Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20140711

Life. Woodruff plus, with the spotlight of the world on brazil a group of artists take to the streets to call attention to violence against women. Ifill those are just some of the stories were covering on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by ive been around long enough to recognize the people who are out there owning it. The ones getting involved, staying engaged. They are not afraid to question the path theyre on. Because the one question they never want to ask is, how did i end up here . I started schwab with those people. People who want to take ownership of their investments, like they do in every other aspect of their lives. Bnsf railway. Supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the ongoing support of these institutions. And. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff new allegations emerged today of chinese cyber hacking into u. S. Government personnel files. The New York Times reported hackers accessed the office of personnel managements system, focusing on applications for top secret clearances. In beijing, a Foreign Ministry spokesman called the reports irresponsible. translated we have consistently stressed that china resolutely opposes internet hacking. On this issue, china does what it says. Some of the American Media and Cyber Security firms are making constant efforts to smear china and create the so called china cyber threat. Woodruff the allegations came as secretary of state john kerry was visiting china. He said theres no indication the hackers got hold of any sensitive material. Ifill the federal trade commission sued web retailer amazon. Com today for letting kids run up millions of dollars in charges without their parents permission. The charges usually involve mobile apps, such as games. The f. T. C. Wants amazon to refund any money spent without parental approval. It also wants an end to woodruff a mississippi child who once appeared to be cured of the aids virus is no longer in remission. Researchers initially hoped the child had no detectable h. I. V. Levels despite going more than two years without anti retroviral medicines. Federal Health Officials said today that new tests found signs of h. I. V. In her system after two years of clean results. Ifill the rift between kurds and shiite Prime Minister nuri almaliki deepened today. Kurdish ministers announced they will boycott weekly cabinet meetings after maliki accused them of harboring sunni militants whove captured iraqi territory. translated we declare that we will not take part in the upcoming cabinet sessions to show our protest, and we cannot endure any more such behavior, statements and stances. Ifill the kurds have infuriated maliki by seizing kirkuk and its oil reserves and moving toward a referendum on independence from iraq. Woodruff the Pakistani Military claimed major progress today in a bid to drive militant fighters out of their stronghold near the afghan border. Army leaders said their forces now control 80 of miranshah the largest town in north waziristan. The news came as pakistani intelligence reported a u. S. Drone strike killed six militants in the same region. Ifill a financial scare at a major bank in portugal sent european markets down today and wall street followed. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 70 points to close at 16,915; the nasdaq fell more than 22 points to close at 4,396; and the s p 500 dropped eight, to 1,964. Woodruff still to come on the newshour. A spat over spying escalates between germany and the u. S. The death toll climbs amid escalating violence in the middle east. A test that evaluates American Students and schools. Addressing the backlog of cases in u. S. Immigration courts. Did todays emmy nominations make netflix the new black . And, brazilian artists take to the streets to combat violence against women. Ifill germany announced today that it is kicking americas top spy out of the country after new allegations of u. S. Espionage. Local media there have reported that a German Defense ministry worker who dealt with International Security issues was also being investigated because of his close contacts to u. S. Spies. And last week, a 31yearold intelligence employee was arrested on suspicion of spying for foreign powers reportedly the c. I. A. Since 2012. The allegations come on the heels of last falls revelation that the u. S. Was intercepting the internet traffic of millions of german citizens, and tapping german chancellor Angela Merkels cell phone. Before the expulsion request was made public today, the chancellor told reporters that germany and the u. S. Have very different approaches to intelligence. translated spying on allies is a waste of energy in the end. We have so many problems and i think we should focus on the important things. Just look at the challenges posed in syria regarding isis, if you look at the fight against terrorism there are huge problems. That is of the highest priority from my point of view and not spying among allies. Ifill the white house and state department did not respond directly to questions about the expulsion request. Joining me now to discuss whether the u. S. Should or shouldnt be spying on allies Annette Heuser, the executive director of the Washington Office of the bertelsmann foundation, a Nonpartisan Organization that seeks to promote trans atlantic cooperation. Mark lowenthal, a former assistant director of the Central Intelligence agency. Annette heuser, is Angela Merkels response to this latest breach, is it overreaction or responding to what she sees as a