The English Premier League football player Mesut Ozil has been deceived by fake news in his criticism of Beijing's policy of detaining Muslims in the north western region of Jang it led to Chinese state television to pull a live match featuring his team Arsenal the u.n. Says there is credible evidence that approximately 1000000 ethnic Muslim leaders have been held in reeducation camps. China's president Xi Jinping has expressed strong support for the Hong Kong police and urged them to uphold the law he's been meeting Hong Kong's Leader Kerry Lamb who's making her annual visit to Beijing fierce anti-government protest in Hong Kong or into their 7th month Robyn Brandt reports despite a sweeping defeat in local elections despite a failure to envy increasingly violent protests that have at times crippled parts of Hong Kong and despite opinion polls suggesting her support is at a pitiful level Kerry Lam still has the backing of the most important person to Hong Kong Chinese President Xi Jinping told her she had shown courage the central government fully affirmed her work he said and he added that he continued to support her and the police here in governing and are holding the law the American envoy to North Korea has dismissed an end of year deadline set by Pyongyang for us concessions to secure a peace deal from Sol Here's more because the u.s. Envoy to North Korea Steven begin spoke directly to Pyongyang during a press conference install it's time for those to do our jobs he said his trip fuel speculation that he might try to salvage negotiations with Pyongyang which has voted to take a new path if Washington doesn't soften it stands before the end of the year but Mr Begin dismissed the North Korean deadline he also said it would be most unhelpful if North Korea carried out major weapons tests in the coming weeks this is the world news from the b.b.c. Anti-government protesters in the Lebanese capital Beirut are going clashed with the security forces protesters threw bottles and fireworks of police officers who responded with tear gas and water cannon the protests came a day after dozens of people were injured in some of the worst violence since the demonstrations began 2 months ago. A trial involving one of the Philippines most prominent journalists has restarted today in Manila Maria Ressa the co-founder of the news website Rappler is accused of defaming a businessman and of tax evasion she says the charges are politically motivated and aimed at shutting down the website which is critical of President were to go to Tatay outside the court said the trial would not put a stop to her work as a journalist it is why I never had this cool was in 2018 and a little over a year we had 11 cases filed against us I face a maximum penalty of 63 years in jail for doing the exact same thing I've been doing for more than 30 years I'm not going to stop doing what I'm doing a fresh round of talks will begin today to try to restore devolved government in Northern Ireland the lost power sharing a been a strain collapsed nearly 3 years ago due to a dispute between Shin Fein which wants a united Ireland and the Democratic Unionists who favor remaining part of the United Kingdom more than $100.00 newly elected conservative M.P.'s will be arriving in London today at the start of a busy week following Boris Johnson's emphatic election victory will be welcomed by Mr Johnson who will also carry out a minor reshuffle to fill cabinet vacances the American company whole Mark has apologized for withdrawing a t.v. Advert that featured a same sex wedding hallmarks cable network pulled the ads which showed 2 brides kissing after complaints from a conservative lobby group but the decision drew a deluge of criticism hallmarks chief executive Mike Perry said he was sorry for any hurt caused and the decision hadn't been in keeping with the company's slogan when you care enough to send the very best b.b.c. News. Hello this is Dan Damon with world update from the b.b.c. In London and thanks for listening to us in our program today a rare interview with one of the men who started Russia's president on his path to power will try to answer the question what or who comes after put in that's in about 30 minutes time 1st talks between the United States and the Taliban in Afghanistan are said by the u.s. Negotiator Zalmay Khalilzad to be poorest at the moment following an attack on the background airbase that killed 2 Afghan civilians and injured 70 more the Afghan government's been trying to get face to face negotiations with the Taliban but fighting between the 2 sides still rages in parts of the country one such area is compass a province just to the north of the capital Kabul a school that finds itself near the front line in the fighting with pupils and teachers having to run the gauntlet of bombs and bullets the B.B.C.'s traffic has this exclusive report. The start of the day after Christmas Monaghan secondary school district but it's no ordinary bell it's actually an empty shell from a tank dating from the servant intervention in Afghanistan in the 1980 s. Under schools 1200 pupils aged 7 to 19 and its teachers lead no ordinary lives. Before the lessons begin each day the army will have a base next door driving the Humvee vehicle into the school yard to protect the staff and pupils while dissing the national. That's because the school is sitting close to the front line between the Taliban and the Afghan