Israeli experts have calculated in detail exactly how dozenslories, literally, need to survive. If you look at the sanctions they imposed, i mean, even john kerry condemned them bitterly. Their sadistic. Just enough calories to survive. Noam chomsky for the hour. All of that and more coming up. This is democracy now , democracynow. Org, the war and peace report. Im amy goodman. President obama warning of a lengthy Bombing Campaign in Northern Iraq as u. S. Airstrikes enter a fifth day. Over the weekend, u. S. Warplanes and Drones Attack what the pentagon said were artillery positions in armored trucks along into the militant Group Islamic state near the Kurdish Regional capital. Obama authorize the strike last week in what he called an effort to halt the militant advance on thel, where the u. S. Has u. S. Consulate and military personnel as well as to prevent a massacre of yazidis. On saturday, obama suggested u. S. Bombing campaign could be linked to one. I dont think we will solve this problem in weeks, that is what you mean. Targetings. Trucks the Islamic State from the air, Kurdish Forces were able to retake two towns in Northern Iraq on sunday. The u. S. Has also dropped Emergency Relief Supplies to tens of thousands to those ribbentrop without food or water. The kurdish official says up to 30,000 yazidis were able to cross over into syria before returning to Northern Iraq. In his comments on saturday, president obama emphasized his claim that the u. S. Is launching airstrikes mainly to protect american personnel in erbil. Wherever and whenever u. S. Personnel and facilities are threatened, it is my obligation, my responsibility as commanderinchief to make sure they are protected. And were not moving our embassy any time soon. Were not moving our consulate any time soon. That means given the challenging security environment, were going to maintain vigilance and ensure that our people are safe. President obama made no mention of the oil reserves in the kurdish area of Northern Iraq, which account for about one quarter of iraqs total and some of the largest in the world. Exxon mobil and chevron are among several Oil Companies curly operating in iraqi kurdistan. In his comments, obama renewed u. S. Combateturn forces to iraq. He also kept up his call for iraqi leaders in baghdad to adopt a more inclusive government. As obama called for an end to iraqs political deadlock, tensions in baghdad only grew. On sunday, iraqi Prime Minister said he would file a complaint against iraqi president fuad asum for failing to meet deadline to nominate a new Prime Minister, which maliki said should have come from his political bloc. Maliki also hinted at a plan to run for third term, defying calls for him to step aside for new leader to repair iraqs sectarian divisions. He also reportedly deployed extra units of loyalist troops around key areas of baghdad, fueling speculation he is seeking to avert a potential coup. And what could be the clearest indication to date that the Obama Administration has broken with maliki, the state department issued a state Department Statement sunday saying it fully supports the iraqi president fuad masum. The statement continues as obama engages in new military action in iraq, his former secretary of state Hillary Clinton has publicly criticized him for not intervening in syria. In an interview, clinton called obamas lack of support for Syrian Opposition forces during the early days of the country civil war a failure. A new 72 hour truce in gaza appears to be holding as talks to secure lasting dont resume in cairo. On sunday, nine palestinians died in israeli air strikes part of the start of the new ceasefire. One destroyed the home of the mayor of gaza city. Approachingll is 2000, including at least 400 56 children. 420 5000has at least palestinians remain displaced, nearly one quarter of the population of gaza. About 12,000 homes have been destroyed or severely damaged. The uns has around half the population remains without or with very little running water. And residents in gaza continued to speak out about the israeli attacks that have killed family members and destroyed homes. 19yearold girl and rafah survived an airstrike that killed 13 family members earlier this month. Asleep. Re some are watching television and others were asleep. When i woke up, i was in the ambulance and then they took me to the hospital. That is what i remember. Forayed in the hospital four days. Also in rafah, a resident whose home was destroyed in an airstrike this week and described fling just moments before the attack. When they said we have five minutes to leave, we ran away. They attacked two houses. Mina my brothers houses were destroyed. We are residents. We work all our lives to make a house in them one minute, they destroy it. Israel continues to carry out raids and attacks in the occupied west bank. On sunday, hundred and hundreds gathered for the funeral of a palestinian boy shot dead by forces near hebron. They said it was in response to rockthrowing protesters. Protest continue against the assault on gaza around the world. Tens of thousands of people took part in a global day of action saturday. An estimated 50,000 people in south africa gathered in cape town. Police called it the citys largest rally since the fall of apartheid. In new york city, thousands of people marched in the united nations. Ukrainian forces have wrapped up their offensive operation rebels in eastern city of donetsk. Over the weekend, ukraine launched its heavy shelling of the city today after rejecting a humanitarian ceasefire