Transcripts For KQED Charlie Rose 20170311

Relationship to these laws and will we maintain the posture of saying we want an exception here and here. Heres a nice family, a good immigrant family, or are people going to start looking at the longterm consequences of these laws and saying, you know what, having facilities all over the country keeping people locked up instead of allowing them to work, we moving people from their families and their jobs, something is problematic about that. Hockenberry we conclude with Fashion Designer and philanthropist tory burch. She talks to katie couric about her career. Instinct is good. If you believe in your vision, its important to follow it when you have a unique point of view. When i havent gone with my instinct is when weve gone wrong. With any Great Company, you need to be flexible. When you make a mistake, react quickly and i keep thinking of grace under pressure. Michael weiss, Jackie Stevens and tory burch when we continue. Rose funding for charlie rose has been provided by the following and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and Information Services worldwide. Captioning sponsored by Rose Communications from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. Hockenberry good evening, im John Hockenberry filling in for charlie rose. We begin tonight overseas with the state, you probably know it as i. S. I. S. Iraqi forces have taken all but the western part of the city of mosul, the last i. S. I. S. Stronghold in that country. In syria, hundreds of u. S. Marines and artillery are joining local forces in preparation for an assault of the i. S. I. S. Capital of raqqa. This safe to hope this is beginning to have the end to i. S. I. S. . Michael weiss, coauthor of isis inside the army of terror, just updated and reprinted in a new edition. Pleased to we can imhim to the program. Thank you. Hockenberry seems mosul is in transition and were starting on raqqa. And part of the ambition is to keep i. S. I. S. From fortifying raqqa. A lot are fleeing from mosul because they will lose the city in a matter of weeks, so the goal is to squeeze both ends to have balloon at the same time. But raqqa i fear is going to be moch more difficult fight, not only because it is the de facto capital of their socalled caliphate, but the forces are not necessarily going to be welcomed in as liberators. So the organization or the Umbrella Group thats going to lead the fight is called the Syrian Democratic forces, largely kurdish in composition and almost wholly kurdish many military dom nanls. The sunni arabs who are part of the umbrella are kept down, theyre not allowed to exert political will for a reason, because the kurds are making their state in syria with the backing of american fire power and jets overhead. The deployment of this military force, a couple hundred marines, army rangers in syria, yes, theyre going to be fighting i. S. I. S. And waging indirect fire int in raqqa and squeezing i. S. I. S. Out of the raqqa province, but theyre more to keep piece between the kurds and the sunnis. So you have operation you euphrs shield, and they have cleared out Northern Aleppo and albab, i. S. I. S. s intelligence wing, sort of langley or c. I. A. But the kurds intervened to stop the kurds from building their statelet. They dont want the kurds west of the Euphrates River because the Kurdish Military force mounting the campaign is essentially a syrian offshoot of the pkk. They have been at war with turkey for 40 years and the turks see them as a greater threat than i. S. I. S. In the long term. So there are so many inherent continue digs to operation resolve, its almost embarrassing to say. American military forces are deployed essentially to keeping two American Allies from going to war with each other even more than waging the fight hockenberry is that because the u. S. Deems it important that the u. S. Be there to be this kind of military mediator, or have the turks demanded this as part of supporting this coalition in some way . The turks wanted to go into raqqa. They wanted to lead as part of euphrates shield, a garrison of sunni turkman, a lot of people have been peeled off from the free syrian army, a lot under the train and equip program that ended in calamity several months ago. But now the turks are blocked by the syrian forces, American Forces have been redeployed there to essentially hold the turks at bay. Erdogans ambition is countered by the pentagon, frankly. According to everything reported in the last several weeks we at the daily beast call it obama on steroids. I and others who study this think it is fraught with complications. Look, you dont use a minority to liberate a majority. Sort of middle east 101. The reason mosul has proceeded and the reason iraq has learned from mistake is the force they are using to march into mosul, not the shia militias, groups trained up by the iranian revolutionariranianrevolutionart mostly these are elite counterterrorism units, professionalized military divisions of the iraqi army that consist of sunni, shia, christians and other minority groups, these guys arent going in to help iran plant their flag. Thats working in mosul. In syria, any kind of accounting for the demographic and sectarian tensions if that country seems to have gone out the window and right now were saying lets just get the job done quickly. The kurds are good at fighting i. S. I. S. , a trusted and reliable proxy, well worry about the political aftermath later. My problem is political aftermath is all. Militarily you can defeat organizations like i. S. I. S. , we did it in 2010 known as al quaida and iraq. Its what comes next that you have to worry about. It