethiopia, 700,000 ref jess, kenya 400,000, sudan 200,000, and lebanon with 5 million inhabitants has more than a million theyre hosting. So we need to keep it in perspective. Its not so much a problem to be solved as a human reality that has to be managed by sensible people, and were very pleased to see that so many of the European Union states did agree now to the formula of 160,000. Sreenivasan ambassador osullivan, as you and ambassador swing mentioned, what about the rest of the populations, 120,000 seems like a big number but 80 to 90 of even the Syrian Refugees are sitting in libya, jordan, lebanon. When they see the opportunity to come to europe, this might be the time for them. I think indeed the situation of those displace people has to be our top priority. The fact is that the International Agencies have basically run out of money. The the European Union announced today its intention to increase even beyond the 4 billion we have been giving until now and the United States is also a major donor in the area. We need to do more. Were calling on the International Community to step up, give more money to the food program. Weve created a trust fund for syria which we hope other countries will contribute to. We put 1. 8 billion into a trust fund for africa to help with the countries that ambassador swing was talking about because sub Saharan Africa is also a potential crisis point. So, yes, this is a global crisis. Europe sex personsing the consequences of it in one way, but we should not lose sight of the fact we really need to create conditions to help lebanon, jordan and turkey in particular, give the people who are there decent food, shelter, medical care and so forth, while we try to solve the political problem in syria which would hopefully enable as many people as possible to come home. Sreenivasan ambassador osullivan, is this threatening the 22 countries that now allow freexd travedsnx between them wn you see one country starting to put up barbed wire and other countries asking for passport controls . No, not at all. Free movement in europe is one of our great achievements. In a moment of coping with large numbers of Asylum Seekers, temporary controls can be reintroduced, but the commission called for them to be dismantled as we try to dealni with the members of the states including helping them process the applications. Once the people look for asylum, there is a complex, Legal Process which has to be followed which is quite laborintensive and we are proposing to help the Member States who are challenged in this way to process these people correctly and make sure they are kept in the best conditions possible during that. Sreenivasan ambassador swing, what about the notions countries have, security concerns, economic concerns, political concerns before letting thousands or hundreds of thousands of people in . There is no question that a lot of the policies today are being driven by an unprecedented antimigrant sentiment afoot in the world, not just europe but other countries. Its driven by the fears of the 20082009 economic downturn when perhaps ones going to lose ones job. Its driven by the post9 11 security syndrome where people are afraid, obviously, of terrorists coming in. Its also driven by a sense of loss of personal national identity. These are stereotypes that dont really meet the reality that historically migration has always been overwhelmingly positive, and we need to get back to a positive narrative in the public rather than the toxic narrative that we have now, and to do this were going to have to help everyone to learn to manage ine growing in cultural d religious diversity in our countries. Sreenivasan thanks so much for joining us. Woodruff congress is exactly one week away from another funding deadline and another possible government shutdown. But with the popes visit this week, lawmakers will not get back to the issue until late tomorrow. So how close will we get to a shutdown . Im joined by political director so, lisa, given this debate about planned parenthood thats been going on for weeks and weeks, where does this stand . All the heated debate and important topics, it comes to the calendar. First of all, the deadline that matters is september 30, the they dont get the votes needed. How will Congress Fund the government, leaving these three days, tuesday and wednesday, to leave congress to figure it out. Not a lot of time or space to do that. Woodruff the real threat as you and i were talking earlier is in the house where you have the determined group of republicans saying no matter what theyre not going to vote to fund planned parenthood. 