Brown was. There because I grabbed Brad. Over So is it sacrilege to sing along yes I think that's probably inappropriate. That's Ella Fitzgerald I consider any female artist I listen to I in some ways I'm comparing them to Ellen with her perfect phrasing her perfect diction her perfect tone the fact that she goes right to her no doesn't slide past it doesn't do a lot of trouble while she was widely respected for her skills in that regard and considered one of the best vocalists of all time so you don't need to move right on to the next one Ok so then so that's elevate chair not picky lead you said last a lot longer yes Bailey was still on the air when I moved up here she sang with Benny Goodman her career spanned 6 decades pretty amazing Here's one my favorite facts about because she's from North Dakota there's very few people from going to who hail from North Dakota and with a pedia gives us the trade Murray she had a quote trademark sultry per having decided to compete with a noisy crowd with subtlety rather than value Peggy Lee was quite popular in her time and as I say had a longer career than some of the others so. There Some sad. Sad. Love that voice No she is you say this is a jazz singer but I heard her records when I was. Well younger than this. And she was a pop singer she had a pop career I mean a lot of the jazz vocalists gracefully went into pop some of the male vocalist in particular Ray Charles went into r. And b. He was a jazz singer Frank Sinatra you know huge pop career and a lot I didn't know he was suggesting he started with the Dorsey Brothers and others and he started as a jazz singer and he did return to jazz many times during his career but many of them had spans genres I guess is the best way to preserve on had to recording contract one which was essentially jazz and one of whose essential jukebox it's and that was really unusual for the time so to make money you know they would often go over into what were the more popular genres by the sixty's jazz was a niche market compared to what it had been a decade prior Well if you're singing you're singing and and really does it really matter what other people call your song it matters to how well the record sell. Taking only stayed jazz Yaz numbers all her life there are a lot of jazz standards that the you'll recognize and she certainly did them all the way up to the end but she had a lot of records in the sixty's that you would know more info you know Ella Fitzgerald tried to do some pop albums in the sixty's that didn't work she was a jazz singer and she stayed true to that pretty much for the rest of her career and you mentioned Nina Simone and I know her as a folk singer and singing protest songs in the seventy's and stuff like that here's an innocent and then I was Ok I need to yes she was well known for her folk style her very raspy voice very distinctive style but also crossed a lot of genres and if I can find her here we go. On in the sky. You know how. It's a new door into new dancing. It's a new hour of harming you and. For me you Lou. And then feel. You know I. Really mean she. a. Wow powerful voice a lot of blue collar there's a lot I really am love that song of Donny you said that that these things came off of a show that you did correct if we look at the archives. Can we find it not a more I'll do it again I'll probably repeated during the holidays because it is one of my favorite shows it was a show I did voices of women in jazz music shows archive for 2 weeks catered So as of right is falling from the archives but I promise you it's one of my favorite alternate show although I would guess around Christmas you'll hear it again so but if one goes to your k.d. And looks for your show you can subscribe to an r.s.s. Feed certainly can and then it'll be on your computer and even. No it's no longer available in the archives but it's you have it your house also it i Tunes We're on i Tunes to read several of the k d r t shows are registered as podcasts on i Tunes including the Davis Garden Show jazz after dark and a constant grin so from i Tunes can you get more than 2 weeks who shall have to tell me which time it just took so there was another popular singer in the fifty's that people knew then the shoes are part of the Dinah Washington I have a little quote there about you know why she only lived to be 39 and died in 1963 many tops it to her time and she was quoted as the most popular black female recording artist of the fifty's by the allmusic dot com website great website and Dinah Washington was very popular in her time but probably less known today and she had a very distinctive style it's a lot of the jazz singers had to have a sort of a torch style some of them were more Broadway sounding like Pearl Bailey because she was from Broadway others have this you know the very their own unique phrasing like Ella Fitzgerald let's find some Dinah Washington here with Tina nobody's business my own. Not was. Donald was. Let me know. That it isn't this. What I did. Defines it to. In our sun. Running jump to the bottom of the ocean. Let me know I was but a business. Rabbit. Rather than a fire thank you me. Baby I had seen. That you would pull out your crystal and