Business was a private case against her saying that she was involved with libeling him in a article back in 2012 now this case has come about 5 years after that and now today the 1st of the witnesses are being presented in that court room that I spoke to the prosecution just before the case started and they said that there has been no political influence on this case so Korea says it fired warning shots at a Russian military aircraft after it violated the country's airspace of its east coast an official allege that the Russian plane breach South Korean airspace twice prompting the Air Force to scramble fighter jets and open fire the official said it was the 1st time a Russian plane advice South Korean ears peace and the military was investigating b.b.c. News. Lawyers for a man who sent pipe bombs to prominent opponents of Donald Trump says he was inspired by the president's rhetoric his arse a ox has admitted posting the devices to Democrats the liberties and media figures who had expressed opposition to Mr Trump his lawyers told a federal court Mr c.l. Was cognitively limited and mentally ill they said that while a rational observer might have dismissed the president's tweet as hyperbole their client to them to heart. Police in Sydney ever arrested a man accused of carrying $140000000.00 worth of drugs after he crashed into police cars when the man was pulled over hundreds of kilos of crystal meth was found in his van from Sydney Here's how Griffith eats one of the largest and probably easiest drug bust Sydney's police officers have ever made outside a station in the city's north west a small white van crashed into parked squad cars when it was later pulled over they discovered 273 kilograms of the drug methamphetamine packed into boxes inside the driver was arrested and is due to appear in court charged with supplying drugs and negligent driving a leading figure in the New Orleans music scene art naval who was a founding member of both the meters and the never brothers died he was 81 he shot to fame in the age of 17 as the voice of the classic carnival hit by the whole kit Mardi Gras mambo. Sound. Our. Art never recorded a string of r. And b. Songs and later with the meters 200 with the Rolling Stones. B.b.c. News. Thanks You're listening to the newsroom from the b.b.c. World Service with the last several years now the number of illegal migrants waiting to have their cases heard in the United States has risen inexorably hundreds of thousands of waiting to find out whether they'll be able to stay in the United States now Donald Trump has decided to take drastic action he's going to bypass the courts and he I spoke to Peter both North America correspondent about what that means in practice Well this is a very significant widening of the next previously only those immigrants who were detained within 160 kilometers of the border or had been in the country 2 weeks or less could be deported quickly that's without appearing before an immigration judge no mostly applied to those of course arrested right along the border with Mexico now they could be arrested anywhere in the u.s. These are people who don't have an asylum case pending they will be deported if they can't prove to the authorities that they've been in the country for at least 2 years and for many of them providing not prove could be very difficult Absolutely and how many people is this going to affect it could apply to up to 3 100000 which is quite a significant slice of the approximately 11000000 undocumented immigrants in this country Department of Homeland Security says expedited removal will allow it more efficiently to pursue large numbers of people who are in the country illegally and officials have also said and this is key to this issue they've also said that the policy will free up detention space and ease pressure on the immigration courts they've got a huge backlog of cases some 900000 it's often that process of getting before a judge that slows things down considerably so that's the government's point of view but there's already been a lot of reaction from immigration lawyers civil liberties organizations and yeah I'm very reaction this is quite a dramatic toughening up of the policy and the American Civil Liberties Union the a.c.l.u. . It has been a major thorn in the side of the administration in terms of immigration policy for some time they are vowing to sue to challenge this in the courts a spokesman for the immigrants rights project said the plan was unlawful immigrants who have lived in the u.s. For for many years will be deported with less Jew process than people with a simple traffic violation and there are real fears that this policy will create considerable chaos fear in immigrant communities it's even been suggested that some u.s. Citizens could be removed by error simply because the process doesn't involve going before a judge that was Peter Beauce Let's go to Puerto Rico now because police there have moved in to disperse protests. You can hear offices there saying that the demonstration which had once again drawn hundreds of thousands of people onto the streets of the capital San Why was now illegal then went on to find tear gas into the crowd it was one of the largest protests in the u.s. Territories history calling for the governor the card or say your to resign and they began after leaked messages from Mr Ross seo show that he used homophobic and me such a mystic language now these protestors saying apology from the governor and offered by him to stand down next year is not enough. That I think the demonstration makes very clear that the people have had enough of the government stealing from us the situation keeps getting worse the people must be respected this is even a home for all of what I decided to come to be with the Packman thing the government in the cabinet of made fun of the gay community of women with and the disabled the corruption we're all sick as a corruption Well a lot of people are still angry about how the government handled the aftermath of Harken Maria 2 years ago. Bloomberg correspondent in San Juan he tell me more about the scale of the latest protests easily I would say the biggest that the country has seen I mean last Wednesday you had a protest that was it holds on more on that the government itself measured at one 100000 this is an island of about $3500000.00 people so that's pretty significant