An unacceptable trend of significant incidents in the Gulf Coast region over the last year for n.p.r. News I'm Jenny Rice in Houston security forces have killed at least $27.00 protesters in Iraq amid ongoing anti-government demonstrations N.P.R.'s Jayna ramp reports the worst violence was in the south where police fired live bullets and tear gas canisters in attempt to break up crowds of protesters in the city of Nasiriyah at least 20 protesters were killed when security forces fired on them to drive them from a bridge in the edge of protestors burned down the Iranian consulate Wednesday night and prevented firefighters from putting out a blaze around so those who started the fire were not genuine protesters called for an effective response from the Iraqi government and Iran backed militia that is now part of Iraqi security forces responded by sending armored vehicles and fighters to Nasha it said to protect the senior Shia religious callers the protesters are demanding the fall of what they consider to be a deeply corrupt Iraqi government under the thumb of her own chain around and Karen Hughes this is n.p.r. News. The World Health Organization says a local militia in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo attacked a pair of Ebola response centers today at least 4 people were killed several more were injured local officials say members of the militia believe Ebola is a myth and have repeatedly launched assaults on health facilities and this latest outbreak has killed nearly $2200.00 people a team of scientists have a come up with an unusual way to find off shore fault systems that it could cause earthquakes as N.P.R.'s Joe Palca reports the technique uses fiber optic cables on the ocean floor the team made use of a cable near moderate California that was offline for maintenance for several days the researchers sent laser pulses down the cable and measured characteristics of the photons that were reflected back those characteristics can reveal when the cable is jostled by something like an earthquake as they report in the journal Science the researchers did detect a small earthquake centered at nearby Gilroy California the earthquakes of seismic waves revealed a previously unknown fault zone just offshore the researchers hope their technique can be modified so it can be used with cables that are also carrying data traffic Joe Palca n.p.r. News 3 American astronauts on board the International Space Station are sharing their Thanksgiving Day celebration and a video beamed down to earth they showed off their pouch food menu which includes smoked turkey cornbread dressing sweet potatoes macaroni and cheese and a cranberry apple dessert I'm Windsor Johnston and you're listening to n.p.r. News from Washington support for n.p.r. Comes from Fidelity Investments taking a personalized approach to helping clients grow preserve and manage their wealth learn more at the deli dot com slash wealth the deli brokerage services Al l.c. And Americans for the Arts at Americans for the Arts dot org. They did the thing in the e-mail to the ending the into the ring in the end the in the. From n.p.r. And w.b. You are I'm Jeremy Hobson Happy Thanksgiving it's here and now and we are exactly 2 weeks from Election Day in the United Kingdom where Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his Conservative Party are hoping to win enough seats in parliament to get their Greg's deal passed and take the u.k. Out of the European Union by the new deadline of January 31st Jeremy Corbyn and the Labor Party are trying to stop Johnson but their position on Bragg's it is unclear Joining us now from London is b.b.c. Political correspondent Rob Watson and Rob I know you don't celebrate Thanksgiving in the u.k. But Happy Thanksgiving to you anyway Well Happy Thanksgiving to you Jeremy and of course I lived in the United States for 11 years and Thanksgiving was my absolute absolute favorite fast of all it still is I mean if I could I'd celebrate it here although I suppose it wouldn't it wouldn't quite make sense so very much happy Thanksgiving to you Jeremy and everybody listening I know what a wonderful that is and I'm sure you'll be able to find a turkey if you really want to celebrate Thanksgiving today in the u.k. Let's talk about this election now because we've been following it over the last few weeks the campaign and it seems like the polls are showing that the Conservative Party of Boris Johnson has kind of a sizable lead yes and I guess what will be most striking really Jeremy is how the polls haven't actually changed because what happened in 27 c. And I don't know that seems like a lot of central something was that series of money it was then Conservative leader Prime Minister she had this huge lead over Jeremy Coleman in the polls and of course over the generation of the campaign that lead disappeared mystical when the Labor Party made up some ground this time that simply isn't happening and so if unless anything changes particularly radically between now and the sum of the 12 it looks like Mr Johnson will not only be rights and as prime minister but with a majority Well let's listen to some of what the candidates have been talking about this is prime minister Johnson in a recent debate there's only one reason why we're having. Election that is we have a deadlocked parliament that will not deliver if you vote for us we have a deal then he's ready to go and here is the opposition leader Jeremy Corrigan we will build a fairer Britain where wealth and power are shared a conservative government is fighting it's failed on the economy on the climate crisis the National Health Service and on Brecht So one of the things we hear there Rob is that Boris Johnson says we have a break the deal that's ready to go and brags that Germany Corben is not so clear about what he and the Labor Party would do if