was lets think about that. Number one, are americans aware theraware,when were talking abt fighting i. S. I. S. , i recall no u. S. Boots on the ground youre talking about hundreds of marines potentially facing i. S. I. S. Troops. The first i. S. I. S. Casualty that is in a u. S. Uniform is going to be big news and big propaganda news for i. S. I. S. Completely. I recall when the debate about whether or not to intervene in syria to counter the assad regime and proxies took place, the state Department Said we dont want to send 18yearolds to damascus. Instead we send them to raqqa, which is a place people heard of even less than damascus. This is a game of mission creep, if you like, the idea america could reduce its footprint or obliterate its footprint in the middle east, i thought this was a fantasy. One of the options i put forward and my coworker and i outlined this in a recent article is americas biggest mistake in iraq was not only military withdrawal but political disengagement from the country. We washed our hands, said you deal with this mess, you dont like the troops we helped defeat iraq, go to the green zone and parlay with them yourself in. Syria, its more dangerous simply because the United States has intervened, iran has intervened to such an extent they built up militias and proxy armies that really are running the Security Portfolio for assad. There was a piece this week that said assads army doesnt exist, even the russians said when they intervened in 2015, there are only about 6,000 combat ready forces beholden to the syrian army. Now gangsters. Its all proxies. Hockenberry and some russians. Yes. The russian protect rat in Eastern Syria while helping the pkk in northern syria, while essentially leaving assad the 35 of tear rain that he now controls which he considers to be a victory in this war, hell never be in control of all syria, the country is vulcanized, but what is americas end game and what are we doing the protect the bellwether constituency which i. S. I. S. Cannot thrive again, and the tribesmen who occupy jay jazeera and western and central iraq. We need to think of it as two nation states. You will never see a cohesive and integrated state of syria come out of the ashes of whats left of i. S. I. S. Hockenberry so either i. S. I. S. Is done and it means nothing, or i. S. I. S. Is not done, which would you pick . I. S. I. S. Is not done. Theyve already been planning for this. Their dearly departed spokesman, in his last communique of last year, he said, look well, he didnt say it explicitly but it was implicit in the message, were going to lose our state. So well return to the desert where rebuilt up in the 20082011 period after the Sunni Awakening in iraq and surge drove us out of that country. Theyre planning to do it again. So if america says youve lost mosul, fallujah, ramadi, raqqa, were out of here. Guess what . I. S. I. S. 2. 0. It may not look exactly the same as now, and already i can tell you im noticing a transformation i never thought i would notice with an organization like this. When founded as al quaida and iraq, it was led by foreign fighters, most famously alzarqawi. Over time it was taken over by native iraqis including former agents of saddam husseins baath party, military apparatus, military intelligence services. As of 2014, half of the shirr council consisted of former saddamists we knocked out of power. Those guys are largely dead. Now what im seeing is europeans and central asians, particularly who speak russian, rising to the forein this organization. Hockenberry President Trump made good on his promise to defeat i. S. I. S. But something will replace it. Yes, and also redouble it was to strike in the west. They speak the language, come from these societies, and as one i. S. I. S. Defector said they understand the strength and weaknesses of the societies. They know what a soft target is like. Theyve transgressed through International Airports in paris, brussels and berlin. So you will see that phenomenon happen. As they lose their caliphate, they will branch out. They had a province in libya. Theyve got one in afghanistan. Theyve got one in russia. These are not places where they exercise command and control. Albaghdadi didnt necessarily pick up the phone and say i want you to march a column of soldiers into this neighborhood or village, but there is still concern in terms of international jihaddism. People are still joining. What we are finding is and this is a cliche what looks as lone wolf attacks, are in fact being run remotely through the internet and linked up with other people whoivel cultivated or recruited. Hockenberry the battle of raqqa has begun, but what comes next does not look pretty. Michael weiss, editor of the daily beast. Thank you so much. Sure. Hockenberry growers in california and alabama may be worried about the sund shortage of undocumented immigrants to work their field, but the private prison industry stands to benefit. The department of Homeland Security has been asked by the white house to find 80,000 bed for detainees, doubling capacity, and as detention goes up, so does the prison industrys profits. Here to discuss the aggressive new defensive policies, Jackie Stevens, heads the Deportation Research Clinic at northwestern universitys institute. Welcome to the show, first of all. Lets talk a little bit about what we can expect from the aggressive policies from the Trump Administration. Well, i think what well see is a return to the raids and, you know, uptick in detentions and arrests and deportations that go back to the Bush Administration years. Right now the detentions were going down since 2012, and now there will be an