in today's protest was just as big and I would say the mood is it's interesting this part that part of it somewhat you but somewhat happy feeling of a collective catharsis there's lots of noise lots of color but there isn't a lot of real anger at the governor and a lot of the you know desire that he needs to go now in the speech he gave us Sunday evening you know that might have worked weeks ago but the people have gotten so angry and are so keen to get rid of him I mean it was it was way too little too late and this is this anger as you describe has been building for years hasn't really you know after a series of scandals with regards to corruption within his administration you know I mean I would say really when things started to kind of go downhill it was then and there was the treasury secretary went on a radio show here the treasury secretary from Puerto Rico would never do so here and said that he was cooperating with an f the f.b.i. Investigation of corruption in his department and that he had been threatened by what he called institutional mafia and had requested police protection and was a 0 responded by firing him. And that led to this back and forth publicly between this guy Maldonado's kid and Salem and then the former secretary of education and another government official were arrested for corruption and that all came before these chats these telegram chats in resale and his is kind of you know his Qadri of political advisors and some officials were leaked which we were pretty shocking and read a lot of them and Michael from the from way your standing right now it seems that tends to seem to sense that he's given way to a certain extent but that's not enough and you see him being. To come back from this no I think I think the tenure of governor will sail is finished and I think it's just a question of in what manner he goes whether you know on his own accord or whether he's impeached by the Congress here or whether something worse happens I mean the 6000 member police organization warned that the country was poised on a potential precipice of violence and were warning against it and then asked him to step down so they 'd joined a lot of different sectors of society at the bishops asked him to step down everyone from kind of socialist to conservative businessman I mean I can't really think of a secular society who support he does have at this point that was Michael Deaver from. The trial of a high profile journalist who's reported extensively on President deter and drugs boy in the Philippines is the gun his trial in the capital Manila Maria Ressa the editor of the online news website Iraq plays charged with cyber libel on the line from Manila is our correspondent Howard Johnson how would I mention this woman is a very high profile former Time magazine person of the year what more details going to give about the charges against her. You know this is a criminal case this side the libel charge it goes back to 2012 when Rappler 1st published an article about Wolf raid Kang he's a Filipino businessman he believes that he had been wronged in the article that they allege that he was involved with the illegal drug trade and human trafficking also they had ties with the Supreme Court chief justice at the time and he brought about this case in 2017 so 5 years after the actual article was published now say that this is politically motivated they think that the government is behind it because they have lots of other charges against them they've been 11 cases in total against Rappler Other examples include they've been charged with Securities Exchange Commission's problems that they have been controlled by American finance they've been charged with and also that they've been evading taxes so this is just the latest in a number of cases and they say they're politically motivated because of their reporting on the drug war and it's not only Rappler that says that this is politically motivated is it. No Human Rights Watch have come out and said that this is a politically motivated situation that this is a way of trying to silence journalists from doing their work in this country President the 30 has come out on numerous occasions to attack critics of his government and we've also seen in the u.k. That a press freedom Dr saw Clooney say that she the wife of the actor Hollywood actor George Clooney and also the preeminent human rights lawyer she said that she will be representing Maria Ressa on the international level in this case and at the moment we haven't seen her in the Philippines but she will be advising a team of international lawyers to help Maria Ressa fight this case Howard Johnson and many many thanks for that and Fiona is here with some other stories from unused to us Britain will learn who its next prime minister will be later today the result of the Conservative Party leadership contest are due to be unknowns with the former foreign secretary Boris Johnson widely expected to be the current foreign secretary Jeremy Hunt several ministers have said they resign if Mr Johnson is selected others say they won't support his pledge to go for a new deal Brix it if a new agreement with the European Union can't be reached in a few hours Spain's parliament will vote on whether to mean pederast Sanchez as the country's new prime minister at the head of a new socialist government if successful it will end months of political wrangling since the general election in April parliament has been debating whether to install a minority administration led by his Socialist Party possibly with support from the hard left put the most party. India has denied that Prime Minister Narendra Modi asked u.s. President Donald Trump to mediate in the longstanding Kashmir conflict with Pakistan the Indian Foreign Ministry said no such requests have been made Mr Trump's cleanly had been asked him if he hosted Pakistan's prime minister in Iran can at the White House thanks over the past 15 years deaths from malaria have roughly half across the world but over the same period a worrying trend is also just the parasites the cause the disease have become increasingly resistant to the drugs used to combat them and now research is in the u.k. In Thailand to found that a multi drug resistant form of the parasite is spreading throughout Southeast Asia Dr Roberto Alomar of the welcome Sanger Institute told me more about the research. Well