betrayal . There is no doubt Angela Merkel is angry and outreached and disappointed, but the entire political cast in berlin and what has happened today sending a highlevel u. S. Citizen who is the head of the Surveillance Services in germany home back to the u. S. Is a very unusual step that tells you how serious these latest spy incidents are taken by the German Government. Ifill mark lowenthal, how unusual is it to expel someone that high ranking. Unusual among the allies, not with the russians. I think shes overreacting. Ifill why . Shes a little disingenuous, first of all. Countries spy on each other, including allies, and shes not going to temp it down by sending a Senior Intelligence officer home. Shell make it worse. This has to do with her domestic politics. Ifill Annette Heuser, you hear that, mr. Lowenthal says this happens all the time, this is overreaction. Its a very usual reaction among allies to take such a step as the chancellor has today and to respond to the allegations by saying everybody is spying on everybody is an easy answer to a complex political problem here and, dont forget, berlin was waiting for a very solid response from the white house for days right now and, so far, berlin has not received anything but radio silence. So what else should you do other than taking these steps, sending someone home who is a highlevel official in order to signal to the allies, in this case to the white house and washington, that the government has definitely crossed a line here and that germany, in this case berlin, is expecting a solid answer. Ifill how deep a split is this, really, do you think . Well get over it, the germans will get over it. I would contrast merkels response to the president of frances response in another case who said well get over it. It will not be the end all of germanu. S. Relations. Ifill Annette Heuser, what about the domestic problems . You said you see it as a complex political problem. An international or domestic concern . Its both. The United States has to understand that the u. S. Position and perception on its Intelligence Services is not shared by everyone in the world, in particular not by close allies and certainly not by germany. The germans will much more sensitive when it comes to the activities of their own Intelligence Services and even more so when it comes to the activities of other Intelligence Services, as we have seen right now, and, therefore, its first and foremost a perception problem between berlin and washington right now and i feel right now that washington did not get the memo that this is a very serious incident for the German Government and that the cracks that the nsa scandal has caused in the transatlantic relationship on the way to even getting worse right now. Ifill lets talk about whats on the table that the u. S. Needs germany for, an interlocutor involving ukraine or syria or iran . Germany is always at the table. Theres a german word that means alliance worthiness and a lot of seen your american officials are not alliance worthy. You may remember secretary of defense gates in his last memo basically read them a t riot act when said we cant have some Alliance Members opt in and opt out. When we took the case to the u. N. , the germans wouldnt vote for us. So allies come and. Go they pick and choose. So to say that you cant be an ally, there are issues we have with the germans where we are uncertain about their policy and that will sometimes necessitate getting information through other means. Ifill Annette Heuser what about that . Is Germany Alliance worthy or an unreliable ally on these issues . I think there can be no court at all that germany is a very serious and solid partner of the Transatlantic Alliance and a friend of the United States still. And the fact that, in some cases, germany has a different position in foreign politics than the United States doesnt mean its not a solid ally, and for decades right now, the u. S. Has forced us and supported us and developed german and european Foreign Security policy. But now we have different perceptions regarding ukraine and how to deal with vladimir putin, for instance, we are not seen as a solid ally anymore. Ifill let me ask you both the question, is it worse the president did know about some of these incidents or he may not have known about them . Either is not good. There have been press stories he did not know. I dont think you tell the president every time there was a human operation if there was. There are certain operations you say is the risk worth the game in a sensitive area. It really depends how long this was going on. It is interesting both of these were revealed in the same week. Its not accidental. The germans didnt trip over this and expose it. I think they have been sitting on it and played it like a trump card when they didnt get satisfaction out of the snowden investigation. Ifill Annette Heuser, timing and knowledge. What do you say about that . We can only speculate at this point but the fact is the damage has been done to the transatlantic relationship right now and i would say the ball is in the field of the white house to respond and, so far, there hasnt been a solid and sufficient response from the administration in washington. Ifill in any case, germany is not going to get its fondish wish immediately that it gets a nospying agreement . No, thats not going to happen. Ifill you agree with that, Annette Heuser. Yes, the germans swallowed two big pills, first the no spy agreement after the n. S. A. Scandal and the second germany will not be a part of the five and therefore have started the cyber dialogue