4xq 30 members says no way will they vote for anything that funds planned parenthood, which may be one of the only options from the senate. They sayxd they wont vote for t probably meaning Speaker Boehner probably doesnt have enough republican votes to pass it. Other republicans see it as a moral vote. If you do the math, probably obvious republicans will need democrats to Fund Government at this point and its not clear exactly what the plan is. Thats why the concern now. Not a clear plan for how they get out of this. Reporter two quick questions Speaker Boehner, is it known where he stands on a government shutdown. He and others have said, no, we do not want a government shutdown. Thats been his mantra. However, how he avoids one is another question. I got off a phone with a veteran member of congress who said no one in leadership in the house or senate wants a shutdown however, his words, accidents do happen. Thats how they look at 2013. The dynamics then are similar to now. There was a caucus that dug in, would not a support a funding bill that supported the Affordable Care acts that same caucus saying it wont support anything that funds planned parenthood. Woodruff if the democrats are called on, what will they do . Theyre a little in the cat birds seat because Speaker Boehner may want to keep them running, doesnt want the blowback. They would like to see the export, import bank reauthorized. Thats something they would like on the table as discussions go forward. Again, no one knows whats going to happen. Its possible they do another short term, but very possible accidents can happen. Woodruff whyco you and others will watch it so closely. Lisa desjardins, thank you. Sure. Woodruff stay with us. Coming up on the newshour a new book explores whether putins actions in ukraine are setting up a new cold war. And remembering yogi berra. For what he did, and said. But first, tomorrow pope francis heads to capitol hill, where he will address a joint meeting of congress. The pontiff will speak from the same podium where the house chaplain, father patrick conroy, delivers the opening prayer each morning. Conroy is a Catholic Priest and a jesuit, who has served as the chaplain for both Georgetown University and seattle university, and most recently taught high school students, before coming to washington d. C. Gwen sat down with father pat, as he is affectionately known, to talk about the popes visit to capitol hill and the interesting flock he tends. Thank you for joining us. So here you are on capitol hill. The pope, the big boss is arriving. Is that exciting . Well, i imagine the popes coming is a setting for any catholic. His coming is exciting for me. Although im not all that anxious about it because i know that im going to get to meet him, and it will be the first time that i have met a pope in my lifetime, and, so, its a great blessing to me and kindni of, you know, how did this happen that i actually get to greet him here at the capitol. As the chaplain to have the house of representatives, the opportunity to greet pope francis, does it carry a special weight . Does it make you a much more popular guy than you were a couple of weeks ago . laughter wouldnt that be nice. I dont know that it makes me more popular. Most of the questions that at least around here that came my way was when he was elected. You know, this guys a jesuit. What id like to point out is all jesuits at some point in their training have to Teach High School students, and i think its been noticeable with pope francis that, when he says things, its like people think for the first time say, i can understand what hes saying. Because of that, a lot of people think hes been saying a lot of new things and, of course, what a lot of the commentators have been telling you if you have been following at all is he hasnt been saying a lot of new things. 4 different emphasis. There is been that, no doubt about that. But when he talks about, for example, talks about the economy needs to be in service to people, you know, not to stock options, not to corporation earnings, that needs to be in service to people, that is longstanding catholic teaching. You make an interesting point. Hes the pope, after all, but people are reading him differently, theyre reading him as more accessible, more concerned about social justice. Is that a correct reading . Yes, the perceiving part is actually true. The previous popes were also concerned about social justice. It communicating it was usually in more church talk and Church Language and reference to church documents, which most people know nothing about. So when pope francis talks, hes talking about the poor as he personally has known them throughout his entire ministry in latin america. As a spiritual resource for a congress which doesnt always get along always . Always ever get along, does that make your job really difficult . Thats what the job is, i guess, you know. In an odd way, most of my jesuit life has prepared me to be here as ani campus minister. I was working with student populations that were arguably a plurality if not majority catholic, but i was working with all students, so my coming here and working with a diverse population is what i have been doing most of my ministerial life, anyway, so that hasnt been hard. Ifill except this community is severely polarized. Well, thats true. I have found this difficult when i slipped into it is thinking that my ministry was to fix or heal that polarization. Ifill its not . Certainly one hopes my presence and influence could do that. But if i were thinking that thats what my job were, i would be in deep therapy now and maybe notni even here. But when i