we found that resistance to the 1st line treatment here using many part in the ward in particular in Southeast Asia has been spreading widely is starting combo Yeah we found that it at the beginning before 2011 the prevalence of the specific strain a motorist the sense Fossett of malaria was below 30 percent and then fast forward a few years later 2016. It spread to neighboring countries to the how. Be numb where this train is replacing the local of relation and this now in many places other than the Lao it's basically private and more than 50 percent so when you talk about multi-drug resistant you're talking about a strain of malaria that is resistant to to all drugs so if somebody contracts this they can't really struggle to be treated. That's correct so this is the strain that it is resistant to the 1st line treatment which is actually a commission of 2 drugs one is called after missing and that one is called people that are clean and the strain is resistant to both so when both drugs are failing you get complete treatment failure there are the other things we could do we could treat with different drugs there are very few other option available but there are still some Sometimes we say that knowledge is a global problem that requires local solutions the important bit is whatever intervention is the quickness this is the context we need to keep monitoring and see how the para safeties reacting to that we can relieve the not reactive ward where this isn't the message and then we panic and we decide what to do next when instantly in a more proactive ward where you know we take decision that are based on the now my understanding is that this multi drug resistance hasn't spread to Africa gate and that's the fear isn't it if and when it does a lot of the health care services. They're less capable of dealing with multi-drug resistance Yeah that's the fear that's what we all fear that operating in the past is fair to say that it was a different there were difference of consensus it doesn't mean you want happen again we conned really say that I think ways important ways to make sure that we prevent the spread we catch the the these parasites before he gets there because then he might be too late and was not taught about a motto of the welcome sign Institute is coming up to 420 g.m.t. . And now to Venezuela which has been hit by another massive power cat is believed that all of the countries 23 states have been affected the country's information minister Jorge Rodriguez blamed the latest blackout on sabotaging the Parliament today of course the 5 in the afternoon there was a nationwide interruption to the supply of electricity the 1st indications appear to show that it was caused by an electromagnetic attack with the purpose of disrupting the hydroelectric power system fortunately and following the devious attacks of March and April this year the government has now put in place measures that mean we have already started the process of reconnection to restore the electricity supply and soon as possible are America's regional editor Leonard or Russia tell me more about the impact of this latest power all 23 Venezuelan states have been affected so the on the ground lines in Caracas were suspended there was chaos in public transport hospitals have also been disrupted and basically Caracas in many other cities across from as well are in the dark Unfortunately for them as well as that's not something new for them they've been sporadic blackouts you know for years now but northing as big as the March blackout lasted for about a week and led to shortages in food rotting in everywhere and riots and there's a fear that we could be experiencing the same thing now now we heard there what the government thinks lies behind this latest blackout What's the opposition saying the opposition leader one guy door said that enough is enough he said look the government through negligence and corruption has destroyed the electoral system this socialist government they've tried to disguise the problems since March with. Rationing like limiting here and there cutting power in small bits in different parts of the country but now they couldn't hide it anymore so what Mr Guy thought said is that on Own choose the later on Tuesday all Venezuelans people who could should join him in protest in Caracas his marking 6 months since his self declared president of the of an Israel and he's saying we can't accept this anymore. Russia 6 men have been arrested in Hong Kong following Sunday night's attacks on anti-government protesters at a train station in the northern town of you on long 45 people were injured when around about 100 men all dressed in white t. Shirts set up on them with wooden sticks and metal rods there's been speculation that they have takis have links with criminal gangs known as triads our reporter Laura Westbrook has been looking into the story police said that 6 men have been arrested for unlawful assembly there were aged between $24.54 The police have also said they're expecting more raids and more arrests in the coming days there's been a lot of criticism on the police on their response time people said they were too slow to respond there were no arrests at the time as well and looking at the video what really strikes you is just how Brousseau this attack was one of the pro-democracy lawmakers who was there he got 18 stitches and he says that because of the level of organization and sophistication of the attack he believed that there were links to organized crime and some of the men who were arrested did have alleged triads which is the word for people in Hong Kong used for the Chinese mafia and had alleged ties to the Chinese mafia so that does seem to be backed up by police and members of triads tribe gangs have been involved in these kind of incidents in the past there have been allegations lie. Like this before so back in 2014 which was the umbrella movement in a district called Monk aka group of men attacked protesters back then they were allowed ledge links to the triads as well as some people said mainland China and 1000 people were arrested back then with ties to the Mafia and there were allegations of collusion between the police and these men who attacked protesters that's also happened this time as well so one picture that I've seen shed more than a 1000 times in social media is to men and whites mosques