uptick. Hockenberry i think people are prepared for detentions, but what is not widely known is the infrastructure for dealing with the number of people that are involved here is on a scale that i dont think Many Americans are aware of. Could you give us a sense of where people go when theyre detained, how long they stay and this sounds to me like a shadow prison system. Right, well, thats definitely whats been put in place since the early 2000s, and it really goes back to a law passed under the clinton administration, the 1996 law that increased the possibilities for people to be deported who have been in the country for a very long period of time, and took away a lot of discretion from judges ability to appeal decisions. Weve seen an increase in detention to 475,000 people a year detained under the Obama Administration in 2012. To accommodate that increase in detention and deportation, there has been a big upswing on private prison industry, which itself played a very, very active role in lobbying to accommodate those kinds of ends. In 2010, Congress Passed a law requiring that the government maintain, on average, no fewer than 34,000 beds a day in order to keep people in custody under immigration laws. There is no comparable law for requiring people to be locked up absent any particular penalty in the penal system. So, you know, this is law that was lobbied for aggressively by the prison industry and is still on the books today, and its outrageous, and its not anything that would be consistent even with conservative values, which would, you know, tend to want to limit government. Its something that is, you know, again, going to be experiencing. Its the basis for the kinds of policies that will be allowing the expansion of the prison industry going forward. Hockenberry first the question of the relationship with the prison industry. Is it the case that there is an incentive for private prisons to take detainees because at a get some sort of reimbursement from the federal government, and then that money goes into their revenue stream . Well, right. I mean, in order to keep people locked up, ice develops a lot of contracts, and about 65 of people in custody now are in custody with firms that, are you know, privately owned. The balance are in wings of county jails that are rented out by ice. Hockenberry and, so, this could be in any community. There could be an Ice Detention Center down the street, and you might not know it, because its either a part of an existing prison system or its just a wholly new facility. How would you know . Well, you know, there is actually some really good data that are available through a web site run by track at syracuse university, and if people want to find out where the facilities are, that would be a really good place to look. They have a number of different interfaces for Law Enforcement data from the government, and one of them has information on immigration detention facilities, including the private facilities, as well as the places that are kind of off the grid that might be in a local neighborhood, they might be in an office park, even, and not have the sign and not even have a u. S. Flag, and many of those also are listed on that web site. Hockenberry and this is not toncrease awareness because we consider these people dangerous. I mean, it is the case that most the vast majority have committed no crime, theyre just on their way out of the country and are in a kind of suspended detention that could be fairly openended depending on the speed of the governments detention hearings and the like. Well, right. Well, just to be really clear about this, you know, many of the people who are being held are actually challenging their deportation order. So they get an order that says ice believes youre not in the country lawfully, and theyre allowed, in many contexts, an opportunity to contest that charge in immigration court. So the people who are being held in ice custody are not being held because they have been convicted of any particular immigration crime, or any other crime. Theyre being held because they are challenging a civil order to deport them. They are administrative detainees. Theyre not there because they have been convicted of a crime. They are being held because theyre either a flight risk or there might be some factors in their record that would suggest theyre a danger to the community and additional risk factors construed as bed space availability. Those are the three factors ice detention officers weigh when deciding whether to keep someone locked up or allow them to be free while appealing their deportation order. Many people who are detained actually have their orders terminated or have other discretionary release, and, so, theyre actually not deported. So theres a whole range of different kinds of outcomes. Its also important to point out that thousands of people being held in these facilities are u. S. Citizens, and these people are completely, you know, unlawfully detained and, you know, held under very horrible conditions. Hockenberry let me stop you on that one. Theyre u. S. Citizens because theyre caught in a dragnet inat verntdly . Or what is the reason a large number of american citizens would be in this system . These are typically young men of color coming out of the prison system or some other encounter with Law Enforcement and their claims of u. S. Citizenship are disbelieved. Evidence consistent with deporting them is treated as accurate an and other evidence s discredited. Hockenberry there are people who will say the depondensy of individuals who illegally came into the United States doesnt concern me a lot, they took the risk, theyre in this situation, why