Tarantinos the Hateful Eight. Once youve seen it you can watch it again and follow all these different people now you know a secret about them. Everyone has so many secrets in this and its fun for that reason. Rose and we conclude this evening with Richard Engel whos book is called and then all hell broke loose. Two decades in the middle east. Its like gretzky. You cant look at the puck you have to expect where the puck is go to go and the next puck of history will be in the east so i moved out there and young journalism students i say to be a great journalist think about 20 years from now. Rose john rose funding for charlie rose has been provided by rose additional funding provided by and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and Information Services worldwide. Captioning sponsored by Rose Communications from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. Rose we begin with politics and the 2016 election. President ial primaries in South Carolina and nevada are taking place this weekend and next week. Senator marco rubio secured the endorsement on wednesday. I want to bring a conscience back to our government. If we elect marco rubio every day will be a great day in america. Rose donald trump continues to hold a commanding lead in that those states and the pope weighed in is that hes a person who only thinks of building walls wherever they may be and not building bridges is not christian. Trump responded in a rally in north carolina. For a religious leader to question a persons faith is not right and i will not allow christianity to be consistently attacked and weakened unlike what is happening now with our current president. Rose then from cbs in washington is John Dickerson and the host of face the nation and has moderated several political debates in this political season and its the political season i want to talk about first. Have you covered politics for a while. You were born into politics. Your mother was a political correspond. Have you ever seen anything like this year . No, especially on the republican side. So many candidates and i think donald trump and scott walker. We know about donald trump. Hes broken lots of political rules and seems to find new ones to break and yet survives them but also i think scott walkers a part of the story. Heres a governor reelected who took on the unions and hero in his own party, came from a purple state and walked the walk and had good fundraising around everything going for him and was one of the first to get out. Theres many ways in which this has been a year unpredictable. Rose how do you explain . Simply theres a yearning for change, for something different, for some sense of washington and our government has not been part of solution theyve been part of the problem . Thats right. Its a number of things. Washington has not been a part of the solution. Its been the problem. The elite in both parties have served up dish after dish that has been unsatisfying. The way in which politicians talk is unsatisfying and empty and doesnt speak to peoples real needs and so you had a politician come along in donald trump who could say anything and because of the way he said it it sounded new and fresh and real and i think also he is has been able to portray himself and he has a natural instinct for putting himself on the side of people who are so upset and disaffected. Other politicians talk about the disaffected voters and try to say i understand your anger. Trump embodies it so when he speaks and says something everybody gets a little exercised about from his corner what hes hearing is amen, brother. Rose its often even or the he talks about i a lot he talks about we a lot to identify with them. The voters that like him are fine with vanity and all the rest of it if it is on their behalf. So they dont mind him being a bit of a bragger because they feel hes bragging on their behalf. Rose it brings know todays controversy and the pope. Is there a sense in the Political Community you dont want the pope criticizing you. Well, in republican politics this pope is not terribly popular though it was John Boehners last act to sit and having invited the pope to be with him and it was very moving for john boehner but among republicans hes not a popular pope and on this issue hes saying the trump view on immigration which is to put up a wall which is a very popular view among Republican Voters and very popular among trump voters is the pope is butting his nose in where he shouldnt is the view among Republican Voters. Trump is probably on okay ground. He said no leader should ever question the religious faith of another which is a new rule for him since last week he spent part of it questioning whether ted cruz was a question and also questioned president obamas faith so he doesnt abide by his rules sometimes. Rose hes changed and theres a fight in there with ted cruz objecting to what he said on television he pro choice and donald trump is threatening so sue him because theyre old views not new views. This is an interesting tactical fight. On one hand you can see trump tying ted cruz down in a bunch of distracting fights and back and forth and sort of tit for tat which is messy if your ted cruz. On the other hand if people can get past it its donald trump in his