Hugh believe. That they know it is business. If you do. Sell voice and love the guys so I have a problem with Don Well the song is playing we turn off the microphone so we can speak to each other and he starts telling me these wonderful stories and I could go no no no you have to wait till to the mike son you have to tell everybody this so you were saying a river which we started with Ella Fitzgerald which most people know done by another jazz singer who I didn't happen to bring over it was actually written for Ella for a movie she was in that then got cut from the movie so just drop you know no longer her song someone else picked it up Vee is for Vendetta and if you ever watch that movie I don't know 10 years ago 15 years ago it was in that but not by Ella by another jazz singer so another generation knows the song by a different vocalist and then you're calling these jazz standards I'm like oh and nobody's business what I do or a nobody's business if you do take it depends on it depends on which to use and Billie Holiday had a huge hit with that and so a lot of other female vocalists have done it as well and so a jazz standard is what just something that's open for anybody to use well you know these are songs. It will be covered by any number of musicians there's quite a number of body and soul I mean there are well there's probably I found lists of the top 10 the top 20 jazz standards they're all recognizable to even people who aren't jazz fans typically will recognize around midnight you know that's a phony as Monk's song they won't know that but they'll know they'll recognize the opening sounds of Round Midnight and they're often covered because you know good jazz artists want to show their versatility they're covered with what all covered by hits the terms are covered that is to say recorded by another artist covered as 10 it was so when you're singing somebody else's song to say your country when Johnny Cash did hurt that was written by Johnny Cash that was Johnny has doing a cover of the song Hurt by Nirvana I think we're getting out of my realm Ok so. Ok that's it so there's When somebody writes a song do they keep the Do they get to say who gets to sing it they get there they get paid and let me tell you what they don't get to say who gets to sing it they may have control over that to some degree not not after a while but they should still get royalties for a long time just try and put up a You Tube video with some one song on it and get taken down in no time and it was still the rights to so tell me about Dinah Washington now she knows she was in the fifty's and she died young but did she do have mocked or did you just a few of her had lots of hits during the 1950 s. And as they say was one of the most popular singers of her time she also worked with John Coltrane some of the other great jazz artists of the time some of these folks have quite a disc og as we say look and like a pedia you'll see their discography all the records they put out others not so many and we'll come to a couple of those but she had she was quite prolific in her time and very very popular and then regrettably died young and so she was who knows what her career would have been if you lived longer so is she what you would call a typical girl singer the that's an interesting term there the the big bands would have a female vocalist who was an accompaniment. And then they start putting some I'm front and center like Ella Fitzgerald working with Chick Webb's band she be she was the draw not his band so she went and when he died she rented her own band from her own name that was unusual Well those bands went away the record labels couldn't support the war came along they wouldn't support them after they were too many people trying to get money out of the gig too expensive I'm going to continue like Duke Ellington Count Basie with their orchestras for years and years but most of them fell by the wayside so a lot of these female singers and there had been a tradition of these girls singers as we call them then. Going off on their solo vocal careers and that's why there's so someone once said to me Don't ever play male vocalist. Well there were fewer of them a is what it comes down to like kind of like the female vocalists more but there were fewer of the male vocalists who went on and had successful careers as a jazz janitor capable they split off and went to other things that Ray Charles Yeah I have I have a decade of Ray Charles work when he was a jazz musician do you think of Ray Charles as the jazz musician these are and b. He had a top country hit George on my mind he was a you know he was across all genres by the sixty's E.