he were to gain power there are 2 things that are going to determine the outcome of this election and one is it's sort of Bracks and the other one has missed the call but what I mean by that is that it's not so much the detailed discussion of Bracks I mean that is normal exists and this campaign I mean it's astonishing So why is it about Bracks that it's in this sense Jeremy it's about what happens to the 2 blocks of votes to leave votes from from 2016 and there are a 1000000 votes and what it looks like happening and what it's why it seems Mr Johnston is going to to do well is that essentially most of the people that voted leave in 2016 going behind Mr Johnson the conservatives whereas the remaining vote is rather fragmented it's going to all of the various opposition parties which means that they are in big trouble and the other faction the selection the unpopularity of Mr called and he is spectacularly unpopular in the polls suggest he is the most unpopular leader since this kind of polling began and that leads me to this final point not that anyone should think that Mr Johnson you know is fantastically popular and I'm like but this is very much what's been written what's been referred so Americans will understand this Jeremy an ugly baby contacts the let's recall of that Mr Johnson marginally less ugly the mystical than my apologies to both of us but the interesting thing here is that if all this actually goes as it looks like it well and Johnson wins a big majority with his concern. It is and the election is not really about Gregg's it as you say but brags it would happen as a result of that that there are going to still be half of the people in the u.k. Who are very unhappy with that even though that's not that's really what they're voting on in this election that is an absolutely cracking point and it's why of course there is the things that Mr Johnson's victory could be empty and the following sense number one that the sort of coalition of voters that would have helped him so it's an election picture if indeed this will happen that his people who voted leave and don't like Jeremy call them well you know that looks like a fairly fragile coalition the other problem as you say for Mr Johnson and winning this is the Bracks it is just an immensely difficult and complex policy and while it's true that he may win the election it still will be the case that about half the country think that Bracks it is a truly doffed idea most businesses think it's a truly doffed idea that just about all of Britain's allies I think apart from President Trump thinks it's a truly crazy idea so he will have one less sort of ugly baby contest and be stuck with this very very difficult policy that he will need to implement that is b.b.c. Political correspondent Rob Watson in London Rob thank you thank you and my apologies again to babies and happy thank you to. Well here in the u.s. The number of deaths related to east cigarettes is at 47 that's as of November 20th according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are also in more than 2000 cases of lung injury associated with baking products several states have already banned flavored East cigarettes because those products have been shown to attract young people they think but that doesn't help kids who are already addicted could be the Cardosa from member station and you visited Fairfax County Virginia to look at how the school system there is trying to address that addiction not just you know a 15 year old freshman on a Fairfax. High school was offered a jewel a flavor graping product popular with young people were not using his name to protect his privacy he was curious about the buzz he talked about so he said Ok soon after he got caught I got out one day suspension and had to go to a wake up class about anything and a month to no sports or afterschool activities all of this came as a shock to his mother who didn't know much about feet being grounded her son then a few months later he was pulled out of class and searched he had a jewel in his pocket and when I started to find 1st the little pieces of the device the pods and the batteries I didn't recognize what it was this time he was given a 2 day suspension and they you know with no off to school activities no Friday night football games no trying out for the baseball team he tried to stop and then I got nicotine which was like a headache and like sweating and like fidgeting then like I would call my mom and I'd be like he picked me up I don't feel good and. I didn't really care about yourself at that point I was like oh I'm already in trouble by Julie coming to do what's the point Gail had to accept her son had a serious problem was nothing I could do that the school took a punishment only approach. He was spiraling downward into depression and anger he was isolated and so he was using more. The punishment was just driving him into a mental health crisis and not stopping his addiction that's when Gail realized how little help there is for kids who are already addicted to Isa Griffiths and she's pushed the p.t.a. And Fairfax school system to focus on the problem they being among kids has skyrocketed says Dr Karen Wilson who heads the American Academy of Pediatrics tobacco consortium She says the latest research shows almost 27 percent of teenagers have used isa grits in the past month adding to the problem the pain can deliver more nicotine faster than cigarettes and many kids don't realize just how addictive that nicotine can be all of the kids who are current users of electronic cigarettes probably need some kind of help to quit so when a child brings a baby device to school even after having been caught Wilson says it's likely they're not being defiant at that they can't stop the neighbors are saying that there's no way that that they have to wake up in the middle of the night to