Documents go back almost 2000 years. Nearly to the time of st. Peter. The name of god. And from the same period, the gospel of luke and part of the gospel of john. At the beginning, it was the word and the word was god. Im steve kroft. Im lesley stahl. Im morley safer. Im bob simon. Im lara logan. Im scott pelley. Those stories tonight on this shortened edition of 60 minutes. Enneed a quick holiday present, go to walgreens. Com. Just upload your photo, create any number of gifts and pick them up the same day. Right here. At the corner of happy and healthy. That retiring some day is even an option for sean and me. Howd you get comfortable enough to know you could really do it . Well, planning, of course. And we got a lot of good advice. A few years ago, your mom and i put some money into a pacific life fixed annuity. It guarantees us an income for the rest of our lives, whether Social Security is all there or not. Hey, hey [ laughs ] [ male announcer ] to learn more about a guaranteed Lifetime Income from pacific life, visit pacificlife. Com. Till you finish your vegetables. [ clock ticking ] [ male announcer ] theres a better way. V8 vfusion. Vegetable nutrition they need, fruit taste they love. Couldve had a v8. Or. Try kids boxes couldve had a v8. Get to kmart for our deals to get it done 2 day sale this sunday monday. Grab great deals on family outerwear and toys dont miss out at kmart. Pelley it is a sunday of sorrow for newtown, connecticut, and for the nation. This afternoon hundreds of residents walked the road to sandy hook elementary school, where, on friday, 26 people were murdered, 20 of them children in the first grade. President obama has been in newtown tonight for a memorial service. First reports of this tragedy have turned out to be inaccurate. We were told that the gunmans mother was a teacher at the school, that he was allowed in because he was recognized, and that he targeted his mothers classroom with two handguns. Tonight we know that all of that is wrong. Heres what we do know, as told by people who knew the gunman and by one woman at the school that he approached but did not kill. That woman is sally cox, the school nurse. This picture was taken shortly after she left sandy hook elementary on friday. Shes been the school nurse there 15 years. And she told us that friday morning began with comforting routine 9 10, pledge of allegiance; 9 15, outside doors locked. Then came 9 30. Cox all of a sudden, i heard a very loud popping noise i mean, a noise that ive never, ever heard before. And my first thought was, was this something with the heating something, or did something fall . And i called out to the secretary, barb, what is that . And then she called out to me by name. She said, sally. And i could just hear, like, fear in her voice. Pelley it was something about the way barb called out your name . Cox yes, yeah. She just had this horrible sound of fear in her voice. Thats what made me just. Because i think i was about ready to go to see what was going on. The popping kept going off. And i just dove underneath my computer desk. The back of the desk has a small opening for, like, wires to come out, and i just peeked. I could see his feet and his legs from the knees down, and his feet were facing in my direction. And i just froze with fear. And then he just. It was just seconds, and then he turned around, and i could hear him walk out. I heard the door close, and then i just heard popping starting all over again. And then the secretary, she was down behind my desk, and we pulled the phone off the desk, and she called 911. Pelley and she said what . Cox she said, we have a shoo. Please send help right away. We have a shooter in the building. And then we just wanted to get out of there, and then we just ran into my big supply closet. And we ran into the closet and we pulled that door closed, so we were behind two locked doors. And we could just hear the popping continue, and we heard screams. Theres nothing we could do, you know . It was just a helpless, horrible feeling, you know . And just like a nightmare that. Couldnt believe that. You know, you just think its a bad dream. After some time i think it was about 11 15, so we had been in that closet for about an hour and a half i opened the door and i peeked out, because my office has a lot of windows and looks into the courtyard. And i just saw what looked like maybe swat people, but i didnt know, you know, who they were. I didnt know if there were other shooters. And it wasnt until 1 15 when i. Somebody was jiggling the door, but nobody called out. So i decided to be brave enough and open that door into the office. A lot of state Police Officers were there at that point, and they were very surprised to see me. Pelley you were in the closet for about four hours . Cox close to it, yeah, yeah. Just fearful. Pelley i wonder what the standard security at the school is, in terms of allowing visitors into the building and that sort of thing. How is it supposed to work . Cox we do our pledge of allegiance at 9 10, and then, five minutes later, the doors are locked, all the doors and all. Going around the whole building. And then, when people come, they have to buzz. Theres a camera. They push a button. It buzzes in the office, and we buzz them in. Pelley how long has that been true . Cox four or five years. Pelley the gunman had shot out a window