with the United States that just took place a couple of weeks ago and immediately after there were new spy allegations from the u. S. Side and germany and this was really bad timing. I would say, right now, we cant afford this in the transatlantic relationship. Brown Annette Heuser and mark lowenthal, thank you both very much. Thank you. Woodruff the white house announced late today that president obama has told israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu the u. S. Is willing to negotiate a ceasefire between israel and hamas. On the ground, the death toll and damage continued to mount in gaza today, as israel sharply stepped up its air assault on the palestinian territory. Palestinians reported at least 85 people have been killed this week. The Israeli Military said it hit 500 targets throughout the day and 860 since the offensive began. Meanwhile, hamas continued to target israels two largest cities with missile strikes. Palestinians picked through the rubble of still smoldering homes in gaza, even as other buildings burned from fresh israeli air strikes. sirens in israel, streets were filled with more people running for cover, from tel aviv to jerusalem, as hamas militants shot off more rockets. Most have been intercepted by israeli air defense. translated we were just passing by the bridge at the entrance of jerusalem and we heard the sirens so we went into the supermarket straight away. Yes in the beginning its scary. It is bizarre that it is getting all the way to jerusalem. Woodruff the crisis forced an emergency meeting of the u. N. Security council in new york, where the israeli ambassador used a smartphone to help make his point. siren 15 seconds. Thats how much time you have to run for your life. Imagine having only 15 seconds to find a bomb shelter. Now imagine doing it with small children, or elderly parents, or an ailing friend. A generation of israeli children is growing up under the shadow of this threat. Woodruff outside the meeting, the Palestinian Ambassador said his people have even less time to escape danger. Fifteen seconds it takes to react to an incoming rocket. How many seconds does it take to react to a raiding aircraft over the heads of our people in the gaza strip . I can assure you, it doesnt take more than one or two seconds. It is death for sure. As we have noticed today, a death of total family, composed of eight individuals, five of them children. Woodruff that family died in a predawn israeli air strike that destroyed their home. translated children, women and old people, there cant be more oppression than this in the world, cant they see what is happening to the people here . Woodruff their funerals were held later in the day, and mourners carried their bodies through the streets of khan younis wrapped in hamas flags. A spokesman for the militant group called it genocide. We confirm that what is happening in gaza are real war crimes that take place while the world is standing in silence and the arab world is weak, we ask the International Community to carry out its responsibilities against the war crimes committed by the occupation. Woodruff but last night, israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu blamed hamas for putting palestinians in harms way. It embeds its terrorists in hospitals and schools, and mosques, apartment buildings throughout the gaza strip. Hamas is thus committing a double war crime it targets israeli civilians, while hiding behind palestinian civilians. Woodruff as the air strikes continued, israeli troops and tanks readied for a possible ground assault. Palestinian president abbas said israeli authorities warned gaza residents today to move away from the border. Israeli troops trained as tanks moved into strategic positions all along the border with gaza. Earlier today i spoke again tonight to Josef Federman of the associated press. Joseph, thank you for talking with us again. Bring us up to date about whats been happening just in the last few hours there. Yeah, i feel like its sort of like the Middle Grounds of a boxing match right now where the two sides are just kind of slugging each other and no sign of either side gaining momental. I think were kind of in a Holding Period that may go on for a couple of days. Woodruff there was a statement by president abbas that the residents on the gaza side of the border need to move back, suggesting he has some information about an israeli assault in what do you know about that . Well, i think what wes doing, hes reflecting the fears that israel could be moving in soon. As you know, israel has been moving forces, en massing forces along the worried boor of gaza preparing for the possibility of ground invasion, so that created speculation something could be around the border but, from what i could tell, i dont think its imminent. The Israeli Military says its happen by with the way the airplane campaign is going and is in no rush to go in with ground forces. The report that the military ordered people away from the border, its something that happened in past fight, but the army tells me that has not been the case this time around. Woodruff josef, we also heard the palestinian representative at the u. N. Say that, in gaza, they have only one or two seconds to respond when there has been or is about to be a strike. How much warning do they have . What are the israelis saying about that . Well, the israelis say that they will warn residents if theyve identified a building as a target, they will tell people to get out, they will call the building ahead of time and fire a warning shot, sort of knock on the roof without