proposed by the rebels. Hundreds of thousands of people have fled. On sunday, the citys main hospital was hit by shells for the second time in less than a week. Earlier today, rockets reportedly hit a prison in donetsk, taking up the alarm system and allowing more than 100 prisoners to flee. Executive director Human Rights Watch has been denied entry into egypt. Kenneth roth was held for 12 hours at cairos International Airport along with Human Rights Watch middle east director Sarah Leah Whitson before being turned away. They had flown to egypt to mark the First Anniversary of the mass shooting by state forces that killed hundreds of unarmed protesters opposing the overthrow president mohamed morsi. In a post on twitter, roth said protest have broken out near st. Louis, missouri over a Police Shooting that killed an unarmed africanamerican teenager. 18yearold Michael Brown was shot to death in ferguson on saturday afternoon after the conference of by police. The st. Louis county police are claiming brown physically assaulted the officer involved and tried to reach for his weapon inside a police car. Provided anesses sharply different account, with one saying brown was shot with his arms up as he tried to flee the officers fire. And heuad car pulled up said, get the f on the sidewalk. We told the officer we were not permitted and away from our destination and we would surely be out of the street. I witnessed the police chase after the guy. He was unarmed. He ran for his life. They shot him. He put his arms up to let them know he was compliant and he was unarmed. They shot him twice more and he fell to the ground and died. Recently hadown graduated from high school and was due to begin College Courses next week. At the shooting, browns mother spoke about the loss of her son. From son just graduated high school. He didnt bother nobody. The Unidentified Police officer who shot Michael Brown has been put on ministry to believe. Protest immediately erupted after the shooting, with demonstrators marching on the Ferguson Police station. House and crammed the sea thousands of people crammed the streets sunday night. At severalandalism local stores and on vehicles, smashing windows and stealing goods. The st. Louis branch of the naacp is calling on the Justice Department to investigate the killing. And those are some of the headlines. This is democracy now , democracynow. Org, the war and peace report. Im amy goodman. As the new 72 archers in gaza appears to be holding, we turn now to part two of our interview with noam chomsky and the worldrenowned political dissident, linguist, author, has taught for more than 50 years. He is authored over 100 bucks including most recently, gaza in crisis reflections on israels war against the palestinians. I spoke to noam chomsky on thursday. In the middle of the initial 72 hours ceasefire and i started by asking him about u. S. Media coverage of the conflict by playing him a clip from a recent cbs face the nation show with bob schieffer. In the middle east, the Palestinian People find themselves in the grip of a terrorist group that is embarked on a strategy to get its own children killed in order to build sympathy for its cause a strategy that might actually be working, at least in some quarters. Last week i found a quote of many years ago by golda meir, one of israels early leaders, which might have been said yesterday we can forgive the arabs for killing our children, she said, but we can never forgive them for forcing us to kill their children. That was cbs journalist bob schieffer. Noam chomsky, can you respond . Well, we dont really have to listen to cbs, because we can listen directly to the israeli propaganda agencies, which hes quoting. Its a shameful moment for u. S. Media when it insists on being subservient to the grotesque propaganda agencies of a violent, aggressive state. As for the comment itself, the israel comment which he propaganda comment which he quoted, i guess maybe the best comment about that was made by the great israeli journalist amira hass, who just described it as sadism masked as compassion. Thats about the right characterization. I wanted to also ask you about the u. N. s role and the u. S. Visavis, as well, the United States. This is the u. N. High commissioner for human rights, navi pillay, criticizing the u. S. For its role in the israeli assault on gaza. They have not only provided the heavy weaponry, which is now being used by israel in gaza, but theyve also provided almost 1 billion in providing the iron domes to protect israelis from the rocket attacks, but no such protection has been provided to gazans against the shelling. So i am reminding the United States that its a party to International Humanitarian law and human rights law. That was navi pillay, the u. N. High commissioner or human rights. Noam, on friday, this was the point where the death toll for palestinians had exceeded operation cast lead; it had passed 1,400. President obama was in the white house, and he held a news conference. He didnt raise the issue of gaza in the news conference, but he was immediately asked about gaza, and he talked about he reaffirmed the u. S. Support for israel, said that the resupply of ammunition was happening, that the 220 million would be going for an expanded iron dome. Israel has a right to defend itself from rocket attacks that terrorized the israeli people. Theres no country on earth that can be expected to live on a daily barrage of rockets. Theres no country on earth that can be expected to live under a daily barrage of rockets. And im