own words how hes very prochoice. The question in the end is does trump by getting into a fight benefit or get through. As far as the polls are concerned it seems trump is winning this one. Rose trump versus cruz. Everybody has been looking to South Carolina and asking questions whether jeb bush will survive and will he continue or will he make some progress here. Then the endorsement by the governor of South Carolina. The polls show trump is so far ahead of everyone cruz and rubio are near each other for the second place. If cruz comes in third behind rubio or bush or the other theres a very conservative voting state so this is a place where ted cruz would have been expected to do well. Hes been in constant combat with trump for a month and hes not a dumb guy. Ted cruz is smart and knows how to make an argument. If over the course of a month his arguments could not penetrate into the trump lead thats not great for ted cruz because it will be hard to confect a new argument thats powerful and trump doesnt seem to be falling. His voters are particularly resilient. Not only do they pick him earlier but the more attacks that come to trump the stronger their faith in him is. Rose what is marco rubios weakness . Hes not had to make a decision and thats the argument Chris Christie is making and the argument theyre making. Theres a tight argument about the when you stack experience on itself the more crisis situations youre in the easier it is to handle them and thats a good argument because youll face a lot of crises day by day and it doesnt seem to be hurting rubio that much. Rose starting with the president. Is there any conversation within political circles today about the president s decision not to go to the funeral . Theres some curiosity about it. Hes going to the visitation but not the funeral. Theres headscratching why he didnt just go to the funeral. Thats all i heard so far. Rose moving to the democrats and first in South Carolina and then nevada. Hillary clinton is up in some polls by almost 30 points. South carolina was supposed to be a firewall for her and it looks like it will serve that purpose. But its not that she does well in the African American community by happenstance. Shes been working South Carolina hard for months. Long before Bernie Sanders was a real threat and shes been working it in a smart way and working with the congressman there and going to rural areas and big cities. Theyve been working the state hard. I remember being there more than half a year ago and surprised at how hard they were working it. The question for Hillary Clinton and its true when we get to talking about nevada where the expectations line up. Its always a question. Its long been a question in politics. Bill clinton when he came in second in New Hampshire was a big deal because of where expectations were. Same in 72. Its on and on and how you do through expectations. If expectations are shell crush sanders in South Carolina what happens when she actually does do that . Does she get a story that says, well, everybodys expecting that or do people say well, this is the beginning of a series of victories for Hillary Clinton because not every state is like iowa and New Hampshire. It will be one of the things to watch when she does well in South Carolina. Rose and nevada . Nevada she was supposed to have done well. Nevada had a 65 minority part participation in the caucus there and Hillary Clinton had a sense that this is a state she should have done well maybe in a tougher position now but polling there is very difficult and so even though theres a poll that has the two candidates basically even everybody would warn you that its hard to really know whats going to happen in the nevada caucus but if she does not do well its both bad for Hillary Clinton expected to do well, again the expectations playing a role here and also potentially tell us about Bernie Sanders ability to reach outside of that white vote hes done well in and produce votes in a nonwhite constituency which is a hurdle for him if hes to do better in the future states. Rose as always i thank you my friend. Im indebted to you. Thank you for taking time to join us here. A pleasure as always. Rose back in a moment. Stay with us. Jennifer jason leigh is here and start in fast times at ridgemont high and last exit to brooklyn and what other actors consider audacious leaps to the human realms of human depravity or typical roles. Her role as a murderous daisy has earned her her first oscar nomination and a nomination for an mated feature film. Welcome and congratulations. Thank you. Rose when you saw the crypt of quentin did you say oh, wow, i can do something with this. His writing is phenomenal. Its so much fun to read and i just was happy to have the opportunity to read and its a great role. Rose what makes it a great role. She has a lot of secrets and mystery and grit and theres so much to play. Rose character. So much. Shes the devil. Shes this muderous whore in a way but in another way of course i was playing her but i liked her. I like her because shes a Hateful Eight but a lot of women really like her. Rose is it because shes all that tough and meanspirited and has a combative quality. Yeah, she has a wicked sense of humor and smart. Shes fierce. Shes