use these products they can't go more than 2 hours wasn't says the medical community has also been slow to respond that's because there isn't a lot known about the long term health effects of leaping on developing bodies and greens or how to address this kind of addiction in young people for example the nicotine patch is one of the most common therapies for adults trying to quit cigarettes but it isn't yet f.d.a. Approved for teens younger than 18 so many pediatricians won't prescribe them for kits Jane Miscavige represents all P.T.'s in Fairfax County more than $40000.00 parents it is a huge huge problem it is all around us it is insidious and invisible and most parents are completely oblivious Miscavige says raising awareness of the dangers of the thing and treatment options will be the number one priority this year. Fairfax County public schools is now changing how they deal with leaping moving from a punitive only response to recognizing baking as a health concern as defined Moscow oversees wellness initiatives and says 3 years ago they saw about 70 students the next year that number jumped to more then 400 because of the explosion of the thing last year we provided more than 600 in response his office has shifted from scared straight style presentations by lawyers and police officers to inflammation and addiction support the plan to have 17 substance abuse specialists routine going between schools who connect parents to actual people who can help including outpatient counselling sessions and a support group Fairfax is certainly moved in the direction of recognising that there are students who are involved with something and they need support. And that we have a certain responsibility to provide as much support as we can the move to supporting students I think is is absolutely critical why Fairfax is trying to help students that were previously overlooked it's unclear how the school system will cope with the growing demand for here and now I'm having a caucus out in Washington. You're listening to you're in now and 50 years ago a group of Native American activists laid claim to Alcatraz Island 3 approaches said Alcatraz Island for $24.00 a glass beads in red cloth the president said by the white man's purchase of a similar I bought 3 years ago the protests lasted for 19 months this Thanksgiving hundreds will gather on the island to honor the anniversary of that story this afternoon on All Things Considered from n.p.r. News. I'm Jack China sharply criticizing President Trump signing of 2 bills supporting protesters you know Hong Kong China's vice foreign minister accuses the u.s. Of meddling in its internal affairs calling the measures a violation of international law president says he signed the bills out of respect for China's leader and Hong Kong protesters former Navy secretary Richard Spencer is also criticizing the president saying he has little understanding of what it means to be in the military Spencer makes that accusation in a Washington Post op ed outlining his side of the story in the case of Navy Seal Richard Gallagher who was accused of war crimes up to a quarter 1000000 people are affected by heavy rain in the East African nation of Djibouti authorities say as much as 2 years worth of rain fell in a single day in the country with more heavy rain forecast for the rest of the month you're listening. Funding for here and now comes from the listeners of w.b. You are Boston and your n.p.r. Station and Geico offering motorcycle and r.v. Insurance more information available on motorcycle and r.v. Insurance at Geico dot com or 180947 auto. This is here and now one thing all humans have in common is that at a certain point in our childhood we all go through puberty we get bigger our bodies change we often get a little rambunctious and moody and we mature sexually Well imagine if that happened not when you were 11 or 13 or 15 but when you were a toddler that's the experience of Patrick Burley who has a rare genetic mutation that triggers testosterone production in boys as young as 2 years old doctors call it precocious puberty Patrick Burley is now 40 years old and he wrote about his experience in New York magazine earlier this year I spoke with Burley in January and I asked him 1st just to explain his condition precocious puberty or test toxic osis Yeah yeah so this particular kind of precocious puberty is called male familial limited precocious puberty and it's extremely rare it's estimated that there might be like fewer than a 1000 of us and basically it's a mutation of the nice thing hormone choreo go not a trope and receptor gene which is responsible for triggering testosterone production in the testicles and when did you or when did your parents 1st realize that you had it well my father had it and my grandfather and my great grandfather so they were anticipating it and they started to see symptoms of puberty when I was about 2 years old what do you mean suppose at that age people care or essentially pubic hair I was bigger considerably bigger than a than a 2 year old and also impulsive behavior that's characteristic of someone going through puberty like like just you know an inability to control my impulses you know aggressive outbursts. Hitting other. Kids tantrums that were kind of truly epic just behavior that was extreme and in terms of your size I mean there's a picture that you show in New York magazine where you're with a sports team as a kid and you're like twice the size of all the other kids on the team Yeah I was huge I mean I was the 1st time I went I was treated for the for the mutation at the National Institutes of Health in Maryland and my 1st visit I was about 3 years old and I weighed as much and was as tall as a 7 year old. And had the testosterone levels of a 14 year old kind of and deep in the throes of puberty so I was I was huge and I was not