One thing you should not miss in hong kong is steamed milk. This is great, but my dish to you slow cooked beef tongue in a chocolatebasil sauce. Cheers. And now, bbc world news america. This is bbc world news america. Reporting from washington, i am lauratrevelyan. Reporting from washington i am babita sharma. Leaders gather to try to stop the exodus across the mediterranean. The streetsion on of kabul. Marching on the president ial palace to protest the death of Seven Members of an f that minority. [bell tolling] laura from europe to the united states, to stop and remember those who served. For many veterans, the return home comes with mixed emotions. Babita welcome to our viewers on Public Television in america and around the globe. Crisisg europes migrant is requiring actions on many fronts. Today the focus is on stemming the flow of refugees from africa. European and African Leaders are holding a 2day summit in malta to keep people from making the journey in the first place. Thousands have died trying to cross the mediterranean. From walter, clive myrie reports. Clive it is one of the biggest gatherings of World Leaders outside the u. N. General assembly. 60 nations seeking common cause on one of the most important issues of our time how to tackle mass migration from africa to europe. For david cameron, he is visiting a ship docked in malta who has helped rescue migrants all summer. This is an opportunity to win support for direct action to stem migrant flows. We need to do more to smash the criminal gangs fueling this terrible trade in people, and to break the link between hitting on a boat and getting the chance to settle in europe. African leaders, the traffickers are only part of the problem. The attitude needs to change to the idea of african migration. The problem we are facing is in part because europe, some countries in europe, have taken a fortress approach. There is no part of the world that can be a fortress. s migrants and refugees are second only in syrians in numbers trying to reach europe, so far 140,000. These somalians i met in june what are you hoping for in europe . A good education. Clive these eritreans fleeing a dictatorship want to go to europe. In malta, African Leaders will euue legal routes to the should be on offer. What will europe want in return . Certainly more than effort to stop people leaving african states in the first place. The u. N. Deputy secretary general said that the malta summit is a crucial site to see both points of view. To see each others position it is the recipe for something that we will need to live with namely in are globalized world people moving across borders. Clive as the leaders left for their hotels, the word is an agreement has been reached on a number of fronts. The malta summit could go down in history as a place where europe and africa came together and bowed to an inevitable truth, that mass migration is here to stay. Africa comes a second only to syria and the number of migrants trying to reach europe. Launcheda, russia has an air campaign that may have already altered the situation on the ground. Steve rosenberg is in bedded with Russian Forces in the takeo ofof the latakia. Steve there is one sound you hear all day and night. The Russian Air Campaign is nonstop. Today the Russian Military gave us rare access to its base. This is how they load the ammunition for airstrikes. He bomb ways 500 kilograms they told us it would be used to destroy terrorists. In another part of the base, the pilots are preparing. , readynto the cockpit for takeoff. Russia says it will be a limited operation. After sixweeks of airstrikes, there is no end in sight. They continue to wage with a call a war on international. Errorism today, the Russian Military revealed that since the start of its campaign, a russian pilots have flown more than 1700 combat nations and destroyed more than 2000 targets. Russia is being criticized by the west over some of the targets chosen and claims of civilian casualties. Base, a russian Major General said there was no evidence of civilian casualties. Russia, he said, is using precision weapons in targeting terrorists. How successfully . The town close to the base, there are concerns about security. We were taken into the center of ofakia to see the aftermath a rocket attack. 23 people were killed. I russian airbase nearby does not guarantee security. When the governor talked to us, he praised moscow. , he toldan military me, help the syrian army regained territory. And despite the rocket attack, was helping to fight terrorism. Now that fight is mainly from the air. Russia concedes that only international talks can Bring International peace to the power of diplomacy. For now, it is russian air powered making itself felt. Steve rosenberg, bbc news. In afghanistan, president ial guards opened fire to Disperse Protesters marching outside the palace compound in kabul. Demonstrators denounced the recent abductions and killings of several members of the hazara minority group. The president ghani appeared on television alleging to avenge the deaths believed to have been carried out by islamic militants. I am joined by a former state Department Official that is now the dean of the John Hopkins School of thought and international studies. Thousands on the street of kabul, a show of unity in the face of the killings. What is your assessment . The afghans are familiar with sectarian killings. In 1995 many were not secured because they were shiite. For many years they did not face this kind of sick arian this kind of sectarian tensions. Weis a kind of reaction that have not seen in syria and iraq went isis did the same thing with the beheading of she has. Of shiites. It is a positive reaction that they are trying to deny isis the ability to divide the country along sectarian lines. I think the afghans can see that violent and of a dangerous version of the insurgency that the taliban has been waging. In kabul, people are keen to protect the gains of the past decade, the economy and social freedom they have had. This killing of people for their