understand or the way ive chosen to see this is that my job is to pray every day for a miracle let us pray. To ask god to work a miracle here. Here. Ifill lets put this in the context of the popes visit. The popes visit, does it provide an opportunity for access to that miracle, some sort of unity . Pope francis is a remarkably attractive individual. Ive had, actually, a number of noncatholic and even nonchristian people say this to me he makes me want to be ani better person, or he makes me want to be a better christian, or he makes me want to be a better jew. So there is something about the popes authenticity that people seem to be responding to. This isnt message. This is, like, authenticity. Ifill a prayer for authenticity. I like that whole idea, father patrick conroy. Thanks for talking to us. Youre welcome. nixd woodruff now, another addition to the newshour bookshelf. In march of 2014, russia annexed the ukrainian territory of crimea. In the last year and a half russia also has encouraged if not outwardly supported militarily separatists in eastern ukraine. The motivations behind these actions, as well as the response of the west, particularly the United States, is the focus of a new book by veteran Diplomatic Correspondent marvin kalb, imperial gamble putin, ukraine and the new cold war. He spoke with margaret warner. Reporter marvin kalb, welcome. Thank you. Reporter ni in this book, you say putin has won his gamble. You also recently wrote, putin has won ukraine. Is that where we are . I think that what he has done from the very beginning was have a far more limited goal in mind than what a number of people felt at the very beginning when this all started. He never wanted all of ukraine. He wanted for historical purposes to take crimea. He did. Then he wanted a part of ukraine that he could always use to advance russian interests, and he has now he is now at a point where nobody in the west is shouting, hey, stop, give us back crimea. Its all accepted. So he has won. Reporter and you write that the u. S. And the west grossly miscalculated and have even been shocked he made this play for crimea, violated international borders. There is no question he violated the borders. There is no question hes used to getting his way. We had in the west a very romantic vision of russia back in 1991 when soviet union died and whatever is russia began to emerge, and we began to think of it as a democracy. We were going to bring it into the west. All is going to be wonderful. That was never in the cards. Reporter so what was at the root of this, that Vladimir Putin in his spirit and world view . Vladimir putin is a russian czar. Hes kind of a mix of peter the great and stalin. Hes got both in his veins, and he looks out first and foremost for the National Security interests of russia. He accepts that, in eastern europe, that is a russian backyard, that is a russian spear sphere of influence. Ukraine lives most uncomfortably and unhappily in a russian backyard. If anything good will emerge out of this, its going to be the result of an acceptable modus of ukraine and europe. The two will have to get together at some point. It will be a result that many people in the rust will not like because russia as the bigger power is going to get the better of the deal. So a lot of people will say, thats appeasement. Its reality. Reporter sounds like youre speaking to the west and to the United States when you say things like that. Very much so. Reporter and that the u. S. Should, what, step back and let ukraine fin for itself with russia now, settle it among themselves . Every nation at the end of the day must fin for itself. Sometimes it needs help, and ukraine deserves all the help in the world. Im very sympathetic. But im also a realist. I think president obama would love to help. I think chancellor merkel of germany would love to help. But there are realities governing what they can do, and ukraine cannot live with the false image that somehow or another the west will come and rescue her. Its not going to happen. Reporter go back to Vladimir Putin. There was one interesting point i thought you made in the book just one. laughter reporter the key is really, he didnt just spring out of nowhere, but hes very much in the tradition of many russian leaders, not just peter the great and stalin. What do you mean by that . Hes the man in the kremlin at the moment. He feels a personal responsibility to reconstitute russia in his image, which is that of a czar, which is that of a nation that has an empire. Russia can never be an empire unless it is in control of ukraine. Reporter and that has to do with the very close historical ties. Exactly. We have to understand russia is an Orthodox Christian nation, so is ukraine. That happened in 988 inco crime, in a place that was the russia around kiev at that time. Its 1,000 years ago. But to a russian, its yesterday. Reporter let me ask you finally about a phrase you use in your subtitle and you call it the new coldnr war. Yes. Reporter in terms to have the broader relationship between the west and russia, is it really that dire . It is not the same as a cold war, and i