to get past the locked door. From the start, sally cox told us, the teachers and the kids went immediately into the lockdown that they had practiced and practiced. Children were trained to go under their desks in events like these . Cox yeah, yeah, yeah. And we have different kinds of drills, you know i mean, in addition to fire drills and high wind drills and lockdown drills and evacuation drills. So weve done it. Weve been doing it, you know . Each month its something different, you know . Pelley so youd done those kind of things fairly recently . Cox just recently, yes, yeah. Pelley at some point, you left the school, and i wonder, in that journey from your office through the door, what did you see . Cox they told me to close my eyes. They got. They took my arm, and they guided me out. They said, well guide you out. We want you to close your eyes until we get to the parking lot. I dont know what was there that they didnt want me to see, but they told me to close my eyes. Pelley and thats what you did. Cox thats what i did, yeah. Pelley the officers spared her the sight of the bodies of 20 firstgraders, four teachers, the school psychologist, the principal, and the killer. 20yearold adam lanza lived in town nearly all his life, but he left few impressions. Olivia devivo sat behind lanza in tenthgrade honors english. Devivo yeah, he carried a briefcase to every class, and that stood out to me, because in high school, everyone has backpacks and, you know, messenger bags. And that stood out to a lot of kids. Pelley it also stood out that lanza was uncomfortable when asked to speak in class. Devivo he just would just get very nervous, and, you know, his face would turn bright red, and he would get very fidgety. And you could just tell that it wasnt that he didnt know the answer. Its just that it was very difficult for him to say what he wanted to say. Pelley did he have a reputation for being a smart kid . Devivo yeah, definitely. I mean, you can just tell by the way he was in class. He always appeared to be very attentive and focused. Pelley how would you describe him socially . Devivo he must have really felt uncomfortable in any kind of social situation, because he never really put himself out there. And i just dont really remember him ever, you know, stepping forward or really saying anything. It was just he wanted to be left alone, and we left him alone. Pelley she doesnt remember lanza after that, maybe because he wasnt going to the high school fulltime. Family friends told us that he was being home schooled by his mother, nancy lanza. Nancy lanza told her friends, mark and louise tambascio, that adam was brilliant but disabled. Did nancy lanza ever tell you specifically what her sons medical condition was, and she put a name to it . Mark tambascio aspergers. Pelley thats what she said . Mark tambascio yeah, yes. Pelley that it was aspergers syndrome . Mark tambascio absolutely. Theres no question. Pelley and for her, it was a fulltime job taking care of him. Mark tambascio absolutely. Oh, my goodness, yes. Pelley aspergers syndrome is a disorder within the spectrum of autism. Its characterized by social impairment, communication difficulty, and repetitive patterns of behavior. An Aspergers Support Group told us today that patients are more prone to be victims of violence than the perpetrators of violence. And we dont know whether aspergers played any role in the shootings, but friends told us that the condition did dominate the lanzas lives. Louise tambascio i mean, i know he was on. He was on medication and everything, but she home schooled him at home because he couldnt deal with the School Classes sometimes. So she just home schooled adam at home, and that was her life. Pelley she wasnt working. She devoted her time to adam . Louise tambascio yeah, she didnt have to work, so thats what she did. She home schooled him and, you know, she did a lot of charitable work and everything. Pelley nancy lanza appeared well off, living with her son in an upscale home. She was 52, divorced in 2009, with another, older son. In town, they say she was friendly and generous, donating time and money to charities. Nancy lanza also made a hobby of shooting sports. She owned several guns. A friend said that shed grown up that way on a farm in new hampshire. Mark tambascio yeah, she was. She liked to target shoot. You know, she got into it, i think, in, you know, the last few years or so. She really enjoyed it. But yes, she was an advocate. She really got into it and loved it. Pelley the guns adam lanza carried into the school a rifle and two pistols like these were all legal, registered to his mother under connecticut laws, which are among the strictest in the nation. The murder weapon was a semiautomatic variation on the m16 assault rifle. It fires one round with each pull of the trigger. The first victim friday was nancy lanza. Police say they found her lying in bed, shot in the face. They also discovered the computers in the home had been smashed to bits. An f. B. I. Lab is trying to recover documents from the hard drives now. And investigators will subpoena the lanzas emails and Text Messages from service providers. Motive is still a mystery. But if anyone can begin to understand an attack like this, its robert fein and bryan vossekuil. In 1999, they went into prisons to interview and study assassins and wouldbe assassins