Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20140715

Collapses, its very, very important to us that we are, were solid. Woodruff those are just some of the stories were covering on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. And the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build immeasurably better lives. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff secretary of state john kerry and his counterpart from iran worked in vienna today, trying to find a breakthrough in talks on Irans Nuclear program. Kerry met oneonone with Iranian Foreign minister Moahmmed Javad Zarif twice during the day, for several hours. There was no indication of any real progress. The u. S. And five other nations are trying to reach an agreement with tehran before a july 20th deadline. Woodruff a full audit of afghanistans president ial run off begins this week, under a deal brokered by secretary kerry over the weekend. Last months election was marred by allegations of fraud. Now, the United Nations will oversee the review of some eight million ballots. The rival candidates, Abdullah Abdullah and ashraf ghani, have agreed to accept the outcome of the new count. In nigeria, a new video surfaced from the leader of the boko haram militants, the group that kidnapped 200 school girls in april. In it, the groups leader claims responsibility for attacks that the government never reported. Refinery, yes. You people try to hide it. A woman sent by allah bombed the refinery. You said it was an ordinary fire . I ordered the bomb to be exploded and you say its fire. If you hide it, you cannot hide from allah. Woodruff the militant leader also mocked president Goodluck Jonathan and the outcry over the girls kidnapping. He offered again to trade them for fighters held in nigerian jails. The u. N. Security council has approved sending humanitarian aid to parts of syria held by rebels, even if the Syrian Government objects. Todays vote followed increasingly dire reports about the suffering of civilians. Currently, all aid has to go through damascus, and the great majority winds up in government controlled areas. U. S. Army Sergeant Bowe bergdahl returned to active duty today, after spending nearly five years as a taliban prisoner in afghanistan. He was assigned to administrative duties in san antonio, texas, where hes had counseling and treatment for the past month. The army is still investigating allegations that bergdahl was captured after he deserted. The wrecked italian cruise liner Costa Concordia was painstakingly refloated today, off the tuscan coast. The daylong operation took place more than two years after the vessel struck rocks and capsized, leaving 32 people dead. Sally biddulph of independent Television News reports on todays exercise. Reporter with each passing hour, a few more cabins of the Costa Concordia are revealed. Almost imperceptibly, the huge vessel starts to float again in the biggest salvage operation in history. Today the ship is being slowly lifted from the man made steel platform constructed beneath her by pumping air into the huge metal containers welded to her sides. She will then need to be fully checked before being towed by tugs to deeper water. There, under anchor, more air will be pumped into the containers to raise her to a fully floating position. The luxury cruise liner went down off the coast of tuscany two and half years ago. Shed sailed too close to the island of gigio where rocks ripped a hole in her hull. 32 people died in the ensuing chaos as the ship capsized. The concordias captain, Francesco Schettino is currently on trial for what happened. Until last september the vessel rested unmoved on its side until salvage experts righted her in a huge engineering operation. The process to now float her is an even bigger challenge, her final journey will be to the port of genoa where shell be stripped down and scrapped at the end of this month. Woodruff the ships captain is charged with manslaughter and with being among the first to abandon ship. Hes currently on trial. He announced this evening that he would become leader of the house of commons. The surprise move is part of a Cabinet Reshuffle that conservative Prime Minister David Cameron plans to explain tomorrow. In the church of england, england, lay leaders voted today to let women become bishops. The measure had the support of the archbishop of canterbury and of british Prime Minister David Cameron. Two years ago, a similar measure failed to get the required two thirds majority. Wall street got the week off to a strong start. The Dow Jones Industrial average gained more than 111 points to close at 17,055. The nasdaq rose nearly 25 points to close at 4,440. And the s p 500 added nine, to finish at 1,977. Still to come on the newshour citigroups penalty for selling risky mortgage securities; martin indyk on the recurring chaos in the mideast; fighting flares along the russiaukraine border; john oliver on turning the news into comedy; reflecting on the impact of the 2014 world cup; and, remembering nobelprize winning novelist Nadine Gordimer who died today. Woodruff we should start praying, i would not be surprised if half of these loans went down. Thats what a trader at citigroup wrote in an email in 2007, after reviewing thousands of mortgages bought and sold by the bank. Today, the Justice Department cited those very words as it announced a 7 billion settlement with the bank. The government said citi committed egregious misconduct in the leadup to the financial crisis. Of the 7 billion, citigroup will pay 4 billion to the Justice Department. More than 2. 