just bigger but also you know I had all this testosterone coursing through my body so I was muscular and you know when I was 3 and 4 years old I was kind of basically until I was about 7 sort of an athletic field that was hitting home runs and I was like everyone wanted me on their team because I was just much bigger and stronger How aware were you of what was going on. I knew I was different obviously and I knew that you know I was taking a lot of medication to suppress the production of testosterone so I knew that you know there was something sort of wrong with me biologically. But beyond that I didn't I didn't know much and I also you know I have no memory of a time before all of this you know so there was no moment when I when it kind of changed for me physically which is normally what happens when you're you know a conscious 13 year old in your body starts to change and is that the way the. You thought of it is that there was something wrong with you. Yeah yes because it was so behavioral and because I was you know I beginning at about 4 and 5 I started to get in trouble in school a lot because I just wasn't able to control my impulses and I looked so dramatically different from everyone else that. You know sort of normal misbehavior was amplified in my case and you know if there were a group of us and we were all you know doing something wrong on the playground like I stuck out and would kind of take the blame and so sort of being bad and looking different and feeling different was all sort of packaged up together you also as you write started sort of experimenting sexually pretty young. I did I did it was. I started to lie about my age when I was probably about 8 it was easy to do this because I looked so much older and it was also. In a way it was easier for for me to not have to explain why I look so much older just pretend that you actually were exactly yeah so I would just tell people that I was you know when I was 8 I would tell them I was 12 or 13 and and so I started to hang out with older kids and kids who were you know doing things that were kind of beyond. My peers and you know and that meant sexual stuff and it also meant smoking cigarettes and experimenting with substances and you know kind of all the all the rebellious behavior that's normally associated with teenagers I started to do when I was considerably younger What did your father who also had the same thing what did he tell you along the way it sounds like he was rather reserved about it didn't want to talk about it that much . Yeah yeah it had been very difficult for him. Not only because of everything that I'm describing now but also there were just circumstances about his childhood that were especially challenging and for that reason he didn't want. To investigate that with me. Which was you know it was a defense mechanism it was a way for him to survive and cope. And you know he grew up in the fifty's in the sixty's and I think there's also a sort of generational mindset that contributes to that and so you know he was always he was very loving and very supportive of me but you know we never he never sat me down and said you know listen I know what you're going through and I know you're you know having sexual feelings at 5 you know I've been there and this is kind of how. You should navigate it because this is how I navigated it those conversations didn't happen once you turned what like 15 everyone else kind of caught up to you. Yeah about 14 or 15 everyone else caught up and I also finished. And the kind of convergence of those 2. Really like it was almost overnight you know all of a sudden I kind of looked around and I no longer stuck out I was no longer you know this. Cast and also just a hormonally I was all of a sudden some kind of more subdued and then that's it there are no more effects after that once you've finished puberty you're done Yeah basically there's the one kind of lingering is that men who have this they don't grow to their full stature what they call target height so like most men who have had familial male admitted precocious puberty and up only being around 5 feet tall I ended up being 6 feet tall and I think that's a combination of medication that I took in all my treatment as well as just having tall genes like my brother is 66 and he didn't inherit the mutation so I think I was lucky in that way but other than that no there are no it's purely developmental once you know puberty is done with you it's done it goes away was it a relief when it was done or how did that feel when you grow up your whole childhood you're different than everybody else and then all of a sudden you're the same. You know I mean I still I still kind of feel different Asli he hasn't Oh you know if you met me you wouldn't think of me as different but I think. The Those feelings of being other and not fitting in as well as sort of being labeled bad you know from from an early age you know they stayed with me even though you know by. Time I was 15 or 16 I heads I had sort of made it 180 degree turn in my life and I was no longer getting in trouble and I did well in school and I was you know a decent athlete so I think that I did once I began to fit in and I did feel relief and at the same time like a desire to not unlike my father kind of hide my past and hide the challenges and. What I felt for a long time was kind of a deviant past. That is Patrick Burley and that is just part of his story tomorrow we'll hear the rest of our conversation as Patrick discusses the decision he and his wife made about whether or not to screen their embryos for this genetic mutation and to select embryos without it so their son wouldn't go through the same struggles that Patrick his father grandfather and great grandfather had gone through by the way his great grandfather has an amazing story of his own he was so big as a 13 year