explosive, and then only then do they actually blow up the building. So they say theyre taking precautions in some cases. In other cases, if theyve identified a person in the building as a target, thats a different story, and they say that person is a legitimate target and hes putting Anyone Around him in danger. So when you have a situation like that, you have the risk of civilian casualties. Woodruff and on the hamas side, josef, we know that they fired several hundred rockets over the last few days. Is it known how large the stockpile is and where theyre getting these cep weapons from . Hamas has been building up this arsenal of rockets for years. Israel believes they have about 10,000 rockets. Most of them are they call them grad kotushatype rockets, relatively short range, i think they go maybe 10 to 20 miles inside israel. But over time theyve also brought in more powerful rockets and weve seen some capable of hitting jerusalem, tel aviv and even further. Most to have the rockets are believed to have come from iran, theyre shipped to places like sudan and then go overland through egypt and smuggled into gaza. Now, the situation has changed over the past year. Egypt last year, there was a military coup, and the new government in egypt is very hostile to hamas and theyve shuttled this whole smuggling operation. So hamas, if this drags on, over the couple of weeks could see its arsenal diminished. Woodruff on the israeli side, josef, so far, they have been very successful at holding back the attacks by hamas. I guess their air defense system, 90 effective is what were seeing. How confident are they that they can continue that rate of effectiveness . Right now they seem to be very pleased and i think thats one of the reasons theyre holding back the ground defensive. As long as they can continue with the air assaults on gaza and avoid any casualties inside israel, theyre probably likely to continue with the same tactic. Its much less risky for them. The military seems very happy right now, very content to keep doing what its doing. If you see civilian casualties on the israeli side and, like you say, 90 is very good but its not 100 , so theres always the possibility of casualties on the israeli side, that could push israel to move in more of the direction of ground action. Woodruff Josef Federman reporting from jerusalem. Thank you again. Thank you. Ifill a new report finds that u. S. Students Financial Literacy is only average compared to students worldwide. American students also dont do any better on other International Tests which assess math, reading and science skills. What can be done to improve the performance of u. S schools . Education correspondent john merrow has our report. Ifill its testing day for an inner City High School in baltimore, maryland. Students wont arrive for another hour, but the adults in charge are already here, including joel morgan of ctb mcgraw hill, the company that administers and scores the tests. The test is math, science and reading. Its a continuous test and its approximately two hours times, followed by a 35minute questionnaire. Reporter at first glance, it looks like a typical multiple choice exam, the kind federal law requires every 3rd through 10th grade tore take in math and reading, a test jackdale, former superintendent of Fairfax County, virginia, Public Schools is very familiar with. Typically in the virginia standards of learning test or in maryland, it tends to focus on what we call giving back information, regurgitation of facts and figures. Reporter American Students are the most tested in the world. Do schools need another one . The value is 15yearolds across the globe can take this and you can take it and see how your school is doing against other countries. Reporter peter works with america achieves which coordinates the tests of the u. S. He argues this one is necessary because it evaluates schools, the depth and rigger of their curriculum. Are they challenging their students to think critically, for example. Instead of just having someone solve a problem and bubble in the answer, its basically explaining your thought process, like a multistep word problem or a text where you have to justify your response. Reporter the exam was developed by o. E. C. D. , the organization that administers the International Tests known as piza, program for International Student assessment, given in seven countries every three years. The results allow nations to compare Education Systems and measure their own progress. The piza assessment is one of the best assessments to evaluate Critical Thinking and problemsolving skills. Reporter skills, he argues, that are essential to compete in a global economy. This exam isnt given to every student, just a carefully drawn sample because its designed to measure aspects of the school, not individual students. At this school, only 83 of the 1,300 students will take the exam. So the question is can you get a representative sample of your kids in your school or do you always need to test 100 of the kids . Well, statistically, the answer is you can get by with a representative sample. Reporter giving this test to every student would be prohibitively expensive because about half the questions require written calculations which cannot be graded by a machine. You will have two hours to work on the test and then 35 minutes to complete the question reporter reading from a prepared script, morgan starts with a practice question, directing students attention to a table showing winning times for Running Events at the 2008 olympics. Which one of the foul was the most likely rubbing time