-Book he didn't even look back at Jazz at that point he'd gone on to different things because jazz waned in popularity it was more lucrative to go into other fields there are jazz artists that I enjoyed in the 70s who we would find their next album was very r. And b. Very different style and they were making a whole lot of money but I was no longer interested in them that did happen and trains change them but there's one there's one who stood out for not being a girl singer right and that's and he had got his I Have his sneakers you know. Anita O'Day and he has a quote I admired widely for her sense of rhythm and dynamics and her refusal to submit to typical girl singer stereotypes also she lived to be $87.00 and wrote a frank and candid memoir about her addiction issues and she's considered a West Coast Cool singer and West Coast Cool the genre of jazz epitomized by Dave Brubeck. Paul there's only one of the reasons karate who did all the music for the peanuts specials that's West Coast Cool and she was in that genre with her own unique style she had a inability to do certain types of singing because of and she said because tonsilectomy when she was a child gave her an overbroad Oh yeah and so she had to sing in a particular way she called percussive way this couldn't sustain long notes and so she developed her own unique style she also wouldn't dress in a girly manner she put on what looked like a suit she wore a blazer and a long skirt instead when she was fronting the band she was going to put up with that stuff kind of a trailblazer and I remember her on t.v. Because when she wrote that memoir she was on every show talking about it frankly at a time when substance abuse was not talked about in the way so very interesting woman and very distinctive voice and we find her on my she her she is doing Mack the Knife. Ring. Did. They leave them where. They were why. Just that jack knife. Was smacking. Her neck and he. Lives. Over a shock. With his teeth there. Scott a little bit. Tired to spray. Her Way or smirking. And so there's not. That tray is so I. Was sad. Sad there Manet I. Am not bombing. One of my least favorite songs that she does it well huge hit for Fitzgerald you want to Grammy for it you know why she want to Grammy for it which is an interesting story she forgot the lyrics and she was singing it in Berlin so she made them up and did so spectacularly well she also did a little bit of that scatting where they were singing you know with no note like things and it was a huge hit with the audience and it was a top selling album for her so back to the night for the Grammy for Ella where even though it wasn't the real song it was most of it was but she forgot the lyrics part way through so she just started making things up and the audience loved it knew it very Is this the made up part now that was this idea which you know everyone else decided to cover Yes it's a rather grim song on the cover mag and I have to imagine the best version is by Bobby Darin but there you go but there are some other female singers who just had careers they were hardworking they did some albums they might have had a hit or 2 and then they faded and I run across these periodic Lee I visit a lot of blogs where we talk about jazz and we shared trade information about people so move find a cd that's out of print where you can buy it here spend a lot of money on jazz and we'll find someone that I had never even heard of and that I've been able to play on the radio show and bring to people's attention maybe get them to broaden their taste a little bit in this next one is Ethel Innes I knew almost nothing about Ethel till someone said oh you've really got to check this or that she's alive she's in her eighty's what was my comment about her as she had a career in the fifty's and sixty's then took a hiatus then reemerge in the 1980 s. And then finally had a hit album in 1994 Yeah and so this is this is not uncommon in jazz for them to have been successful in the forty's or fifty's fade out when the Beatles and others came along and rock music took over then put out an album Tony Bennett classic example his career was pretty much over he was doing gigs in Reno and his son said hey there's this new thing called m.t.v. Maybe they'd like to do a video of you and he had a whole other career. He does put out a record this year and Tony Bennett in his ninety's yeah so this is going to have a there are a number of other jazz artists who did that this is Ethel Innes with the classics and I asked it is blue willow by a fallacious. So there are. 3 week. So this war. After swear. 'd we used to. We still has to. Do. In the. Sing. And where. And. Just watch and when we form. That sound is very very mellow her hands are turning reminds me of ever with the purity of tone that So from an album called Lullaby is for losers and plays really users really and it's a very is a very cool album to play late at night and that just amazing tone and you know he wasn't that well known but she did have some hits fortunately you know so. Is that that sound typical of her or is this just happens to be this particular one was sad and slow the whole album is kind of like that well by is for losers but you had others that are more upbeat if you prefer him yeah I've been accused of liking ballads. What about Nina Simone now she's all I know her not as a jazz singer and is she still got that that softening mellow moody thing or is she doing something else as she goes to me she's always been more of a ballad protest singer and I think that's where her career really took off folk music came along and then rock and some some musicians crossed over quite readily from one to another Eva Cassidy is a good example deceased but she had a