proud that the iron dome system that americans helped israel develop and fund has saved many israeli lives. But then the weekend took place, yet another attack on a u. N. Shelter, on one of the schools where thousands of palestinians had taken refuge, and a number of them were killed, including children. And even the u. S. Then joined with the u. N. In criticizing what israel was doing. Can you talk about what the u. S. Has done and if you really do see a shift right now . Well, lets start with what the u. S. Has done, and continue with the comments with the u. N. Human rights commission. Right at that time, the time of the quote you gave over the radio that you gave before, there was a debate in the Human Rights Commission about whether to have an investigation no action, just an investigation of what had happened in gaza, an investigation of possible violations of human rights. Possible is kind of a joke. It was passed with one negative vote. Guess who. Obama voted against an investigation, while he was giving these polite comments. Thats action. The United States continues to provide, as pillay pointed out, the critical, the decisive support for the atrocities. When whats called israeli jet planes bomb defenseless targets in gaza, thats u. S. Jet planes with israeli pilots. And the same with the hightech munition and so on and so forth. So this is, again, sadism masked as compassion. Those are the actions. What about opinion in the United States . Can you talk about the role that it plays . We saw some certainly remarkable changes. Msnbc had the reporter ayman mohyeldin, who had been at al he had been, together with sherine tadros, in 2008 the only western reporters in gaza covering operation cast lead, tremendous experience in the area. And he was pulled out by msnbc. But because there was a tremendous response against this, with i think what was trending was let ayman report he was then brought back in. So there was a feeling that people wanted to get a sense of what was happening on the ground. There seemed to be some kind of opening. Do you sense a difference in the american population, how the attitude toward whats happening in israel and the occupied territories . Very definitely. Its been happening over some years. There was a kind of a point of inflection that increased after cast lead, which horrified many people, and its happening again now. You can see it everywhere. Take, say, the New York Times. The New York Times devoted a good part of their oped page to a gaza diary a couple of days ago, which was heartrending and eloquent. Theyve had strong opeds condemning extremist israeli policies. Thats new, and it reflects something thats happening in the country. You can see it in polls, especially among young people. If you look at the polling results, the population below 30, roughly, by now has shifted substantially. You can see it on college campuses. I mean, i see it personally. Ive been giving talks on these things for almost 50 years. I used to have police protection, literally, even at my own university. The meetings were broken up violently, you know, enormous protest. Within the past, roughly, decade, thats changed substantially by now that palestinian solidarity is maybe the Biggest Issue on campus. Huge audiences. There isnt even hardly get a hostile question. Thats a tremendous change. Thats strikingly among younger people, but they become older. However, theres something we have to remember about the United States its not a democracy; its a plutocracy. Theres study after study that comes out in mainstream academic Political Science which shows what we all know or ought to know, that political decisions are made by a very small sector of extreme privilege and wealth, concentrated capital. For most of the population, their opinions simply dont matter in the political system. Theyre essentially disenfranchised. I can give the details if you like, but thats basically the story. Now, Public Opinion can make a difference. Even in dictatorships, the public cant be ignored, and in a partially Democratic Society like this, even less so. So, ultimately, this will make a difference. And how long ultimately is, well, thats up to us. Weve seen it before. Take, say, the east timor case, which i mentioned. For 25 years, the United States strongly supported the vicious indonesian invasion and massacre, virtual genocide. It was hngight through 1999ashe ionesian atrocities increas escalated. After dili, the capital city, was practically evacuated after indonesian attacks, the u. S. Was still supporting it. Finally, in midseptember 1999, under considerable international and also domestic pressure, clinton quietly told the indonesian generals, its finished. And they had said theyd never leave. They said, this is our territory. They pulled out within days and allowed a u. N. Peacekeeping force to enter without Indonesian Military resistance. Well, you know, thats a dramatic indication of what can be done. South africa is a more complex case but has similarities, and there are others. Sooner or later, its possible and thats really up to us that domestic pressure will compel the u. S. Government to join the world on this issue, and that will be a decisive change. M. I. T. Professor noam chomsky. After the break, we wi talk , the boycott divestment and sanctions movement. [music break] this is democracy now , democracynow. Org, the war and peace report. Im amy goodman. As we continue our conversation with m. I. T. Professor noam chomsky, the political dissident, linguist, author who is written more than 100 