should i be terribly outraged by this even if it is at this scale . Right. So i think there are a couple of ways to think about this question. One is about the magnitude of the response to what is a civil infraction. Many of the people who are locked up are here on visa overstays and so forth and theyve violated no criminal laws. The second question does, i think, have to do with a very serious question this country is coming to terms with now and that has to do with our deportation laws and our borders. I think were at a moment now that reminds me perhaps of where the country was in the 1850s, and this was in the context of there being legal slavery in the south, but in 1850 Congress Passed the fugitive slave act, and that allowed the slave catchers to go into the north and required communities there to return escaped slaves to the south. Communities in the north, in the past, may not have been so, you know, favorable about slavery, suddenly had to deal with this question in their communities. I think this seems resonant to me about whats happening now with sanctuary cities and other, state attorneys general and so forth who are pushing back of ramped up enforcement of deportation laws. I think youre right to point out especially people on the left and progressive communities need to think seriously about their relationship to these laws and, you know, are we going to maintain this posture of saying, okay, we want an exception here, here. Heres a nice family, a good immigrant family. Or are people going to start looking at the longterm consequences of these laws and saying, you know what . Having these facilities all over the country keeping people locked up instead of allowing them to work, we moving people from families, jobs, so forth, there is something really problematic about that and maybe we want to think more seriously about what it would look like to have open boaferredders especially in north america, to have something more like the european union. This sounds like a reach, but if you think about things that may be worth considering, one, for most to have the world, slavery was normal and it was strange to challenge it. Even in the 15th, 16t 16th century, moving wasnt allowed. If you were caught outside the parish of your birth without a pass, you could be wind whippedr ear would be seared and if you were caught a third time, you would be executed. One of the penalties was being transported to the plantation, which is to say the colonies in america. People thought at that time if you allowed Free Movement you would allow people flooding london. Fast forward to the 21s 21st century, no one would think its plausible or even a problem to say that we want to limit, say, the movement from people in mississippi to new york because there are a lot more poor people in mississippi. So, again, i know this is a lot to take in, but the system that we have right now is really inconsistent with any kinds of, you know, liberal values and conservatism with a little c, and, you know, i think this is something that people might want to consider as we contemplate the alternative, which is this rampedup enforcement of the deportation laws and the massive expansion of a prison industry. Hockenberry thanks so much for illuminating us on that. Thank you so much. Couric good evening. Im katie couric, filling in for charlie rose. Tory burch is here. She is chairman, c. E. O. And designer of her lifestyle brand tory burch. Her foundation has launched a Global Campaign called embrace ambition in honor of president sinternational womens. Heres a look at the Public Service announcement for the campaign. I Amal Alamuddin bicious. Will not hide it. We are made to be ambitious. I will dream big. Take risk. Not live in fear. Longer will ambition be seen as negative. Ambition is not a dirty word. What is your ambition. Build an empire. More women run for office. Transform society. Help all of us lean in together. Embrace ambition. Will you . The proceeds of the campaign will go to empower Women Entrepreneurs in the United States. We are excited to have tory burch on the program. Hi. Hi. Couric before we talk about the campaign, i felt empowered just watching it, but how did you embrace ambition or didnt when you were younger because in preparing for this interview i read about how you got into fashion and it seems to me that you set your sight on a career in fashion after graduating from the university of pennsylvania with a degree in art history. You came to new york, and things kind of fell into place. Can you tell us about sort of the early days of your career . Yeah, so first of all, i think i was raised well, i know i was raised in a family that really i didnt know gender would have anything to do with it. I grew up with three brothers and my parents taught us we could do anything if we worked hard. That was the general feeling. I went to penn, studied art history and i got a job randomly in fashion. I sent a res pay to an interesting designer who looked like rasputin and he said i could start but i had to start the week after i graduated from penn and thats how i got into fashion. It was a bit by chance. My mother wore his clothing. It went from there. Couric that was sort of a fling in a weird way. It was. Couric you started out in p. R. And marketing. Right. In his office it was small, me, his partner and him. It was learning about everything. Minimalist space, no desks. Mats on the floor. Start 10 00 a. M. I grew up on a farm in the middle of nowhere in philadelphia, so it was a crazy beginning to my career. Couric what did you learn in the first job that provided a foundation for you as you moved up in the business . I learned