phenomenal voice and sang in the eighty's and would do rock and then she do jazz and she do blues and they can go back and forth and you might wonder how can they do all these different John is what makes them different well you can hear a lot of blues and jazz I mean there's certainly a woman in the strong co-evolution if you will between the 2 genres and by the seventy's when I was 1st collecting jazz jazz a gun in what they call the direction of fusion where jazz artists like Miles Davis were playing with rock musicians and vice versa and in the opinion of some critics and some of us who were buying it it kind of lost its identity and then back and he's came back and there's all these nostalgic look back periods Dixieland as we know it was a look back at 1920 s. Jazz from the 1940 s. And fifty's it was a you know a nostalgia for that kind of jazz and we do go through this when Marsalis to his credit was quite well known as a jazz musician and also. Arranges in conducts and all that kind of stuff looking back to taking jazz back to its roots and some of them will do that this next one let me see who are already did 9 of no we did not we did we did feel and good you know but you know yeah we did sorry so we're going to are you sure we did I don't I'm sure it was here. They're. Going to have to witness the next one and I think I would joke that added Jones who was a phenomenal voice in 160 suffers from the fact that Etta James is a famous singer who is much better known at a Jones is not to be confused with James and I both both Jess had a James more blues and Jones is definitely jazz and I describe her as a hard working singer who performed from the thirty's until she died in 2000 what I mean decades of records and only one of them sold a 1000000 copies but that's good there's a reasonable in the she always had her following she had a jet she did a long crawl abberation with a saxophone player named Houston person and they were they did a lot of live career there a couple or just they were fun together they were thought to be by everybody but no he she was married to someone else I don't know about him but I know they were there one of these for a long term performing relationship that worked very well and so this is not a James is it a jones they can't take that away from who I like. This is one that gets covered a lot right now working either unless you're one right sorry about that. Oh Don you pushed up the wrong slider. Back up thank you. Start over there because this board that has all these little sliders and wonderful. The way you. Take that away from me. Was. The memory. Knowing. It would. Take that away from me. Take that away. From me. You're listening to 95.7 here in Davis California this is Lois Richter my program is that's life and Today's guest is Dan Schorr and we're talking about jazz and right now you're listening to any Cho. Knowing. Oh wait. That's no way. They can take that away. From me. And that's a very strong strong voice powerful ways yes yeah but that song Is That is the 1st song is it no no that's the jazz standard in almost everybody's covered that one yeah and you know going to who made that one. I love the I don't know Gershon know Cole Porter one of them folks I really. Like that but that Cole Porter was a jazz Well Jeff what artist did music from popular media of the day Cole Porter wrote musicals just they were so they take anything and just turn it into jazz Fitzgerald did a series of albums Ellis sings the song book of in Georgia Gershon and George Ira Gershwin Cole Porter all kinds of them and they were huge hits there and also what is important about them and they're considered part of the great American songbook which you can look up literally under that term and with the pedia of the Great American Songbook these are songs from the mid 20th century and earlier which were part of our cultural shared history and heritage and she did in most cases the definitive version of each one of Cole Porter who was known more as a writer of musicals and such as she did a whole album so one of her best selling ones was called Porter songs you know Don't Fence Me and things like that she did in her own unique Ella style so if you ask is that a jazz song well once she does it it is as the usual answer we give and she did one of them she's did with Duke Ellington himself the songs of Duke Ellington who was a prolific composer as well as musician and that's one of the best where she actually did it with the artist himself and her last one I think was you know beam which was a bossa nova So these are in the course of several years and they're worth finding individually or buying is the collective sat It's to me the epitome of American Americana there that. What I call America so are are these songs still available I mean have they reproduce the the albums the vinyl in C.D.'s or in can you buy em on line there and buy the whole song book series as a box set for the favorite jazz lover in your life yes really yeah wow Yep you can buy him individually off of places like i Tunes as well so the other some of these they get picked up and show up over and over again and it's kind of funny that it was what you might call pop