ethnicity does not appeal to their political unhappiness that they may have about the government or the u. S. Presence. Babita nevertheless, there were people in the streets. We are looking at veterans day. President obama wanting out of afghanistan by 2017, we now know that wont happen. To what end with a military operations be successful . Can bent think we hopeful. Afghanistan has an insurgency that will never finish. That was never finished. There is never a peace treaty, they are still fighting. Now you have a new phenomenon in the form of isis. One insurgency is that a sizing into 2 insurgencies. We are dealing with 2 insurgencies. We could be dealing with 2 insurgencies. It is difficult to see how the rich visual force would combine with the Afghan Forces and successfully push back this kind of attack. Things could fall apart more quickly and more drastically, and we dont want that either. At least our presence may provide time that could allow other solutions to be found or the Afghan Security forces to be beefed up. We cannot abandon everything we have built and fought for, and so Many Americans and europeans died for so quickly. At least the Afghan People and ourselves are trying to protect, the best we can, the gains we have made. Days to go into the first votes are cast in iowa. The republican president ial candidates were busy last night trying to prove they would be the best pick for the country. Focused on economic issues, but Foreign Policy and immigration were also points. Setting fortrical the political fault of no of the republican debate. Donald trump for the political vaudeville of the republican debate. Donald trump center stage for his policy on immigration from mexico. We will build a wall. If you think walls dont work on the ask israel. Walls work, properly done, believe me. Nick it was the billionaires to deport an estimated 12 Million People living in america. John kasich ought to tear down. We know you cannot pick them up and ship them back across the order. It is a silly argument. Nick Carly Fiorina try to make a point and trump cut her down. Why did she keep interacting everybody . Nick seen by some as a sexist fromown it brought boos sections of the audience. Foreign policy provided another flashpoint. How to deal with russian president putins intervention in syria. If he wants to go knock the hell out of isis i am 100 for it. His strongestn performance oh far, argue that that was a simplistic approach. Donald is wrong. We wont be the worlds policeman but we should be the worlds leader. There is a huge difference. Without us leading, voids are filled. The idea that it is a good idea that putin is good in syria, but isis take out a solid and putin , that is like playing monopoly. That is not how the world works. Nick marco rubio delivered a strong performance. We havet know why stigmatized vocational education. Welders make more money than philosophers. We need more welders and less philosophers. Nick he may not be a philosopher came, but he is looking more like a republican prince. Some suffers stage fright. There are shades of that with jeb bush. Others grow in stature and authority. That is what is happening with marco rubio. He is fast becoming the favorite son of the gop establishment. Polls still show that outsiders like donald trump and then carson, are energizing the republican debate. Bbc news, milwaukee. Babita Vladimir Putin says russia must conduct its own allegation into allegations of doping enough x. He spoke for the First Time Since the World Antidoping Agency revealed what it is program of cheating in russian athletics. You are watching bbc world news america. Re l to come, why some returning veterans are wary of being called a hero. A special report. Nigeria finally has a new government. More than seven months after Mohammed Bihari was elected the president. Ministries have been cut and the president retains control of the oil portfolio. He has promised to clean corruption and end and Islamist Insurgency in the north. Wait, butbeen a long finally nigeria has a cabinet. These ministers are under pressure to perform. President bihari will be watching their every move. He has personally vetted them to try to ensure a clean government. I believe all nigerians will keep hope alive about the future. Tackling corruption is only one of the many challenges that president bihari faces. He has to fix a flagging economy and and the boko haram rom insurgency. His biggest problem will be managing the skyhigh expectations that he is the man to transform this country. So far, he has been given the benefit of the doubt. The ambition to take this and as to a good level, we can see he is making good steps. So far, so good. He has just been appointed five months ago. So far, so good. I believe he is working toward the right direction, trying to take things slowly. Hasresident bihari appointed his team, he must now deliver or he will disappoint. Babita today, across europe millions stop to mark Armistice Day and remember those who died in combat. In the u. S. , it is veterans day. A chance to honor the men and women who have served in the armed forces. Present. To mark the occasion, president obama laid a wreath at the Arlington National cemetery, the most venerated National Military ground. While millions are paying tribute to those who have served, there is growing unease among some veterans about use of the term hero. David botti explores why. I had. We knew each other for eight or 10 years. One evening, the wives were talking and realized their husbands were both marines in vietnam. That was the atmosphere then. You never said or talked about being in the vietnam war. Do that anymore, the pendulum may have swung too far. Now everyone is a hero instead of a villain, that is not true either. Over the past few years veterans are pushing back over being called heroes. They worry that the word is devalued, taking away from real heroes and of securing real issues. Many veterans ball at the term hero and push back saying no, i was just doing my job. It is important that we make those conversations messy, complicated, and nuanced. Thats what people are. David last year there is a survey of veterans from iraq and afghanistan. 