for the Gold Medalist of the womens 800meter race . Reporter the exam asks students to apply reading, math and science skills to reallife situations. For example, they may be asked to analyze different cell phone plans to figure out which is the best deal. It allowed me to think differently. On standard tests, you have to study and kind of recrypt knowledge. But with this test, its more about drawing back on things youve learned throughout your life. A better measure of how we apply information that we already know instead of just seeing if we can recall something. Reporter after completing the math, reading and science portion of the exam, the students answer questions about their attitudes toward teachers, their school and their courses. I thought it was very interesting that they want to know about our lives and how we view math and science, and i think if it was for a survey, it would help whatever they were doing. Reporter jack dale had some Fairfax County high schools participate in a pilot test of the exam in 2012. He was eager to find out how his schools measured up against the rest of the world. I wanted to find out, number one, are we as good as we thought we were. And we were. The higher up you are, the better your reading score was. Reporter each circle represents a different school. Left and right on this one has to do with a students perception of their relationship with their teachers. Reporter this says, okay, the teacherstudent relationship was not as strong as we adults thought. So we said, ah, we have been focusing on relevance and rigor. We need to focus on relationships to make sure we are role models, people they respect and admire. Reporter schools gate comprehensive 150page report. Dale who consults part time for america achieves showed me the kind of Detailed Analysis the report produces. They actually rate your kids across six different scoring levels the higher the level, the better off you are. Reporter the United States has about 27,000 public high schools. This year about 300 elected to pay 11,500 to have a sample of their students take the exam. That is not a large dollar amount compared to the entire junior class being assessed. Reporter is it your view that, as this test catches on, we can do fewer of the bubblele tests that kids take . Absolutely. Reporter are you done pushing a revolution . Am i pushing a revolution . In many respects, i think what the United States needs to do is catch one the revolution that occurred throughout the rest of the world. Reporter while many critics of standardized testing would like to see nothing more than see the bubble tests diminish, the chances of that happening now seems slim. Most states are changing to new curricula based on the new common core state standards, meaning most likely more standardized testing for students. Testing schools may be on the back burner for a while. Woodruff president obama has asked congress for almost 4 billion dollars to deal with the recent influx of unaccompanied children from central america. But republicans in congress have showed no signs of quickly giving the administration what it wants. Jeffrey brown has our report. What he appears to be asking for is a blank check one that would allow him to sustain his current failed policy. Were not giving the president a blank check. Reporter as the day began, Republican Leaders were in lockstep against president obamas emergency request for 3. 7 billion dollars. Its aimed at stemming the flow of unaccompanied Migrant Children across the mexican border, some 57,000 since october, mostly from central america. Senate Minority Leader Mitch Mcconnell and other republicans insisted the president s underlying immigration policy is the real problem and his budget request, by itself, is not the answer. We want to make sure we actually get the right tools to help fix the problem. And thats not what weve seen so far from the president. Reporter the white house shot back that theres a clear and urgent need for funding to add more Immigration Judges, detention facilities and other programs. Homeland security secretary jeh johnson made the case at a Senate Hearing this afternoon. The request is indeed a lot of money for taxpayer. Senator shelby asked the right question, what am i asked to pay for . From my perspective, this request has the right focus on deterrence, added detention and removal. Reporter the backandforth in washington came as president obama wound up a visit to texas. Last night, in dallas, he rejected republican demands that he visit the border. This isnt theater. This is a problem. Im not interested in photo ops, im interested in solving a problem. Reporter instead, the president pressed texas congressional leaders to support his funding request. The only question at this point is why why wouldnt the texas delegation or any of the other republicans who are concerned about this not want to put this on a fast track and get this on my desk so i can sign it and we can start getting to work . Reporter but as the day unfolded, the outlines of a possible deal emerged. It involves changing a 2008 law that requires Court Hearings before deportations of children unless theyre from mexico or canada. Top democrats left the door open to including that change in the president s package. House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi its not something that would be a deal breaker as we go forward. Let them have their facesaver. But let us have the resources to do what we have to do. Reporter and Senate Majority leader harry reid said democrats on his side are not going to block anything for now. The