bucks. One of his latest, gaza in crisis. I interviewed him on thursday. Noam, i wanted to ask you about your recent piece for the nation on israelpalestine and bds. You were critical of the effectiveness of the boycott, divestment and sanctions movement. One of the many responses came from yousef munayyer, the executive director of the Jerusalem Fund and its educational program, the palestine center. He wrote, quote, chomskys criticism of bds seems to be that it hasnt changed the power dynamic yet, and thus that it cant. There is no doubt the road ahead is a long one for bds, but there is also no doubt the movement is growing. All other paths toward change, including diplomacy and armed struggle, have so far proved ineffective, and some have imposed significant costs on palestinian life and livelihood. Could you respond . Well, actually, i did respond. You can find it on the nation website. But in brief, far from being critical of bds, i was strongly supportive of it. One of the oddities of whats called the bds movement is that they cant many of the activists just cant see support as support unless it becomes Something Like almost worship repeat the catechism. If you take a look at that article, it very strongly supported these tactics. In fact, i was involved in them and supporting them before the bds Movement Even existed. Theyre the right tactics. But it should be Second Nature to activists and it usually is th you have to ask yourself, when you conduct some tactic, when you pursue it, what the effect is going to be on the victims. You dont pursue a tactic because it makes you feel good. You pursue it because its going you estimate that itll help the victims. And you have to make choices. This goes way back. You know, say, back during the vietnam war, there were debates about whether you should resort to violent tactics, say weathermenstyle tactics. You could understand the motivation people were desperate but the vietnamese were strongly opposed. And many of us, me included, were also opposed, not because the horrors dont justify some strong action, but because the consequences would be harm to the victims. The tactics would increase support for the violence, which in fact is what happened. Those questions arise all the time. Unfortunately, the palestinian solidarity movements have been unusual in their unwillingness to think these things through. That was pointed out recently again by raja shehadeh, the leading figure in lives in ramallah, a longtime supporter, the founder of alhaq, the legal organization, a very significant and powerful figure. He pointed out that the palestinian leadership has tended to focus on what he called absolutes, absolute justice this is the absolute justice that we want and not to Pay Attention to pragmatic policies. Thats been very obvious for decades. It used to drive people like eqbal ahmad, the really committed and knowledgeable militant used to drive him crazy. They just couldnt listen to pragmatic questions, which are what matter for success in a popular movement, a nationalist movement. And the ones who understand that can succeed; the ones who dont understand it cant. If you talk about what choices do you feel that the bds movement, that activists should make . Well, theyre very simple, very clear. In fact, i discussed them in the article. Those actions that have been directed against the occupation have been quite successful, very successful. Most of them dont have anything to do with the bds movement. So take, say, one of the most extreme and most successful is the European Union decision, directive, to block any connection to any institution, governmental or private, that has anything to do with the occupied territories. Thats a pretty strong move. Thats the kind of move that was taken with regard to south africa. Just a couple of months ago, the Presbyterian Church here called for divestment from any Multinational Corporation thats involved in any way in the occupation. And theres been case after case like that. That makes perfect sense. There are also so far, there havent been any sanctions, so bds is a little misleading. Its bd, really. But there could be sanctions. And theres an obvious way to proceed. There has been for years, and has plenty of support. In fact, Amnesty International called for it during the cast lead operations. Thats an arms embargo. For the u. S. To impose an arms embargo, or even to discuss it, would be a major issue, major contribution. Thats the most important of the possible sanctions. And theres a basis for it. U. S. Arms to israel are in violation of u. S. Law, direct violation of u. S. Law. You look at u. S. Foreign assistance law, it bars any military assistance to any one country, unit, whatever, engaged in consistent Human Rights Violations. Well, you know, israels violation of Human Rights Violations is so extreme and consistent that you hardly have to argue about it. That means that u. S. Aid to israel is in military aid, is in direct violation of u. S. Law. And as pillay pointed out before, the u. S. Is a highcontracting party to the geneva conventions, so its violating its own extremely Serious International commitments by not imposing working to impose the geneva conventions. Thats an obligation for the highcontracting parties, like the u. S. And that means to impose to prevent a violation of International Humanitarian law, and certainly not to abet it. So the u. S. Is both in violation of its commitments to International Humanitarian law and also in violation of u. S. Domestic law. And theres some understanding of that. I