Planned summit with North Korea's leader Kim Jong un is back on for June 12th in Singapore but as N.P.R.'s Michele Kelemen explains he says that will be just the beginning of a process after a highly unusual and lengthy meeting with a top envoy from North Korea President Trump emerged sounding upbeat about the prospects for relations which he says are better than they've been in years but I'm going to go in and sign something and you pull off that we never were we going to start a process and I told him today take it times go fast we'll go slowly Trump says he also told Kim young child who's on a u.s. Sanctions list that he's holding off on any new sanctions to see how things go he says they spoke about North Korea's desire for a peace treaty to formally end the Korean War human rights didn't come up Michele Kelemen n.p.r. News the State Department French President Emanuel McCrone says he has spoken with President Trump and has told him that stiff new tariffs on steel and aluminum are illegal and quote a mistake in a statement today McCrone said he spoke by phone to trump shortly after it was announced the u.s. Would move ahead with 25 percent tariffs on steel and 10 percent tariffs on imported aluminum from the e.u. Canada and Mexico he was asked the World Trade Organization to weigh in in a struggling retaliatory tariffs in coming weeks the administration a sudden be considering a plan that would require operators of the nation's power grid by electricity from struggling coal and nuclear plants as part of an effort to keep them viable if such action were taken by the Energy Department would represent an unprecedented intervention to u.s. Energy markets a draft memo has called for a federal action to stop what it calls for their premature retirements of coal and nuclear plants the u.s. Economy gained a healthy 223000 jobs last month but the report was overshadowed by a tweet from the president today that P.R.'s Chris Arnold explains critics say the president leaked the news of a strong jobs report an hour before it was released the jobs numbers can spark big market moves so their cats. Secret the president was briefed on the numbers on a secure line in an hour before the release tweeted looking forward to seeing the employment numbers which sounded to some like he was letting the cat out of the bag about a strong report almost certainly that's exactly what it was Austin Goolsbee was a top economic adviser in the Obama White House and he says there are rules about not leaking the jobs numbers look if this was anybody else they'd be good and a visit from the f.b.i. Or the whoever the enforcers are of the federal regulation for its part the White House says the president's tweet was Ok because it did not give any details of the report Chris Arnold n.p.r. News the Sean May jobs numbers played well on Wall Street today the Dow was up 201000 points. The Nasdaq rose 112 points today this is an p.r. And from k p c c News I'm Nick Roman with the stories we're covering a tool for voters will decide a number of ballot measures in Tuesday's primary election one of the strangest is Proposition 70 it would amend the state constitution to change the threshold of a single legislative vote that won't happen for 6 years here's Capital Public Radio's Ben Bradford to explain Proposition 70 is the unique result of the deal between Governor Jerry Brown Democratic lawmakers and former Some Republican leader Chad Mays when they struck a compromise last year to extend the state's Climate Change Program cap and trade every year the legislature and governor must divvy up billions of dollars in funds collected through cap and trade Proposition 70 would change that vote from a simple majority to a 2 thirds vote but just once in 2024 basically could allow Republican lawmakers to weigh in on how the funds are being used they could have leverage for instance to end funding for the high speed rail program at state capital I'm going Brevard more ballot info for you with k p c c dot org slash voter game plan service workers employed at the l.a. Unified School District have voted overwhelmingly to ratify a new contract members of Sci local My local $99.00 voted 97 percent in favor of the deal that was reached earlier this month when the union was poised to go out on strike the school boards are expected to vote on the agreement on June 12th l.a. Unified officials say the contract guarantees raises for the 1st year and provides Wade supplements for the 2nd year they could turn into permanent pay raises depending on the district's financial situation the world is next marketplace of $3.00 to $6.00 support for n.p.r. Comes from n.p.r. Stations other contributors include Lumber Liquidators supporting rebuilding efforts in Iran says County Texas which was affected by Hurricane Harvey providing material support and money to help rebuild public schools and the county more at Lumber Liquidators dot com. I'm Marco Werman and this is the world it is Friday thanks for being here it is a strange story to say the least a Russian journalist and well known critic of the Kremlin was not murdered in his apartment in Kiev Ukraine in fact it was all an elaborate hoax how do we know that after reports about the murder of our colleague Bob Janko bounced across the globe complete with photos of him laying face down in a blood soaked shirt Bob Checco showed up for a news conference and he was very much alive if you're confused you're not the only one today in broken silence about what happened here's some of what he had to say speaking through an interpreter when they come to you and they all skew do you want to survive oh do you want to preserve your ethics your morals I chose the option to survive your professional didn't which Sean Walker is the guardian Central and Eastern European Correspondent Sean bring us up to speed where do things stand right now. Well right now we basically have a situation where I think people have fall into 2 camps one camp is you know inclined to trust the Ukrainians and say what however strange the methods were this is fantastic you know the Kremlin is known for killing its enemies abroad finally we've managed to stop this happening and if we're to believe the Ukrainian security services we haven't got a list of the next targets which was supposedly the whole point of this this kind of extraordinary operation was to essentially set up the middleman and to get the next list of targets and then there's another school of course which says well hang on a minute you know we should be wary of intelligence that was the best of times the Ukrainian intelligence service