a lot about the industry and how colorful the industry was. You always had people coming and going. I was fielding as well. He would run to the bathroom, i would pretend he wasnt there. He didnt particularly like women, he was trying to cut me hair all the time. His clothing was incredible. Minimalist and beautiful fabrics. Couric how did you develop your aesthetic . You started your brand what year . Couric by the way, was that a huge endeavor . How did you say, im going to start a brand, name it after myself and i am going to build an empire . So, a couple of things. I had no design experience, and i had never run a business. I was a stayathome mom for four years. The job that i had left was a very tough decision, i had been offered to be president of a beautiful brand from spain, and i found out i was pregnant with my third son so i knew i couldnt do both jobs well. I became a sta stayathome mom. During that time, i knew i wanted a career but didnt know what it was. I researched starting a school and this company at the same time. It was working on the idea of beautiful clothing that didnt cost a fortune. Couric starting a school . I had twins and it was hard to get children into schools and i thought there is a need for incredible schools. I was interested in education and it didnt go anywhere. Couric do you wonder what your life would be like if you focused on education and not fashion . In many ways. I had so many ideas. None came to fruition. I was so tired of talking about ideas and none coming tough. So i decided to start working on the company. This idea it was called jacks in the 60s, and it was greatlooking clothing not hard to find and about not spending a fortune. Couric the rest is history, as they say. I think youve done well for yourself. Part of the Business Plan from day one was to start a foundation. That has always been a driving force for me. I think when you ask where i got my style, i was a tom boy growing up but my parents were and still are very glam warehouse. I was surrounded by my mom and dad. He should have been a designer. He designed all his own clothing. My mom, too. Every family dinner, she would have beautiful flowers, and the way she took care and was into every detail. I learned from them. I heard a sweet story about your dad who passed away, had a lighter with charms on it. Yeah. Couric its one of your most special possessionings and you made it into a locket or a pendant. A pendant. He had extraordinary detail and was the kindest man i met. My parents took all kinds of people in. I never know who i would be coming home to. They would come for a short stay and stay six months. Andy warhol meets robinson. We had a crazy childhood but it was all about family and love. Meanwhile your brand expanded consistentty since you started the company. How many stores do you have now . About 200 globally. About 89 in the u. S. And you started is it called athleticwear . We call it tory sport and its a sport line and i love it. The word athleisure we call it coming or going. Couric when did you start that company . A year ago and a half ago its still brand new. Couric hows that going . Well. Were keeping it separate from the main brand. Its exciting. Were starting to build it. Couric this is a trend a lot of brands are doing this kind of clothing which i guess is just comfortable, you can kind of go from the gym to even the office at times, right . I think it started as a trend but i think its here to stay and i think its really a shift in the way women are dressing. We have been working on it for maybe seven years, and i had forgotten how hard a startup is. Its excruciating. So we finally got it going. The idea to marry real function and fangs, and how do you think about the elegance of sport, and thats whats exciting. I started thinking of the royal tannenbaums, and thats where we started. It has a bit of a retro vibe. We have tennis, golf, running, yoga and what we call coming and going. Couric i want to get to your incredible flyn philanthroc work. How do you make sure youre not expanding too fast and into too many arenas . Who helps you measure and balance that when it comes to expanding . Ist such an important point and i think now more than ever there is this philosophy of less is more. I think Department Stores used to be in charge and now the customer is in charge. We could be three times the size now if we wanted to be but it would not be a healthy company. We have or i personally have been so careful about growth, even though weve had this great trajectory, its been very strategic, and we dont want to be everywhere. We want to be in the right places and very careful. I think a lot of people open too many stores, get too promotional and when we do that and we have done promotions, we tell you back because it can really hurt your company. The company is now 13 years old. How has it evolved and what were the most important lessons youve learned . Theres been so m. I mean, first of all, on some levels, i just never imagined being on a journey like this. To feel to privileged to work with the amazing team i have worked with to build it is extraordinary. But it has evolved where ive learned a lot about design and how to be a dr c. E. O. Eve one ive learned on the job. Patients is something ive learned. I think ive always had a bit of it, but my parents tell me to buckle my seat belt, thicken my skin and think of negativity as noise. Thats pretty good advice. Couric whats the biggest mistake youve made on the way . I dont know if i can say it on tv. There are so many. Instinct is good. If you really believe in your vision, i think its important to follow it, if you have a unique point of