dangerous. Rose tell me who she is for people who have not yet seen the film. Shes got one of the best names ever and shes a prisoner. Shes being hanged by the hang man because he doesnt bring his bounties in dead he brings them in alive. Rose brilliantly played by kirk douglas. I was handcuffed to the hand for six months and i missing handcuffed to him every day. Ill never be the same. Rose whats this mean for you though . Because youve been nominated are people seeing you in different roles or an extension of the actress everybody knew you were . Thats a lovely question. I dont know. For me i can only speak for myself because i dont know what it means in terms of the outside world. I think its hugely significant for me. Its incredible to have such a great role and when you get a role in a tarantino film you dont want to let him down. You just pray you dont let him down. Rose because hes put so much into it and given you the role of a life time because he loves actors so much because he loves his entire crew. He makes it such a joy to go to work every day and he believes in you. Rose and he communicates all that. Yeah, so you want to give him everything he dreamed of. Rose thats rare. Yeah. I worked with a lot of wonderful directors so im fortunate in that way but even the most wonderful directors are in video village which means its like another universe with the screen. Quentins right on there is no video village on a Quentin Tarantino movie. Hes there with you and i was reading with him not a casting director. Rose you told the guardian a lot of times this town or business only looks at your last three project quentin is the exception and looks at your whole body of works and asked me about moments as though it was yet and hes that thorough and when he looks at you he doesnt see just what you do the last two years or doesnt think you were that person in whatever, 1985. Its true. Rose he knew what you could do. He knew more what i could do than i knew and more about my career than i knew. Rose how did you therefore prepare not to let him down and let your fell yo fellow actors down to make sure you brought to bear everything you had. He had two rules no cell phones and know your lines backwards and forwards. Excellent rule. You Start Talking to everyone around you and for lack of a better word you become a family and the focus is on what youre making. He wanted us to find daisy organically and gave me the task to play the guitar which i never played on my life and to play it live and score a theme and all in one take. 5a i had never played guitar and its all picking up both hands. So i it put me in daisys head. I dont know how much of a gift he knew he was giving me by putting me in her head. I was scared i could do it. Daisy didnt know how long she was going to survive and daisy doesnt want anybody to know shes vulnerable or afraid. It put me in such a sincere way i never had to reach for daisy suddenly she was. I knew she was nothing like me. Like when i look at the movie and quentin and i have talked about this rose you dont see yourself . No, i dont at all but i really enjoyed that. Rose look at the scene. This is number one where its played by jackson and explaining to Jennifer Jason leigh the difference between Kurt Russells character and him because theyre both bounty hunters. Take know red rock. You going to wait around . You know i am. I want to hear his neck snap with my own two years. Thats why they call him the hang man. When it says dead or alive the rest of us shoot you and bring you in dead over a saddle but when the hang man catches you aint got no bullet in the back. When the hang man catches you, you hang. Take a high dive in a low well. Rose whose idea was it . The first day of shooting thats what i looked like and i took a photoakh on my phone and sent it to my mom and i said this is as good as its going to get. This is the beauty shot. Rose there is also this. You imbued her with the idea shes going get out of this. Yes. Thats the thing. She knows shes going to survive. Shes going to figure it out. She will survive. Rose and shesd of smart characters. Yes. Rose but shes smarter . Shes smarter. Rose and figure out in the end. Yes. Rose and the audience never knows. No. Rose thats the great thing about that film. You dont know in the end how its going come out. Whats fun about the movie is you know more than you thought and it again and follow the different people now you know a secret about them. Everyone has so many secrets in this and its fun for that reason. Rose tell me about the film which i dont know about it because ive not seen it. What is that . Its a piece Charlie Kaufman wrote. Rose i love Charlie Kaufman. He sat here at this table. He directed it and wrote it . Yes. He codirected it a stopmotion animated movie so its done with puppets and we did it originally at ucla at royce hall in two nights and the characters are so beautiful and its very funny but its also very moving and sad and eight years later he said we are doing it in a stopanimation movie and we did it in three days it was< and a lovely focus and two years later it came out and during the two w u shot two seconds a day. Its painstaking work. Every time a puppet blinks or does this someone has to go in and move the puppet. Two