government forces. It's a boys' school and in this conservative area many girls don't go to school and those who do good too just to schools which are a bit further away from the fighting but still not completely safe number for the boys then. There is a boy. An English lesson at the school but even when the students are in the classrooms they are not safe the walls are marked with bullet holes and shrapnel damage with the Taliban firing rockets at the government troops who respond with tank fire. The head teacher is Mohammad a huge Sufi they were given to live with our students come here from across the area and while no one targets them on purpose they do get caught in the crossfire over the last 20 years around 50 students and 12 teachers have been killed or injured. Heidi think they are what they need. Wherever I look I see dangers and explosions oh god so many funerals wherever I look I see graveyards I'm lost as we keep dying of burning flame of my juvenile heart tell me who will die today you know I knew him had the. Year 11 pupils yarmulke Anish wrote this poem after one of his friends was killed by a stray bullet I was. Able to him in the middle of our friend brought him he was killed it was a very painful moment when we began hating everything about the school and decided not to come here any more but our parents and siblings purser waited us to come back Miles father is behind me to the other side of down the one. Despite all the dangers I send my son to school so that he studies and gains and education and I Chief something because my generation have been deprived of knowledge and culture I don't want my son to suffer the same fate several of the animals classmates including yours Mohammad live and the Taliban side of the front line that you know a lot of. The Taliban when I leave my house in the morning I 1st greet the Taliban then when I cross to the government side I greet the soldiers sometimes they start fighting each other and we get caught in the crossfire. Both valid ban in government competence send their children to the school but their boys face each other in a much more peaceful where on the cricket field that's traffic reporting from Afghanistan. Well in Westminster in London today more than 100 new Conservative M.P.'s will be addressed by Boris Johnson and he's going to thank them for being part of the crushing of what was called Labor's red wall of seats those traditionally Labor working class seats which voted to leave the e.u. In 2016 and voted Conservative last Thursday to make sure the u.k. Does leave and soon but that presents another problem the Scottish National Party will be taking their seats to they won $48.00 of the seats the $59.00 seats in Scotland and they have one thing on their mind that independence for Scotland leader Nicholas spoke to the b.b.c. Yesterday if the union if the United Kingdom is to continue then can only be by can St And if Boris Johnson is Cornford in the case for the union then he should be confident enough to make that case and allowed people to decide because Scotland cannot be imprisoned within the United Kingdom against its Well let's speak to Gina Davidson deputy political editor at The Scotsman newspaper thanks for being with us live from just outside Edinburgh What's been the response of Boris Johnson. Well Boris Johnson has been very emphatic and useful and he had a conversation with Nicholas towards an order returns are encrypts he reacts routine to stance which was no there will be no 2nd independence referendum. As you can imagine that has not gone down well with the s.n.p. Who are there during the government in Scotland and they are stepping up their their fight. And when that happens next year they have said already last week or so to me saying that they were going to produce a dossier center and retrieve the Democratic case they have a mandate there for a 2nd and. To be held as far as I am aware sending some number 2 pencils are Mr Johnson. Actually respond and. His union for exactly why that didn't happen so we're in the process a few weeks. And you can see what the Scottish National Party's case is because on the buses I think that we're travelling around Scotland joining the election campaign particularly the last few days conservatives paid for slogans 48 hours to save the union vote Conservative to stop the 2nd referendum Well the people did vote and they didn't vote that way did the Conservatives lost seats the Scottish National Party increased number absolutely the same slow 7 M.P.'s. Just by 3 percent once you notice in that event our news of the voting system. And p. 48. And 2015 when they had 50. 