5 billion is set aside for whats described as consumer relief. Tony west is associate attorney general for the Justice Department, and the governments lead negotiator in this case. We welcome you to the program. Thank you so much. So lay ou woodruff so lay ous what was this egregious conduct and how many people at citigroup were engaged . In a nutshell, what we were talking about is citigroup packaged securities, Mortgage Loans into securities which they sold to investors. What they didnt tell investors was what the actual quality of the loans were. So you had these mortgage bond deals that had quality that was far less than what citi was representing to investors that they were. Woodruff and how many people knew about this, and did the knowledge go all the way to the top . Well, a number of bankers certainly knew about it. In fact, we know from the evidence that bankers were warned that the quality of the loans they were packaging into these securities was not what they were telling investors they were, but they ignored those warning signs, they ignored their due diligence. In terms of how far up that went, i think certainly enough people in the country knew and enough bankers knew that we felt that we could demand a very high and, in fact, an historically high penalty from citigroup. Woodruff so 7 billion, as we were saying, 4 billion going to just dis. What does justice do with the money . That money is a civil penalty and goes to the United States treasury. Part of that money will go to Fund Additional cases in which the government is going to try to recover funds that have been lost to fraud and waste and abuse on behalf of the taxpayers. Theres another 500 million that will go to five states around the country to help to replenish some of the losses that Pension Funds and other state entities suffered because of this. Woodruff and then the 2. 5 billion set aside for consumer relief, who does that go to . That goes to consumers. I think one of the lessons that we have learned from the financial crisis is that it just wasnt investors who were hurt in this debacle. We know that there are homeowners on main street who really suffered because of the conduct that citi and other Financial Institutions engaged in, so, as part of any resolution, we want to make sure were bringing meaningful relief to those individuals. Woodruff im sure you know there are consumer advocates out there who are saying its too little too late. We saw today a public citizen. I just want to read a comment, they said no individuals are being held to account. They said, the bank is not being charged with any criminal activity. They say the corporation faces no review of its bank charter, business continues in its offices. What do you say to those comments . I would say a couple of things. First, this is a civil resolution. Its not a criminal resolution. The very terms of the Settlement Agreement we have not written off any ability to pursue criminal charges, should the evidence merit that. Woodruff so that could still come . Thats always a possibility out there and something specifically carved out of this resolution. The second thing i would say is that we know, of course, that no one resolution this resolution wont solve all the problems created by the financial crisis, but it is an important step to rectifying some of the harm. I think when you talk about the principle reduction that we have, the rate reduction, refinancing features of this consumer relief, when you talk about the Affordable Housing thats a part of this consumer relief, i think the potential here is that there will be hundreds of thousands of homeowners and followers who will benefit from these provisions. Woodruff but they may not be individuals who were affected in the original instances . I think one of the things weve seen is there were a number of individuals who have been affected. You didnt just have to be an investor in order to be hurt by what happened as a result of the conduct of wall street, so its our belief a lot of these measurers will have victims, often faceless, nameless victims, but victims nonetheless of the financial crisis. Woodruff another critic, dennis callaher of the bert markets group, he said, that amount, the 7 billion, is meaningless without the disclosure of the Key Information about how many hundreds of billions of dollars citigroup made, how many tens of billions investors lost, how many billions in bonuses were pocketed, which investors were involved and what positions they now have with the bank. Again, i think it would be a mistake not to think these are meaningful resolutions. What were talking about is an historically high civil penalty, 4 billion. In fact, its twice as much as jp morgan paid and, in addition, were talking about really compensating a number of investors who were lost if they were state agencies, Pension Funds, charities and the like, and i think we really cant overlook the potential power of the consumer relief provisions, the power that that has to help rectify the harm that occurred. You know, again, its not a panacea, but it is an important component to trying to restore some of the damage that has been caused by not only the conduct that we were talking about here in the citi case but other Financial Institutions as well i. Quickly again on the possibility of criminal charges, is that something justices actively are looking at . Yes, and i dont want to speak in connection with any particular financial institution, so let me just say, generally, we are looking at all aspects. Understand, the civil resolution is only one tool, but wherever the evidence leads, wherever the facts lead, we will not hesitate, if that is criminal, to bring those charges. Woodruff let me just bring a comment from the other side of the ledger and that is the banks. I know there were several reports that quoted top folks at citi saying, you know, they really had, as they put it, a relatively smaller share of the market, that they shouldnt be held as accountable as some other large institutions should have been. What