And emotions. But in developing countries, up to 20 percent of pregnant women are malnourished. One in four children suffers from stunted growth as a result. Thats 165 million. And the inequality doesnt stop there. In developing countries, only 17 percent of children attend preschool. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, but 50 cards in 30 seconds. No, this isnt fast forward mode. Elonis, the teacher, is just incredibly fast. Jade, jared, alphonsus, and sage follow her slightly fascinated, slightly dazed. Theyre all younger than a year old and come once a week with their parents to Brain Training in the heguru centre. The children arent meant to retain whats presented to them here. And how could they . Its much more about expanding the brains capacity with as much stimulation as possible. Focus, because he needs to Pay Attention and be focused in class, to understand and really look through the pictures, and improve his memory. So its something he can profit from in his later life, then. Yeah, definitely, especially during schooling days, working days. This game is also supposed to be useful. Its meant to exercise the eye muscles, so the children will later be able to read more quickly. Lia, yu, and lilika are already little mind champs at least thats what their kindergarten is called. The mindchamps institute says its vision is to build a world of champions, and it targets the singaporean soul. We call it kiasu. We always want to be first. We want our children to be always first, be better than everybody else. Yes . Exploiting that ambition to achieve earns good money. For a preschool place at mindchamps, parents fork out more than 1000 euros a month. The wish to learn has long been the basis of an Industry Worth billions in singapore. There are more than 850 private institutions offering supplementary courses in a country whose state Education System is considered excellent. Courses for Little Geniuses and elite brains are on offer, even for unborn children. The promise is bold stronger brain power and increased intelligence or, even more bluntly, great scholars and future leaders. More and more providers are crowding into this market. The hawk eye enrichment house has invited people to its open day. New rooms, new teachers, new toys. All thats missing are customers. But the director is sure theyll soon flock here. Whats the purpose of this toy . Its a musical instrument. Music appreciation is a major focus here. Arithmetic is another. There are arithmetic courses for children as young as three here. The teacher says at that age, they soak up learning like sponges, so they need input. Samuel is 2, but esther at 4 is almost a late starter by singaporean standards. Probably, but i think we made it a point that we dont really want to send them just because we have to force them to go for classes, but whatever their interest is and if we feel that its useful for them, then well go for it. In the adjoining room, cheyenne is baking a pizza, or actually her father is. Its a game thats meant to stimulate childrens imaginations. They could be playing it at home. Here parents pay the equivalent of 440 euros per quarterly term. Cheyenne is 3, and has been attending similar courses since she was two. Her father is now thinking of making a change. I mean singapore being such a competitive environment, i actually want her to excel in certain areas, indeed academic or music, and just letting her go by the nature of course itself, so this is something that she can become along her way. And does cheyenne like it . Yes . Ambitious parents can be sold more than just educational courses. Theres also Nutritional Supplements ginko, vitamins, omega 3 fatty acids supposedy useful in boosting the brains development. My own children actually take this the dha because when theyre young they cant take the chewable forms, so i take the syrup forms and i can actually see the difference before and after. Hes much sharper, much more focused, he observes things which i dont, and he picks up things which astonish me as well. Even the littlest mindchamps have to be focused. Making snowmen from bread is meant to teach them about geometric shapes, help them practice patience and improve their motor skills. But tagumi has another idea. Now thats truly a clever child anchor while in some countries even babies are showered with education, in other parts of the world children cant go to school at all. In wartorn syria and the neighboring countries, 2. 7 million refugee children have no formal education. Instead of learning to read and write, theyre out earning money. Bilal is 13 years old. He lives with his family in lebanon, where they fled from the war in their home country syria. Every morning at bilal goes to work instead of school. He makes coffee, bakes flat bread and delivers orders. Bilal is helping to feed his family four siblings and his parents. They cant afford school for their children. Bilal says hes like to go to school and become a doctor or and become a doctor. His boss is kind to him. Exploitation isnt the word for whats happening here. Its a way of supporting bilals family, from which he himself, of course, also benefits. I told bilal he shouldnt work. He should be in school. Theres Nothing Better than learning. But he cant, so now at least hes learning something practical. Its better than sitting at home. More and more children of Syrian Refugees have to earn money so their families can have a roof over their heads and food on the table. Bilal proudly shows his brother his weekly pay packet, about 30 euros. Prices in lebanon are comparable to those in germany. Bilals brothers and his cousin are only slightly older than he is, but theyre already working in a car repair shop. Imad is 14 and has four years of work experience. Although he is making money, it is really about survival. In the morning i go to work, then shower, eat, and sleep, every day the same thing. I dont have any friends. In syria, i had friends. So i am not really happy. The number of refugees seems to be overwhelming the international community. Governments arent providing enough money. And u. N. Organizations have reduced their aid. The refugees who initially came with some savings or resources have seen their savings depleted after years in exile. A recent study weve conducted shows that 70 percent of Syrian Refugees in lebanon live below the National Poverty line that is, of only us dollars a day. 3. 