old and he was able to enlist in the Navy and fight in World War One he suffered mustard gas poisoning and was hospitalized and only then that the u.s. Government discovered that he was actually only 131 time and they sent him home that part of the story tomorrow on here and now you can read more about Patrick that here and now. Funding for here and now comes from w.v.u. Our Boston and math works creators of Matlab and Simulink software for technical computing and model based design Mathworks accelerating the pace of discovery in engineering and science learn more at Mathworks dot com and babble language learning app that teaches real life conversations using speech recognition technology and voiced by native speakers daily 10 to 15 minute lessons are at Babble the a b b e l dot com. This is here and now from n.p.r. And w.b. You are I'm Jeremy Hobson President Trump made an unannounced visit to Afghanistan today where he and some aides spent Thanksgiving with American troops he served turkey to a dining hall full of servicemen and women at Bob Graham airfield The president also spoke to the troops so I would just want to say that we thank God for your health and all of the things that you've done you're very special people and you don't even know how much the people of our country love and respect you and they do that's why I'm here I'm just bringing the message and we will continue to follow the president's visit to Afghanistan we're also monitoring developments today in Hong Kong where China says it could take firm countermeasures if the United States continues to show support for pro-democracy protesters The warning follows a signing yesterday by President Trump of bills that appear to support the protesters joining us now is the B.B.C.'s Jeff Lee He's in Hong Kong Jeff tell us more about how people there are reacting to this show of support from the President Jimmy they have been very happy you were from presidents traumas signing the bill because they think the expo at a so you could text again some Hong Kong officials who have been allegedly abusing their power tools to protest as they think the acts will allow the u.s. Government to impose sanctions against those officials deemed responsible and it will make them think twice before abusing their power again and China as we said is not happy about this what is Beijing saying that it may do what might these firm counter measures be the form of free is released a statement today saying the u.s. Has been disappointed we got in facts and distorting the truth in that you notice also accused the u.s. Of openly backing violent criminals as you mentioned the ministry has threatened counter measures but the ministries and statement has not given any specifics. So as we all know the u.s. And China are involved in a trade war and officers from both countries to student trying to negotiate a final agreement so any condemnation we may be able to see from the final agreement well and some of the reporting about this says that China may be too scared to derail the progress on a possible trade deal to actually do anything significant as a counter measure to this action by the president of the United States is there reaction today from Kerry Lam Hong Kong's leader to what's just happened she hasn't openly comment on the ads but the Hong Kong government released a statement so you think that x. Past was an reasonable because the tide off the ash continued through the word democracy but the Hong Kong government set the action actually about export control and enforcement of sanctions imposed departed you and you know Hong Kong which is which the government says is totally unrelated to human rights in democracy the statement has also mentioned the u.s. Interests business interests in Hong Kong and said the action would maybe f.x. This kind of ties between Hong Kong and the u.s. Jeff do you think that this action by the u.s. Gives the protest movement in Hong Kong any new momentum definitely this act along with the district council election this last Sunday which the pro-democracy camp got a lot of seats from the probation camp the protest movement will we realize some how much actual supports they have and they can't plan their next steps accordingly that is the B.B.C.'s Geoff least speaking with us from Hong Kong Jeff thank you. And you're listening to here in the. We think of Black Friday the day after Thanksgiving as a time of crowds lining up outside stores ready to fight over T.V.'s and toys police say what happened here this morning was they call it. But are consumers and retailers losing enthusiasm why are we doing this why are we paying people double overtime a good to be here to serve these not so good customers on the next Morning Edition from n.p.r. News. I'm Jack let the R.'s president made a surprise visit to troops in Afghanistan president served turkey to a dining hall of about 500 troops largely avoiding politics in his address it also says peace talks with the Taliban are back on and met briefly with Afghan president Ghani North Korea has conducted 2 short range missile tests that move about a month before a deadline set by North Korea for the u.s. To make a new proposal installed nuclear talks comes 3 days after the North conducted artillery drills near the disputed sea boundary with South Korea police in London are defending their decision not to investigate allegations against Prince stant Prince Andrew from a woman who says she was sex trafficked by Jeffrey Epstein police got the complaint 4 years ago and say any trafficking in the case likely took place outside their jurisdiction you're listening to here unknown. Funding for here and now comes from the listeners of w b u r Boston from fracture fracture prints your digital photos or art directly on glass from personal photo gifts to large wall decor fracture prints come in a