seconds was a good day. Theres a sex scene in the film thats incredibly explicit and awkward and real and that took six months to shoot. Rose whos lisa . Shes a very short of average girl. Sweet girl. Shes got a bit of a scar on her face so shes selfconscious. Shes awkward and falls in love and someone falls in love with her and shes never had that kind of attention in her life this is michael stones character meeting her. Do you want to come in . Um, i was just looking for someone. I think ive got the wrong whos there . Mr. Stone. Michael stone. Really . Oh, my god. Hello. Do i look awful. I was just taking my makeup off. Oh, my god. Dont look at me. No, you look lovely. I cant believe youre in our room. We came from akron just to hear you speak. Oh, my god, please dont look at me. Im certainly very flattered. You can look at me. Rose is this the best of times for you . I think its certainly its one of the best of times for me. Its an extraordinary time for me. Its a significant time in many ways. Rose yours is a profession in which theres not a lot of places were you can work. Theres so many actresses unemployed. How many dont get to work. That is the truth. I feel extraordinarily lucky. Rose athletes and doing what i do daily, television. Theres challenges to be good every day. Your challenge is first of all a place to be good. And good people to work with. Yeah, well just even to keep working is but its something as an actor youre not in control of. Kurt said if you ever taught a class there should be one on what to do with the time when youre not working. Rose what do you do with the time when youre not working . Thats quite a lot actually. I spent a lot of time with my son and things at his school and things like that. Rose do you audition . It depends on the role. Sometimes i do and rose did quentin want you to audition. He did. Rose and what was he looking for did he tell you . Im not sure he knew what he was looking for. He was just waiting to see it i think or to see the promise of it. Rose did you know after the First Reading . A little bit. Youd be better off asking him that but we went out to dinner shortly after that and just talked about the shoot and the role and he said he was feeling good about casting me and it wasnt a done deal but rose not as much as he feels now. Thank you. Rose great to have you. One extraordinary performance as you know. Thank you. Rose back in a moment. Stay with us. Rose richard yeng gel is here chief correspondent of nbc news and two Peabody Awards and his book then all hell broke loose and chronicled his experience in lebbon and other conflict zones and its laced with historical con testext. Welcome. Its always an honor to be at the table. If the wood could only speak. Rose what do you want to tell us in the book . Its personal but also laced with history. Its not a book ofi journalisticr wearing jackets and running around dangerous places. Theres some of that but thats not the point. Theres a thesis and framework embedded in the book and if people read it id love it if they walked a way of information the middle east and encapsulating the last 20 years through my eyes and the framework would be when i first arrived in the middle east it was 199 6. I just graduated from college from stanford. Rose and you went back for to give a commencement speech. It was an incredible privilege. So i left the campus not really knowing how i was going to do it but knew i wanted to become a Foreign Correspondent and i thought it was going to be a great adventure and romantic fun journey along the way and i moved to cairo. Rose its been all that. And more and its not just as i thought sitting with my martini overlooking my balcony with my typewriter writing the next tale of intrigue. Instead i decided id go to the middle east and make my way that part of the world. I thought it would be the next story like gretzky cant be where the puck is but where the puck will be. So i moved out there and young journalism students i always say you want to be a great journalist think about 20 years from now where are you going to be today and where are you going to be well positioned to know that storyfke but rose youre telling them to be where the next Great Stories and do you want to be covering that. And talking about tools you need. You need to prepare and i knew about the middle east back to the story at hand. I moved to the middle east and moved to cairo in a poor neighborhood and integrating myself and learning the language and culture and there was a system in place the system of the big men. They were in that case were Saddam Hussein gaddafi in libya. All the royal families. A system had been locked in place with big men and these systems ran the governments, ran the societies and they were deeply flawed. And they were corrupt. People under educate and there was dooeeprooted theories and was under the surface but contained by the regimes. Rose they said to the populous well take care of the politics. You surrender your rights to complain and well take care of you. They were paternalist in nature and incentivized the people which i think the people eventually grew to recent. The imagine i return to is the row houses. You think of row houses along any coastline and theyre beautiful to look