particularly doesn't have a stellar reputation and if we're to believe that this extraordinary hoax fooling diplomats politicians the world's media. Has own friends and colleagues that this man is dead if we're really to believe that this was the only option the Ukrainians had to stop this murder from taking place then we need to see some pretty serious evidence can you help us understand the motive for all this I mean you talked about it briefly there Ukrainian government says they faked the murder of Bob Franken order to prevent an actual murder how would that have even worked. I think that's the question that everyone's asking and you know it particularly because again the details the hazy but going on what we've been told by the Ukrainians the man who was supposed to polar trick he had already been turned by the cranes he'd been hired for this job and he'd gone to the Ukrainian authorities and basically busted the plot so if we take that face value that means that you know this man was not going to kill our colleague Bob Shanker his life was was safe assuming that he could be kept in a safe place for many other assassins So essentially that this whole. Stunts if you like was not about saving his life imminently it was about finding out who had ordered this it was about possibly getting the names of other people on a list so again that already makes it seem a little bit strange what more do we know about this alleged would be assassin who wrote the plot of here. Well I mean there's different bits of information flying about all over the place what we seem to have is 2 levels of this plot uncovered strangely base level say that they were working with Ukrainians and so we have a businessman private military contractors I'm sure they had links to Ukrainian authorities he says he was contacted by an acquaintance in Moscow who's close to the Kremlin about setting up this whole assassination he allegedly contract it. Former monk who was a Ukrainian nationalist to carry out this killing this guy has also said that he worked with you know he was working with the authorities so we've got this sort of confused cast of characters it's unclear who's working for him a businessman a businessman was going to hire a monk to pull the trigger a form of formulas Ok And still it's all kind of wild it is and of course you know I would just emphasize that you know it's. Was an enemy of the Kremlin he was disliked in Russia hated in Russia people called for his death it's perfectly plausible that there was a real plot from Moscow to kill him and we've certainly seen the Russians kill people before so I don't want to completely sort of lost half an hour of this stuff but what we've seen so far doesn't really add up to a convincing case for the prosecution maybe that's going to change in the coming days John Walker is a guardian Central and Eastern European Correspondent Sean will leave it there thank you for your time thank you very much intrigue and deception are very much part of the plotline in the Americans. The finale of the t.v. Series air this week no spoilers here now but a reminder the show is about an American family in the 1980 s. Philip and Elizabeth Jennings live in the d.c. Suburbs with their 2 kids except the couple are actually spaz working undercover as k.g.b. Agents gathering intelligence for the Soviet Union the series touches on many different themes politics and nationalism obviously but it also raises questions about marriage raising kids and what it means to be American We wanted to speak with mushy Kissel and Sam Dorf they are married Marsha immigrated to the u.s. From Ukraine as a kid Sam is American born and they're raising 2 kids in the suburbs of Dayton Ohio and yes they're fans of the Americans. And Sam in Moscow just to be clear you're not also spies right we're not specially not. If you watch the Americans every week from season $1.00 to $6.00 we sort of gauge watched like the 1st and 2nd seasons and then after that we would watch it regularly weekly as it came out and like where how in your living room via this is finally we watch our basement which is secret from my children so. Kind of plants I should say that we have 5 year old twins. And like in the Americans right by the village that's a little Yeah realistic all of that a little bit hide all of their Soviet spy bits here Ian's in the basement and good you know parents we hide the things we don't want our kids to see in our basement as well like the t.v. And the depressing Soviet awful basement So let's dig in a little bit about how you both relate to the show the Americans tell me about your background Moshe where you from I'm from t. Have I am a great in 1909 as part of the Jewish refugee program I was 9 years old at the time and Sam what about your background I know you're American but I'm going to feel like aside from being married to someone from the former Eastern Bloc How have you related to that part of the world yes so I grew up in Brookline Massachusetts and growing up in the late eighty's there was an influx of every group is from the former Soviet bloc that came to our elementary school got a taste of Russian culture and didn't think much of it and then what about my wife in grad school when we were both her Ph D.'s at Northwestern I kind of just fell in love not just with my wife but this child that she had that was so different from us right so let's check out some of the themes of the show now for anyone who has not seen it a quick primer Philip and Elizabeth the main characters. They've both been in America for 20 years Philip has become somewhat Americanize kind of likes it in the States very attracted to the country he's gone a little soft because of that at least in Elizabeth's eyes she's kind of harder she's 100 percent committed to communism to the cause to Russian values and you hear that play out in this scene things are changing back home opening up and it's not just politics it's it's young people it's music since different when you talk about opening a Pizza Hut in Moscow you see the papers. At the Washington Post. You know all this talk perestroika and glasnost the Americans eat it up they want to be just like them I don't want to be like them Marshall do Philip and Elizabeth remind you of people you've known Yeah I mean Elizabeth kind of 100 times made my own mother I mean by her political beliefs certainly but it was a bit has this kind of fatalists streak she's very tough she parents her daughter to be self-sufficient and I don't and yeah I definitely kind of see my own relationship with my mother in the relationship between page and