variety of sizes and ship ready to mount learn more at fracture Me dot com slash here and now and babble teaching new languages with the spaced repetition method daily 10 to 15 minute lessons using simulated conversations that are voiced by native speakers are a babble the a b b e l dot com. This is here and now if you find yourself hanging around the house this holiday weekend it might be a good time to catch up on your garden yes you can garden in the fall and winter here with some tips is Deborah connecting she's a garden consultant in Columbus Ohio her business is called The Garden sage She's also a writer and teacher Deborah thanks for joining us and Happy Thanksgiving to you same to you it's a pleasure to be here Ok so it is still fall even though in many places it feels like winter. Is there anything that people can do if they want to go outside and work in the garden right now and maybe at least set things up for a good spring next year there is there's a time that I don't even know where to start but one of the things that people might think of doing is finally getting those bulbs in that they bought back in September and are sitting in the garage you have about another week at least you know in here I'm in Columbus Ohio so I have to admit I have planted bulbs all the way up to Christmas although that year I got mostly leaves I didn't get as many flowers but planting Balts going out and waiting edging beds you know it all depends on what your plans are for the next year and it that might be the 1st thing you might think about doing is looking at what didn't work last year and trying to figure out how you can make it work next year or just throw it out and start over and tell me why would you plant bulbs now for next year well normally I like to plant in October but I found a sale and I was able to pick up a bunch of balls far less than half price and I thought Ok I'll put them in and so I planted bulbs last week and they'll last through the winter they do well the balls I'm talking about are the ones that bloom in spring your daffodils tulips the loo. Tiny wonderful minor bald little Squills and glory in the snow it cetera those are planted and fall we also have some really beautiful summer blooming balls but you would plant those in the spring once on a chance of frost is past and you said weeding would be a good idea right about now well we have had you know we got this incredible cold and then it got a little warm and now it's cold again but in the meantime we have these weeds called annual weeds and take advantage of that brief warm spell and the next thing you know you have waves all over the place one of the weeds in particular that I talk about in it people know about is the winter better crests it looks like this cute little Rose that it's so cute and then it blooms it has cute little white flowers and then it makes about a 1000000 seeds and the next thing you know you're battling this week every year and you have this carpet of winter bitter cress and you're thinking how in the world did that happen and it all starts from about you know 10 plants when you look at your garden at this time of year in many places it's probably covered with leaves from trees is it worth getting rid of all of those getting them out of the way it depends and I just want the listeners to think does anybody rake the leaves in the woods no so it's a good idea to leave those leaves back there they insulate the plants and then the plants come up better in the spring for it now. And exception to that is if you have some plants that would be I don't know harmed because there are too many lease on top of them you could take the leaves and kind of spread them out still leaving some leaves on top but not as much and what I do are township goes and picks up all the leaves in our neighborhood and I ask for a load or 2 to be dropped in my yard and I hedge all my bets with those chopped up mulch leaves what does that mean you enjoy your beds Well 1st what I do is I will take a shovel and I'll cut the grass so the grass isn't going into the bed and just kind of throw that grass into my good compost pile and then I have this kind of clean edge and I will take the mulch leaves and about a foot back into the bed I'll just pile up about 4 to 6 inches and that adds nutrients in the soil and the organisms that are in the soil will parade down those leaves further and take it back down in and feed your trees shrubs her patients plants you name it are you noticing differences because of climate change in the world of gardening right now oh yeah I've been a gardener for over 30 years and we've always had freeze thaw cycles but now I'm seeing the freeze fast cycles then turn into deep cold or high heat and our plants aren't used to that you know the joke is oh gosh here autumn was from November 1st to November 9th Oh here and Columbus that was the joke on Facebook but it's almost true so our seasons seem like they're truncated or that they're chopped up or that we have spring or summer in the middle of October so is there anything that you can do about that as a gardener to adapt to the situation. It's all about finding plants that are resilient and adaptable and that can become difficult because we don't know yet how all of our plants are going to react to these changes in climate Ok so let's jump forward if you will and to the spring what month do you like to plant things other than these bulbs that you'll leave underground there all winter long what other things when do you start planting again I'm going to say it depends you can start planting trees and shrubs as early as late March mid March into mid April is my favorite time for trees and shrubs although I'll plant trees and shrubs all season long I love to plant perennials in April mid April to late April into May into June then you're dealing with the heat