9 M.P.'s and there's been some percent. However you know are those who are typical of this and point to the fact that they're still around 40 percent which is about the same levels of vote for independence in 2014 and possibly has said it also points this in peace campaign was run very much on stopping on its own and number 10 and nothing to do with independents and so therefore they asked people to lend them their vote to you know stop or exit and I think a lot remain or possibly or that are not in their own support and pendants of course is another matter can the Parliament can it go it alone and call a referendum anyway. There's a there's nothing. Referendums bill which is simply gone up here have been pressing to parliament that will finally be on Thursday I believe and once that's in place for any future referendums like us. Trains of London on any matter of course there is no genius because they want sex and sex and one such place I mean there is actually nothing to stop them but of course a couple of those. Coming as a reference and you might also find people who are not keen on it and take part in it so then. The result and much in question and just very briefly Jane other let me just say one word Catalonia I mean are we. In this hopefully no one think we want to see what's happening happened and that's when it happened in Scotland I don't think Scottish government or. A monitor I think we've been very clear that I think that's right 14 and 2nd was the gold standard I think should be conducted and I think that's why they are going to apply the pressure and. They have a mandate and it will continue to organise in peace and 2014 summer horror you know it's kind of another independence and and how it's all done and about. Thank you Gina Davidson from the Scotsman Well let's go to North Korea the u.s. Envoy to that country is in South Korea he wants to discuss ways to stop the tension rising between North Korea and Washington Stephen begun but just hours after North Korea said it had conducted another successful rocket engine test and speaking in so earlier today Mr Begin had a blunt message for the North's leader Kim Jong un let me speak directly to our counterparts in North Korea. It is time for us to do our jobs. Let's get this done. We are here and you know how to reach us Stephen. Is our correspondent in Seoul just paint the picture for us where are we in these talks or not talks. Yeah no talks I think it's where we are if you have the u.s. Envoy to North Korea coming to Korea and making an appeal to his counterpart from Seoul to a t.v. Camera then it's obvious that very few communications are getting through between Pyongyang and Washington and it may be we may be that this is the only way to Mr Bacon can really get his message across he is here he says he is willing to talk it's almost a plea to North Korea to get back to the negotiating table especially as Pyongyang in recent weeks seem to be ratcheting up the pressure you mentioned that static rocket engine test Well certainly analysts believe that it could be perhaps for an intercontinental ballistic missile these are these long range missiles capable of reaching the United States or it could be for a soft light that certainly something we're keeping an eye on bought North Korea has warned that it would have a Christmas gift for the United States if Washington failed to change its calculation now I understand from conversations I've had with Certainly there was within Washington that there has been a movement towards trying to kind of restructure the deal that was offered in Hanoi when Donald Trump met Kim Jong un in February however they're not getting any response from the North Koreans and it may well be that this plea from Seoul today is the only way they feel that they can get the message across more thank you of course the question of sanctions would have to be part of that deal and so far as we know and as long as reported on many occasions the United States is not going to lift the sanctions at least not in any way that is significant enough for the North to respond Laura because so much more from her on this story throughout the day as it develops You're listening to World update from London. Coming up later on our program 20 years of let me put into leadership we've got a rare interview with one of those people who back in 1999 helped put Mr Putin in power you know sort of let me tell Mr Short I want to control I noticed immediately put in fantastic ability and he was excellent at formulating and expressing ideas he was a brilliant deputy Yeltsin and I talked a lot about who might succeed him at one point we discussed Putin he's a strong candidate I said you should consider him and we'll speak to a former u.k. Ambassador to Moscow about what lot of important might do next that's coming here on World update top stories fresh protests by students across India have broken out against a new citizenship bill which critics say discriminates against Muslims we'll hear from their 2 later on our program and Beijing says the Arsenal football player. Has been deceived by fake news when he reported on Muslim weekers in China you're listening to the b.b.c. From London this is Dan Damon with world update in the Philippines today the trial of Maria Ressa has restarted she is co-founder of the news website the Rappler critical of President the specific charges against her concerning reports 7 years ago I think alleging ties between a top businessman and a top judge at the time let's speak to Maria Ressa now rests on our other you were Time magazine's Person of the year last year so we're very pleased to be able to talk to you but you could end up in jail for how many years. On this particular charge Dan it's a maximum of 12 years in prison but $28000.00 was a landmark year for me that only was 5 percent of the year the government the Philippine government also chose to file 11 cases in a little over a year and all those cases collectively could mean a jail sentence of up to 63 years well I think and about what would be. Borne down upon by that but you seem to be remarkably resilient the this case actually was rejected Wasn't it originally the case this defamation against the