view. When i havent gone with my instinct is when weve gone wrong. The great thing is with our company and i think any Great Company you have to be flexible and when you make a mistake you need to react quickly, get out of the mac mistake. I think of grace under pressure. Couric ettes talk about embrace ambition, which is such a great campaign. Youre right, i think society and women themselves feel fairly ambivalent about the word ambition. Yeah. Couric how and why did you come up with it . It started with the first article i was telling you that was written on our company and my friend said nice article but you shied away from the word ambition. She was right. I started to think about that a lot over the last 13 years. When men are am birse, its celebrated. When women are ambitiousish its seems crass or theyre unattractive. Women definitely internalize that. I did it myself so i can see why, but we need to get rid of it, its a very harmful stereotype. Couric did you find in talking with other women that they shied away from the term as well . I think everyone i spoke with has said at some point in their life they understood what i mean. I think, you know, i was interviewed by a man yesterdayers and he was, like, this doesnt exist. And i said, of course, it does. I mean, its very its rampant, in fact. I mean, if you think about how few jobs that there are of women and as c. E. O. S couric actually, the number has declined. It was interesting for me to read that in 2014 to 2015, there were 24 women c. E. O. S. In 2016, 21. Fortune 500 companies . Couric yes. So that number declined which i was surprised to read and dishearnted. It is a bit disheartening. If a woman wants to be that and its hard and you have to make those choices, there should be equal rights to do that. When you think of the word feminism, i think its misused. Feminism is about equal rights. Its not about disliking men. I think men have to be part of the conversation. Its a human right. Its not a favor. Couric womens rights are human rights. Its half the population. Couric there is a lot of subtle sexism in the workplace. You cant necessarily go to h. R. About it. Its almost more insidious than blatant sexism. I think there is definitely both. There is definitely an old mens Club Mentality in every industry ive experienced. Ive had a few pats on the back. When i went to raise money for our company, i was told never to say social responsibility and business in the same sentence. I thought that was so interesting. When you h think about millennials, its what they look for most. Its so important. Couric yo i want to talk about social responsibility in a minute but i want to talk about feminism and where you think we are today. We saw the womens march following this election. It was a day without women this week. Where do you think the Womens Movement is now . Do you think its being reenergized and that younger women are suddenly embracing the notion of being feminist . I think its being reenergized. Im very helpful. I was blown away by the womans march. It was extraordinary to see city after city around the world really unit. I think the important thing is not to lose sight of how powerful that message is and not to make at it a partisan issue because to me its not one. Couric with any political movement, there has to be forward momentum. Yes. Couric as a businesswoman and someone whos been so successful in building a brand, what should this movement do in order to become bigger and to have impact . Well, i think, when i speak to fathers and i talk about their daughters, they want equality for their daughters. And whether theyre republican or democrat. So if we start to have men be part of the conversation about the equality of women, whether its equality of pay, or paid maternity, or whatever issue it is, i think that it shouldnt be about gender, it needs to be about the quality of work. And women need to have equal rights. So how do we push that forward and keep the conversation going . I think the great thing about now is people are more engaged than they ever have been. Couric its interesting because i read an essay i think during the campaign about men who want equality for their daughters but not necessarily for their wives. I knew you were going to say that. Couric which i thought was interesting and depressing. Yeah. Couric but i also think perhaps generationally its changing. You have three boys. Yeah. Couric and you were telling me earlier that they love the fact that you work, they embrace your career enthusiastically, and i think, for a lot of kids, our kids ages, i think having mothers who work is a very different experience than our generation because my mom didnt really have a career. She worked at lord a taylor ad did other volunteer work but she wasnt a career woman. She would have been a great stockbroker. I feel the same about my mother. I feel she would have been a great architect. How sad they had a bid of a bit of a myth because generationally its great to be a role model for your daughter or me for my boys, but i think its interesting because when i showed my boys the campaign, i had to explain to them that ambition for women is perceived as different than it is for men. I was happy about that. Couric its interesting. I personally have never had trouble with the word ambition. I dont know why. I have always felt like, yes, im ambitious and im totally happy and okay with that, you know . Well, i think its great and certainly i am now. But i think tell you that we even have entrepreneurs at google told not to be perceived as ambitious. Couric really . Thats what they want . They think men dont find it attractive. I think its a