and you might want to back off and wait until planting perennials again in the fall late August into September and October I usually stop planting perennials around October 15th and what I try to do is take my cue from Mother Nature so I've got some geraniums outside my house and I also brought one inside and it's been growing in the kitchen looking outside the other ones and the ones outside that's it they're done it's too cold but do you think the one inside will last all winter long yes. What you have that beautiful geraniums are actually from South Africa they are a zone 910 planet like Florida think Florida and they are treated like organisms in South Africa I have seen that and you will geraniums in a cot my grandmother had one and it lived for years and years and years and she just hack it back so yes it will live as long as you take care of it do you suggest that people bring any other plants inside for the winter and just try to hold on to them and then put them back outside in the spring I'm going to say this again this is 3 for 3 It depends. Yeah well like the impatiens that you put out I usually let Mother Nature take those but if I plan to Rosemary I'll bring our Rosemary's in otherwise they're toast so yeah that's a whole conversation in itself indoor plants which are now the craze it is it's wonderful I love seeing that indoor plants are coming back because I think they they brighten the mood in the winter when we've just about had enough a cold absolutely So final question if someone is listening to this and I'm sure there are many who are listening to this who don't garden at all but maybe their chariots about it what is a good thing for a beginner to do. Google and purchase some succulents which are these beautiful architectural plants there are the cacti which are sharp and there are the succulents and the other kinds of succulents that don't have Fornes and put them in a bright sunny window and enjoy them this winter and then this spring or summer maybe grow one tomato or one Chile or one pepper or grow one beautiful rose in a pot or in the ground by your front door where you can smell its perfume start small and then start adding and give me a call if you have any questions. Well I will say that growing up Pepper as a beginner gardener that I am is much easier than growing a tomato. That's an interesting comment I'd like to explore in that way you just don't add up that is Deborah can have he has a garden consultant in Columbus Ohio her business is called The Garden sage Deborah thanks again for joining us thank you for asking you to let us know what you were up to in the garden at here in downtown. New. Funding for here and now comes from the listeners of w b u r Boston and math works creators of Matlab and Simulink software for technical computing and model based design math works Excel aerating the pace of discovery in engineering and science learn more at math works dot com and Landmark college serving neuro diverse students offering associate and bachelor's degrees and a bridge experience for students to gain strategies for success in college classes start January 28th more at l.d. Bridge dot org. This is here and now more than half of Americans over the age of 65 have a chronic condition diabetes cancer Alzheimer's disease and many have more than one so when they go to the emergency room it can be complicated for doctors as a result some emergency departments are making targeted investments to better serve older patients Cathy Ritchie from member station k.j. Z.z. In Phoenix reports coming. In a memory area. Called like this aren't unusual a banner University Medical Center in Phoenix staff here see more than a 1000 patients a month who are 65 and older nationally emergency departments or e.d.s. Are treating seniors at higher rates than non seniors according to the American College of Emergency Physicians So last year this medical center stepped up and became one of only 100 or so accredited geriatric Edis in the country and the only one in Arizona we know that ordered adults when they come into the they have more complications Dr Newman Agger wall is achieving geriatrics at Banner University Medical Center and there was the need for improving the care of these patients 70 come to the emergency department falls are the leading cause of injury related deaths among older adults according to the c.d.c. And preventing falls is one of the centers biggest initiatives Agger wall says it means using an interdisciplinary approach we have nurses who are specially trained for detection of false we have a pharmacist who looks at their medications and we have the physicians who get training every month on what the optics focused care could be this probably sounds like what should be happening in every But geriatric e.t.s. Are in short supply Dr Kevin vice chair is a geriatric emergency department accreditation program at the American College of Emergency Physicians he says every e.-d. In the country should aim for a bronze level sort of a case. Which is the most basic of the 3 accreditation levels ever monosyllables sort of occasion you need to have a champion position a champion nurse in you at least one quality improvement project to make your. Like banners fall initiative silver and gold require much higher commitment levels so having things like pressure also reducing mattresses recline a bill arm chairs or creating a protocol for identifying elder abuse or a dementia screening protocol and follow up still with more than 4580 s. In the entire country there are only 107 accredited geriatric e says Bice something else this country lacks are geriatricians especially in a state like Arizona the American Geriatric Society says a state should have more than 500 geriatricians But as of 2018 there are only 117. Julie Kobo says a nursing director for banners emergency department she takes me on a tour of the geriatric e.