at and maybe people come to take pictures of them but they are rotting on the inside but they contain the rot which is good so they dont affect the other houses but not rose no democratic challenge. You have a system in the middle east of the row houses. Rose where are we in time . From 1967 which i think was the last time the map of the middle east was really torn up until 2003 thats when i arrived. And the houses you can put your finger through the wall is how fragile they were and under the Bush Administration in 2003 he slammed americas shoulder into the wall of one of the houses, iraq and unleashed a lot of of the demons within. She conflict the arab persian conflict and then through eight years of direct military action we broke that status quo and then soon to be of eight years in inconsistent action by this administration we destroyed it further i mean with the supporting the uprising in egypt and then not supporting it in bahrain and then supporting it in libya and a month later not supporting it in syria and en benghazi and then not supporting it. Egypt yes, bahrain yes, libya yes, syria no. Rose we would have never supported it in saudi arabia . Exactly like in bahrain. So the question is you have to look at these two administrations. The actions and inactions or actions and inconsistent action and having destroyed that previous status quo and to go back to the analogy of the row houses and knocking them down and now were dealing with the termites and rot and mold. Rose and the arab spring is what . Its become chaos. Rose libya is now ruled by tribes. Libya is a failed state and egypt where i think this goes to continue the model of status quo, destruction, chaos. Out of the chaos i think emerging a new period of strong men and egypt is leading in the charge. I think therell be more attempts in libya and in syria and iraq. Rose its amilitary man. It could come from the military. Rose hes been probably tougher on dissent than mubarak. I think the people in the regions a lot of them will embrace the strongmen i think are coming because if you think in aleppo or damascus theres no food and theres a checkpoint from a militant wearing a ski mask in front of your house and the kids arent going to school for years and theres no power and gas and worse and worse youll reach out to someone who offers a solution. The dictators offer an easy solution. Rose you being a Foreign Correspondent what are the critical qualities of a Foreign Correspondent and beyond endurance and beyond a capacity to go days and days without much sleep. It is also an element of courage but what else . I think you have to really believe in it. You learn the language. This is what i want to do. This is who i am. Its not a job. It is my life. Thats what i want to do. Some people if you want to drive cars and decide to be a race car or soldier or cop. Whatever it is you want to be an actor or you talk to all these people, if you decide with all your heart and soul thats what you want then the rest falls into place and what i decided what i want to do with my piece of time on this world is look at societys in transition. Rose theres stories of you in terms of finding yourself at risk. When you realize you were in trouble you say to yourself, oh, my god. But this is not to be unexpected because i know this was part of the risk when i went down this road. When i was kidnap and captured and literally going down the road and thought this is it . Rose five days were you held . Yes. You dont immediately think well, this is it, too bad. You say okay, you have to deal with it but the mind goes into the most hyper active state you can imagine. Its hard to control your thoughts because youre thinking about every tiny detail at that moment when i was driving down the road and i was in the backseat of a car and gunman came and blocked off the roads and there was a truck parked by the side of the road and all these guys in ski masks and weapon and two men armed standing by the side of the doors of the truck like an open mouth waiting to swallow all of us and im thinking thats where im going. Im going to be thrown in the back of the truck and who knows where were going. Everything slows down and you think theres two of them there. That doors open, how high is it if i needed to jump. Whats on my left. I probably cant run in that direction because ill get shot. I cant just sit here, look, theyre grabbing the guy in front and loading him. Am i going to be next. Youre going constantly in seconds of a million tiny calculations can i get my seat belt off in time, run to the corner do you think i can make it. And in the key thing if youre in dangerous situations is learning to control your thoughts otherwise your mind hyper ventilates. Rose that usually comes from training but you usually have to do it. In the military that comes with training. It comes with training and i did do a Training Course in hostile environments and a trick they tell you is to think about something. If youre captive for a long period. Sometimes hostages can be held for years and years so if youre locked in a small room and chained to a radiator how do you stay sane so you think of something procedural. Rose build houses in your mind. I dont build houses or engines i like to cook so i