wanted to get your response, noam, to Nicholas Kristof on the issue of palestinian nonviolence. Writing in the New York Times last month, kristof wrote, quote, palestinian militancy has accomplished nothing but increasing the misery of the Palestinian People. If palestinians instead turned more to huge gandhistyle nonviolence resistance campaigns, the resulting videos would reverberate around the world and palestine would achieve statehood and freedom. Noam chomsky, your response . Well, first of all, thats a total fabrication. Palestinian nonviolence has been going on for a long time, very significant nonviolent actions. I havent seen the reverberations in kristofs columns, for example, or anywhere. I mean, there is among popular movements, but not what hes describing. Theres also a good deal of cynicism in those comments. What he should be doing is preaching nonviolence to the United States, the leading perpetrator of violence in the world. Hasnt been reported here, but an International Poll last December Gallup here and its counterpart in england, the leading polling agencies it was an International Poll of Public Opinion. One of the questions that was asked is which country is the greatest threat to world peace . Guess who was first. Nobody even close. The United States was way in the lead. Far behind was pakistan, and that was probably because mostly of the indian vote. Well, thats what Nicholas Kristof should be commenting on. He should be calling for nonviolence where he is, where we are, where you and i are. That would make a big difference in the world. And, of course, nonviolence in our client states, like israel, where we provide directly the means for the violence, or saudi arabia, extreme, brutal, fundamentalist state, where we send them tens of billions of dollars of military aid, and on and on, in ways that are not discussed. That would make sense. Its easy to preach nonviolence to some victim somewhere, saying, you shouldnt be violent. Well be as violent as we like, but you not be violent. That aside, the recommendation is correct, and in fact its been a recommendation of people dedicated to palestinian rights for many years. Eqbal ahmad, who i mentioned, 40 years you know, his background, he was active in the algerian resistance, a long, long history of both very acute political analysis and direct engagement in third world struggles, he was very close to the plo consistently urged this, as many, many people did, me included. And, in fact, theres been plenty of it. Not enough. But as i say, its very easy to recommend to victims, you be nice guys. Thats cheap. Even if its correct, its cheap. What matters is what we say about ourselves. Are we going to be nice guys . Thats the important thing, particularly when its the United States, the country which, quite rightly, is regarded by the internationally as the leading threat to world peace, and the decisive threat in the israeli case. Noam, Mohammed Suliman, a palestinian human rights worker in gaza, wrote in the Huffington Post during the israeli assault, quote, the reality is that if palestinians stop resisting, israel wont stop occupying, as its leaders repeatedly affirm. The besieged jews of the warsaw ghetto had a motto to live and die in dignity. as i sit in my own besieged ghetto, he writes, i think how palestinians have honored this universal value. We live in dignity and we die in dignity, refusing to accept subjugation. Were tired of war. But i also can no longer tolerate the return to a deeply unjust status quo. I can no longer agree to live in this openair prison. Your response to what Mohammed Suliman wrote . Well, several points again. First, about the warsaw ghetto, theres a very interesting debate going on right now in israel in the hebrew press as to whether the warsaw ghetto uprising was justified. It began with an article, i think by a survivor, who went through many details and argued that the uprising, which was sort of a rogue element, he said, actually seriously endangered the jews of the surviving jews in the ghetto and harmed them. Then came responses, and theres a debate about it. But thats exactly the kind of question you want to ask all the time whats going to be the effect of the action on the victims . Its not a trivial question in the case of the warsaw ghetto. Obviously, maybe the nazis are the extreme in brutality in human history, and you have to surely sympathize and support the ghetto inhabitants and survivors and the victims, of course. But nevertheless, the tactical question arises. This is not open. And it arises here, too, all the time, if youre serious about concern for the victims. But his general point is accurate, and its essentially what i was trying to say before. Israel wants quiet, wants the palestinians to be nice and quiet and nonviolent, the way Nicholas Kristof urges. And then what will israel do . We dont have to guess. Its what they have been doing, and theyll continue, as long as theres no resistance to it. What theyre doing is, briefly, taking over whatever they want, whatever they see as of value in the west bank, leaving palestinians in essentially unviable cantons, pretty much imprisoned; separating the west bank from gaza in violation of the solemn commitments of the oslo accords; keeping gaza under siege and on a diet; meanwhile, incidentally, taking over the Golan Heights, already annexed in violation of explicit Security Council orders; vastly expanding jerusalem way beyond any historical size, annexing it in violation of Security Council orders; huge infrastructure projects, which