businessman of one court rejected that so how is it the reason again. It was actually the the National Bureau of Investigations own lawyers that recommended that it be dismissed the legal of it was over turd by the head of the National Do your investigation of that the case was filed against us by the Department of Justice so but also beyond this case you know there are the legal acrobatics to bring us to court on this beyond this or this is really testing the cyber libel law in the Philippines it's problematic because it sets presidents the longer it goes on trial. So what do you think will be the outcome as I say you use some pretty chip of a somebody who might spend the rest their life in jail so I don't think you're expecting that. You know it's been an incredible 3 years as a journalist in the Philippines I think we just continue doing stories and we continue fighting these charges and this particular want to get I always try to focus Filipinos on what's at stake for them it's not press freedom is a very difficult concept right why would why should anyone care about press freedom especially here in the Philippines where we worry about food on the daily basis but the problem here is that the 2 major. Really groundbreaking parts of this cases the the cyber libel now has been the period of prescription when someone can file a case against you in the in the penal code it's a one year prescriptive period and now it's been expanded to 12 years that's the 1st and then the 2nd one is a very problematic idea of continuous publication that when you publish something by that you're publishing it every day I mean again these ideas need to be challenged and the fact that they have been accepted to allow the case to be filed to allow me to be charged on this that and Rappler is groundbreaking. Maria we're going to speak to Maria Ressa who is co-founder of that news website rapper and currently having to go back to court to face those charges of defamation You're listening to World update from London well if you want to judge the importance of press freedom then our next report may help you b.b.c. Africa I has uncovered and it legal network that goes women to India from Africa where they are then forced into prostitution to satisfy the demands of many African men living in New Delhi The women are mostly from Kenya Uganda Nigeria Tanzania and Rwanda they have their passports confiscated and their movements are restricted by their brothel madams until they've paid off an inflated fee for their travel to India one woman Grace who was trafficked from Kenya agreed to go undercover for b.b.c. Africa I the Asha kind has more on her ordeal. Some days I'm missing I'm a musician and I've done so and I'm an actress I want to become famous and have a good life. Kraze so opposed in a friend's whatsapp group offering work in India hearing that good money I read carefully I decided Ok. But when she arrived in New Delhi Grace began to realise she was trapped in a night to me. To be what. She was taken to a brothel and had her pa's been confiscated by a woman called Goldie who had paid for Grace's travel to India Goldie told Grace that she now owed almost $4000.00 u.s. Dollars. More than 7 times the actual cost of a ticket to India. There was only one way to pay the debt. That is. Just where good dress when you go have sex with you well who is going to. Prostitution for me something that I had seen an extra away was very telling for in my clothes was telling gold and me let it be the last thing I'd ever want to do in my life. For 5 months grace lived in this room with 4 other trafficked women in very windy times with me we grew friends in the house where you go to watch out. Grey's agreed to wear a hidden camera and take us inside the brutal world of an African Indian sex ring. The women were turned out to solicit men in local pickup bars known as kitchens. These are illegal clubs said to cater for the many African men who live and work in New Delhi The 1st day I went there I hear you know and I saw. So many go out so many girls and what you do is you sit down and in Amman has to come in truce we identified at least 15 kitchens in south Delhi with squalls of African women who are forced to sell their bodies. Gray's pointed out the man who she knew as being at the heart of the sex trade and her area rules. His name is Eddie. You. Know you want to move Yes yes all during our investigation he offered to help Grace import a woman from Kenya to work under her Grace pretended to be interested or else the process of being a. I don't know if you. All she dug out into it it was enough of a business for his removal since he was forced to move this fields this is how the network grows women pay off their debts as sex workers and then with no other employment options start operating as madams. With the evidence gathered by grace we confronted Eddie any. Hi How are you good my name is dash. I'm from b.b.c. Africa I really have evidence against you and we want to talk to you about the sex trade that you are involved in and yes the surgery that you are involved in the country everything we do we have a right here this is a right to be applying for you to come and respond to b.b.c. . We look forward to hearing your response. We contacted Eddie I needed 3 times he denied trafficking any women from Kenya to India Goldie gave no response to allegations of trafficking and brothel keeping Africa I held graves