talking to the police they're carrying sticks and the police let them go and the police did not make any arrests that nice and they said that they didn't see anyone with weapons so this kind of image really isn't going to do anything to rebuild trust between protesters and police which really is that odd all time low and one thing that a lot of people are also focusing on is the ties between people who support the government supporting this violence so one video that I saw as a pro Beijing lawmaker and he is shaking hands with some of these men wearing white on the nice if this violence and that is really being shared online and people are talking about that because that looks like there has been maybe some potential support either in direct plea for this level of violence and that really isn't going to do anything for the city which is more polarized than it's ever been before. Wedding complete with photos and videos something you can look back on after the past but in one part of South India young couples are increasingly looking to create videos and pictures which will go viral on social media spending a full day much longer than their wedding ceremony itself trying to create the perfect shoot as the B.B.C.'s George is being funny. But I don't buy brand I've travelled to. A charming little. It's late afternoon and it's a humid one. In front of me is a photographer and his team of 10 assistance some are holding lights some are set in cameras at different angles there's one who's climbing up a ladder in the middle of a small pond it looks like a photo shoot but the actors are yet to arrive. And here they are the bride and groom she is dressed in a red Saudi with a gold blouse lots of jewelry big airings Bangles necklace and rings he is wearing a black silk shirt and a song like clothing for men. And I now. Actually. This is something different. Something. But we need to do something different that should be unique. To them. That I don't think it's 15 days on from their wedding that was a simple Hindu ceremony which lasted just 15 minutes but this wedding shoot will last all day. In the middle of a pond lying in what is known as. The chambre a vessel traditionally used for cooking in temples there are a lot of flowers all around them this fake rain pouring on them from a water pipe high above the idea is to create romantic pictures and videos of a newly married couple getting intimate in the rain in a. Video shoot. This is a. Lot of time and just. Well the directors just told me this. To go. To hold hands it must be exhausting but they have $1500.00 for this marathon shoot. And I have dried off we're looking back on the day. I want to share it I would have aired on social media and so excited and excited to see this. I want to share it a little bit on social media. Talking about it and I'm really excited. To you you've been listening to the newsroom from the b.b.c. World Service with us before we go a reminder of the. Trumpet ministration is introducing an expanded force trying to deport illegal immigrants by passing. Thanks. Distribution of the b.b.c. World Service of the us is made possible by American Public Media producer and distributor of award winning public radio contact a.p.m. American Public Media with support from Babble a language learning app crafted by language specialists and voiced by native speakers using speech recognition technology battles daily 10 to 15 minute lessons are available online at Babel be a b b l dot com. Support for k.q.e.d. Comes from half price books dedicated to keeping books in circulation h p b s 3 San Francisco area locations except previously enjoyed movies and games more about how it works and each p.b. Dot com and college futures foundation more graduates for a thriving California learn more at college futures dot au or Jeannie this is k.q.e.d. Public Radio. Sports teams we support say something about who we are our identities are bound up with the men and women who play for our side and we experience their success and failure as if it were our own but as supporting your team is so important how can there be so many people who think these contests are of little consequence I'm Sandra Council and in this week's one factor on the b.b.c. World Service Why do we care so much about a game joining me after the news. B.b.c. News if you own a McDonald's The Trump administration says it's introducing a fast track proof says to deport illegal immigrants that bypasses immigration judges from today anyone who has been in the u.s. For less than 2 years can be deported rapidly the American Civil Liberties Union says it will challenge the rule in court. South Korea says it fired warning shots at a Russian military aircraft after it violated the country's airspace off its east coast the Korean defense ministry says its airforce scrambled fighter jets and opened fire on the Russian bomber lawyers for a man who sent pipe bombs to prominent opponents of Donald Trump says he was inspired by the president's rhetoric says r.c. Orks lawyers told a federal court he was mentally ill and that while a rational observer might have dismissed the president's tweeters hyperbole their client to them to heart in the Philippines the libel trial of the journalist Maria Ressa has begun the head of the new of the online news site Rappler is being sued by a businessman over one of its reports alleging that he had close ties to a judge supporter see she's being targeted for criticizing President run 3 go to charity. Researchers say malaria parasites are resistant to key drugs are spread rapidly in Southeast Asia those searches see the findings raise the terrifying prospect of drug resistant spreading to Africa police in Australia have arrested a man accused of carrying more than $100000000.00 worth of drugs after he crashed his van outside a police station a quarter of a ton of crystal meth was found in the back of the vehicle. A leading figure in the New Orleans music scene art never has died at the age of 81 a singer and keyboard player he was a founding member of both the meters and the Neville Brothers the artist who became known to many fans as papa funk announced his retirement in December b.b.c. News. San Francisco. I did. In late June America's most famous baseball teams to London to share the delights of its national pastime with the wider world. The teams have a long and acrimonious history