do you say to that . Well, i think the fact will there are some people who say we were too tough and others saying we were too soft, i think that probably means we were in the right place right in the middle. But this market share argument, i know a number of people talked about citi add vansd, the fact is resolutions are driven by the facts and evidence of any given matter in any given case. Its the individual conduct. Its the conduct of an institution that will really determine how we resolve these cases and, so, im not saying market share isnt relevant, but the fact is it cannot trump the actual evidence of misconduct and, in this case, given the size of the fine, it tid not. Woodruff tony west, associate attorney general. Thanks for talking with us. Thanks, judy. Good to be with you. Woodruff now, as the seven dayold battle between israel and hamas rages on, we turn to a newsmaker interview with a man who tried hard to avert this latest flareup. Newshour chief Foreign Affairs correspondent Margaret Warner spoke today with martin indyk, who just resigned as president obamas special envoy for israelipalestinian negotiations. Their conversation came as rockets rained on israel and the Palestinian Death toll from israeli airstrikes topped 175. Warner gaza shook with air strikes and smoke smudged the skyline this morning, as palestinians inspected the damage. At the same time, hamas rockets sliced through the air over israel, as air raid sirens blared and people ran for cover. In the past week, israels military has carried out more than 1,300 airstrikes, while hamas has fired nearly 1,000 rockets. And today, something new hamas launched a drone aircraft over israels southern coastline, and released this video, apparently showing missiles under its wings. Israels military shot down the drone, but hamas said the launch demonstrates its growing power. translated using drones is new in this conflict and it is another component the Palestinian Resistance is using to fight the war against the israeli occupation. This is an indication that the resistance has only used a limited amount of its military weaponry against the relentless zionist enemy. Warner on sunday, israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu again defended the assault on gaza, and insisted the blame for what is happening lies squarely with hamas. You know heres the difference between us, were using Missile Defense to protect our civilians and theyre using their civilians to protect their missiles. Thats basically the difference. Warner meanwhile, three israeli jews, including two minors, confessed today to abducting and burning a palestinian boy alive. An apparent revenge killing for the kidnapping and murder of three israeli teenagers last month. Now, the two sides are locked in the worst fighting in almost two years, despite worldwide calls for a cease fire. Have made little headway. Its a far cry from u. S. Hopes during the obama administrations ninemonth push for a comprehensive peace deal that broke down at the end of april. This was secretary of state john kerry, just after the deadline passed. We believe the best thing to do right now is pause, take a hard look at these things and find out what is possible and what is not possible in the days ahead. Warner martin indyk, a former ambassador to israel and state department official, was the u. S. Special envoy for the negotiations. Today, he returned to his job as Vice President and director of the Foreign Policy program at the Brookings Institution in washington. I spoke with him this morning, at brookings. Thank you very having us. Thanks. Warner after these decades of peace making efforts including your own these eruptions between the israelis and palestinians seem to continue more frequently an ferociously. Why is that . I think its something secretary kerry was warning about when he started the whole effort to try to change the dynamic to a positive one which could lead to a resolution to the israeliPalestinian Conflict, precisely nature pulse a vacuum particularly in the palestinian arena and if youre not moving forward the vacuum gets filled by very negative dynamic and extremists who basically want to pursue the conflict, so thats what were witnessing now. So its horrendous when it happens, but its kind of indication of the chronic nature of the conflict that we were trying to break out of. Warner what will it take to end this current conflict . Well, cease fire. Thats the most important thing. That has to happen as soon as possible. And secretary kerry and president obamas support is now engaged in that effort and, hopefully, it will be possible to get that in place. I dont think the israelis want to go the next step of a Ground Invasion of gaza because the big question then is who are they in favor of . They already pulled out unilaterally but got the rockets in return, so they would be willing to stop as soon as hamas is ready to stop the rocket fire, and thats the focus of the activity at the moment. Warner so why has israel masked all its tanks on the border and brought all the troops to the border . One thing hamas has to understand is there are grave consequences if they dont stop the rocket fire. Thats the signal theyre trying to send. But Prime Minister netanyahu is very cautious when it comes to launching wars and i think there is a general understanding on the part of the public theres a whole world ahead not just for palestinians but israelis if it ends up in a Ground Invasion so its important to try to stop the rocket fire before that happens. Warner so youre saying its a block on his part . Well, its designed as a threat that if the bluff is called, then hamas will pay the consequences. But the palestinians in gaza will as well, and that would be a terrible thing. Warner a ceasefire was doashtd in 2012 and egypt