stereotype and a harmful one and i think its out there. Couric who wants a man who doesnt find ambition attractive . I think those are the wrong men for powerful women to couple with, if you will, right . I definitely agree and i think that, certainly when i speak at colleges, and you said your daughter is in college, i spoke at one recently, and i was so impressed with how ambitious the students were. I remember when i was in college, it didnt seem to be the case. You know, they might have had a lot of interests, but a lot of them didnt go and have important careers for themselves, they didnt want it or they wanted to get married. I think times are definitely changing, and we just have to country the issue and make sure women have equal pay. I think thats a big one. Couric women are still not paid as much as men for the same job. Right. Couric and that has been the case for years. At some point, i think most of us peel that just has to change. I read a statistic the other day and i kind of remember this that women could not have a credit card in their own name in 1972. So we definitely have come a ways. The thing im worried about is we go backward and thats something that i think the womens march and this movement is so important it really needs to make us move forward and not go back to the 1960s. Couric i know the Trump Administration has the fewest number of women in its cabinet in a long time, and i think there are those who feel that it is not the most hospitable administration to women in a long time, but i think in a way its galvanizing those who, like you, dont want to see womens strides go backward. I think its a mess for their administration, because women offer a lot and they have a different perspective. Couric you give advice to a lot of millennials through your foundation. Tellme about what you do and what your goals are, because you work with young nawrps. We do but theyre not all young. Couric well, thats good. Yeah, i know. Its about Women Entrepreneurs in the United States, and its all kinds of women, and thats what i love most about it. But we talk a lot about confidence. I think thats a big thing women dont have. I think its hard for women to ask for a raise. I also have had that. Im not sure youve ever had that. But its been difficult for me to and im not sure why that is, but its really being the best advocates for themselves, and i think not in an arrogant way, but men can really represent themselves quite well, and women need to be taught that more. Couric why is that . Just conditioning . Conditioning. I do believe that. I think it is changing, but i think we need to really be there to change it more. Couric lets talk pragmatically what you do to help these women. Im sure some women watching at home would love to hear your advice for those who want to start a business or do something on their own and just dont know where to start. Well, i mean, one exciting thing, is as i told you earlier, part of the Business Plan of our company was to start a foundation, and i was very worried it would ever be perceived as marketing, so we did not want to talk about it for a long time, and we ended up launching the foundation in 2009, andeth taken us until how to really see impact and scale, and i think, with the partnership with bank of america, we have now given out over 25 million in the last two years to Women Entrepreneurs in the u. S. , and were averaging about a Million Dollars a month, and thats exciting. Women have a harder time getting loans, and thats just a fact. They pay their loans back, they are often single mothers, theyre dedicated to their communities, theyre great investments. Couric can you give me an example . Because i think its hard to kind of visualize some of the women youre helping. Can you give me real world examples . We have one who has a Company Called diva dogs, a hot dog company in new orleans. Shes incredible. Then we have a woman in texas who started she was on food stamps, had four children with her husband, and they were down and out, and she started to make granola bars, and we were able to give her a loan, and now she has a thriving company. Women are really courageous. They have courage, and they can get themselves out of really tough situations. We have a woman who goes on movie sets and really makes it more green and shows them how to do that. There are so many different kinds of businesses. There is an architect who now designs bras for ma mastectomy victims. So it goes on and on. We had one, she had a shredding company that was in a car that she would take to offices. They would bring down their documents and shred it on the spot. So its all kind of industries. A lot of food industries, certainly fashion, and its really inspiring to me to meet these women. Couric yeah, i bet it is. I mean, does it inspire you to keep going with your business so you can help more women like them . Well, certainly, it does. Aside from our partnership with bank of perk, we also bank of america, we have an violation program with goldman sachs, and thats really exciting. We have with our foundation a fellowship program. Next week well have 30 entrepreneurs which well high light on our site. Well have to narrow it to ten, and they each get 10,000 towards a grant for their education for their business and the winner will get a 100,000 grant. Couric isnt it ironic, when you started out, tory, you were advised never to use social responsibility in the same sentence. Social responsibility is part answer parcel of so Many Companies mission. Its about not just doing well but doing good. Its such an Exciting Development in business. I think people are looking for more and certainly theres a bit