music in the thirty's and forty's became Jeff standards Well they say they'll sample jazz musicians are infinitely adaptable they would say I did a whole album in the sixty's of 160 songs she could do Burt Bacharach really better than anybody else and clean the track I made paper Bacharach palatable to me is so I mean there you go and a lot of other jazz artists would do that they would just pick songs from their other their current bossanova singer who did a light my fire by the doors and I prefer the version that she does considerably more than the doors version have a good one you know today you know that would be another time perhaps this again it's just Ok so the ones we've done that were unfortunately are deceased the innocent still alive in her eighty's but there are modern and surely corn we haven't heard her yes really was is amazing singer who took a hiatus if you will from her career she wasn't thrilled with the Beatles or that in crowd or what the music labels wanted her to do to remain popular I believe the phrase that I copied out there was she was going to retain what was it. You know I think it I met somebody I know you know the bat was. Disturbed by the changes in popular music in the sixty's following the arrival of the Beatles largely rejecting efforts to make her into a popular singer she stated quote I will not stoop to conquer. She was best known for working with some of the most famous jazz musicians of the fifty's and sixty's and Miles Davis in particular deeply admired surely horn there's a pianist who was the honest. Soon after he died she did entire tribute album to Miles Davis which is a challenge because his music was unique and did one of the best versions ever that I think you'll see but what I have here she was a pianist primarily who accompany herself which is itself challenging to do but we have here is the song Come dance with me surely horn. But. Dance with me. Come dance with new blood and even in some. Sicko. Hands something I knew was swinging. Dance with me. Romance with me on a platter flown. By them. Oh what a lovely things I'll be saying. For what is dancing but making love set to music playing. When the band begins to a platter it was. Very sprightly you know I play the piano a little bit nicer. Sometimes I can't really do them both together it's very hard to do because you you're using different sides your brain I think I think what the exact expression was I want to Rangers that is like having 2 heads Yeah and you know things at once anyway that was from 1901 so she came back after this hiatus and start putting out albums again and she still rock unfortunately so now we're going talk about people who are still around people who are actually alive and are producing right now because you know I'm living just letting living legends in this 1st one mandolin Piru started her career busking in Paris you know busking means that mean sitting on the street corner with your guitar case open and people throw money at you and she was singing vintage jazz and old traditional songs and that's how she started she's often compared to her chagrin to Billie Holiday because of the tenor of her voice and the way she sings my Would she not want to be compared to play home base her own person i mean c'mon you know that you'll see when we play her that she has that somewhat breathy and I would describe it as that sort of injured tone that Billie Holiday has this is she would like to share that either probably this is Madeline pay roof who's a contemporary singer. Was soon as you. Saw. This. Case. That. 'd scheme. Says. Shit. Very different but. I thought jazz was American she's not singing English I didn't understand a word is not racist export in my opinion has actually jazz is American it originated in America and it is popular all over the world many jazz musicians have great careers in Europe and the French singing in English or Singing in foreign language you name it singing and you either are in scat most mostly in English but like Louis Armstrong travel the world is America's ambassador of goodwill and many many jazz musicians in the middle of the 20th century particularly African-American chose to go to Europe because they could move around freely and not be hassled and they had some long careers there as well the French in particular adopted jazz and a lot of countries it changed in style you don't hear many accordions with jazz in America but you do in France and so they developed an adapted well that's much as does this it develops an adaption infinitely adaptable Yeah another one that's very popular and has had a number of Grammy awards as d.d. Bridgewater and I heard that name how would I have heard well she played Billie Holiday in the movie that was a by the way that is what I said I did have a nominal performance in that and has won a Grammy awards she's a sixty's in her sixty's so still producing albums and a unique voice and we're going to hear from her now. Or her tribute to Ella they did a tribute album to Ella Fitzgerald Didi Bridgewater doing if you can't sing it you have to swing it. Was. Lol. After that. He said My diff wouldn't have been my home. I'm such. A this month. To. Suit me. And. Sing. C