and the u. S. Were involved. Is that possible today . Hasnt the u. S. Lost influence with the parties and certainly hasnt egypt . There are things that egypt can do here that nobody else can do, and egypt and israel and the Palestinian Authority have a common interest in seeing that hamas not emerges the victor and indeed seeing the Palestinian Authority will eventually take back control of gaza from hamas. Warner does the u. S. Have the influence it did two years ago . Yes. I dont think theres any lack of influence on the part of the United States when it comes to trying to affect the party on the other side here, which is israel, but the issue is how do you influence hamas, how do you get hamas to stop. Thats where egypt, qatar, turkey can play a role and theyre working with all three to make that happen. Warner seems to me you think this will follow the same pattern, ultimately the neighbors will get involved and a ceasefire will be negotiated. You dont see the docker scenario . The darker side would be if hamas decides for some reason they want israel to launch a Ground Invasion and then perhaps susuck them into a conflict whee well get the blame for the casualties that are inevitably be caused there. Warner in a nutshell, why did the aggressive push we made for nine months fall apart . What we discovered in nine months intensive negotiations is the United States was the only party that really wanted to change the status quo, that the two sides, for a whole range of different reasons, were not prepared to take the really painful and difficult decisions that would have led to a breakthrough to ending this conflict. So you see that same thing playing itself out not just in peacemaking but also warmaking, that everybody wants to kind of return to the status quo because the costs of changing the status quo are very high. So thats, at heart, the difficulty involved here. Warner with you have spent your entire professional life working on issues that affect israels security and viability as a jewish state in that region. Are you having any doubts now about that future . I mean, if this Palestinian Conflict is not resolved. No doubt about it, if theres no resolution to this conflict, theres this chronic conflict which only becomes more chronic and the periodic eruptions of violence that just create huge problems for both sides. So beyond that, the question is, as you asked, what is the future of israel as a jewish democracy if it doesnt find a way from separating and making peace with the palestinians . The demographic dynamic is such that israel will sooner rather than later have to choose between being a jewish state, because there will be a minority of jews in the area israel controls, and being a democratic state, and thats a choice that israel should never want to have to make. Warner so is the israel we have known in danger of disappearing or being destroyed . I dont believe its going to disappear or be destroyed, either one of those. I think its going to morph into Something Else over time, and the dilemmas are going to be very difficult to resolve. Theyre only getting more difficult to resolve over time. The window is closing that the alternative of sticking with the status quo is not sustainable unless both sides are prepared to absorb huge costs and a future that looks like what were witnessing on a daily basis today. The two sides have to decides the status quo is not sustainable. Its not good enough for us to say it. Then, when theyre ready to change, ready to make those gutwrenching compromises, then the United States will be with them. Warner thank you. Thank you. Woodruff next, to ukraine, where tensions are growing again along the border with russia. In the last 24 hours, the two countries traded new accusations amid ukraines battle to re assert control over regions near that border. Woodruff fighting flared in Eastern Ukraine today as Government Forces pressed the offensive against prorussian rebels. The rebels have lost half the territory they once controlled, and been pushed back into the cities of donetsk and luhansk. The military recaptured several more villages today. In luhansk, broken glass and debris littered a damaged schoolhouse, and nearby apartments showed floors of shattered windows. translated theyve been shooting from all the sides. I have small children, so we put them into a bathtub and laid down on the floor, listening to shattered windows falling and people around screaming. Woodruff but as Ukrainian Forces advance, tensions with russia have erupted anew. Kiev blamed the russians today for shooting down a Ukrainian Military transport plane. No one aboard was injured. On sunday, a crossborder shelling attack reportedly killed a man on the russian side of the border. Moscow accused Ukrainian Forces, but a Ukrainian Defense Ministry Spokesman pointed at the rebels. translated the information that it was done by ukrainian servicemen is a complete lie. We have many examples of terrorists carrying out provocation shootings, including into russian territory, and then accusing Ukrainian Forces of it. Woodruff ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko went further, charging that russian officers are fighting alongside the rebels. He claimed the russians and their allies are feeling the heat. translated all incidents on the state border, all, without any exceptions, are caused by us having them by the throat. We now time after time see their columns, intercept their columns, use artillery, aviation to destroy those columns. Woodruff in turn, russia formally asked that outside european monitors visit several border towns affected by the fighting. Woodruff for more on ukraine, we turn to New York Times reporter sabrina tavernise, who is in donetsk. I spoke to her a short while ago via skype. Thank you for talking with us. Tell us