would cook in my mind all these great meals. Something. When youre not thinking about practical things something to get your mind into a better place. Rose syria today. Whats going to happen . We now see because of russian assistanc assistance assad is in a stronger position and theyll probably get aleppo. Probably. Theyre getting it. Theyre getting it now. Rose what does that mean . A stronger assad and a government in control. A whole range of people fighting each other some with common calls. I dont see yet a clear way out of the syria conflict because rose a clear way out means how it ends . Heres one possibility how it ends. Assad wins. Russia, iran, hezbollah help assad to the point he wins. Thats one possibility. Rose and isis destroyed . Isis would be destroyed in that situation and the Syrian Government reasserts its authority and the rebels are destroyed. The u. S. Is not supporting that program. The arab states arent supporting the program and turkey isnt supporting that program. The other possibility where the kurds take over the north and the kurds drive out isis effectively. Thats the u. S. s main strategy though the u. S. Rose kurds will be their troops on the ground. With a token arab participation but turkey doesnt want that and activity fighting against that so thats not happening. Another possibility the arab states want is a sunni coalition. The u. S. Doesnt seem it want to have that and certainly russia doesnt want that so theres no International Consensus on how this is supposed to end. Who is supposed to win. It is still a proxy war where everyone has the most favorite client and as long as that continues its going to continue to be very bloody. Its getting worse and worse. Rose the conflict between shia and sunni. And lack of law and order. A friend of mine in baghdad told me for the first time in his life he bought a gun. Not the first time in his life but in many years. Rose why . In fear of who . Everyone. Fear of militia coming to his house and a breakdown of law and order and bodies being found in the streets. Rose these are militias doing that . Yes, basically and theres lots of gangs. Rose what role is iran playing in all that . Iran want to make sure the u. S. Doesnt come back to iraq and reestablish its presence. The u. S. Left iraq after having destroyed Saddam Hussein. Iran would have preferred they left in a shorter amount of time and doesnt want the u. S. To come back. So iran will fight isis no doubt but they dont want an increased american presence. And they dont want to see the u. S. In iran fighting isis . I think washington is schizophrenic. I think some in washington say if russia want to fight isis and iran want to fight isis go ahead but i would say its schizophrenic. Rose the defense told me sometimes the russian airstrikes are hitting americansupported rebel groups. But sometimes take the kurds as an example and i think you can understand this and its the most bizarre proxy fight. The kurds are there for a long time in a u. S. Supported group. Not client but almost the most favored allie. Rose and successful. Turkey doesnt want the kurds to get too powerful. Some of the kurds are classified by the u. S. As a terrorist organization to make it more complicated. Whats russia doing . Vu russias been bombing and helping the kurds advance so theyre trying to pry away the kurdish allie from the United States and many believe what russias trying to do is drive turkey into a ground war against the kurds to punish turkey for having shot down a russian plane. Rose what is the chance of escalation between turkey and rush that gets out of control . Possible but i dont think either country has a real interest in there. They still do a lot of business but the possibility they could end up fighting a proxy war against the kurds is possible. Rose how does the United States develop a strategy to defeat isis and recapture mosul with the Iraqi Government and army and take the headquarters of isis. I think you need to deal with the powers around. Lets say you could get people together. The russians together and rose come to geneva. But in a private environment and say what do you want . Whats your price . Heres iran, russia, the kurds, turkey. Rose and saudi. And arab. We all have grievances we want something. Saudis want iran to stop pressuring them in yemen. I know what turkey want. Turkey want the kurdish issue not to be a threat. I know what russia wants. Russia want to show its good to its friends. Rose and a power to be reckoned with. And iran want to know it has Close Friends in the regim rose in the gulf world it is prepared to be as strong as saudi arabia is. As long as you know what all the different players want and everybody has their hand in the pot rose what do you think the chances are of retaking mosul before then of the Obama Administration . Thats less than a year. Mosul possibly and i heard theres a hope if you take mosul you dont need to take raqua and if you take mosul raqua you dont need. Rose you predicted the biggest stories of 2016 in my hand on nbc january 1. One, rise of the far right. Part is fueled by the migration crisis. Most is fueled by the migration crisis. Rose you have been covering that in 2016. Undoubtedly. Rose it could destabilize europe in your