but some very loyal supporters. Of the Red Sox so important to you. So it's. You care a lot about these teams forces the Red Sox Yankees he grew up with you know when you're a kid you grow up and. You. Get older what you say to people who sell you that it's a game it's only a game seriously. It's never only a game. Certain games excite special kinds of passion the ability to identify with the players they're skilled gifted but they're human and we can identify with their triumphs and with their defeats with their victory and their desperate moments I think that to be human emotion that draws in to the drama of the sport. This is the watch on the b.b.c. World Service I'm Sandra Council. In this week's program what do you play a sport or watch anxiously from the sidelines screaming. Why do we get so passionate about the outcome of the game. If you follow. The trouble. Despairing we might say the knowledge your team is playing on Saturday and you really want to know whether they're going to win or not is part of what keeps us going it is an important interest and I think it should be. Sports writer Matthew Engle knows the rules and rivalries on both the baseball diamond and the cricket pitch he's been the editor of The Wisdom cricket Allman act that sports statistical Bible and he's lived in America so he has a favorite baseball team too but that's a more lonely loyalty I live in Davis Nagel and near the border with a while on my baseball team for complicated reasons it doesn't Louise God knows not man am I the president of the Hereford share assimilates God knows Supporters Association I am the only member. George Bernard Shaw is credited with observing that Britain and America are 2 countries separated by a common language they're also divided by these games with a ball and a bat the sports are obviously genetically related many generations ago however they are very long last 2 and. Both games revolve around a duel between someone who throws a ball and someone who hits it but it goes much deeper than that but quite interesting because due at the center stage if the theatre of the school is much more like a sort of Wolf a situation than a hunting situation goal orientated games like basketball or football rugby they're about aiming for one big target like if we were hunting down willy ma'am. Dr Martin Newson is a cognitive anthropologist at Oxford University her research has shown that intense emotions can bind fans closer together. This explains why we feel each other's pain when our team blows. In the final seconds why strangers hug each other in the street when victory is snatched from the jaws of defeat. These potent experiences can shape our sense of self and fuse our identities to our tribes often for life in this case our tribe is our team which goes some way to explaining why we care so much about the outcome of something non sports fans would describe as in consequential. It might appear to be inconsequential game but it doesn't feel like it seems that taps into much more 8 chintz ways of connecting with our groups and with ourselves so although losing a football match or a baseball game doesn't effects your genes your success it's akin to being in a war fan or a big game hunting situation which is highly dangerous highly competitive and in our ancestral past would have had a very rare impact on our genes our survival and when we get excited or despondent over our teams and how they've performed are we thinking as an individual or are we thinking as part of a group when we experience watching winning or losing it's a vicarious win and for some people who really associate with that group the 2 cycle just the cool cool thing or. So would be basking in the reflected glory of your great success and that means they lap up all the praise and all that good feeling of having won them more likely to say oh we just won this game rather than the team hands they start to use this week for now much more so they take on all the benefits of the group success they didn't maybe acting in the south the opposite is coughing cutting off reflected fairly when the team loses and they cast off any of that failure might reflect back to them they distance themselves. And you see that quite often there are some people here are just identifying with the Greek that here actually fused to the Greek their identity is seldom asked in the sense of group identity they can never switch from the are all those people we don't expect them to cut affective Fadia they speak will go down with the ship. While the Americans came to London to play baseball cricket fans were also gathering around the u.k. To cheer on their national teams in their World Cup competition like this group of very passionate Pakistan supporters. I mean I was a just back from Birmingham I'm known as the shake of Pakistan to go to every match just like there and I do yes I do yes it's something that we've grown up with when I was a kid my father was a passionate fan of my exams at the age of 40 going to a 1st pretty much and ever since then I've enjoyed cricket and seldom next year it is another extraordinary dressed man yeah I am the cricket dictator of what my friend had chicken pox on the packs of water boys and we're always here to support Pakistan what's your religion it's my name's massacre and you come to every much stress like this I did I wake up like this and the fans seem to like it my cousin who you on the backs against the tracks you can't describe what that is because I am at a loss for words poncho made some Raj green or white colors or about the green of my colors and restoring our 2 through 3 really lose or draw I have to say your face is to your tone your beard is Tito and you've got wearing a Mexican flag for reasons I don't understand and I'm very very sparingly Pakistan flag Concho where you're from. And you travel to other games just like this this image every single game I was trying to travel all over the world will try and go together we'll try to make sure we're back in the team no matter what happens is more than just a game it's the way not I think. It's our life is that we really enjoy doing seeking permission of our wives. The difficult part but then once you get really good you British are going to wear off and it's not the stopping us. It was. It's almost why it's Bonnie it's more than just. It's a candy of national pride. A. Nation