about the Ukrainian Military aircraft that went down. Reporter so it was kind of middle of the afternoon. Theres a big dispute about it. Ukraine is accusing basically a very sophisticated antiaircraft missile of shooting it down from russian territory. Tugs hasnt russia hasnt responded to that claim but a number of military analysts are saying thats pretty unlikely that the most likely scenarios that rebels in this eastern ukrainian area shot the plane down. Its close to the border, sort of in a field. Its unclear how many people were aboard. It was a cargo plane, but a spokesperson a spokeswoman, actually, for the rebel government told me this afternoon theyve actually taken five hostages. Woodruff thats been impossible to verify, right . Yes. Ukrainians havent said anything yet about whether there were hostages or not, but it seems likely as there wasnt a high body count at the plane. I had a colleague who actually was at the plane and didnt see saw one body, but that was it. Woodruff now, sabrina, you are also in the to you of luhansk today several hours away. What did you see there . So that was very interesting. Its the scene of a very intense battle between the Ukrainian Government and the rebel forces, more intense than the one in donetsk, which is the city everyone is focused on because its so much bigger. But luhansk is a poorer, gritter version of donetsk. The ukrainians have been showing and hitting rebel positions in a lot of the areas around the edges of the city. The ukrainians say theyve made serious advances and taken territory, but i spent a good ten hours today going around the edge of the city and some of the neighborhoods they said they controlled and we didnt see any evidence of ukrainian soldiers or tanks or presence. We did see many, many you know, a lot of damage from shelling and a lot of people very angry at the Ukrainian Military for what they say is imprecise weapons and civilian casualties. Woodruff so is it possible to describe the extent of the territory that the rebels are holding on to . You know, it is still substantial. You know, luhansk, donetsk and sort of a large suburb of donetsk is nearly 2 million people, and then a large swath of territory that takes up a chunk of the russian border in the southeast of ukraine. So, you know, the Ukrainian Military has said that they halved the territory the rebels control. That might be a little bit of an overstatement but they certainly have staken some substantial ground. But they still have a very serious fight ahead. You know, without the Ground Troops they would need to come in and take control in a more precise fashion, its appearing, on artillery and shelling, they are inflicting some civilian damage. Woodruff what about claims from the ukrainians there are russians mixed in with the rebels doing the fighting with them . Its something we have been following a long time. Its impossible to say whether theyre actually commissioned Russian Military officers. Its not a situation like that, it doesnt seem, but there are certainly many russian passport holders who are among the fighters. How many is unclear but quite a number. Woodruff sabrina tavernise, reporting from donetsk. Thank you very much. Youre welcome. Woodruff next tonight, a fresh perspective on current news. Jeffrey brown talks with comedian john oliver. If we let Cable Companies offer two speeds of service, there wont be usain bolt and usain bolt on a motorbike, there will be usain bolted to an anchor brown the highly divisive debate over who controls Internet Speed and access, so called net neutrality, is hardly standard comic fare. The point is that the internet in its current state is not broken and the fcc is currently taking steps to fix that. Brown but its just the kind of policy and political subject that john oliver tackles, often in surprising depth, on his new hbo comedy program, last week tonight. We need you to channel that anger. Brown his admonition to viewers to write to the f. C. C. Even briefly shut down the agencys comments section of the website. Born in a suburb of birmingham, england, oliver studied english and joined a comedy troupe at cambridge university. He performed standup in festivals, pubs and clubs around england, before coming to this country and joining the daily show with jon stewart in 2006. Eventually sitting in as host while stewart took time off. The new program has probed, poked fun, and raised serious questions around a variety of news topics, from indias elections to Supreme Court decisions. Lets talk about the death penalty. Brown the weekly format, he says, gives him and his staff, which includes former magazine researchers as well as comedy writers, the time to develop stories, even if it feels like theyre hanging on by the seat of their pants. We talked recently at h. B. O. In new york. Some weeks its been controlled drowning, its just been reacting and desperately trying to get something on tv. Brown controlled drowning. Yeah, controlled drowning. Meaning you eventually drown, but you try and stay above water for as long as possible. Brown until sunday, until exactly, you just get to 11 31, and your head disappears below the surface. Brown how do you decide what youre going to cover, whats, you know, we sit down every day, think the criteria of most important, most vital, most urgent, Something Like that, what is it for you . Well, weve been drawn so far, to slightly more off the beaten track, nothing that screams im going to be amazing comic fodder. Yeah, weve been kind of been drawn to making life difficult for ourselves. Brown but these things, indias election, climate change, net neutrality, and i speak as someone whose experiences trying to cover them, those are serious issues, right . They are not funny initially, no. Theres something about playing with toys that are that