of a backlash with so much stuff and people want less but things with more integrity and things that are doing good, and i think that if we could be role models to companies that think about philanthropy and not wait 20 years out, it would be a great thing. It could be just giving time of a day to support a charity or any organization. Couric weve talked a lot about millennials and ive read about them and understanding that generation, and they prefer experiences over stuff. You know, they dont want to be burdened by a lot of possessions. So i think its really important that this social responsibility component exists in business because at a are very socially conscious, i think. I think also what our investors didnt think of is its good for the bottom line. It makes our grease happy. Its attracting great people the to work at our business, s and great for customers. Its a winwin. Couric youre doing incredibly well. When you look, tory, at the next ten years and sort of what you want to accomplish, you know, how you want your business to it rate, as they say iterate as they say in the tech world, whats on the ho risen . Everyone told me theres an Inflection Point in ten years of a business and i never understood that until recently. We have looked at our business, we had this amazing growth and the first ten years was super exciting, but we restructured to look at the next ten. And i think its about less is more, were editing, but really looking at every product with more integrity, but also how do we do more good, how do we have more experiences, what does personalization mean and certainly technology . Ive always been interested in technology. 14 years ago, people told me no one would ever buy online and we launched with an ecommerce site. Its interesting how there is a lot of naysayers and people who have different opinions, but what i talk to entrepreneurs about is you have conviction and drive and you believe in your vision, its so important to keep your focus. Couric i have to ask you a fashion question. I think one of your first items were the ballet flats, right, with the tory burch gold. My mothers. Couric and i think everyone knew, you have tory burch flats, right . Im just curious because ive always been one of those people who i dont like labels, i dont like purses that have labels on them, it just feels show offy to me. Im curious, have you changed sort of that approach in terms of screaming im wearing tory burch our logo wasnt meant to be a logo traditionally. It was meant to be more of a design element because i, too, am not one to wear a lot of logos. So it became this crazy thing we loved and embraced but, over the years, weve definitely pulled it back, and we love the logo but we want to love it in a careful way. We dont want it to be all over the place, even though its done so well and were so excited. But i totally understand where youre coming from. Couric but in a way, it is. It also means quality and it means a certain aesthetic and a certain sensibility, so it can be used in a positive way. I just wondered about it. Well, we try to use it in a pos thetive way and certainly we dont want to have a lot of logos on everything but we want to do it in the right way and thats something over the years we learned about our logo and how to use it and its interesting, globally, whether in asia, europe or the u. S. , people respond to it in different ways. Couric and style, i think, has become increasingly individual. Style, i think, people i feel, today, people are much more individual in their pursuit of style. Its sort of anything goes. There are so many different looks. Its not cookie cutter. Women are wearing track pants with heels and going out in the evening and looking great. Couric i dont think i could pull off that look. I think anything does go and i think its about how you feel about yourself and what clothes can do to elevate your mood to make you feel confident and i think people i love it when people do a different take on what we offer, and we have young women wearing it very differently than someone in their 20s or 30s, and then we have couric or beyond. We have all ages, and i think thats whats so great. Couric i wanted to also take a moment to say congratulations because you will be getting married. Yes. Couric soon. Youre marrying a frenchman. Pierre, and we have six boys together. We have a lot of children. Were very busy. Couric i think its very exciting. I wish you much happiness and continued success because youre doing such great things with your success and its wonderful how youre paying it forward, tory. Thank you so much, katie. I likely appreciate it. Couric thanks, tory. Rose for more about this program and earlier episodes, visit us online at pbs. Org and charlierose. Com. Captioning sponsored by Rose Communications captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org rose funding for charlie rose has been provided by and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and Information Services worldwide. Youre watching pbs. Hello. Welcome to kqed newsroom. Coming up in our program, a look at how the republican proposal to repeal and replace the Affordable Care act impacts california. And wikileaks said it will work with Silicon Valley companies to fix the vulnerabilities the cia allegedly uses to hack into devices. Plus the founder of craigslist and why hes giving millions to uphold and expand trustworthy journalism. The first 100 days of the Trump Administration, this week two congressional committees approved the gops new health care plan. It would no longer require people to have health insurance, but a penalty would apply for a lapse in coverage. The proposal