honor is a professor at the University of Pittsburgh in the us and has taught at the Indian Institute of Management her research focuses on organizational behavior and she's written about how identity theory can help explain the Indian obsession with cricket a country divided by caste religion and language but united by 11 men on the pitch . This is especially true when considering the Indian diaspora when India played its arch rival Pakistan in the Cricket World Cup last month it was estimated that the match was followed by over a 1000000000 people worldwide. When India is playing it doesn't matter whether you want to create you know where though you are in the diaspora if you are an Indian cricket fan you're automatically and in a group member the common enemy of the team you're playing against in the Sunday it comes on whenever the video games from his son that runs out of one of nationalist . Blunders if you listen to some points given that India is a multi-day are a mighty nation and it carries with it a horse to fight and it is a miss one of these differences the Indian identity gets more heightened at that point but the good of cricket does not require separate language and says The common thing good that cricket allows for and the presence of clearly defined and identifiable group allows the in-group member one to much more strongly to get answers by identifying with the team that's perceived to be a surprise think that one also want by association is able to everywhere at once or a sense of self when you look at a person's allegiance with a team whether that's football or cricket or rugby or whatever often you have to look to that through a whole life many many supporters they're down to their own codes on the ground and 1st introduce them to that specific thing quite often they said create a sense of fun seeing I'm not here with a fine even when they lose 6 nil I'm still when he can see them next week because they're mighty. Dr Alan Pringle trained as a mental health nurse and now teaches at the School of Health Sciences at the University of Nottingham in the u.k. And some of the early research we were talking to a lot he was one to turn a man who is a very small team in a very small mining town in the middle of England but never really been reached in the creek and he was saying you know when I was a kid I went to Montreal when every teenager I went to Mansfield when I was married a woman seemed to when I was divorced 20 months he would put his money to get away when I was divorced again when. 2 months he would and the only thing that was consistent in his whole life was this team. So to be a passionate fan of a team that's quite special to someone in that think there's a shared language which is really very useful and if you can try to talk to grandson the pain what it's like to be there in the mines all the time son trying to tell the trend of at least his computer game there's often not a great deal if he had language to that when you actually get people talking about football cricket sport whatever as long as it's the same sport of course shared language to a shared set of ideas and not something to really release when you're actually bringing people together and disc if you know to actually be part of a history that began before you were born who will probably continue long after you die but what happens when that history takes an unsportsmanlike turn. Like when our teams let us down not by news ing but by cheating scandals teach us about what a society cares about. Professor Michael Sandel is a political philosopher based at Harvard which is in Boston which means he's a committed Red Sox fan. So much so that he travel to London to watch the series against their dreaded rivals the New York Yankees. But it's a scandal in another part of the world which illustrates his point I was in Australia last year when there was a cricket scandal a player who used sand paper to deface the ball and it turns out that it was coordinated with the team it wasn't just the one player who had done it now I don't know much about cricket but by the time I arrived in Australia people wanted to talk about nothing else they wanted to know about the acts of scuffing the ball in cricket and about the notion of fairness in the way in which cricket stands for fairness the Intel country was seized with this the prime minister made a statement about it the national headlines were consumed with it so it really drove home to me the way. In which a scandal as this was expresses the values that the society cares about in this case the connection between cricket and fairness so what would you say to someone he said but it's only a game. It never is only a game and that line of consolation that people give usually those who have lost the game in moments of disappointment and despair but I'm not sure it's the best form of consolation I think the better consolation as we know it's more than a game otherwise you wouldn't care so deeply about it part of the human drama of sports is that disappointment and defeat are woven in to sports and so what we learn by playing them from a very young age is how to live with loss with failure with disappointment how to bear them and come back to play tomorrow. A useful lesson as it turned out because the Red Sox were beaten comprehensively by the Yankees in London twice I but maybe that's because both teams were playing away from their home turf and couldn't perform the sometimes sacred rituals which take place before a match because sports enthusiasts of all kinds are superstitious lot. And so interesting how ritual becomes essential to the life of sports fans Dr Martha Newson of Oxford University again. Found so often have these crazy kind of rituals and I say crazy because they completely to highlight it wearing lucky on the pants is a really popular one. And it's really I think about gaining control over something that you really have no control. So it's a strange strange thing in. Trying to influence here because they are quite bizarre . The one that springs to mind was for me is when he said Oh yeah I was to a plastic spoon from McDonald's in my pocket who are seeing for me as well and sincerely I was going to get him one day and printing that was much better than it was I mean we don't and it actually put spit in my pocket. Some pics came just spit in my pocket anyway I mean when