difficult, that become more satisfying for us to kind of break by the end of our weeks process. With indias election there was some funny elements to that, but the thing that really drew me to it was this thing is incredible. Brown well, and the other thing though, that seemed to come out of that, was you were also struck by, this is a huge thing, and nobody is paying attention. Well it didnt make any sense, it didnt make any sense to me, that the largest exercise in democracy in the history of humanity was not interesting enough to cover. Brown and what work goes in, is there a lot, is it research, is it reporting in a sense . No, its reporting in no sense, no its a lot of research, theres a lot of reading around it. Brown so you are concerned about getting it right . Yeah, definitely. Oh, absolutely, because you cant brown that got you, i mean, you really care about that. For sure, because you cant, if a jokes built on sand, it just doesnt work, or it collapses. Its very, very important to us that we are, were solid. Brown net neutrality, got a lot of attention. Did it surprise you that you had even the power to get people to respond, and to write to the f. C. C. . Yeah, i dont know if i really have any power, but it was surprising that people paid attention to it. Brown but you do have a certain amount of power. A certain amount, that certain amount i think is tiny. I have no moral authority, im a comedian. Brown its always interested me that jon stewart has often had to tell people, hey, were a comedy show, were not a news program. Yeah, hes right. Brown right, but there is this blurring, is there not . Not in our minds. I mean i cant speak for him, but no, were comedians. I think that becomes more a sad commentary on news than it does on us, though. The only responsibility i feel as a comedian is i have to make people laugh, if i dont do that, and im sure that i often dont, then i have failed. Brown when did you first decide that you wanted to focus on Current Events . When you do standup, youre just concerned with trying to leave with some semblance of Human Dignity at the end of your performance. Once you learn how to make people laugh, then you get to choose exactly how you want to make them laugh, and so then you can get to make jokes about things you actually care about, so rather than doing anything to make people laugh, you can then say like oh, well, maybe im interested in talking about, you know, my life, or about politics, or about sports, you know, you can direct your comedy. You kind of, you can control it better. Brown does being british, an outsider, help you in looking at american politics, and journalism, and culture . I think being an outsider in general always helps you in comedy, i think it helps to have an outsiders eye, and so i have an outsiders voice, you know, as soon as i Start Talking i dont belong here, and i think that helps in a way. Brown and are you finding yourself more american . That is a good question. I certainly love it here, and i love living here, and i see this as my home, kind of physically and emotionally, so yes, i guess, i have kind of fallen in love with this country, i would really like to vote. When i got my green card it was a, it was a really emotional moment, and i was not expecting that to be the case. I nearly cried, again nearly, im british, nearly crying is, oh my goodness. Brown but if you get your citizenship, youll be bawling . Then ill cry american tears, you know, like the kind you guys always cry at the olympics, thats always the british view, if you talk about americans watching Downton Abbey, and thinking, god, what is wrong with you people, british people generally watch americans going to the olympics and saying, oh, for goodness sake. Brown pull yourself together . Pull yourself together, you won, alright, for goodness sake, sack up. Brown john oliver, thank you. Oh its a pleasure, thanks. Woodruff theres more online, where john oliver tells jeff why Downton Abbey reminds him a bit too much about his own childhood. Youll find that on art beat. Woodruff it had to end sometime, and yesterdays final game of the 2014 world cup in brazil provided a thrilling conclusion to what, by all accounts, has been a memorable contest. Overnight, germany celebrated its 10 win over argentina in extra time, its fourth cup title overall and first since 1990. The victory came after mario gotze knocked the ball down with his chest and then kicked it into the far side of the net. Meanwhile, brazil is beginning to come to terms with its teams devastating losses and the high costs of hosting the cup. In the u. S. , record high t. V. Audiences may signal a new level of interest in the beautiful game. For these and other takeaways, were joined by tommy smyth of espn, who called the games on radio and Matt Futterman of the wall street journal. Hes still in brazil. We welcome you both to the newshour. So lets talk first about germanys win yesterday. Matt futterman, how big an accomplishment for them . This is a huge accomplishment for them. Its something they have been working on for about a decade, now, since the current coach and the former coach really decided to remake germany from a very sort of tactical, sort of laboring, defensiveminded team into this attacking machine that is just absolutely relentless, has some of the greatest athletes in the world playing for it. They have been close in the last few big tournaments and finally got where they wanted to be last night. Woodruff tommy smyth, what do you think put germany over the top and did the other teams even come close . No, the other teams didnt come close. Brazil got the loud knocked out of them by germany, 71, and they were the host nation. They were the team who just said lets just give them the cup, we dont even have to play for it because they were the favorites. But