make it possible for People Living in the nice hills of the west bank to get to tel aviv in a few minutes without seeing any arabs. Thats what theyll continue doing, just as they have been, as long as the United States supports it. Thats the decisive point, and thats what we should be focusing on. Were here. We can do things here. And that happens to be of critical significance in this case. Thats going to be its not the only factor, but its the determinative factor in what the outcome will be. M. I. T. Professor noam chomsky crisis. Of, gaza in stay with us. [music break] this is democracy now , democracynow. Org, the war and peace report. Im amy goodman. We continue our conversation with m. I. T. Professor noam worldrenowned political dissident ending was too is written over 100 bucks including, gaza in crisis. I spoke to him on thursday. I asked him about congress unanimously passing resolutions last month in support of israel. Thats right, because and thats exactly what we have to combat, by organization and action. Take south africa again. It wasnt until the 1980s that congress began to pass sanctions. As i said, reagan vetoed them and then violated them when they were passed over his veto, but at least they were passing them. But thats decades after massive protests were developing around the world. In fact, bdsstyle tactics there was never a bds movement bdsstyle tactics began to be carried out on a popular level in the United States beginning in the late 70s, but really picking up in the 80s. Thats decades after largescale actions of that kind were being taken elsewhere. And ultimately, that had an effect. Well, were not there yet. You have to recall its important to recall that by the Time Congress was passing sanctions against south africa, even the American Business community, which really is decisive at determining policy, had pretty much turned against apartheid. Just wasnt worth it for them. And as i said, the agreement that was finally reached was acceptable to them difference from the israeli case. Were not there now. Right now israel is one of the top recipients of u. S. Investment. Warren buffett, for example, recently bought couple of billion dollars spent on some factory in israel, an installment, and said that this is the best place for investment outside the United States. Intel is setting up its major new generation chip factory there. Military industry is closely linked to israel. All of this is quite different from the south africa case. And we have to work, as itll take a lot of work to get there, but it has to be done. And yet, noam, you say that the analogy between israels occupation of the terrories and apartheid south africa is a dubious one. Why . Many reasons. Take, say, the term apartheid. In the occupied territories, what israel is doing is much worse than apartheid. To call it apartheid is a gift to israel, at least if by apartheid you mean South Africanstyle apartheid. Whats happening in the occupied territories is much worse. Theres a crucial difference. The South African nationalists needed the black population. That was their workforce. With 85 of the workforce of the population, and that was basically their workforce. They needed them. They had to sustain them. The bantustans were horrifying, but south africa did try to sustain them. They didnt put them on a diet. They tried to keep them Strong Enough to do the work that they needed for the country. They tried to get International Support for the bantustans. The israeli relationship to the palestinians in the occupied territories is totally different. They just dont want them. They want them out, or at least in prison. And theyre acting that way. Thats a very striking difference, which means that the apartheid analogy, South African apartheid, to the occupied territories is just a gift to israeli violence. Its much worse than that. If you look inside israel, theres plenty of repression and discrimination. Ive written about it extensively for decades. But its not apartheid. Its bad, but its not apartheid. So the term, i just dont think is applicable. I wanted to get your response to giora eiland, a former Israeli National security adviser. Speaking to the New York Times, eiland said, quote, you cannot win against an effective Guerrilla Organization when on the one hand, you are fighting them, and on the other hand, you continue to supply them with water and food and gas and electricity. Israel should have declared a war against the de facto state of gaza, and if there is misery and starvation in gaza, it might lead the other side to make such hard decisions. Noam chomsky, if you could respond to this . Thats basically the debate within the israeli top political echelon should we follow Dov Weissglass position of maintaining them on a diet of bare survival, so you make sure children dont get chocolate bars, but you allow them to have, say, cheerios in the morning . Should we actually, noam, can you explain that, because when youve talked about it before, it sort of sounds this diet sounds like a metaphor. But can you explain what you meant when you said actual diet . Like, youre talking number of calories. Youre actually talking about whether kids can have chocolate . Israel has israeli experts have calculated in detail exactly how many calories, literally, gazans need to survive. And if you look at the sanctions that they impose, theyre grotesque. I mean, even john kerry condemned them bitterly. Theyre sadistic. Just enough calories to survive. And, of course, it is partly metaphoric, because it means just enough