I was well and suddenly he came to this happen as if he came to be my anxiety Ok so he said to one who can possibly make any difference I'm told that you put your book The result isn't I know it doesn't but if I don't do it and we lose a few pounds because of a dollar and we lose I know I did my bit and it was muffled. Many baseball players freshly when they hit a home run crossing the home plate Well Point skyward heavenward sometimes that means there are people of faith who are thanking God for the home run but it's become a kind of gesture that carries meaning even for those who may not be thanking God for the home run but it's a kind of recognition perhaps that for all the effort in striving involved in sport greater forces seem always to be consorting with the drive to succeed and I think sports gives us a sense of forces larger than one so. When the men and women we support take to the field are identified as are bound up with these players and their motions hang on their performances the agony and the Ecstasy shape who we are or like to think we are what tribe we call our own how we . Well you the places we come from these things really matter to us and that's why we care so much about a game. You've been listening to the water factor on the b.b.c. World Service I'm Sandra counsel the program editor is Richard Knight and it's been mixed by Rod Foka. Hello and welcome to more or less on the b.b.c. World Service I'm Tim Harford powerline creative Heroes is a British artist who's written a book called Invisible Women exposing data bias in a world design for men in it she covers a wide range of topics where she argues that data is collected in a way that misses women's experiences of life to detrimental effect we sat down to talk about the book and we begin with a story about. The way fire growth was discovered by accident it was in a trial actually for heart medication and it turned out that it didn't work very well as a heart medication but it did have this wonderful side effect which they discovered because all the participants in the drug trial were men and having discovered that . Give men erections it very quickly was developed as a drug and it was on the market in a couple of years and that was in the late ninety's. Fast forward to 2013 and a medical research decides to do a small scale study on whether or not the active ingredient in Biograph would ease period pain for which there isn't really much out there for most women period pain is just a feature for a long part of your life and so this would be amazing and the primary hypothesis was that it would reduce period pain entirely in comparison to perceive 0 for 4 consecutive hours the trial results were very suggestive but they weren't able to prove the primary hypothesis because they ran out of funding just to reiterate one virus might be a cure of period current Yes but we don't know because we haven't done a big enough study the end of the study they said we should do a big study this looks promising and the lead research applied for funding twice I'm. Was rejected by the times with the rejection basically just being that this isn't a public health party so yeah I agree could cure period pain but we don't know. The 2 interesting part of the story partly the claim that period pain isn't really a big issue and so we have for we're not going to from the study into it but the other part is that the original magnificent corrections discovery of the late 1990 s. Was discovered because by a girl was tested on a bunch of yeah it could have been tested on a bunch of women Well exactly so and then we might have discovered at that point that it kills period pain and at that point significantly you know you wouldn't have just been applying to public funding because there would be money to be made off it as it was in fact for erections but by this point it's out of place and there's no money made from it. Is it still common that clinical trials are conducted overwhelmingly on yes it depends on what stage your act as to how bad it is so there's the cell trial stage and the animal trial stage in the human trial stage and in America for example for quite a long time now actually there has been regulations specifying that if you want and i h funding for human trials that's the National Institutes for Health yes you must include female humans in your trials and in 2016 then she said regulation for animals which is great and it has made things better but they're very bad in forcing it and in fact when the General Accounting Office looked into it they have to be criticised the n.h. For not actually enforcing these regulations so it has made a difference but it's still not right but then actually those aren't the majority of trials anyway in fact the majority of trials are on generic drugs because it's much cheaper and there's no regulation for including women on those and then also actually a lot of drug trials are being done by private companies again for which there is no regulation so it sort of varies across the world the e.u. Does have read. Relations for human testing but basically the vast majority of drugs have historically and still are tested mainly in men I mean even if there's no regulation they could still be as good as a matter of how the reality is that it doesn't happen unless the regulation is that mean that's what you see and that people just don't do it because it is more expensive you know women are more expensive to test on because we do have menstrual cycles and yes the menstrual cycle does interact with the drugs but the menstrual cycles are going to be interact with the drugs whether you've tested on women or not. One study that I thought was very stressed about how many drugs we may have missed out on for women was testing a male and a female cell exposing them to East region and then exposing them to a virus to see if the cells were able to use each and fight of the virus the female cell was able to the male cell wasn't the only test of male cells you would just assume I well Easterton doesn't matter I remember one paper that I looked at which was about how basically having hot dogs could be as beneficial for blood pressure I think is exercise and it was an all male trial and I looked at the section that papers have of what the potential limitations of this trial and they said a small sample size and you listed various things not