germany, when they went back to the convention, the german team kept coming at you and at you. Keep in mind, the man who scored the winning goal is only 22 years of age and to win the world cup in south america, no european nation has ever done it and doing so they beat brazil and argentina, to south american powers, couldnt be better for the germans. Woodruff was it all close when it was all said and done . I think it was close. A goal in the 113th minute of actual time, thats the way the workups have been going in the last few years, into actual time. Thats pretty close. At the end of the day, you look at the resume of seven games germany played, it was a pretty impressive show they put on and, obviously, well be talking about it for 50 years the 71 blowout of brazil on their home soil. Woodruff tommy smyth, what are these games going to be remembered for overall . How good have they been . I would say, in my opinion, this has been the best world cup ive ever seen and, mind you, ive seen a few. I have been around for a while for these world cups. It had controversy, great games, great players, surprise results. The u. S. Got a great run. For 100 years well talk about the 71 shellacking of brazil by germany. The fact that weve always said football is a game you run around after the ball for 90 minutes and the germans won. They ran for 120 minutes and the germans won again anyhow. Woodruff whats your amazing takeaway, Matt Futterman . I think brazil proved some things to the world in pulling this off. Up until the last minute, there were questions about to whether the event would happen, whether the stadiums would be finished, whether the infrastructure would be finished. I think brazil surprised a lot of people and that is a huge, huge accomplishment for a country who will host the olympics in two years. There were a lot of questions about that in may. I would say there are a lot fewer questions about whether the olympics will come off especially now were into july. Woodruff how does brazil come out of this . Clearly a huge disappointment for them in terms of their loss, but in terms of pulling off the game themselves, does that in some way make up for the loss . In some way it makes up for the loss, but, you know, the people werent feeling very good about the world cup because of the money it was costing and the people are feeling even worse now because, a, the money it cost and, b, how badly their team played because football, soccer, call it what you want, is everything in brazil, and they wanted a good result. They didnt even get a good result in the thirdplace game. So i would say that brazil is feeling pretty bad about it, but to the rest of the world, they can hold their heads high. They did a fantastic job of hosting the world cup. Woodruff Matt Futterman, youre still there. What are brazilian people saying . We know there have been theres been a whole lot of conversation since the game during and since the games ended. Well, the first thing theyre saying is thank god argentina didnt win because theyre their big rival and that would have been the ultimate nightmare if argentina had won on bra brazin soil. They say theyre upset. I think this loss to germany will spark a conversation about what brazil needs to do to regain the confidence and prominence in world soccer thatt it had the last 100 years. Nothing happens by accident in sports anymore. Brazil needs to cultivate the talent it has. The netherlands and germany are putting a tremendous amount of money into developing players. Thats the road brazil will have to go down. They have to build up their Domestic League and create an environment where they can have these players that are so great and actually write them together so theyre terrific at 22 as they are at 14. Woodruff tommy smyth, lets talk about the United States. What does the u. S. Take away from this . Is soccer now more popular in the u. S. Than before this world cup . No question about it. Everybodys talking soccer, everybodys watching soccer. The very numbers very astronomical for espn and radio and the internet, its everywhere. So i think soccer has come to a different level in the United States now. Now the team has to push itself forward and it has to get itselfo the next level. It got out of a very difficult group this time but got to a stage where it was a round of 16 which is what happened last time and was knocked out on a goal on extra time which is what happened last night. So the next time they have to shoot for at least a quarter final or the people in the United States will say we have interest but its not that big because you have to be a winner in the u. S. Woodruff tommy smyth, you watch this sport so closely. What does it take to sustain soccer up and down the line, i mean in terms of young people playing the sport all the way up to the team that makes it to the world cup . Yes, youve got to start at a very early age. You have to have the academy at a very early age. Youve got to get them in there at 12 and 14 years of age. Youve got to develop them through high school and college. Mls has to step up to another rank. It has to start developing the players. I think they have to do a better job at scouting. There are players in this country that are not being seen but i think they have to scout them and get them at a young age and get them into a system and have them playing against good players. Its fine to go to college when the United States team get to the final in the world cup, its always the best stage to have the best team at the world cup not necessarily the best football team. Somewhere along the way they have to make the decision im going to play soccer or be educated. Nothing wrong with education, but these guys playing soccer in other countries are playing against the best players in the cad misand thats how