to. Mr. Bieber. Well that is scouting just for the record and l.f. Was famous for it so d.d. Bridgewater was giving a tribute to her Ok Ok Ok Diana Reeves Diana Dianne Reeves and readers is the next one you have up and it says George Clooney that's got well right and 1st I ran into Dianne Reeves in the when I watched the 2005 movie George Clooney produced and directed Goodnight and Good Luck and she did all the vocals on it it was set in the fifty's the return of the era a great movie in its own right but she was shown periodically is the vocalist in a radio station singing the popular songs of the day did a phenomenal performance the soundtrack to that movie is in my opinion worth getting the movie itself is interesting but the soundtrack is phenomenal Dianne Reeves has had a long career she's won she got a Grammy for best sound as you've been a soundtrack for that and has continued to put out an album she's in her sixty's could continue producing great music for quite a while then Reeves has got a powerful voice and she's also crossed John or is it time so she's done some more pop oriented albums but this is a a little by by Diana Reeves So it's a little gentler but it's the low by of Broadway. 'd broad week. Or a. Broad week. Of the subway train. Seat. Where no crawled way to say good night. And moan to. Baghdad. Is don't. Eat. The dawn. Beat. On the way. Leak down. Let's 0 in and. That's a very different voice than most of the other ones I've heard and I was trying to figure out how to describe it each tone is exactly on tone it doesn't our charter for our it's like. It's like plateaus instead of I don't know I think you know it's different it's always like about Ella Fitzgerald the usually described as perfect phrasing that was the term that Frank Sinatra used actually when she died I believe as she had perfect phrasing she would not overshoot a note or undershoot it she wouldn't break it and and bend around to she hit the nail right on something you'll notice if you listen to West Coast cool jazz musicians like Jerry Mulligan Paul Desmond same thing rather than sliding up to a note and overshooting getting more bluesy sound they're perfectly on the note they can do those other things but it's a different style it's what I call a cooler style. Yep. That was heavy and it doesn't vibrate not in that particular song she's capable of that I mean to us we can belt it out the best of them Ok as you can do is you can do the torch songs too just like the others but the Torch Song Broadway song we're really belting it out and that's the one that gets everybody on their feet at the end of the next musician is interesting I mean Andrea Walton over I was in college with and there was a student at u.c. Davis when I was a freshman as well as I would lived in the dorms together didn't see each other for quite a while and then happened that one of the great advantages of Facebook is Iran and you again she's living in Brooklyn working as a jazz singer Miles her own unique style and in my opinion that well I maybe I'm a little biased because I know her but I think it's remarkable I believe there's a quote in here and a day shift artist to flounce a general limitations Yes that was one of her favorite reviews of an album that she put out of $900.00 being a contemporary artist is can be heard around Brooklyn also here she is from the Bay Area and also travels the world and performs so she maybe will get her talk come to homelessness Jim she might be out here one day she grew up and I think Redwood city's or she does come out here this is her doing a version of a she writes a lot of her own songs also does covers of others this is crazy love by Andrea Walker. I can feel like. When I go. Yes. I am in. Yeah you got a fine sense of. When I come to. Take away my turn. Take away my green. Tangle I left my Or. I but. Then the love. Crazy. Well that's a lovely for a piece and I like the music behind it but what's with all the buzzing in there has been configured and I was on the base and one of the problems with playing some of these on the radio is that you get old distortion from the bass I run the same problem with flugelhorn you know that it just distorts Unfortunately I see no harness and I are low I want to high pitch trumpet Oh I should probably play some of those off of vinyl is what it comes down to to get better fidelity Oh so it's the problem with our studio problem with what I'm playing off of which is my phone . Probably vinyl so is Andrea going to be coming up here you can look up you can look at her schedule and any of you other the like that Andrea Warper w o l p r her schedule is on there and she does concerts somewhat east coast mostly comes out of the West Coast occasionally This last one Cassandra Wilson has crossed over all over the place and is she's younger isn't she how old is she well no she's in her sixty's right now. The best selling jazz artist other than Kenny g. Is Dora Jones Norah Jones of the jazz artist Yes she's a jazzer she's sold millions of records she also does country she also does blue shells it does rock she does all that stuff that's how jazz musicians vocalists make a living in particular if they're versatile