the Lizabeth. So speaking of Elizabeth's kind of approach to American values let's say discussed Here's a scene in which Elizabeth and Philip's daughter Paige has just said Grace before dinner and later that same night Elizabeth is freaking out about it to Philip while sitting in the car on a mission. Values of his kids putting out. Feelers failing to stand up to the distractions of consumerism. To church synagogue and got to talking at all the opiate of the masses as he later to. Let the really tonight you don't say gracious one tree very. Well back to the theme of how do you raise American children what was your reaction to that saying. A couple of different ways I mean I think Sam and I should be discuss that scene we had a couple of different actions when one thing that was funny to me is that I've actually heard that phrase opiate of the masses throughout my childhood and over again that's not just a stereotype that your grandmother would have said yet you know. If you regularly he no longer believed in communism really but it's just my grammar it's so exactly its own grained. But we talked a lot about parenting styles Yeah Russian versus American parenting styles and what we want to take from each one Yes So give us the rundown What do you take from the Russian parenting styles and what do you keep from American parenting styles what I really like about the Russian parenting style is it does focus on self-sufficiency and independence but there's this kind of belief that your children must survive without you know because you don't see the future yes people are very bright There's something about sort of Russian Kuma I like that. And I remember what last night were 1st dating I started to. Need some of her family tried to be expired talking I remember your barber saying like oh you want your joke could you tell me a joke that was not funny it was actually very very tragic like oh. What a sacred like that which there's no. Evidence this is real difference in childhood up breaking when I was a kid. You know full provide Massachusetts there was so much optimism glass half full about the potential of childhood whereas some types in our Russian parenting style there's this fear of giving kids too much hope another thing I've always noticed or we talked about often at the show is the ways in which Philip it was a bit switch when they're talking to Americans and when they're talking to each other when they're talking to Americans they're always smiling their voice has a lot more buoyancy to it right when they're talking to each other they're never spile like this is more fatalistic. Soviet base Well they are spies it's all about code switching much of did you learn anything from the Americans about you know ways of being American that you kind of wish you had cottoned onto earlier in your life. I think you know what Sam mentioned learning that part of being an American is being a lightened boy and not being too serious. And kind of letting things go would have made it I think easier to fit and make friends earlier on I was always kind of. To see reason too intense I think growing up and I think that's a big cultural difference between Russian and American children and teenagers and Sam what about you have you learned anything about being you know maybe Russian or from that part of the Eastern bloc that maybe we could help I don't know understand Matia you know in those times domestic life isn't going so well yeah I think oh well. I think that this show has really reinforced a lot of the narratives that I've heard just through our relationship over the past whatever 12 years there are years on and I hope it's helped you to understand is why I'm such a downer sometimes I have. Not yet reasonably well but I. Think it's going to mush a castle and Sam door for thanks very much great speaking with you thank you so much. We've got another spy story for you later in the show imagine having a dad who's also a covert CIA man but you didn't know it coming up right after the break what's happening with Asian American studies at u.s. Universities you're with the world. P.c.c. Supporters including a 24 presenting 1st Reform interim the writer is Taxi Driver starring Ethan Hawke is a pastor who experienced his a crisis of faith when a young woman asks him to confront her radical environmentalist husband now playing in select theaters and Donna Crawford supporting quality journalism that makes Los Angeles a better place to live. Next time on the New York Radio Hour Senator Marco Rubio says that a trade war with China may not be nearly enough to counter the threat when you put it all together and suddenly the light bulb goes off and you realize this is much deeper than just a conflict with a country this is an all out effort to change the world order that's next time on the New York Radio Hour join us Saturday mornings at 10 on 89.3 p.c. See. I'm Marco Werman And you're listening to the world Asian Americans are the fastest growing group in this country but some Asian American college students don't see that reality reflected at their universities to find out why my w. G.b.h. Colleague Kirk went to visit a small liberal arts college here in Massachusetts. At a cafe near Williams College here in the Berkshires in western Massachusetts students caffeinated themselves and cram for final exams sitting in the back of junior Tyler side in American studies major has something else on his mind as well it's very necessary to have Asian American studies program if only to complete the American studies program that already exists on campus die from California is the son of Taiwanese and Korean immigrants and he leads a group called Asian American students in action it's demanding that Williams recognize an Asian American Studies major but then the next 5 years in April to make its case his group disrupted a student orientation we want to make it clear this movement is something that shouldn't be ignored anymore on this campus agents of Asian Americans make up about 17 percent of the student population but size says they often feel socially and academically marginalized in part because the Williams faculty is only 10 percent Asian or Asian American that's why his group also wants the college to hire more professors who specialize in Asian American studies having legitimization of the Asian American Experience on an institutional level is very important for guiding how we interact with each other as students as people on a daily basis this small campaign at Williams is part of a growing national movement for decades students and faculty across the country have been