they develop their game and become so good. Woodruff finally, Matt Futterman, what would you add to that . What does the u. S. Take away from this world cup . How is the legacy of this world cup seen in our country . Well, what usually happens after a world cup is soccer kind of disappears for the next four years. I dont think thats going to happen these next four years because you have a unique period coming up here. This is probably going to be the most active interim between world cups that the u. S. Soccer audience has ever seen. Next summer you have the womens world cup in canada thats right next door. The u. S. Women are the best team in the world. They will capture everybodys matters once again. They always do. 2016, the cocoa america is hosted in the u. S. , best south American Teams playing in the u. S. On u. S. Soil. 2017 world cup qualification and 2018 in russia again for the world cup. These next four years will go very quickly and for people who got caught on the sport in the last month, there will be a lot to Pay Attention to. Woodruff a great world cup to watch. Matt futterman and tommy smyth, thank you you both. Thank you very much, judy. Woodruff finally tonight, remembering the Nobel Prize Winning writer and anti apartheid activist, Nadine Gordimer, who died today at her home in johannesburg. Gordimer used her pen to write damning indictments of south africas rigid system of racial segregation. In 1987 she talked with the newshours Charlayne Hunter gault about the possibility that the White South African government could decide to ban the book she had just written. Three of her prior novels already had been banned in previous decades. Heres an excerpt. What is it like to work and create and produce, knowing that the state might say this will never see the light of day here . Well, it isnt in a world language, so all of us who are also punished outside the country, at least we know we reach other people, but thats one thing. You do want to be read by your own people in your own country. So it happened to me three times. Its a ghastly feeling because you spent, in this case, three and a half years. Its a long time of your life has gone into that book, and you really want their reaks to this book. Reporter under those circumstances in which your book can be banned, what goes into your mind as you create . Do you watch every word and thought . I can only speak for myself, i never think about it. I think if one did, that would be very inhibiting. And among the people i know, the writers i know, black and white, they dont think about it either. You do the work. The thinking comes afterwards when you read the book over and you think, oh, my god, you know, this may mean trouble or that may, but i say, in my case, ive never changed a single word and i never would. Reporter you seem to be speaking out more publicly than in the past. Whats motivating that . Living there. Realizing that onehouse a responsibility as a human being, as a white african. You cant just say i believe theres going to be justice there. Nothing will be perfect, but i believe in the future of south africa. You have to put your life on the line and show youre in the struggle. Woodruff Nadine Gordimer was 90 years old. You can watch charlaynes entire interview with her on our website. You can also watch Jeffrey Browns 2012 interview with the famed conductor loren maazel, who died sunday at age 84. He founded the castleton summer Music Festival in virginia, where our Margaret Warner was a Guest Performer on sunday. She writes about what maazel meant to the Young Musicians there. Thats all on the rundown. Woodruff again, the major developments of the day. Citigroup agreed to pay 7 billion to settle federal charges that it deceived investors in securities based on subprime mortgages. Calls for a ceasefire in the middle east went unheeded, as israel and hamas battled through a seventh day. And tensions escalated between ukraine and russia, amid heavy fighting between Ukrainian Forces and prorussian rebels. On the newshour online right now, does foreign aide that addresses immediate needs really improve the quality of life in poor countries . In our final installment of paul solmans conversation with gegory clarhe economic historian argues that aid does little without Economic Growth first. Thats on making sense. All that and more is on our web site, newshour. Pbs. Org. And thats the newshour for tonight. Im judy woodruff, well see you online and again here tomorrow evening. For all of us here at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by ive been around long enough to recognize the people who are out there owning it. The ones getting involved, staying engaged. They are not afraid to question the path theyre on. Because the one question they never want to ask is, how did i end up here . I started schwab with those people. People who want to take ownership of their investments, like they do in every other aspect of their lives. And by the alfred p. Sloan foundation. Supporting science, technology, and improved Economic Performance and Financial Literacy in the 21st century. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by Macneil Lehrer productions captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org bank on it, better than forecast earnings out of city group lists the Financial Sector and lead the dow to a fresh intraday high. The citys numbers set the tone for a big week ahead. How cyber criminals are lying in weight in your hotel. What business travelers and anyone else needs to know. And bang for your buck. Why more of your 401 k dollars are actually working for you and not your plan. All that and more tonight on nightly Business Report for monday july 14th. Good evening everyone, corporate deal making and city Group Earnings lifted stocks on wall street today. The