80 u. S. Dollars per day. Scenes like this are common after working on farms, refugee children come home to one of the many makeshift refugee camps in lebanon. This woman fled raqqa with her six children. School is out of the question for them as well. The youngest is nine, the eldest 13. Three of them go out to work in the field every day, but even then its barely enough. , we have to. What else can we do . The children go out at six in 6 00 in the morning and come back in the evening, sometimes not until 7 00. We have to survive. There are bizarre moments in the camp. A travelling vegetable vendor announces his presence with the happy birthday melody. Nothing he has is for free, but third rate vegetables are at least cheap. Still, even theyre often too expensive for umm mheidi. I dont have any money unfortunately, but he gives them to me on credit. Ill pay him later, as soon as i can. Heres the account book. Look, its written here. She owes me the equivalent of 200 euros since the fourth of september. The International Rescue committee, an organisation that helps refugees in lebanon, says parents dont send their children off to work lightheartedly. But poverty and misery often leave them no choice. I think the situation became quite desperate this year, which is why you saw a large number of families fleeing to europe, hoping for a better future. Bilal and his brothers have returned from work. Three families pay 900 dollars to rent this flat 22 people. Even though they all earn something, money is still short. Theyre safe, but its not much of a life. The world isnt on our side. Bilal has to work and at the age of ten, his sister cant write a single letter of the alphabet. The youngest Family Member is nine months old. Will she ever get the chance to go to school . The war in syria is destroying the future opportunities of an entire generation. Anchor now its time for global ideas, a series all about people who make it their mission to save biodiversity around the world. Our reporter ruth krause met some fishermen and biologists who really know their stuff on spiny lobsters. There are over 50 different species of spiny lobster, and they help to keep marine life full and flourishing. Ruth was here in the Biosphere Reserve sian kaan, where caribbean spiny lobsters are caught and eaten. But not all of them. These divers know just where to look. Caribbean spiny lobsters prefer to hide in the dark for instance, under casitas, the cement tables the fishermen have sunk to trap them. The fishermen dive up to fifteen meters underwater without oxygen tanks. This method is especially environmentally friendly. Many people enjoy the taste of lobster on their plate, but theres a lot of hard work behind it. I think people should know that. Without oxygen, the divers cant reach spiny lobsters at greater depths. Small animals and eggcarrying females dont end up in the cooking pot either, they go back in the sea. When a female has eggs, she carries them in this part of her body. Theyre these cottony pellets. And if we see she has eggs, we let her go again. That improves our output. Maintaining the numbers of caribbean lobsters at a steady level in the sian kaan Biosphere Reserve benefits both the environment and the fishermen. Biologist kim leycooper from razonatura, a conservation project, is studying how the sustainable trapping method is affecting the ecosystem. They are creepy animals. I didnt necessarily think i would work with lobsters for 10 years of my life, but its been fascinating to understand that they are a crucial part of the sea environment, of the reef environment. Its what fishermen life from and thats what makes it an all round project. Leycooper tags the lobsters with numbers. Its slightly painful but supplies important data. Caribbean lobsters travel long distances, sometimes outside the reserve. If theyre trapped again, the routes can be traced by their numbers and decisions made about where else to protect them. The lobsters provide food for many other marine animals. If theyre doing well, there should be plenty of sharks and rays in the area. With bait and an underwater camera, the biologists see what animals can actually be found here. The ideal thing to see would be sharks, because they are interesting and they are nice and they are part of the chain in which lobsters are. Like nursing sharks are well known to go under the casitas to eat lobsters. So if you see them that would be the indication of a healthy reef and not necessarily impacted by lobster fishery. And the camera really does capture a healthy marine population. The Mesoamerican Reef is more than 1000 kilometres long. Anyone who wants to trap lobsters in the sian kaan Biosphere Reserve has to be a member of the fishing cooperative. Along with six other cooperatives, it dictates the rules and prices. An average sized lobster weighs a kilo. Selling for the equivalent of 12 euros for it. The fishermen can earn a good living. Scientists like kim leycooper have confirmed with their research that the sea here is in good shape and the cooperative has been given a sustainability certificate. Of course you hope that your research does something extra than just sitting on a bookshelf. So that clearly for me is a very good result in general. And the fact that it can be translated into a benefit would make it even better, a direct benefit for the fishermen. Next to the Biosphere Reserve lie the tourist hotspots of the mexican caribbean. The fishing cooperatives market their sustainable lobster in the hotels here under the ecolabel chakay. The head chef at the luxury Rosewood Hotel prefers them to lobster from far away. People come to this region for its natural riches, so the least we can do is respect that. And the chakay lobster is a unique sustainable regional product. The lobsters are fresh and and of high quality. Today the lobsters arent meant for ordinary hotel guests. Kim leycooper has invited the heads of the regions most important conservation organisations to dinner. Its a cunning gambit while they