42 said they did not think civilian respect for the military was genuine. 70 said they felt misunderstood. The same number felt appreciated. That is what makes this complex. History shows that david congressman seth moulton is the congressman for massachusetts. He was decorated for combat. Do people call you a hero . Some do, but it makes me uncomfortable. I think a lot of americans who do not have a real connection to the troops are looking for something to grasp onto and celebrate. Frankly, we dont need that as veterans. We dont need parades and celebrations. We need people who give us an opportunity when we come home. David any veterans worry they are being pushed into two categories. The hero or the battle scarred victor. Early on there was a particular type of guy i kept meeting. When he found out i was in the marine car theyve the marine corps they would ask if i shot big guns and if i killed someone from far away. Would want the exciting and aggressive stories. At 1. I realized that kind of expectation had shifted. What i was getting in new york more often was people assuming i was broken. It is many veterans say up to them to correct misconceptions. A over time, it will be problem in america is fewer people actually serve. Therefore, a greater number of americans have no connection, a real connection, a deep understanding of what servicemen and women do. If use right, veterans will have a big job to do. As their numbers get smaller, voices will have to get louder. David botti, bbc news, washington. A generalspoke with who was formally the chairman of staff, thehiefs of highestranking officer in the u. S. Military. Think you for joining us. What does veterans day mean to you . Time to recognize the service and sacrifice of all of those who have borne their countrys uniform. In the u. S. And in britain as well. It started as Armistice Day and now it is veterans day. A time to recognize the servicemen and women who raised the right hand and accepted what general hackett served unlimited liability what general hackett said was unlimited liability and the service of their nation. Babita in that report, they said that veterans feel that they are appreciated, but also misunderstood. You understand that . Is that how you felt . When i came back from vietnam it was a different situation. When i landed in the u. S. , they told me to take off my uniform or you will be harassed. It is different, because people peoplell genuinely care and respect those who served in the military. Misunderstood because there are 90 who do serve and less than 1 who do. Are 90 to do not serve and less than 1 who do. Babita the disconnect between them and us a very dangerous disconnect, the them and us. That has been worried about going back a long time. As the military becomes a smaller part of the population, you can become isolated. In a democracy, that is one of the worst things that can happen. It will take up a lot of conversation by our Political Leadership and military leadership, lyrical appointees, secretaries of defense, and so forth to tell the story of people who serve. We are an all volunteer force. Were not going from society as a whole, but from a small piece of society. Babita why dont you think that dialogue has happened yet . I think it has. I think one thing we are suffering is that we have been at war or a long time and that exacerbates what we are seeing in terms of how people feel about how they are appreciated or understood. You sent troops to battle in your time. They have returned home and told you their experiences. In 2015 you continue to have people that have served. What do they tell you about the hardest challenge coming back . A military veterans transitioning out of activeduty duty and going on to something else, they want opportunity to be included in the city where they left. To find meaningful work. As meaningful as may be their military service. Babita what is the most important thing you want people to remember on veterans day . Unlimitedion of liability that general john hackett coined. When they don their uniform it is a noble cause. It is about a noble cause. They may be asked to show great courage. It is about that. To thank people for their service and the relatives service. A lot of people are proud of their mother, father, brothers, sisters, people that did not come home. It is time to say thank you. Babita thank you for taking the time to talk with us. Beingns and Armistice Day marked around the world. Plenty on the bbc website. You can get in touch with myself and the team on twitter. From all of us, thank you for watching. Tune in tomorrow, we will see you then. Goodbye. Make sense of International News at bbc. Com news. Funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation, newmans own Foundation Giving all profits from newmans own to charity and pursuing the common good, Kovler Foundation pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs, and the hong kong tourism board. Im going to take you on a culinary journey to consume a whole cow. Look at all these beef dishes. I love eating like this. One thing you should not miss in hong kong is steamed milk. This is great, but my dish to you slow cooked beef tongue in a chocolatebasil sauce. Cheers. Bbc world news was presented by captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc ifill good evening. Im gwen ifill. Woodruff and im judy woodruff. Ifill on the newshour tonight, the immigration divide. Republican president ial candidates debate what they would do, and they dont always agree. Woodruff also ahead this wednesday, another hit for the companies behind fantasy sports. New york state bans what it calls illegal gambling. Ifill and we travel to the country of georgia, to stand at the crossroads of human history. Were standing on one of the oldest boneyards in the world. Dmanisi, in particular, is 1. 8 million years old. Woodruff all that and more on tonights pbs newshour