material coming in through the tunnels so that they dont totally die. Israel restricts medicines, but you have to allow a little trickle in. When i was there right before the november 2012 assault, visited the khan younis hospital, and the director showed us that theres they dont even have simple medicines, but they have something. And the same is true with all aspects of it. Keep them on a diet, literally. And the reason is very simple, and they pretty much said it if they die, its not going to look good for israel. We may claim that were not the occupying power, but the rest of the world doesnt agree. Even the United States doesnt agree. We are the occupying power. And if we kill off the population under occupation, not going to look good. Its not the 19th century, when, as the u. S. Expanded over whats its national territory, it pretty much exterminated the indigenous population. Well, by 19th centurys imperial standards, that was unproblematic. This is a little different today. You cant exterminate the population in the territories that you occupy. Thats the dovish position, weissglas. The hawkish position is eiland, which you quoted lets just kill them off. And who do you think is going to prevail, as i speak to you in the midst of this ceasefire . The weissglas position will prevail, because israel just you know, its already becoming an International Pariah and internationally hated. If it went on to pursue eilands recommendations, even the United States wouldnt be able to support it. You know, interestingly, while the arab countries, most of them, have not spoken out strongly against what israel has done in gaza, latin american countries, one after another, from brazil to venezuela to bolivia, have. A number of them have recalled their ambassadors to israel. I believe bolivian president evo morales called israel a terrorist state. Can you talk about latin america and its relationship with israel . Yeah, just remember the arab countries means the arab dictators, our friends. It doesnt mean the arab populations, our enemies. But what you said about latin america is very significant. Not long ago, latin america was what was called the backyard they did whatever we said. In strategic planning, very little was said about latin america, because they were under our domination. If we dont like something that happens, we install a military dictatorship or carry back huge massacres and so on. But basically they do what we say. Last 10 or 15 years, thats changed. And its a historic change. For the first time in 500 years, since the conquistadors, latin america is moving toward degree of independence of imperial domination and also a degree of integration, which is critically important. And what you just described is one striking example of it. In the entire world, as far as i know, only a few latin american countries have taken an honorable position on this issue brazil, chile, peru, ecuador, el salvador have withdrawn ambassadors in protest. They join bolivia and venezuela, which had done it even earlier in reaction to other atrocities. Thats unique. And its not the only example. There was a very striking example, i guess maybe a year or so ago. The open Society Forum did a study of support for rendition. Rendition, of course, is the most extreme form of torture. What you do is take people, people you dont like, and you send them to your favorite dictatorship so theyll be tortured. Grotesque. That was the cia program of extraordinary rendition. The study was who took part in it . Well, of course, the middle east dictatorships did you know, syria, assad, mubarak and others because thats where you sent them to be tortured gaddafi. They took part. Europe, almost all of it participated. England, sweden, other countries permitted, abetted the transfer of prisoners to torture chambers to be grotesquely tortured. In fact, if you look over the world, there was only really one exception the latin american countries refused to participate. Now, that is pretty remarkable, for one thing, because it shows their independence. But for another, while they were under u. S. Control, they were the torture center of the world not long ago, a couple of decades ago. Thats a real change. And by now, if you look at hemispheric conferences, the United States and canada are isolated. The last major hemispheric conference couldnt come to a consensus decision on the major issues, because the u. S. And canada didnt agree with the rest of the hemisphere. The major issues were admission of cuba into the hemispheric system and steps towards decriminalization of drugs. Thats a terrible burden on the latin americans. The problem lies in the United States. And the latin american countries, even the rightwing ones, want to free themselves of that. U. S. And canada wouldnt go along. These are very significant changes in world affairs. I wanted to turn to charlie rose interviewing the hamas leader Khaled Meshaal. This was in july. Meshaal called for an end to israels occupation of gaza. This is not a prerequisite. Life is not a prerequisite. Life is a right for our people in palestine. Since 2006, when the world refused the outcomes of the elections, our people actually lived under the siege of eight years. This is a collective punishment. We need to lift the siege. We have to have a port. We have to have an airport. This is the first message. The second message in order to stop the bloodletting, we need to look at the underlying causes. We need to look at the occupation. We need to stop the occupation. Netanyahu doesnt take heed of our rights. And