eat the delicacy, he tries to convince them to fund his research in order to expand his project. The larvae of caribbean lobster migrate. To maintain lobster stocks and ensure the future of the ecosystem, they have to be studied and protected in neighboring countries. My biggest dream is that my children can see this amazing environment. Hopefully when they go out they can still go out there and see little lobsters and see little stingrays, manta rays, sharks, and all the beauties that we as this generation can see. That would be the biggest satisfaction. All over the world, inequality breeds violence. In many cases, governments respond to this with more violence. Police brutality against civilians is still a common occurrence. These student protests took place in south africa in october 2015. In russia, political demonstrations are often forcibly brought to an end. Officers also attacked protesters in mexico in 2014. Mexico in 2014. And in the us, Police Violence is on the rise, especially against African Americans. David bates grew up here on chicagos south side, where most residents are African American. One day the doorbell rang at his parents house. Close to Six Police Officers came and knocked on the door and asked to speak to david bates. Mom said hes here, but what do you want with him. They said they wanted to speak with me regarding a criminal case and they will bring me back home. Of course i did not come home for 11 years later. His family is sure david was innocent. The police accused him of being involved in a drug deal. I had been in the Police Station for two days at 18 years of age. I had gone through several sessions of torture, everything from having a plastic bag placed over my head, to being slapped and kicked, called derogatory terms and even threatened with being killed, numerous times. I was encouraged and compelled to tell them whatever they needed to know to get out of that Police Station. Because of his forced confession he was sent to prison. He was released after eleven years and exonerated, but still suffers from the impact of his time in jail. He had a hard time finding a job. And those who he says tortured him remain unpunished. Like many African Americans, he thinks Chicagos Police can get away with almost anything. Another example on this spot, a white Police Officer shot dead laquan mcdonald, a 17yearold African American. The teenager was hit by sixteen bullets, only two of them while he was still standing. Chicago politicians kept this video clip under wraps for 400 days, fearing racial unrest. Anger against the police is growing among these teenage students. What they kill him for, and that made me mad a little bit because he was young and we losing too many young people around here and that is not cool at all. We feel like the Police Another gang though, they aint better than us, they aint protecting nobody. If you are twentyone feet near them, they feel as though it is a threat towards them, but that young male was walking away and that was wrong for them to do that. A few blocks from their school, david meets congressman bobby rush. Hes been campaigning for the rights of black americans for years. Both men hope public pressure on Chicagos Police will increase, and that courts will call officers to account. When will they start being held accountable for their brutality, for their murder, for the way they conduct themselves in African American and hispanic communities, then it will change. Chicago has always had its dangers. It still doesnt have its social problems under control gang crime, police brutality, and poverty among African Americans mark daily life for thousands of families. 31yearold intervention specialist Terrence Smith knows that from firsthand experience. He grew up on the south side, and now works for the build youth program, trying to teach young African Americans not to view the police as their enemies. You have to understand it from both sides that we are afraid as a community, as people and also the officers are afraid to do their job because they dont know what could happen, because every cop is not bad, every cop is not good. Terrence rejects generalizations, including those about Police Officers although last year saw 1500 public complaints about police brutality. He cant change the behavior of Police Officers. So he approaches teenagers, like those in this south side school, where he teaches regularly. Some of the pupils suffer from behavioral disorders being disruptive without noticing it themselves. Terrence and their teachers are trying to help. Pretty much anybody you talk to, they know who i am in this school. My name is mr. Smith terrence. All right. You are looking for me, man. I am looking after for you. We always try to teach them how to behave and be respectful to adults in any situation. But right now, it is just awareness and being aware of your surroundings and what is going on in your community because right now a lot of issues are going on and a lot of things you can stay away from if you choose to and a lot of things you can get into if you choose to as well. So i think the best thing is awareness and the choices that you make that can have an effect on the rest of your life real quick. The pupils like terrence. He speaks their language. Of course, he cant solve all their problems over night. But at least he listens to them and understands them. Anchor thats it from us this week at global 3000. Let us know what you think of the show find us on facebook or write to us at global3000 dw. Com. See you next time [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] [voiceover] this program is made possible in part by the town of marion, historic marion, virginia, home of the Wayne Henderson school of appalachian arts, celebrating 21 years as a certified virginia main street community. The ellis family foundation, general Francis Marion hotel. The historic general Francis Marion hotel and black rooster restaurant and lounge, providing luxurious accommodations and casual fine dining. The bank of marion. The bank of marion, your vision, your community, your bank. Wbrf 98. 1 fm. Bryant label, a proud supporter of our regions musical heritage. cherokee shuffle by Gerald Anderson spencer strickland