for the u. S. Secret service. Then in 2002, the secret Service Published their followup study on 37 school shooters. Robert, youve been speaking to people who are involved in the investigation at the highest levels, and i wonder what theyre telling you about these early days. Fein fundamentally what i hear is that this is a very complicated case, a very difficult, painful case thats going to take a long time to really unravel and understand. Pelley what are they saying about precedents and how this compares . Fein on the continuum of loneoffender attacks, this case is described as way out there on the continuum, in terms of awfulness. Pelley they discovered that most attackers followed a discernible pattern of behavior for weeks or even months before the attack. They call it the pathway to violence. How does this pathway to violence manifest itself . What is it that people can look for in a person who is on this pathway, as you describe it . Fein people who engaged in these attacks took a series of actions, as in often selecting a particular weapon, sometimes practicing with a weapon. They thought, im desperate. They accepted the idea that violence might be an acceptable way to solve their problems. Pelley in how many cases did the shooter tell someone essentially what he was planning on doing before he did it . Vossekull in almost all of them, the student who committed the attack, the school shooter, communicated, in many instances, his intent to commit the attack. Pelley the events of friday struck fear into the heart of every parent who sends a child to school all across this country. I wonder what you would tell the folks at home who worry, can i send my kid to school on monday . Vossekull it is important to remember that these are extremely, extremely rare events. Fein any event as horrible as the attack of last friday scares everybody. But the reality in this country is that schools have been and are safer, and have become much safer over the last several years. bells tolling pelley yesterday in newtown, they released the names of the lost. We were surprised when school nurse sally cox told us that she was making a point of not hearing them not all at once anyway. Better to take 26 blows one at a time. bells tolling [ male announcer ] its simple physics. 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And removing the ship has turned out to be the most complicated, the most expensive, the most daunting and the riskiest salvage operation ever. The Costa Concordia is a rusting carcass, sitting precariously on two underwater mountain peaks. The swimming pools and jacuzzis where passengers sunbathed and sipped cocktails, now empty and askew. A clock remains frozen in time, marking the hour and minute when the ship lost power. And below, ghostly vestiges of the ships contents litter the ocean floor in what the italian authorities have designated an official crime scene. 30 people died; two are still missing. Nick sloane welcome on board. Stahl thank you. Nick sloane from south africa is the senior salvage master. He took us out to the wreck site. How big is that ship . Sloane shes huge, and what you see at the moment is only 35 of her. So 65 underneath is like an iceberg underneath there. Stahl now the plan is to roll the 60,000ton ship in one piece onto an underwater platform, raise it, and then float it away so it can be cut up for scrap. So, youre planning to rotate a ship that weighs 60,000 tons. Sloane yeah. Stahl so, let me see. Youre going to this is the ship. You have to do it like. Sloane well roll it up right. Stahl . The whole thing together at once, creaking. Sloane all the way along the three football fields long. Stahl three football fields long . Sloane yeah. And were going to rotate it all at the same time. Stahl it sounds like an experiment in defying the laws of physics. The actual work is being shared by nick sloanes titan salvage, an american wreck removal company, and micoperi, an italian engineering firm. Sergio girotto is the companys project director, in charge of refloating a 60,000ton ship filled with seawater. So you have to create much more buoyancy than even the original weight of the ship because of all the water. Girotto absolutely. Absolutely. Stahl a team of engineers came up with something ingenious to, in effect, weld a new ship onto the shipwreck. It starts here with the construction of towering steel boxes called sponsons. Theyre gigantic. The largest ones weigh 500 tons each and stand 11 stories high, and theyll be outfitted with hoses and sophisticated air pumps to create buoyancy. Heres whats supposed to happen one by one, nine of them will be welded across the exposed side of the ship. Girotto they will be joined together like a big lego, outside in the open. Stahl and they have to be precisely welded, correct . Girotto the space from one sponson to the other, it is less than two inches, so they must be fabricated with a very strict tolerance. Stahl this row of hydraulic pulleys will tighten a string of 36 cables attached to the sponsons, slowly rolling the ship upright. Then, other steel boxes will be welded to the other side of the vessel, and, eventually, the hollow, airfilled sponsons will act like waterwings so the Costa Concordia can be floated and towed away. Has this ever been done before . Girotto no, no. Stahl this is brand new . Girotto the brand new