white house also signaled its open to changing the law to quicker deportations of Migrant Children. As children continue to pour across the countrys southern border, its the nations 233 Immigration Judges who are tasked with deciding who stays in the u. S. , and who gets sent back home. We get a view from within the system from danah leigh marks, president of the National Association of Immigration Judges. Shes been a judge for 27 years and is based in san francisco. Thank you for joining us. Everyone seems to agree about the huge backlog, how serious a problem is it, for the system and for an individual judge . Its an extremely serious problem. The immigration courts have 375,000 cases pending before them right now and only 228 Immigration Judges across the country to deal with those cases. The nationa national associatiof Immigration Judges has been trying to call attention to the extremely overburdened conditions our dockets are experiencing and how long cases remain pending, which can be four or five, sometimes six years in various parts of the country when someone is not detained. But weve had trouble getting attention focused on us. Reporter a lot of attention now. What kind of immigration changes have judges seen in terms of whoves appearing before you . Are you seeing many younger people now . Yes, over the past three to four years, there have been a steady increase of unaccompanied juveniles appearing before the court. What happens is, when people are encountered at the border, their cases may not necessarily stay there. If they have family members that they are reunited, with then they are allowed to change the venue of the cases, and the cases end up being transferred to the 59 immigration courts around the country. Brown i know Immigration Law can be complicated, but is there an easy way to describe the criteria you use or the amount of leeway a judge has in deciding cases like this . Actually, the Immigration Law is so complex its very often compared to tax law and, yet, the amount of leeway a judge has is very, very limited. Immigration law has a series of categories that are very, very rigid. If someone fits within one of those categories, they may be eligible for some kind of release from an order of deportation and removal, but if they dont fit in that category, then judge can be required to send them back home. Brown so given this enormous case load, how much time give us a sense of how much time a judge can spend with any particular person before you, and what happens in the courtroom . Well, the courtrooms are very much like criminal courtrooms you see across the country, except people are not represented. Theres no guarantee of representation by an attorney. So approximately 40 of the people nationwide do not have attorneys, and if you look at the detained population, approximately 85 of those individuals do not have attorneys to represent them. So the judge has to spend additional time explaining to the individual the procedures, what is going on, what possible remedies they might have under the Immigration Law, and its extremely difficult for an immigration judge when there is not an attorney representing the person whos appearing in court. The government is represented by attorneys in virtually all cases. Brown presumably, that means the level of evidence you actually hear must differ all the time. It varies dramatically depending on whether or not the person is represented and how well represented they are as well, since its also wellknown immigrants can be victimized by unscrupulous lawyers so we have difficulty with substandard Immigration Law practice in our courts as well. Brown so now the president proposed adding 40 new judges in what he put forward this week. How easy is it to ramp up the numbers in terms of the training that a judge needs, and what kind of difference do you think that would make . Any addition to the core will be extremely helpful. We cant deny that. But it is not an easy job to ramp up quickly Immigration Judges. They need many years of experience in Immigration Law or in being judges. Many judges agree it takes probably four to five years to really hit your peak in being a judge in this kind of specialty setting, and we are very concerned that this is just a drop in the bucket. The senate bill that was introduced last spring, senate bill 744 recommended that there be 75 new Immigration Judges in each of the next three years 2014, 2015 and 2016. So you can imagine that 40 coming now towards the end of 2014 is not nearly enough to solve the problem that has been existing in the immigration courts even before the surge occurred. Brown so your group is pushing for more judges, more what . What would you like to see in our last minute here . We would like to see more Immigration Judges, more judicial law clerks, those are attorneys to help us. We actually believe the longterm reform of the immigration courts is to move us out of the United States department of justice and make us an article one Court Similar to the tax or bankruptcy courts so that theres transparency in how money is allocated and spent to the courts so we dont find ourself in circumstances a few years later down the line. Brown transparency is not there now in terms of the funding . We dont believe it is as transparent as it should be, correct. Brown all right, judge danah leigh marks, thanks very much. Thank you, jeffrey. Ifill with shows as diverse as breaking bad, true detective, nurse jackie and modern family, to name just a few, critics frequently refer to this era as a new golden age of television. But with new content being produced