didnt in the subtitle have the ability to stretch it out, but i will try in the book to say that we are dealing with a return to what might be a far more normal relationship between the west and russia. Russia is what it is that we see. Its not dressed up in its birthday costume. It is what it is. It regards its National Interests as important enough to fight for, and the difference on the whole ukraine situation is that the russians are prepared to fight for their position on ukraine, and the west is not. Reporter so finally ending back up with putin yet again, if this scenario you stretched out which will be ukraine and russia getting together, if this doesnt happen soon, what do you expect next from putin . Thats a rough question. He is so totally unpredictable. The answer, and its not ducking, the answer is that which satisfies the immediate National Security interests of russia. Reporter as he sees it . As he sees it. And he is a despite and a very good one, and he will see things in a narrow way. What is good for russia, that is what he will do. If thats represented by a move toward the baltic, ooh, that would be very dangerous, but he would do it, onni the assumption that he would ask himself the question, i am prepared to fight for estonia. Is the United States, germany, britain, france . And the answer in his mind would be no. That doesnt mean hes going to do that. Reporter but its all thoughts in his head. Its very much up in the air. Reporter marvin kalb, author of imperial gamble, thank you so much. Thank you. Woodruff finally tonight, the passing of a baseball great and beloved american character yogi berra, who died yesterday at the age of 90. Yogi, as he was universally known, first joined the new york yankees as a catcher in 1946, where he became a linchpin on ten world serieswinning teams. Later, as team manager, he led both the yankees and the new york mets to championships. He was also famous for his knack for the oddlyturned phrase. For more on his life and legacy, i am joined by one of berras biographers, allen barra, author of yogi berra eternal yankee. Allen barra, welcome. Lets talk first about yogi berra the baseball player. What made him aco standout . Well, its hard to say. Yogi was tremendously talented, but he certainly didnt look it. He was stumpy, he was 58, didnt look like he had an athletes body. The first time ted williams, you know, who was is john wayne of baseball, towering, imposing figure, 64, stands up to the plate and looks down and there is this little ungainly guy, none of the equipment fit the chest protector, shin guards, nothing fits yogi looks up at him and says, how you doin . And ted says to himself, who are they trying to fool with this guy . Ted williams turned out to be one of the biggest fans. He loved yogi. Reporter he led the yanks for sevennr consecutive season. Yogi was a 14time allstar, a terrific hitter who never struck out, he had an incredible batting eye. His handeye coordination was outstanding and that littleni 5 body, he was compact and powerful, and almost impossible to strike out. Out. Woodruff you said to us today he was the most beloved american athlete with the possible exception of babe ruth. What made him so beloved . Yogi was loyal, he was friendly, he was a Great American winner. I mean, any coach or player you talk about who won a lot of championships, won a lot of games, yogis got to be on that list. As you said, 14 pennants, ten world series,ni and, yet, the thing that separates yogi from all other Great American winners in sports, yogi always seemed to be playing. He seemed to love playing the game. There is probably no one that had enjoyed the game more, had more relish out of playing it. And i think that got passed on to everybody. His opponents loved him. His manager loved him. Sports writers loved him because he was great copy. He would say almost anything and they could and if it wasnt altogether usable, lets say they could rewrite it till it was. Woodruff where did that come from, the yogiisms . If you come to a fork in the road, take it, where do those lines come from . There is two kind of yogiisms, basically. Id say three kinds. Theres theco yogiisms, the this he said he didnt say, and then theres the times when the yogi berra day in st. Louis in 1947, he said i would like to thank everyone for making this day necessary. That was just a slipup. Then there are the yogiisms that make a lot of sense if you think about it. You just cited bun. I think one of the best, one of my favorites, he said, when you come to the fork in the road, take it. What could he mean . He was telling a reporter how to get to his house. He was in a culdesac. He meant no matter which way you go, youre going to be there. That was just a great way of saying that. I think almost anything yogi said like that, he would say it in fewer words and get to the point quicker than just about anyone who voiced a similar sentiment. Woodruff i read the cartoon character yogi bear who came out in the late 50s was named after yogi berra, but yogi berra didnt like that. I asked him about that once and he said, im not saying i dont like the bear. He