to return to Kenya where she is now rebuilding her life. With her report for Africa you're listening to World update from the. Distribution of the b.b.c. World Service in the United States is made possible by American Public Media producer and distributor of award winning public radio content engaging audiences creating meaningful experiences and fostering conversations a.p.m. American Public Media with support from Progressive Insurance protecting small businesses with specialized coverages for commercial vehicles more at progressive commercial dot com. 2020 is almost here and Democrats are getting set for another debate over he issues like health care I do think it is appropriate to acknowledge that taxes will go up and who can beat President Trump and if you think a woman can't hear Donald Trump Nancy Pelosi does it every single day I'm Michel Martin join us for a live special coverage of the p.b.s. News Hour political Democratic debate from n.p.r. News Thursday the 19th of. This is what updates with Damon coming up the latest on the protests in India against a controversial citizenship law 20 years since a lot of men put in took power what comes next in Russia there is a story of the team I have found a way to overcome the constitutional ban on a further period in power and we'll hear from a surgeon dealing with the devastating effects of burns of the type caused by the volcano eruption in New Zealand 1st the news. They've seen news with Jonathan Izod student protests have broken out across India after police broke into the campus of a prestigious Delhi University to end unrest over a controversial citizenship law students at universities from India's northeast its west coast city of Mumbai and the South solidarity with students of the Giambi Amelia University in Delhi who accuse the police of using excessive force China's foreign ministry says the English Premier League football player Mesut Ozil had been deceived by fake news when he criticized Beijing's policy of detaining Muslims in the north western region of Shin Jang. A Turkish German Arsenal player raised the issue on social media leading Chinese state television to pull a live match featuring his team. The Chinese president Xi Jinping as expressed strong support for the Hong Kong police and urged them to uphold the law he made the comments at a meeting with Hong Kong's Leader Kerry Lamb who's making her annual visit to Beijing the Chinese premier league told Muslims she must end the violence and chaos caused by anti-government protests the u.s. Envoy to North Korea has dismissed and of year deadline set by Pyongyang for American concessions to secure a peace deal Stephen bigan who is visiting South Korea said Washington had no deadline only a goal and the door remained open to an agreement the trial involving one of the Philippines most prominent journalists has restarted in Manila Maria Ressa the co-founder of the news website Rappler is accused of defaming a businessman fresh talks begin today to try to reason to restore devolved government in Northern Ireland the last power sharing administration collapsed nearly 3 years ago due to a dispute between Shin Fein which wants united Ireland and the Democratic Unionist to favor remaining part of the u.k. . The American company hall mark has apologized for withdrawing a t.v. Advert that featured a same sex wedding with 2 brides kissing or Mark pulled the ad after complaints from a conservative lobby group but the decision drew a deluge of criticism b.b.c. News. Hello this is Dan Damon with world update from the b.b.c. In London protests against India's new citizenship lore have spread to several cities across the country protesters say the law is discriminatory against Muslims and will have a negative effect on tribes in border areas dozens of students have been released early after overnight on arrest at a university there it is reported the 6 people have died during the days of protests we can speak to some of the Rajan South Asia editor who's in Delhi What's the latest. There are some unprecedented protests in many Indian universities across the country from the north to the south even the central part of India showing solidarity with Ajami a 1000000 in a versity students here in the capital Delhi who held a massive protest rally on Sunday afternoon and the police say that a group of people who they say not students they damaged the buses they set fire to some fire engines there and damaged public property and that triggered that action they used to battens and tear gas to disperse that particular crowd but what the university official said was the police force their way into the university camp campus and they used to tear gas and battens and many students were injured Archy's 50 students were injured in that police action but the police denied using any excessive force and they said they were only trying to bring the situation under control in fact the 6 police officers were injured now this incident has triggered angry reaction from students in other universities in Delhi in the neighboring states and north of produce even asked as far as the down south in the timing and in Quetta Lovette people have been protesting against the citizenship law and the same time in the northeast of India where the citizenship law will have an impact because what it sees is religious minorities particularly the Hindus Christians but these Janes and the Sikhs