and consumed directly online these days, its really more like a golden age of video, so to speak, and the new emmy nominations out today reflected that. Net flex, an Online Streaming Service netted 31 nominations, most for house of cards and orange is the new black. Aside from traditional over the air broadcast networks were shut out of nominations for best drama entirely. Instead cable and premium channels like fx, hbo and others ruled the day. Have our viewing habits changed forever . Hari sreenivasan has more from our new york studios. Sreenivasan how significant is the shift were seeing from traditional broadcast networks to not just Cable Networks but streaming players . I think pretty massive. Technically, it started with the sopranos and hbo and youve seen it move away from traditional broadcast networks toward basic and premium cable and now towards streaming Services Like netflix which first entered the race last year with house of cards and is a bigger competitor with orange is the new black. Sreenivasan considering the amount of money the abcs and nbcs put into it, how do you feel about these people coming in and taking viewers . Theyre frustrated. Because they have the creative freedom and the form of freedom to make the shows they want, to have the kind of content, language, the kind of violence you cant have on broadcast Network Television and to roll it out whenever they want. Thats like the Binge Watching model to put out 12 and 13 episodes out at once where traditional rolls one out a week. Week. Sreenivasan and they dont have to have as many episodes. Yes, youre seeing seasons as short as 7. The good wife was overlooked this season, which is 22 episodes, and thats a lot of tv to create year after year, week after year. Sreenivasan out of 22 episodes you have a better chance of getting not so great one versus 10 you can focus on quality. You will have a fewer slower episodes that arent as engaging. Sreenivasan we saw kevin spacey for house of cards and Matthew Mcconn han and harrelson for true detective. These are big screenings for small projects, why . You will see it everywhere. Steven has given up on tv and creating movies. There arent a lot of great roles in the film world but increasingly the movie business is driven by comic book movies and projects like that. In the tv world, its, you know, a lott richer kind of diversity of parts available. Sreenivasan are we going to see the split where hollywood is left with the big blockbuster that we see on the big screen, iron man 16 versus maybe netflix or another streaming option might be where i consume it at my own pace and get into it because i love this actor or this director . I dont think you can ever say that the movies people will stop going to the movies. This year we had a great reward season in terms of quality of pictures that were out. But i think it is harder and harder to find adult fare at the cinema. You can find it everywhere on tv, almost too much of it. Any surprises, big snubs . Two noteworthy snubs were blackstar and tatiani who plays critical parts, she was overlooked. The other is the good wife. It had a strong creative resurgence this year and i think most people thought it was a given but didnt make the cut. Sreenivasan what about the ones that did i . Were you shocked . Surprises . Sreenivasan yes. There were a few surprising once. Silicon valley i dont think people thought, the tech satire, so funny i dont think it was seen as a given. Another one was Ricky Gervais on derek which received mixed reviews and i think most were surprised by his nomination. Sreenivasan the number of shows netflix is producing, does the Television Industry take it seriously as a legitimate content avenue for directors and actors to go to when theyre shopping around . I think absolutely. I mean, you are seeing huge numbers go that way. Given the number of awards and nominations, you will see more people walking that way especially because of the creative freedom theyre allowed. Sreenivasan thanks so much. Thanks. Ifill finally tonight, the story of a group of brazilian street artists. Using the spotlight of the biggest sporting event on the globe. To highlight a problem close to home. Special correspondent sophia kruz of Detroit Public Television has our report. Reporter in brazil the start of the 2014 world cup was cause for celebration, but amidst the partying was also protests, with Many Brazilians speaking out against the 11 billion their country spent on the games. 11 billion, they say, they could have been spent building desperately needed schools and hospitals instead of football stadiums. But the protests havent all been violent and one of the peaceful weapons is public art. This anthropologist explains. These are weapons that people who have no formal political power can employ and they have been things like samba, music, humor and graffiti fits right in there. Reporter graffiti is used as a powerful tool for political protests in urban areas around the world, by in Rio De Janeiro, its more than that. Here its woven into the fabric of the urban landscape, bold in scale, often stretching city blocks, and every inch is legal thanks to a federal law decriminalizing street art in 2009, which has been great for graffiti artists like berno. They dont call the cops to harass you because they like, you know. They offer you water or coffee or asking you if you need paint to finish your wall. Its incredible. Were lucky. Reporter this widespread public support led some gray gri artists to become advocates for social change and as the spotlight shines on brazil. 