urging administrators to launch Asian American studies programs but today there are only about 30 and most are at universities in the West and the Asian American population is still heavily concentrated in the West Coast particularly Carol. Fornia Paul want to knob a is a political scientist at the University of Massachusetts Boston which is the only Asian American studies program in the state once the knob a who is Japanese American says traditional and elite colleges like Williams and Harvard should reconsider the value of Asian American studies you can't talk about the immigration history of the United States without talking about the Chinese Exclusion Act You can't talk about issues like World War 2 or even the current so-called war on terror without talking about the links between the World War 2 incarceration of Japanese Americans some scholars also say this goes beyond Asian American studies it's about advancing other programs to African-American studies and Latino studies Suman Penda car is with the race and equity Center at the University of Southern California this to me is part of being a good citizen are we educated about Power Privilege opportunity access Who stories do we know in whose stories do we not know Pender worries that ethnic studies are under threat and points to Arizona where lawmakers recently tried and ultimately failed to ban ethnic studies in a state or Latino and Chicano studies also have a presence that was an overt power play by the legislature. They said they did not want a community to be empowered and at the same time they did not want other people to learn about the Chicano experience at Williams College administrators hear that argument the college does offer black and Latino programs now but they won't commit to creating Asian American Studies dean of faculty Lee Park who is Korean American says creating a new program is complicated Asian American studies isn't the only curricular area that there might be interest from students or faculty in developing but we don't have unlimited resources as for the push here for Williams to diversify its faculty Park says the college is constrained by federal law we can't carry a race based hiring right for any group student activists though feel administrator is have ignored them for too long I think being a person of color at Williams Definitely overall is an experience that is it really paid a lot of attention to we had Jane is a sophomore from San Diego and is Chinese American She's taken a couple of Asian American film and literature courses at William It really helps me not only learn more about my own history but also just. Have like a more holistic view or conceptualization of my position in relation to other communities of color within the u.s. Says an established program at Williams would be deep in her understanding of this part of u.s. History this summer she and other student activists are planning to speak out and urge all night to withhold donations to Williams unless the college commits to an Asian American studies program for the world to Kerk Arraf has a Williamstown Massachusetts. Let's get out of the classroom and catch some live music Challis if you're looking for a hot tip on summer shows here's one you've got to be on the lookout for it's a band from the Democratic Republic of Congo a rock band really they're called Jupiter and all quests. I got. To. Talk to a little. Constantly. As you might finish that book on g. That's Jupiter book on g. The leader of the group is use you look picky so Daniel will some of them sick on holidays and he is as he says the precursor of a new Congolese sound all fucking. This new sounds got a name it's called Rock n roll and Jupiter book on G.'s path to it is a great story but I fit my gun now to conjugate Cossack and my main new Dr system when you get at the gate he says of Jupiter's grandmother he told me recently was a traditional healer in Congo and when Jupiter was a kid she took him to all the funeral ceremonies where her services were required he paid special attention to the hypnotic percussion during those rituals he also watched as his grandmother harvested roots from the forest for treating sick bodies an ailing souls but he really understood nothing of the spiritual world he said Jupiter's father was a diplomat posted in Germany so Jupiter followed him and attended high school there with and that's where he discovered new sounds studied chimps a poem the Jackson 5 he's got a box he beat beat beat Liza the late beat Les that would be the Beatles Yeah totally charming anyway when Jupiter returned to Congo his grandmother had left him a drum in his room some Jupiter started playing it at funerals himself much to his diplomat father's consternation those beats eventually became the rhythm. Make underpinning when Jupiter founded his own band with songs that also echo the sounds he had embraced in Germany even with a few lyrics in German. A. Ph d. In the world the world is my land that's the start of this age typically sounding countless numbers on Jupiter and a quest titled the world Lammy a. Dish on cable. By Spike met me but I need a dog to get there. By Step back in the day and today what is Jupiter's father think about the music the legs and they percussive legacy of Jupiter's grandmother would be sedate and she did not complete Mildred him up at all because of him so I can't be in the beginning my dad didn't understand a lot told me but today he realizes that I was on a mission and because I am a carer parent I got my grandmother's house to seek a just a dumbass and they're going to college and Ok Kentucky my dad knows I am the ambassador of Congolese music so he's happy with. Our little. Little. Area. To reflect new sounds there and Congo's Jupiter and all quests there touring the u.s. And Canada in the summer catch him if he can Let's is the world. Every day k.p.c. In forms and in riches the lives of thousands of listeners you need k.p.c. Fee and we need you to help us produce quality independent journalism to support an hour of programming with a gift of 20 $500.00 go to k.p.c. Dot org slash leadership Hyde's make Roman later on All Things Considered Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau is promising to fight back against u.s. Tariffs are we looking at a trade war we'll hear from both sides of the border today on All Things Considered for occupancies. I'm Marco Werman the growing protests in Nicaragua are putting pressure on President Daniel Ortega and he's definitely feeling the heat the local newspaper had a headline the other day that said Daniel Ortega stands alone and