said, the bears okay. But he didnt like the idea that people would think of him as a cartoon character. He wanted to be taken seriously. Most of the things that he said that people laughed at were just things that were said in the clubhouse, said to reporters. He wanted to talk to people. He wasnt like a lot of athletes today that were afraid to talk to reporters and didnt know what was going to come of that, how they were going to be quoted. Yogi would take his chances. He would talk about just about anything. And you have to remember, too, since the yankees won almost every year back then, usually they were in a good mood, and yogi was in a good mood to talk. Woodruff he was somebody i think everybody thought they knew. Allen barra, biography of yogi berra. We thank you. Woodruff every summer, middle and High School Teachers from around the country travel here to washington, d. C. , for the student reporting labs teacher bootcamp. In order to better understand what teaching broadcast journalism will look like in their classrooms, the educators shoot and edit character profiles. Tonight, we discover a young man who fights the demons in life through meditation and the kind of highflying acrobatics seen in video games. Its an art form known as tricking. The video was shot and edited by teachers from miami, detroit and aurora, colorado. Tricking, to me, its a lot of things. Mainly, its a life saver. I was picked on as a kid from elementary up until the middle of high school. I didnt have too many friends around the age of 15 and 16, i lost my grandfather, my brother two months apart in the same year. That sent me into a very, very dark place for me. I just wouldnt talk to anybody. I was fed up with a lot of things. A couple of months after, my mom put me in martial arts classes because she wanted me to be somewhere where i could express that freely without hurting myself or getting into trouble. Tricking is an Artistic Movement that spawned from the roots in martial arts, takes its form from gy gymnastics and marl arts, just about anything you can think of. Weve taken video game moves and turned them into tricks. Im an athlete. Im just, physically from what we do, its demanding, you know. And when it comes to tricking by itself, its an art form because it has structure but no structure. When you trick, you paint the images in your head, sometimes before, sometimes after, sometimes while youre in the middle of the air. Biggest injury i had was when i crashed on my neck, and i got up, thought i was fine, walked about ten feet and then i was out cold. The doctor said that had i been any higher in the air, i probably could have paralyzed myself from the neck down. You know, for me, tricking, its a part of who i am as a person now. Not a day goes by where i dont think that where i dont think about tricking. Like, i know at a certain point im probably going to have to sit down some day, but until then, i will be tricking, and even then, when i do have to stop, i will be teaching others how to trick or at least being able to give my knowledge on it to them. Tricking, for me, its not just something that i do. Its a way of life. Ive come close to giving up on it a lot just with injuries and other stuff that, at the end of the day, i always go back to it because thats the one thing that keeps me going throughout everything. You know, bad days, good days, sad times, happy times, i can always count on tricking to give me that edge of peace. Woodruff on the newshour online once a scientist, always a scientist, and pope francis was once a chemist. His recent statements on Climate Change have been applauded by many fellow scientists, but for others, the popes policy stops short of addressing one major contributor to Global Warming population growth. Read our full story on franciss climate legacy on our home page. And we have a review of the new movie stonewall from a man who participated in the 1969 riots that set off a wave of l. G. B. T. Activism. He says the film gets it all wrong. Read his take, on our arts page all of that and more is on our web site, pbs. Org newshour and thats the newshour for tonight. On thursday, im judy woodruff. Join us online and again here tomorrow evening. For all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night and by bnsf railway. Supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. And with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org this is nightly Business Report. Paying the price. Volkswagen ceo is out of a job as the emissions scandal threatens much more than just the automaker. Economic diplomacy and its taking place in seattle. As ceos from some of americas Biggest Companies discuss thorny issues with the president of chi china. Countdown to shutdown. Business that is could be impacted if the federal government cannot avert a closure. All that and more on nightly Business Report for wednesday, september 23rd. Good evening and welcome. Hes out. The man in charge of the worlds biggest automaker by sales has resigned. Just days after the volkswagen emission cheating scandal was exposed in the United States and then quickly spread around the