and skilled I remember a concert that Norah did on late night show with Willie Nelson and someone else you know singing along with them it was phenomenal and it wasn't jazz center Wilson does cross John or she was a lot of blues and country and folk in her music she's won a Grammy awards she did a tribute album to Billie Holiday where she chose to do Billie Holiday's most famous songs but not trying to imitate them is an amazing album and you listen to and go That was the best choice not trying to sound like Billie Holiday which is hard to do but taking those same songs and saying here's how I feel about these songs and making them as they like to say her own that's not where this particular song comes from there's a very familiar Italian song. Called opera singers Oh Soli my own you know that yes indeed I won't sing along. This complaining it's an Italian I just it's another non English song that I don't know what what it means and that's fine and now is she always singing in the town you know if you know she's an American singer and lots of her songs are in English as he does a whole range of things and actually but we're going to for the last song we're going to another version she did of that same song so right before we go there though we still got a little bit of time and I wanted to make sure that people know when your show is so would you tell us when we're time jazz after dark areas Tuesdays at 8 pm on Katie aired he was $95.00 f.m. Low power radio station broadcasting from Davis California is a one hour 2 hours one hour reruns 2 more times maybe 3 during the same week you have to do is go to. Look at the schedule tab and everything's written up there. And this show that we're just recording right now is going to be archived because it's a talk show that's right it's not cool to listen to those snippets as many times as he wants yes we're going to take it out with a sander Wilson doing the same song differently see you'll figure it out by and join us next week Ok for the Davis Garden show at noon and that's life at one. I know. That you know me and saying. I got the phone. Number here saying this is. Not now my reading. When I say I'm Lara. Ready yet. To get back up close up nicely it's a subtle and. Not enough said enough job not Tim best. Friend sky. Divers are. Close enough to. Come back. Some. Time Down say. Let's not you know. Something I'm not that's a. Stud to. Go over the hill saw a lesson in the. Method I. Mean yeah. So let me. Go out. I love I'm not gonna stop saying there should not be. Not the sun. Gilberto now. Must suck me up. It's not drowned. Because of. Some. Fired Ron Terry. From down to. Channel lost the good. Guy finest the. Man live and not I. Said Not bad to. The man the Duchess by the. I'm Ok but if you haven't had your the brink of a town of 8 hardly been very very gallant or. This is such Ali executive director of the media discussion foundation and you are listening to Katie us. C.l.p. In Davis California. Welcome This is Dr Michio Kaku a professor of theoretical physics at the City College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York and this is exploration every week an exploration we discuss the fascinating world of science and its impact on society and today leading our 4 going to summarize Well the big stories of 2018 What were the big stories in science and technology that will affect your life and the lives of your loved ones as well as the future of humanity itself well we'll talk about a number of topics today 1st of all leading off the number one story is climate change the United Nations released a devastating report backed by 90 scientists and $6000.00 period views stating that watch out in the coming decades temperatures could rise one and a half degrees which could set off a chain reaction of Newman's next and then talking about d n a scientists found evidence of early humans 90000 years ago in Siberia which were him bred that is they were a cross between 2 species Neanderthal and the Denis of man's And it's sort of like Lord Of The Rings remember that movie Lord of the Rings where we have an aura and humans we have this zoo this is a mad imagine. We have this menagerie of human species but who are different and just like The Lord Of The Rings some people think that today as we go back into the past with d.n.a. Techniques today's technology allows us to recreate the family tree of humans and we find that there are many more branches than we thought and some of these branches Well interbred with each other 90000 years ago there was a female that was a byproduct of it in this event and a Neanderthal match and so it leads one to believe that well perhaps our family tree is a little bit more in bred then we originally thought and then remember that movie Jurassic Park a lot of scientists pooh poohed it saying that come on give me a break I mean Amber that in cases lifeforms preserved for over 65000000 years come on give me a break Well here's a discovery that was announced snake embryos incased in Amber were tested and they were found to be 105000000 years old I mean people repeat that again snake embryos incased in Amber were found to be a 105000000 years old much older then when.