technology, brand new methodology. To lift a vessel in this way, it is the first time ever. Stahl and no ones 100 sure lifting a vessel this gigantic in one piece is going to work. Its the biggest Passenger Ship ever wrecked, twice the size of the titanic. Just a year ago, it was a 15 story floating palace big enough to house a small town of 4,000 people. As this promotional video shows, it had 1,500 luxury cabins, 18 restaurants and bars, four swimming pools, five jacuzzis and a casino. The accident occurred this past january, ominously on the night of friday the 13th. Nervous passengers crowded together as water gushed in. Sailing too close to shore, the ship had struck a huge boulder hidden just beneath the surface. You can see that it just tore the pipes apart. Sloane yeah, the momentum of a large ship like this hitting that rock, she had no chance. Stahl almost like a shark eating the belly of a whale or something, it just ate into that. Sloane yeah, it was a big rock, about 96 tons. Stahl the wrecks an eyesore right off the beaches of tiny giglio island that has been overrun by an armada of support vessels and an army of welders, crane operators and marine engineers. Because of the angle of the ship, the workers have to take a fourday course in mountain climbing. Here, theyre working on the strong cables that are keeping the ship in place. Much of the work is being done underwater by speciallytrained salvage divers, 111 in all. Ebano, whos from brazil, is being geared up and safety checked by other divers on his team. Sloane hes got communication for talking. Hes got the air. Hes got backup air. Hes got a camera and a light. Stahl every one who goes in has a support team of at least five up on deck. Once suited up, ebano is lowered down in a cage. The day we were there, the divers were ratcheting, tightening, measuring those massive steel cables that run under and around the ship to tie it down so it doesnt slide off the mountain peaks and sink. Its an exacting and dangerous job, so teammates stand by on deck in case of an emergency, and a dive supervisor monitors and directs the action. Monster do you want to move back on your on your camera and give us a wide shot of exactly whats going on down there. Stahl duane monster morsner oversees a dive team. So youre just watching everything he does, listening to him . Monster and explaining to him exactly where to go because sometimes when you go past 30 meters, you can get narcosis and it sort of affects your your thinking. And obviously, if hes in trouble, i can see what the problems are and help him out and check his depth, that sort of thing. Stahl theres a salvage divers camaraderie. They live in close quarters in floating barracks next to the ship. And while they come from eight different countries, speaking different languages, theyre like soldiers in combat; they have each others back. Morsner move towards the bow of the Costa Concordia, please. Stahl though these divers are in the water round the clock, each one can stay under no longer than 45 minutes at a time. They have five minutes to get from a depth of 40 feet into a decompression chamber. When a diver surfaces, its a race to strip off his gear and get into the chamber. The divers and everyone else work round the clock, seven days and nights a week, in a race against time. They have to remove the ship before storms like this one last month break it apart. Sloane every storm weakens the structure, and there will be a certain point where the structure and she will just say, ive had enough. Stahl so is that what has you worried the most, the weather . Sloane yeah, yeah. When you have bad weather, you dont sleep. Stahl neither do the Insurance Companies that are footing the bill so how much is this operation costing . Sloane well, basically, its going to be around about 400 million, plus or minus, and thats a lot of money. Stahl did your company ever consider proposing just blowing it up . Because i know a lot of salvage operations, they just dynamite. Sloane yeah, some places in the world, that would be a solution. In this scenario, i dont think it would ever be allowed. Stahl is the reason because this is such a tourist area . Sloane oh, the environment is the number one priority. Stahl number one. Thats because the ship settled in a nationallyprotected marine park and coral reef thats home to dolphins, exotic fish, these huge rare mussels and more than 700 other botanical and animal species. Sergio girotto hi, lesley. Stahl Sergio Girotto took us to one of six shipyards in italy that have been pressed into action. At this one north of venice, theyre building this huge steel platform. Its one of six platforms thatll be lowered into the water, its legs anchored into the hard granite sea floor. When the ship is rolled upright, it will roll onto them. So the ship is over there . And what, its going to roll. Girotto yeah, its going to rotate and rotate slowly to rest on this platform, exactly the same area where we are standing. Stahl the platforms are necessary to keep the 60,000ton ship from sliding off its mountain peaks, down into the abyss. But getting the platforms to the wreck site is an operation in and of itself. Girotto and we make the tour of italy. Stahl they will be floated by barge from the shipyard to the shipwreck off giglio island. Around the heel, around the toe and up to giglio. Girotto