once did they mention that it was done all in men you know it's quite common in psychology for example the classic psychology experiments that I often write about in my own work Solomon ashes study of conformity Zimbardo prison simulation superstar classic papers in psychology all men are from when I found myself writing about the studies describing them and never mentioning the world on a man because it never occurred to me to check yeah you just reminded me of another study that I came across while I was researching the book. I was looking at how women in leadership in politics are received and the evidence suggests that we experience women in these positions is a norm violation and therefore we find it versus And there was this study looking at how people respond to faces in terms of whether they think they are warm people or not and whether or not that means that they exclude them from their social circles this sounds like a fascinating study and one that's freely really relevant to women because women are the ones who are meant to be warm and a really penalized if they're not and again it was done all in men for reasons of test simplicity and it just means that you're not measuring reality why would you want to measure that. Is interesting because there is of course a line of argument that says we've historically massively exaggerated the difference between men and women and treated women has had a very very different and actually they're not pleased if it's a huge exaggerated many women are same and we need to recognize that and be more as your book seems for making the reverse argument that many women are very different in all kinds of ways that we don't appreciate how you resolve that potential tension Well those books tend to be about sex differences in the brain and if you speak to neuroscientists they will not be saying that there are no differences anywhere else in the body for example height is a very big difference a noticeable difference between men and women no one is claiming that that's not the case some size of 2 I'm taller than you right there you go. For if so when it comes to the gender brain what feminists are arguing against is the idea that we can somehow pinpoint male and female personalities male capacity for being a c.e.o. Versus female capacity for wiping bums in a biological wiring in the brain versus is something that is socialized into us and in my book I do actually talk about the fact that a lot. To these differences are as a result of socialization Yes I talk about medical differences and the fact that we need to test drugs on women but I also talk about the impact of not accounting for women's unpaid care work doesn't mean that I think that women are biologically in a clean meant to do the majority of Catholic I do not think that I think men should be doing 50 percent of it but the reality is that at the moment women are doing the majority of it and because we aren't counting it we aren't accounting for it in the way we design our policy. How long career out of her that is all we have time for this week please get in touch by emailing more or less at b.b.c. Don't see oh the u.k. Until next week. Support for k.q.e.d. Comes from Pacific catch featuring a summer menu with platters of Servatius spoke a and shellfish on ice from their fish bar near West Coast style sushi talk Ohs and fresh pineapple cocktails Pacific catch West Coast fish house Jaguar Livermore of Cavalli auto group presenting the new All of that trick Jaguar I pace drivers looking to explore and experience its driver focus technology can schedule a test drive at bay area I pace dot com. The announcers and technical staff of k.q.e.d. Radio are affiliated with the National Association of broadcast employees and technicians c w a local 51 a.f.l. C.i.a.o. Tomorrow morning partly cloudy along the coast becoming sunny temperatures from the sixty's at the ocean to the low ninety's inland Hello I'm Sandy alter house. And you're listening to k.q.e.d. San Francisco and to k.q.e.d. I north island Sacramento the time is 10 pm. From k.q.e.d. Public Radio in San Francisco a la Michael Krasny tensions with Iran ongoing hacking of the us by Russia China and other foreign powers cyber threats are in the news and what keeps national security expert Richard Clarke up at night is concerned over the us getting in snared in a cyber war without shots fired several times including by the United States we have lowered the barrier it is easier to imagine cyber war initiated and once it initiated getting out of control a former national security officer in the Clinton and both Bush administrations Richard Clarke joins us to talk about the threat of cyber war and more that's all next after this news. Live from n.p.r. News in Washington I'm Steve and the Trump administration and congressional negotiators have reached a deal on a 2 year budget and P.R.'s Dal Snyder reports that the proposal would eliminate the threat of another government shutdown President Trump announced the deal on Twitter and it was quickly confirmed in a joint statement from House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer it would set a federal agency spending a $1.00 trillion dollars next year and take the potential for a default off the table by extending the government's borrowing authority pass a 2020 elections the House expected to act before leaving Friday for the summer recess the Senate expected to take it up next week and J.R.'s trial Snyder the term that ministration is fast tracking deportations without due process starting Tuesday immigration officers will have greater authority to deport anyone who cannot prove they've been in the u.s. For 2 years or longer the exception would be unaccompanied minors the American Civil Liberties Union and the American Immigration Council say they will sue to block the policy Meanwhile the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals has upheld a lower court decision blocking another trumpet ministration rule to detain asylum seekers indefinitely without a bond hearing President Trump says he believes Pakistan will help the u.s. Finally end the war with Afghanistan N.P.R.'s over ports the Trumps comments came during an Oval Office meeting with Pakistan's prime minister President John says it's ridiculous that the u.s. Has been at war in Afghanistan since October 2001 he said that the war torn.