that's true he's lost the streets even lost his own street that story still coming up here on the world. That. Feeds members supported maybe 9.3 k. P.c.c. I'm Nick Roman with stories we're covering at 230 less than a week before the June primary election a new statewide poll finds Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsome solidifying his lead in the race for governor of California reports Scott Shafer says there's also more clarity for 2nd place as he has in every Berkley i.g.s. Poll for the past year Democrat Gavin Newsome leads the field this time with support from 33 percent of likely voters in 2nd with 20 percent Republican businessman John Cox from San Diego lagging behind a former l.a. Mayor Antonio Vieira goes up and g.o.p. Assemblyman Travis Allen Newsome leads in every age group and every region of the state except the south coast where he and Cox are essentially tied even though Cox didn't vote for Donald Trump the president recently endorsed him and Trump continues urging Republicans via Twitter to support him the top 2 finish. As will face off again in November for the California report I'm Scott Shafer House majority leader Kevin McCarthy says he doesn't believe a blue wave will overrun the California congressional seats held by Republicans McCarthy's 23rd district includes Lancastrian Bakersfield there are 10 competitive congressional seats across the state including for an Orange County k p c c News asked McCarthy if he's concerned that vulnerable Republican seats will flip to the Democratic side now because I see the digital see Democrat congressional committee has spent almost $10000000.00 just trying to get a Democrat to move forward into their own seats that shows there is no way that going on through here need to bone up on the candidates and the issues well k.p.c. C. Is here to help just a click away at k p c c dot org slash voter game plan also count on k p c c 4 day long election coverage Tuesday will start at 5 in the morning with Morning Edition continues to All Things Considered then finish up with Larry mantel and Libby Danke been with the results 233 b.b.c. News. Marco Werman And you're with the world work a production of the b.b.c. World Service p.r.i. And w g.b.h. Here in Boston Nicaragua is caught in a deadly standoff protests started 6 weeks ago after President Daniel Ortega is government said it wanted to change the pension system for the elderly university students took to the streets and things got violent pro-government forces attacked the students dozens of protesters ended up dead since then the demonstrations have grown ordinary Nicaraguans have joined the students but human rights groups say that so far about 100 people have been killed as of all that wasn't bad enough negotiations to end the stalemate are stuck we're going to check in with a journalist who was recently in Nicaragua's capital Managua to cover the story. Frances Robles is a reporter with The New York Times So you've been speaking with people who were at an anti-government March in Managua on Wednesday that turned pretty violent you reported that at least 15 people died so what did you hear from the people you spoke with you know they've been doing I would say about once a week they've been having really big marches and this one was supposed to be like the March of all marches it was Mother's Day It was in honor of the women who lost their children in the previous marches everything was great until it wasn't you know like all of a sudden snipers started shooting at protesters and killing them a panic broke out people scrawny and running for their lives quite literally what has the government said about these deaths the government absolutely denies that it had anything to do with it they claim that several national police officers were also shot not killed but shot there's a lot of news manipulation going on there's a lot of fake news going on so like they can have a person standing there with a bullet walls and people will say How do I know that that's really a police officer how do I know that that's really a bullet wound you know so there's a there's a tremendous distrust going on right now but the government wasn't phatic we did not provoke this we did not do this and this is a conspiracy one of the demands that protesters are now making. This is the problem I mean democracy you know that's a demand you know what I don't know how you even start with that and so they want to elections and so what they did have some negotiation sessions and they kind of didn't go anywhere because the government wants there's about there's dozens probably 50 or 60 roadblocks set up all around the country that the protesters have put out and so the government wants that the government's basically saying we're not even going to have a conversation until you take down all these roadblocks and so the other side feels that that's a stalling tactic because really they don't want a new electoral council they don't want a new elections it's an impasse that is getting bloodier by the day so protesters want tomography they want to new electoral commission some companies in Nicaragua have sent a letter to the government also asking for new elections what lawmakers are those businesses intent on changing and what's the significance of the business community actually demanding this the business community making this demands was a really really big deal because Daniel Ortega did a very kind of special form of socialism where he let the rich people continue making their money they made they had a gentlemen's agreement look you continue making your money and they're going to mess with you you don't mess with me so a lot of the protesters feel that this has gone on for 1112 years now because of the complicity of the business sector of the private sector so the fact that the private sector is now also joining forces with the protesters to say you have to go you have to do elections that was a very significant moment the local newspaper had a headline the other day that said then yell or take a stand alone and that's true he has very few he has his little people his team who are in their jobs but he's lost the streets he's even lost his own streets how does this all in for take a Can he survive the thing that's really important to remember is that. When he was president in the 1980 s. And during the civil war there he loses power because he agrees to elections you know I'm sure he has never forgotten that he's never forgotten that in 1990 when he thought that he was so powerful that he could win that you could be president forever but he lost power so