up to giglio. It is a long trip. Stahl how long . Girotto its going to take. Its going to take 15 days. I tell you, it is a gigantic project. If you simply think of the quantity of steel, is three times the weight of the tower eiffel. Stahl of the eiffel tower . Girotto exactly. Three times the weight of the tower. Stahl out at the wreck site, theyre lowering giant pipes that are used to drill holes in the seabed for the legs of those massive platforms. So these are these big pipes that youre putting down. To protect the environment, the drill bit will be enclosed in the pipe in order to contain any debris from the digging. Wow, look how huge sloane as you can see, this is about eight feet. Stahl eight feet is the diameter of the legs of those platforms, and the holes for the legs have to line up almost perfectly. When you put the platforms down, whats your margin of error . Sloane the error that we can allow is less than six inches between them. So, if we are more than six inches out, the platforms arent going to fit. Stahl has there ever been a salvage project this big . Sloane no, this is with the complexities and the amount of engineering, the scale of the equipment that were bringing in, the size of the teams, this is by far the largest thats ever been done. Stahl in the history of salvage . Sloane in the history of salvage. Stahl lets talk about the day that you are going to rotate the ship onto the platforms. If somethings not going right, can you stop it . Sloane no, you cant stop it. You have one chance. Stahl one chance . Sloane once you start, you have to finish. Stahl weve spoken to engineers, marine engineers. They think you have a 50 50 chance. Sloane no, its more than 50 50, for sure. Stahl it is . Sloane basically, weve got a large engineering team. We have over 200 engineering documents, and everything proves that it can be done, so. Stahl on a computer . Sloane yeah, on a computer. Some parts of the ship will collapse internally. Its going to be very noisy. Theres going to be a lot of creaking, groaning, steel snapping. But shell come upright. Stahl steel snapping . Sloane yeah. Stahl that doesnt sound good. Sloane yeah, well, there will be smaller bits of steel, but the larger structure will take it. Stahl is there a plan b . Sloane we have plan b and c, but we dont want to get there. Stahl there is cutting up the ship in place, which would be an environmental catastrophe. If all goes according to plan a, the ship will be rotated next summer, towed to a dry dock in sicily and cut up for scrap. There is so much ship, that process will take two years. Welcome to the cbs sports update fed by e trade. Im james brown with the scores from around the nfl today. Houston has won the a. F. C. South. Denver has now won nine straight. Seattle kept pace in the n. F. C. West and pittsburgh loss to dallas puts baltimore into the playoffs. Atlanta improved its n. F. C. Best record at 122, washington is now atop the n. F. C. East. Green bay clinched the n. F. C. North while minnesota remains in contention. For more sports news and information, simply go to cbssports. Com. Ith more . Then dont get nickle and dimed by high cost investments and annoying account fees. At etrade, our free easytouse online tools and experienced Retirement Specialists can help you build a personalized plan. And with our no annual fee iras and a wide range of low cost investments, you can execute the plan you want at a low cost. So meet with us, or go to etrade. Com for a great Retirement Plan with low cost investments. [ male announcer ] tis the season to discover the kid in all of us. Enjoy Free Shipping and great values on your Holiday Shopping from l. L. Bean. That was me. The day i learned i had to start insulin for my type 2 diabetes. Me. 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Safer given the unspeakable horror of the last few days, we thought we might end tonights broadcast with another look at a place of reflection, reflection that goes back centuries the Vatican Library and its vast collection of historic treasures. It was founded over five centuries ago when europe was coming out of the dark ages. It was a period of humanism when the world and, in particular, the Catholic Church was open to new ideas in philosophy, science and individual liberty; a celebration of the human spirit. Its the popes library, but it contains much more than church documents manuscripts going back nearly 2,000 on music, math and exploration; even cookbooks and love letters. A place for scholars only, but a place we can only hope can inspire an end to barbarism. Welcome to the 15th century. In rome, turn a corner and you bump into antiquity, a delicious mixed salad of present and past. We arrived at the vatican to find a medieval costume parade in progress. What better way to begin a trek through history . Timothy janz theres about two million printed books. Safer two million printed books. And inside the library, the past surrounded us again, as we were shown the magnificent building and its riches. Janz this is the urbino bible. Safer for instance, this spectacular bible, commissioned in 1476 by the duke of urbino. Janz . Who wanted to have a very fancy bible. Safer there you go. Janz and this is what he got. Safer Library Curator timothy janz tells us the bible took years to make by hand, letter by letter, picture by picture. Janz