78 graffiti artists packed up their spray cans and traveled across the country to rio for the first day of the world cup. But these artists arent here to protest the games. Theyve come to fill a kilometerlong city block with murals, all protesting Domestic Violence. Have you ever done any paintings for Domestic Violence or womens rights before . No, never. Its the first time. Im really proud. Yeah, a different experience. Reporter these graffiti artists may not look like typical womens rights activists and on most days theyre not, but today they have been brought together by street artist and activist castro. Graffiti is special because when you do art in a room, in your home, in a theater, its just for you and sometimes you will make a show, exhibition, so more people see. But when you do it in the street, you are communicating with everybody. This is around 2009, i think. Reporter she is recognized as one of the best graffiti artists in brazil but her work stretches beyond Rio De Janeiro and sao paulo. Her paintings can be seen around the world berlin, paris, the United States, new york and even in madison, wisconsin. Using graffiti to promote womens rights is personal, because her first husband she married at age 21 began abusing her shortly after they moved in together. When i moved in, everything changes because he felt he had the power and he starred beating. What happens is at the end of the week, he beats me. Reporter she is not alone. One out of every three women internationally will experience some form of genderbased violence in her lifetime and in brazil the numbers are staggering. Women are beaten every five minutes. We have been painting here since 9 00 this morning. And in that time four women have died in brazil. She survived a beating by her exhusband but the injustice didnt end there. We went to the Police Station where, at that time, we dont have the wall against Domestic Violence, and nothing happened. He never went to the court. Nothing happened. Reporter her former husband was never prosecuted because up until a few years ago, there was no comprehensive law regarding Domestic Violence on the books in brazil and researchers studying gender based violence said the lack of education reflect add broader cultural problem. They didnt consider violence against women as a serious issue. Its a private one, and most of the them will not judge it or condemn it. Reporter in 2006, the maria depena law was passed protecting women from the types of injustices suffered by this woman. I saw it was really possible. I decided to promote the law and help other women. The tool i had to do it was graffiti. Reporter she dedicated her life to raising awareness about the law, founding an organization in 2008, she and her female team host graffiti shops and schools throughout Rio De Janeiro, the aim to prevent Domestic Violence by working with high schoolers, girls and boys. Its not an issue for women, for men, for the Health Factor or justice factor, but its an issue for all of us. So we have to do this together, if we want to figure out a future with no violence. When Office Victim of Domestic Violence, i didnt see myself as a victim. For me, that was common in the life of women. In this process, i learn things can be different. The woman can be free and thinking other ways than people say we have to be. Reporter the event was a victory for her and womens rights. Woodruff how the arts can help address issues of womens rights around the world is the subject of an upcoming documentary by sophia kruz. You can find a link to that project, creating for change, on our website. Ifill again, the major developments of the day, germany announced its expelling the top u. S. Intelligence official at the american embassy, over new allegations of u. S. Espionage. And president obama told israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu the u. S. Is willing to help negotiate a ceasefire to end the recent violence with hamas. Woodruff on the newshour online right now, when photographer Robin Hammond traveled to sudan in 2011 to cover an unfolding political story, he also noticed a tragic, untold story of the mentally ill, held in brutal conditions, often shackled and neglected. His photos are part of a new book, condemned and you can see a gallery of his work, on art beat. All that and more is on our web site, newshour. Pbs. Org. Ifill and thats the newshour for tonight. On friday, paul solman explores how an artisan economy driven by handmade goods could help save the middle class. Im gwen ifill. Woodruff and im judy woodruff. Well see you online, and again here tomorrow evening with mark shields and david brooks. For all of us here at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Carnegie corporation of new york. Supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of International Peace and security. At carnegie. Org. And with the ongoing support of these institutions. And. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by Macneil Lehrer productions captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org  this is nightly Business Report with Tyler Mathisen and susie gharib. Pressure points, stocks yoyo on concerns in europe and weak Economic Data from around the world. Is Global Growth faltering . Online opportunity. Why the increase in cybercrime could be a growth area for insuran insurance. How Technology Advances in medicine are bringing a whole new meaning to the term. We start a twopart series on telemedicine. That and more for nightly Business Report for thursday, july 10th. Good evening, everyone. The stock market os closing numbers dont tell