judgment . The middle east collapse into chaos is the natural reaction. People are running from this and running to safety which is running west and north. Two, more consensus against isis. I think thats happening. I know what all the players want. Rose what they want is not isis around. None of them. Rose more domestic terrorism. You mean back in the United States which is like paris. The more pressure there is on isis and i think isis dies eventually. This is not a group that has a winning philosophy. Rose and the money is not as it once was. But they still have enough and enough people. Its an organization that needs to keep attacking to survive. Rose the administration has signalled. All the players nipping around the conflict cant seem to arrive i think the u. S. Will get drawn more deeply. Not hundreds of thousands of troops but more. Rose they have 3500 now. And how much of the brain power of the administration . How much time is being spent thinking about this. Rose and special forces according to what i was told was Search Missions its not training and advising and spot budget missions. A few months ago they would never have admitted that publicly. A big change will come to iran. What is that . Iran is going through one of the most interesting periods of all the countries in the region iran is the most dynamic and going through the most pivotal change. I was in iran a few days ago and the Iran Nuclear Deal has been implemented and is being i a implemented. The iaea certified they did what they were supposed to do and poured concrete into a Nuclear Facility and exported the rich uranium and new the money is starting to come and the banking sanctions are starting to get loosened and people are excited. And there are tensions. There are those who think this is it. The door is opening and once the door opens theres no way everything will change. And others who have vested interest in the regime who say no, well open the door a little so we can all survive. Rose seven, a hard year for russia mainly because of economic things. Oil is down, sanctions are still on. Ukraine. And they want to prop up assad. You get political benefit. Its expensive. You want a constant war supporting rebels in ukraine its expensive. The ruble is weak. Rose the headlines from the financial times, saudi and russia agree oil halt. So theyre going to freeze the supply so the price will go up. They want to sell as much oil as they can. Those three countries have similar interests right now. The saudis were able to absorb low oil prices for a long time and now the saudis decided they cant let oil go to zero or everybody dies. Rose the next one china gets series about the environment india does not. And is warming relations with the whole idea that somehow latin america becomes more vital. The u. S. Announced it will start doing flights to cuba again and you see all the problems venezuela is having effectively in collapse and i was speculating in the u. S. Makes inroads in cuba and if they become a success that success can be contagious. Rose turkey takes center stage. Still the main pathway. The turks are starting to crackdown but its the main artery. Rose why do you think turkey could be pivotal in 2016 . I think turkey is a crossroads of so many issues. Isis fighters go in and the kurdish issue is based in turk and its a nato member state. So many issues. The russia turkey conflict. And look, you can get in a car and ive done this go to the Turkish Border, look at an isis flag, a black flag and the Turkish Border and get in why your same car and drive two and a half hours, three hours and you get to a nato base. Thats a strange situation. You can drive from a nato base and drive to isis. Rose i can do a firsthand conversation with russia and nato and the thing i think putin is driven by in part is borders. Thats what he feared about georgia and ukraine is nato coming in and being that close to the russian border. They have a long history of worrying about its borders and putin is driven by that id andhe acknowledged it. Chaos creates opportunities and opportunities people like putin dont want to miss. Theres chaos next door he sees an opportunity for expansion. There was an opportunity for turkish representation and rebuild the empire around them and theyre competing agendas. Rose the book is called and then all hell broke loose. Two decades in the middle east. Great to have you. A real pleasure. Rose thank you for joining us. See you next time. For more about the Program Visit us online on captioning sponsored by Rose Communications captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org this is nightly Business Report. With Tyler Mathisen and sue herera. Growing pain. Sales growth slows at walmart and its not going to get better any time soon. So when can investors expect the companys turnaround efforts to pay off . Hospital hacks. Medical records held hostage. And theyre worth a lot to e ople who operate in underground economy. A home all their own. Well visit a company thats turning its employees into homeowners. The third part of our series bridges the divide tonight on nightly Business Report for thursday, februa good evening. Im Sharon Epperson in for sue herera. Im Tyler Mathisen. Walmart continues to struggle. The worldsge