mr. Kerry, months ago, tried to find a window through the negotiations in order to meet our target to live without occupation, to reach our state. Netanyahu has killed our hope or killed our dream, and he killed the american initiative. That is the hamas leader, Khaled Meshaal. In these last few minutes we have left, noam chomsky, talk about the demands of hamas and what Khaled Meshaal just said. Well, he was basically reiterating what he and Ismail Haniyeh and other hamas spokespersons have been saying for a long time. In fact, if you go back to 1988, when hamas was formed, even before they became a functioning organization, their leadership, Sheikh Yassin who was assassinated by israel others, offered settlement proposals, which were turned down. And it remains pretty much the same. Uite overt. Takes effort to fail to see it. You can read it in the washington post. What they propose is they accept the International Consensus on a twostate settlement. They say, yes, lets have a twostate settlement on the international border. They do not they say they dont go on to say, well recognize israel, but they say, yes, lets have a twostate settlement and a very long truce, maybe 50 years. And then well see what happens. Well, thats been their proposal all along. Thats far more forthcoming than any proposal in israel. But thats not the way its presented here. What you read is, all theyre interested in is destruction of israel. What you hear is bob schieffers type of repetition of the most vulgar israeli propaganda. But that has been their position. Its not that theyre nice people like, i wouldnt vote for them but that is their position. 6 billion of damage in gaza right now. About 1,900 palestinians are dead, not clear actually how many, as the rubble hasnt all been dug out at this point. Half a million refugees. Youve got Something Like 180,000 in the schools, the shelters. And what does that mean for schools, because theyre supposed to be starting in a few weeks, when the palestinians are living in these schools, makeshift shelters . So, what is the reality on the ground that happens now, as these negotiations take place in egypt . Well, there is a kind of a slogan thats been used for years israel destroys, gazans rebuild, europe pays. Itll probably be Something Like that until the next episode of mowing the lawn. And what will happen unless u. S. Policy changes, whats very likely to happen is that israel will continue with the policies it has been executing. No reason for them to stop, from their point of view. And its what i said take what you want in the west bank, integrate it into israel, leave the palestinians there in unviable cantons, separate it from gaza, keep gaza on that diet, under siege and, of course, control, keep the west Golan Heights and try to develop a greater israel. This is not for security reasons, incidentally. Thats been understood by the israeli leadership for decades. Back around 1970, i suppose, ezer weizman, later the general, air force general, later president , pointed out, correctly, that taking over the territories does not improve our security situation in fact, probably makes it worse but, he said, it allows israel to live at the scale and with the quality that we now enjoy. In other words, we can be a rich, powerful, expansionist country. But you hear repeatedly, hamas has in its charter a call for the destruction of israel. And how do you guarantee that these thousands of rockets that threaten the people of israel dont continue . Very simple. First of all, Hamas Charter means practically nothing. The only people who Pay Attention to it are israeli propagandists, who love it. It was a charter put together by a small group of people under siege, under attack in 1988. And its essentially meaningless. There are charters that mean something, but theyre not talked about. So, for example, the Electoral Program of israels governing party, likud, states explicitly that there can never be a palestinian state west of the jordan river. And they not only state it in their charter, thats a call for the destruction of palestine, explicit call for it. And they dont only have it in their charter, you know, their Electoral Program, but they implement it. Thats quite different from the Hamas Charter. M. I. T. Professor noam chomsky, worldrenowned political dissident, linguist and author. Gaza inatest looks, crisis. I82 viewed him thursday. I interviewed him on thursday. This was part two of our conversation. For part one, go to democracynow. Org. Democracy now is looking for feedback from people who appreciate the closed captioning. Email your comments to outreach democracynow. Org or mail them to democracy now p. O. Box 693 new york, new york 10013. [captioning made possible by democracy now ] music playing were here at fleur, and im standing in front of one of our ice cream makers, which is a real professional ice cream maker, and theres Nothing Better than homemade ice cream. Why . Because its so creamy, so tasty. Once youre getting it out, you can see how the ice cream really comes out. Its a totally different experience, and today we have some fairly inexpensive ice cream makers, so i really encourage you to make your own ice cream or frozen dessert right at home. I have a great recipe for a delicious chocolate sorbet along with a surprise technique for making White Chocolate cups to serve it in. Then well make a fruity raspberry frozen yogurt served in easy to make chocolate meringue shells, and just wait until you see how we freeze our ice cream come with me in the kitchen. Lets get going