decorated with real gold. Safer its just one of the librarys 80,000 handwritten manuscripts from the ages before the printing press. Add to that those two million or so printed books, christian and pagan, sacred and profane, in virtually every language known to man. There are thousands of prints and drawings, windows on the past. And a huge collection of ancient coins this was the money of palestine 2,000 years ago including the kind of silver coins judas was said to have been paid to betray christ. Here is a map of the world, drawn 50 years before columbus; at its edge, the towers of paradise. And an immediate best seller, columbus description of his voyage to the new world, published in 1493. In a certain way, the library is kind of the attic of western civilization. Father Michael Collins its so true. And its like many attics, you know . You put things up all the time. You keep on pushing over boxes to make space for more things. Safer father Michael Collins is an irish priest whos written extensively about the vatican, where the librarys shelves, if you put them end to end, would stretch for 31 miles. Is there anyone, any Single Person who really knows what the library holds . Collins nobody knows exactly whats there, because it will be impossible for the human brain to understand, to remember the titles, who wrote it, when they were written. Monsignor Cesare Pasini it is quite a treasure of humanity that you have here. Safer monsignor Cesare Pasini presides over the library. Its great hall essentially unchanged over the centuries is a picture gallery of antiquity saints, philosophers, and depictions of the great libraries of the prechristian world babylon, athens, alexandria. A shrine to learning and to books. Theres one person who can actually take a book out of the library, correct . Pasini yes, the pope can. Can have every book in the library. Safer if st. Peters basilica represents the splendor of the church writ large, the library nearby is a testament to the monks and scribes who made magnificent miniatures in times past. Here, some devotional music commissioned by pope leo x, and the text of the Christmas Mass used at the altar by alexander vi both manuscripts five centuries old, written on parchment treated animal skin. Christopher celenza you will often see the skin of sheep being used, sometimes goats. Safer christopher celenza, director of the American Academy in rome, is a scholar whos often used the library. He says that writing on parchment was not only tedious, but expensive. Celenza if a monastery wanted to produce a bible that perhaps had 400 pages, it might cost you 400 sheep. Its an investment. Safer beyond the academic work, did you ever just come here to hang out and flip through stuff and see what you might discover . Celenza i think all of us have come here, at one time or another, with the hope of discovering something, having a general direction in which were going, but not quite knowing where well wind up. Safer you might find, as curator Adalbert Roth showed us, drawings of a german jousting tournament in 1481, or an old cookbook, telling us that roman foodies in the fourth century dined on chicken, veal, seafood, pancakes in milk, and whipped pear cake. Janz how to hack away at your enemys wall. Safer . Or, from an 11th century treatise on the art of war, a byzantine soldier brandishing a flame thrower, something the greeks invented 1,500 years earlier. Or henry viiis love letters to anne boleyn. Collins the letters are certainly among the most bizarre and unusual that youd expect to find in the popes archives. Safer there are 17 of them, handwritten by the king of england to the woman he would make the second of his six wives, and later have beheaded. Adalbert roth theres the little heart. Safer henry signs his name with a heart, like a smitten schoolboy. He tells of his fervents of love, his great loneliness without her. Wishing myself, he says, in my sweethearts arms, whose pretty dukkys i trust shortly to kiss, dukkys being a term in henrys day for. Well, use your imagination. What is that doing in the Vatican Library . Collins we dont know how they ended up here in the vatican. It may be that some spy, maybe one of my priestly predecessors, may have stolen these letters and brought them to rome to present in the case if a trial was made for henrys request for a divorce. Safer but the church refused to let henry divorce catherine of aragon so he could marry anne. He married her anyway, broke with rome, and took control of the church of england. The country was largely converted to the protestant faith. Celenza this is one of the moments in the 16th century that leads to the fracturing of christianity, and to much of the bloodshed and the wars that, especially, the later 16th century was known for. Safer as man explored the planet, a scientific revolution was also underway. By the mid17th century, navigators had mapped much of the world in remarkable detail. Roth rio de janiero. Cuzco. Mexico city. Safer galileo turned his eyes and his telescope on the heavens. Here, from 1612, are his drawings of sunspots. For his insistence that the sun is the center of the universe and the earth moves around it, the church branded him a heretic. Collins the pope at that time, pope urban viii, was a very good friend of galileo. Said to him, look, you know, i agree with you. Youre right. But