I don't see him agreeing to elections I see this ending badly I hope I'm wrong and how is this all affecting people's day to day lives Nicaraguans Oh my goodness it's paralyzes everything I mean there was a day that I was there that thank God I'm a little neurotic about packing granola bars in my purse before I leave because there was nowhere to eat I mean even in my hotel there was no food they you know they called you up at 9 o'clock in the morning and said listen we're not going to have any food today because we're sending all our workers home because it's going to be too dangerous for them to be on the street you know you there might be no buses for days because all the buses are being used to shuttle the government workers to a pro-government protest and so people are stand stranded in the streets waiting for the bus. Francis he used to live in Accra you know a lot of people there you're in touch regularly for your reporting what's it like for you to see Nicaragua go through this kind of crisis it's unprecedented for right you know there are moments that I've been brought to tears you know your I was in a car with a friend of mine and there were people my friend had been on vacation during the week of the protest so she wasn't there so she comes into town and there's people all over the streets and they're waving flags and they're honking and my friend starts to get choked up and crying and I'm alone you know what do you also talk about she was just to me that seeing the people in the street that had reduced her to teares because it was something that 60 days ago was unheard of that people would to a Straight to do and she said people have woken up my country will caught there was a day that there was a lot of looting going on so this neighborhood got out and they they had surrounded their supermarket I rolled down the window and I said to the guy you know what's what's up and the man said we're here defending the students who are here defending the supermarket because the government is not going to come here and loot this store and blame it on those kits so we're here protecting them and these were poor people poor people that would have been not sure very happy to get the free food that was inside that everybody had been stealing from the other stores and it just it was so moving it was really remarkable this is a moment that Nicaragua has not seen in tech 8 Frances Robles with the New York Times thank you thank you for having me Mark I'm. 150 years ago today in 868 the u.s. Government signed a treaty with the Navajo Nation the Navajo people had been forcibly removed from their homeland in Arizona and sent to an internment camp an Easter. Soko with the treaty and $868.00 they got a chance to return and now for the 1st time the actual treaty document is back with the Navajo it's going on public display at the Navajo Nation museum in Window Rock Arizona this next story this next story on the show looks at some of the history leading up to the treaty and what it means for young Navajo people today Here's correspondent Alex Blair 2 years ago Vanessa roan horse was in Taos New Mexico with her husband and they walked by the Kit Carson museum I was like holy cow they would know that a man has been sick who's Kit Carson and I'm like looking at him thinking how do you not know who Kit Carson is but obviously why would he know he was the brave guy who would mark out a path to the west we're going nation the sought after Indian track to follow any trail he was all these things but for the Navajo He's also the devil or as roan horse explains he's the boogie man she grew up hearing about and the reason is because of the long walk the long walk was a huge initiative undertaken by Kit Carson and his team of various military branches to round up as many Navajos as they could and forced them on this walk the long walk was actually some 50 separate marches almost 10000 Navajo traveled as much as 400 miles to reach Fort Sumner in eastern New Mexico or as it's known to the Navajo well day the place of suffering at the Kit Carson museum roan horse looked for this side her side of history but she couldn't find it there wasn't one mention of any relationship contact or history with Native Americans that was completely devoid of the of the story which was just blowing my mind roan horse is no stranger to seeing the disconnect between her Navajo history and mainstream history 25 years ago she left her home on the Navajo Nation. And eventually ended up in Chicago where she met and married her love Blaine a white man here with my son our No I don't. Know who a. Grown horse now lives in Albuquerque not far from where she grew up when our no was born she realized she wanted to go home so that he could have access to his Navajo culture I have a son who is half Navajo half white and he's going to spend the rest of his life trying to make sense on who he is where he belongs and I'm myope as I can instill with him a strong sense of his Navajo family and his culture. Yes What did you do are you wanting a book. Here. For roan horse part of knowing where she comes from includes understanding some really painful parts of u.s. History while the civil war raged on the eastern coast General James Henry Carleton commander of the New Mexico military was tasked with quote solving the Navajo problem and he charged Kit Carson with that mission Kit Carson was known to be sympathetic to native peoples and at 1st he tried to resist the assignment but ultimately he was the one who gave the orders to burn Navajo crops and slaughter Navajo livestock forcing a mass starvation in the end hunger caused an estimated 30 to a half of the Navajo population to surrender. They were then forced to March to Fort Sumner through Navajo oral histories and archival research historians estimate that about $3000.00 Navajos died over the course of 4 years that Fort Sumner That's roughly one out of every 3 captives even if I ancestors didn't go on the long walk we were still affected by it that's unseated Denali she's a Navajo historian with a ph d. From Arizona State we can all trace our lineage back to that time to those people that live the long walk that had to experience the suffering and the hardships that went with it she says the trauma of the long walk runs through the generations banal a worry is for Navajo youth who grew up without knowing about their past and how that impacts their present nobody shares the stories with me and I don't understand why I feel the way I feel I know there's a lot of a lot of pain there and I want to understand it I want to know what happened this is Laura