-d. There's not a separate ward for older patients though that's the goal rather there are 6 age friendly rooms it is my only friendly patient right now it's a 68 year old patient and so on the sign is on the door it's been explained to the patient as to if there's any needs that need to be met we're here to attend to them like providing extra pillows and blankets non-slip socks making sure their belongings are nearby so patients don't climb out of bed and if a patient forgets their hearing aids we have hearing devices we have magnifiers in there if they're having problems seeing they forgot their glasses or what have you ear plugs in case it gets too loud or noisy kids it can get really crazy and here it can also be really scary especially for a patient with dementia staff here are trying to cure for that population which in Arizona is expected to increase from 140000 to 200000 by 2025 according to the all timers association again Dr aggro all having a staff which North does which is. It's a mnemonic that stands for tolerate and dissipate do a lot attitude so we train our nurses to follow that technique to calm the person Don so that we don't have to use medicine or any physical restraint the hospital also tries to hire nurses who have experience working at assisted living facilities earlier Julie co-host told me a story about one of her nurses and a 78 year old patient with all swimmers disease bless her heart she was very scared she was very confused doing a lot of yelling in the room the nurses kept trying to comfort her so my charge nurse did a really cool thing that nurse was Brandy Kanno this literally kept wandering everywhere and she was pretty quick on her feet it's actually going to escape so we had I had hers that by me as she ate lunch and she settled down that small gesture changed everything and sometimes that's all it takes human connection. Dr Bice of the geriatric accreditation program says that in 2018 people 65 and older made about 20000080 visits and that figure will likely continue to increase as baby boomers age further indication that health care has no choice but to change the way it does business for here and now I'm Cathy Ritchie. And we are here for you following the news on this Thanksgiving Day we are thankful for our Thanksgiving staff Frankie Parris Chris Bowman Todd month think you re Karen Miller Madsen Alex ash like James trout Mike mosquito Allison Hagen answering me here now is a production of n.p.r. And w.b. You are in association with the b.b.c. World Service I'm Jeremy Hobson Happy Thanksgiving. Findings are here in old homes from tractor fracture prints your digital photos or are directly on glass from personal photo gifts to large won't make or fracture prints come in a variety of sizes and ship ready to mount learn more a fracture Me dot com slash here and no. I'm germy Hobson North Korea test more missiles as it tries to pressure the u.s. To provide sanctions relief but North Korea is not likely to make concessions to the u.s. Any time soon they seem to have made the preparations to just let the clock line out possibly on the year and possibly on the entire trunk of ministration That's next time on here now. You're listening to public radio. 89.3. Our studios are located on the campus of did you notice any. Food. And Simulink software accelerating the pace of engineering and science learn more math works not come from n.p.r. And let me be your Boston I'm Jeremy Hobson Happy Thanksgiving it's here and then. Coming up a profile of Mike Pompei Oh who went from Army officer to Congressman to President Trump secretary of state he's now part of the impeachment inquiry since he was tapped and joined this administration I'm pale as proven to be one of the most loyal figures never showing any signs of daylight with the president also have some turkey and settle in for some binge watching in p.r. T.v. Critic Eric Dagens has some suggestions if you're ready to cut the cord and sign up for new streaming services like Disney Plus whenever somebody asked me Is it worth it to watch this about the service I was single What did you lot you know if you are a fan of Disney's library all of that is in one place coming up here in. The news 1st. Live from n.p.r. News and Washington I'm Winsor Johnston police in Hong Kong are working to clear out a university building where dozens of pro-democracy demonstrators had been barricaded School officials say after a 2 day search they believe no one else is in the building chali happening is a spokesman for the Hong Kong police he says officers recovered dangerous items from the campus. Of. Such a. Bomb 6 o'clock Meanwhile China says President signing of the Hong Kong human rights bill will undermine cooperation between the 2 countries and impact ongoing trade talks the u.s. Legislation mandates sanctions on Chinese and Hong Kong officials for human rights abuses in Hong Kong and prohibits police from carrying certain non-lethal weapons Turkey's defense ministry says 2 Turkish soldiers were killed in a mortar attack near the country's border with Syria last night N.P.R.'s Peter Kenyon reports 2 others were wounded in the blast a mortar targeted a border post in the town of chuckle a Turkish media report it was fired from an area near the Syrian town of tell of the on the defense ministry says Turkish artillery units immediately returned fire to lobby out as one of the towns seized by Turkish forces during an offensive aimed at pushing Syrian white b.g. Kurdish fighters away from the border Turkey considers the Kurdish fighters terrorists aligned with other Kurdish militia and Turkey's military has been fighting for more than 3 decades Washington takes a very different view seeing the white b.g. As partners in the fight to reclaim territory from Islamic state forces Peter.