i cant approve of this because im the pope. And if i go against this, it looks as if im going against the bible. And im going to shake to the foundation the belief of the world, and the worlds christians, not just catholics. Safer just 380 years later, in 1992, Pope John Paul ii apologized for the galileo affair. His successor, benedict xvi, has sought middle ground in the centuriesold skirmishes between the church and science. In a recent sermon, he said even the Big Bang Theory of the creation of the universe is not in conflict with faith because gods mind was behind it. This is the tricky, the tricky part. Safer and backstage at the popes library, science is brought to bear on crumbling books, as restoration workers deal with water damage, mold and the ravages of time. It seems endless, this work, yes . Angela nunez gaetan its endless, yes, obviously. Safer Angela Gaetan and the others go inch by inch, patching and strengthening ancient pages, scratching off paste put on by wellmeaning restorers centuries ago paste thats turning acid, eating away at the page. Mario tiburzi seldom reads what hes repairing its too distracting, especially if the writer happens to be michelangelo. Mario tiburzi when i work on the michelangelo papers, it was the same that i work on mickey mouse paper. laughs safer mickey mouse, eh . A difficult job may take months or even years. But consider the result. Gaetan 1,000 years after us, i hope that they can read the same thing that we are reading now. Safer the librarys most valued documents go back almost 2,000 years, nearly to the time of st. Peter, the first pope, whose tomb lies beneath the basilica that bears his name. His letters to the faithful make up two books of the new testament. And here is a copy, written in greek on papyrus by one of peters disciples around the year 200, a mere century or so after his death. Pasini in the beginning, it was the word, and the word was god. Safer and from the same period, the gospel of luke and part of the gospel of john, also written on papyrus, venerated by early christians in egypt, preserved for centuries in a desert monastery. Pasini the bread for today give us. Safer they contain the oldest known copy of the lords prayer, so fragile we were only allowed to see replicas. Pasini that great treasure of papyrus, i think, is the most important treasure of christianity. Safer with our tour nearly over, it seemed as if the librarys collection had come to life in the streets of the eternal city the centurions and crusaders, the centuries of faith and folly, time present and time past. Leaving the library, we thought theres something, something almost magical to be immersed in this place, to breathe the air and touch the hand of history. But we can still help you see your big picture. With the fidelity guided portfolio summary, you choose which accounts to track and use fidelitys analytics to spot trends, gain insights, and figure out what you want to do next. All in one place. Im Meredith Stoddard and i helped create the fidelity guided portfolio summary. Its one more innovative reason serious investors are choosing fidelity. Now get 200 free trades when you open an account. Of washington about the future of medicare and Social Security. Anncr but you deserve Straight Talk about the options on the. Table and what they mean for you and your family. Ancr aarp is cutting through all the political spin. Because for our 37 million members, only one word counts. Get the facts at earnedasay. Org. Lets keep medicare. And Social Security strong for generations to come. Its a morning breeze smooth as black silk. With folgers gourmet selections kcup packs you can turn any day gourmet. New roasts, a new look. Available where you buy groceries. New roasts, a new look. Get to kmart for our deals to get it done 2 day sale this sunday monday. Grab great deals on family outerwear and toys dont miss out at kmart. Secondhand smoke affects everyones health. Its not just irritating. It can cause Heart Disease and even death. Speak up about secondhand smoke. Your health and the health of your family depend on it. Pelley now an update of a story that we called hubble about americas space telescope. It was first reported eight years ago by our late colleague ed bradley. Bradley the images are like nothing ever seen before, as much art as science. Visions of a universe more violent and fantastic than anyone had dared to imagine. Everything from razorsharp views of the planets in our own solar system to the vast, stellar nurseries where stars and planets are born. Pelley in orbit since 1990, the tenton hubbles days are numbered. Astronauts made their final service call in 2009, and it is due to be replaced by a new telescope by 2018. But hubble isnt done. This past week, nasa announced it has uncovered seven previously unknown galaxies formed near the dawn of time, some 13. 7 billion years ago. One astronomer has compared the new hubble ultradeep time exposures to the first ultra sounds of an infant baby pictures of the universe, including one galaxy that formed less than 380 million years after the big bang, its light just arriving at the earth now. With these pictures, nasa says, hubble has reached its technological limits. This is as far back in time and space as the venerable telescope can peer. Im scott pelley. 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