and see to Willie who also introduces herself in Navajo and. Touchy need. She is a student at the nec College located on the Navajo Nation in Sayliyah Arizona she grew up with her grandparents herding sheep and there was a ditch I used to play in and I put my boards across and I put a tire on top and I would jump in the tire and now it's like running around with sticks in my shirt you know like a ninja turtle Well she knew the story of the Ninja Turtles really grew up without her family's story of the long walk we don't talk about issues something you don't talk about it's really it was a painful time the long walk and what happened to our people and why we are the way we are now Willy means the pain that still playing out in various ways in Navajo communities she's had her own share of trauma she was forced to leave her home and go to boarding school with fat she began to lose her language she also lost her younger brother to alcoholism I started doing some research and reading up on like trauma and I started to understand a little bit like. Why I felt the way I felt like. Although I didn't personally experience a lot of things that have happened to our people I feel it now she has to decide what to share with the next generation last night when my daughter had asked me about my childhood I almost didn't want to share it and I was wondering like why why am I doing the same thing you know why am I not sharing stories why am I not talking about it when it comes to the Long Walk The reasons are complicated Williams several generations removed from the event itself she doesn't speak much Navajo anymore and there's a spiritual taboo against speaking of the dead and bad things that happened in the past when the Civil War ended policymakers in Washington finally took a look at what was happening in the southwest there had been numerous complaints about the conditions of the Fort Sumter prison camp and the suffering of the Navajos their General William Tecumseh Sherman traveled to Fort Sumter to see for himself and he gave the Navajo leader Barb an Seato and his people this option go to Oklahoma where so many other tribes had been sent or what was previously unthinkable go home but if you go home you have to change and you have to agree to our rules that's what the Navajo Nation Treaty of 1968 spelled out and so they did the Navajo agreed to the rules and they changed and they got to go home and Willie is trying to understand the impact that has had for 150 years now on our people she started interviewing other Navajos about their awareness of the long walk and whether they know their families relationship to it. And she's begun to talk with her daughter about her own past can introduce has helped me yes hello my name is Patrick and make a house. Living and I really like I want stories and I want to hear some more like Lauren c. To Willie Vanessa roan horse who moved her family from Chicago wants to share her family stories with her son our No she came home to New Mexico so that our new could know his Navajo heritage as easily as he learns his father's European American backgrounds and for a roan horse This is what Navajo people have always done best pulling different pieces of history together she thinks of the Navajo as modern day hackers we find what makes sense we take what we like and we move forward and then it becomes part of our history in our culture for the world Alex Blair Albuquerque. That story was reported and produced in collaboration with Jacqueline Russell a citizen of the Navajo Nation Allison Jacqueline recently led a workshop at dinette college they've been working with Navajo students who are producing their own audio recordings of their communities stories. This is the world support for the world comes from Babble offering a language program that uses interactive dialogue and speech recognition technology to teach a new language like Spanish French or Italian Babel is available in the app store or online at Babble dot com and from Legal Zoom dot com providing public radio listeners and others with ongoing business legal advice through their nationwide network of independent attorneys more information available at Legal Zoom dot com slash world its members supported 89.3 k p c c coming up at 3 o'clock it's marketplace you know the trade news has mostly been about what China sends over here what's. Adding less attention is what China wants to import from the u.s. Marshal canoe oars and innovators that story coming up at 3 on Marketplace we need your help k.p.c. Season the final days of a Kickstarter campaign to revive the beloved local website Las dot com Your contributions will help pay for the local journalists who bring you hard news local politics food culture snapshots of life in l.a. We just passed the halfway point in the Kickstarter campaign and you can help us cross the finish line go to k.p.c. C dot org slash Kickstarter and give generously and again thanks for your help more from the world next on member supported 89.3 k.p.c. C 250. I'm Marco Werman and this is the world we were talking earlier on the show about the finale of the t.v. Series The Americans this week the plot of course being about a seemingly typical American family living in the d.c. Suburbs but it turns out that mom and dad are really undercover Soviet spies our next guest can relate to that experience in real life but with some important differences Lisa and were only zing her 1st name is American She grew up in the 1950 s. And 1960 s. Living in various foreign countries because her father and again this is real life was a covert agent with the CIA But Lisa didn't know that until she was in high school and since then she spent a lot of time analyzing the impact on her and her siblings of having been part of a covert family Lisa welcome to the show when you were growing up what do you think your father did for a living Well I know he worked with radios that was the only thing that I knew pretty much every time we moved locations you know going abroad or coming back to the States there was a different story as kids it was just like your parents are taking care who he goes away in morning he does something radios that was about it but he was a good father and provided you and your siblings with security he did and he told great stories but not about his work right so how old were you when you found out that he had been a covert agent I was in and I think between 10th and 11th grade and I found out because friend I had me when we were overseas had come to spend a weekend and her father was not covert and she said something to one of my siblings and I caught a look between the 2 of them was like what's going on and so later that day my parents who are myself and another one of the younger siblings in and you know 2nd this can't go outside the room this is what your dad has been doing and this is what he does and so that was how I learned what was your reaction to all of that well I was really freaked out for one thing we were listening to the news every night. Right around that time about was going on in Vietnam we had very very contentious discussions around the table because my family like to debate my father and mother like that so I was really opposed to a lot of what I felt he would have been involved in and so now this is the mid sixty's and where were you living at the time we were in the d.c. Suburbs Ok And the biggest thing was that for a period of time I question whether or not my grandparents were my grandparents and I can can explain that well I guess it was sorry I am kind of an emotional person sometimes and this kind of gets to me so they came from a farming community they'd grown up together and I loved visiting you know the grandparents and their houses and their farms and you know and singing uncles who had farms and stuff like that and all of a sudden I thought well is that entire thing a lie and I think you know my father was someone who you would ask a question some who just got oh don't be silly these up I don't remember bringing that to them but if I did my guess is that would be what would be told to me but I harbored I mean for probably over a year year and a half and then at that point I got to see them again and it just seemed like it was I had been really weird but it was just you know to know that your father and mother have been lying to you is very traumatic No I cannot totally understand the emotion of being presented with this reality that there was a deception for all those years in your life I mean when you start to question what else was not true what I remember coming out of that room was the weight that put on me as a teenager who was interacting with people who I guess at the time maybe I was told that my dad was working for the State Department and I think I said that at some party and someone threw something at me because they thought even working with that kind of government agency was horrible so it was it was kind of tough so it shakes your worldview I'm wondering if it was also in some ways cathartic like that suddenly certain memories from your childhood suddenly make sense well I think it really made me understand all the different changes because at the. Time I was told it was striking the unit was very odd that my dad didn't seem to be able to keep a job so in some sense it gave a sense of what I want to say a narrative stability to our lives that wasn't there before we foreseen fractured over here and we're doing that and we're here and he's doing that and now it was like there was something that covered it over and said no the whole time there has been a different narrative you just didn't know what where in the world did your father's job take you in your family so we were in Cyprus for a period of time we came back to states and then we were in Taipei and then in Bangkok then we came back again to states and then his last person was to the Philippines to any degree that you're able to tell us do you know what your father did as a covered agent well in Cyprus I know he did a lot of traveling and what I learned over the years is he was traveling to train a variety of people in a variety of countries and that was kind of home base for him what kind of training communications training your dad is no longer alive erect did you have any chance before he passed to have kind of deeper discussions and how open was he to having those he was not so open to that sort of thing he liked to tell a story after he retired he would tell more stories but he was a private person you know he he kept a lot to himself so I don't know how it affected him you know the eyes of a group of kids see parents differently we were Catholic and I believe that at one point in his life he stopped taking the sacraments some taking communion which was pretty big and it was not explained and then he was doing it again and so I just wonder if there was a time in his life when something really bothered him about his work but I have no way of knowing and I never I never felt comfortable doubting it with him I guess I'd love to know how once you learned about this and the more you kind of started to absorb the information how it changes relationship with your father because I mean covert agents the CIA They're known sometimes. For the unsavory things they do right I don't know how to say this I mean for example we have been in Thailand we came back and someone who I had met in an airport during one of the transit either going to or coming had written an autograph book of mine and that man had been written of his being one of these terrible people and my dad talked about it and said This is ridiculous this is not true there's a part of me that wonders if you really didn't want to believe some of what he knew was going to have her was going on or whether he was just an incredibly little I or you know I loved him and I really kept focusing on he was just working with radios and training I don't want to get all psychoanalytical here but I mean just like step back what was the long term impact kind of that before and after a moment of not knowing him and suddenly knowing and kind of that knowing more on your own life you know I think it led to a certain level of confusion and that probably compounded by the way we were brought up going in and out of other cultures has led me to understand that I have a hard time I move a fair amount and I have a hard time holding on to activities and people that I have seem to have moved on and I don't know whether that's because I don't trust I don't think that's what it is but there's something very potent about being lied to by parents who are loving and who at some intellectual level you go Oh I understand why you had to do that but at a certain point I find myself squirming and being anxious Lisa thanks so much for speaking with us and sharing your story well thank you for asking the questions and for during my answers Lisa at her request we've only used her 1st name grew up with a father who turned out to be a covert agent with the CIA And that's where we leave you this week the world's theme music was composed by Eric Goldberg from The Nana Bill Hemmer studios here w g.b.h. 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