they can come to India and I get access to citizenship if they are religiously persecuted in these 3 countries the Muslims have been excluded that distributed anger among many activists and also the minority communities here in India and just briefly. Is it just Muslims who are protesting. Not only Muslims it is a people from all the other communities it is a nationwide general protest for example people investing gold they have been protesting but what we see that for the 1st time you see a sizable number of Muslims coming out and joining these protests you know they're showing their anger against this controversial law and medicine at the Rajan South Asia editor in Delhi thank you how can it be that in developing countries money attrition and obesity are linked where new research published in The Lancet medical journal says there is a link basically said traditional high starch foods are being replaced with Western style junk food more than one in 3 low and middle income countries face both obesity and under-nutrition according to the research I spoke to one of the report's authors She's Dr Korean Hawks She's director of food policy from City University in London I asked her how can developing countries have people suffering from both obesity and malnourishment is because of their diets so what we see is children consuming a lot of starchy staples such as white rice but inadequate nutrients so they gain enough energy from that but then not having enough nutrients but that often the mother is all consuming too much energy so that the child is stunted from not having enough nutrients and the mother is consuming too much energy from from the start she Staples combined with junk food coming into those countries which don't add nutritional body but do add calories and how is that happening that the traditional food from the street all of that people with low incomes would be consuming is being replaced by junk food can we blame marketers for we can blame the fact that companies based large multinationals and smaller local companies are wanting to sell their stuff and these foods a very slight very convenient they're sold on the street as Selden safer markets they sold in small stores and as precious. On people's lives become only ever increasing in terms of the length of hours that people have to work these foods become foods of choice because of the pressures on people's lives but I should really say very clearly that what's happened is that these foods have moved center stage and taken the starlight off of more nutritious foods and the policy response that is required is not an individual response it's all about moving the spotlight off of these unhealthy junk foods and onto more nutritious foods as well as taking the spotlight off the start she staples and onto nutritious foods or feed systems have been designed to do 2 things provide starchy staples and provide junk food and we need to reorient the whole food system so that nutritious food to play center stage can you give us a specific society or country where this is happening and how the food economy has changed Sure well a particularly large country where this is a severe problem is Indonesia and that country has a free policy which supports the production of rice it also has a relatively open economy in which the growth of junk food has been allowed to happen and it also has a great deal of palm oil which is a result of domestic production and investment in palm oil which increases energy density so the combination has been a lethal combination and what's wrong with rice because you know there are people in some parts of the world will be very glad to get hold of rice as being a good food I mean in North Korea you know people struggle to get rice it's seen as a luxury Absolutely it's important that people have enough food but it's not enough if people only rice they're not getting the nutrients they need to grow and develop and be healthy so we absolutely need to have they start the Staples a fundamental part of a healthy diet but if the diet is dominated by those staples it's simply not enough they need fleets vegetables small amounts of animal protein. And whole grains and legumes impulses to make what is a really healthy diet that will help children be healthy for when they are children and when they are older as well are those fruits and vegetables are they priced out because they're expensive to produce or is a can is it a thing that traditions of changed as a combination the reality is that fruits and vegetables a much more expensive per calorie than the starch staples all the vegetables or indeed often the junk food sale I would like so much in trouble I would like to guess that Indonesia has a climate and a soil is pretty fertile you can grow a lot of fruit in Indonesia so why doesn't that feed into the population what happens is that people are always thinking about how to allocate resources in their households and fruits and vegetables are just often not prioritized when they're trying to spend their money on out trying to think about how to spend their money and all the other things that they need to spend money on so they're not seen as adding enough Valley for that family as Dr Carina Hawks director of Food Policy at City University in London. Russia is fundamentally an offer Tarion state ruled by one man and that's been the way it's been for the past 20 years it was in December 1909 that Russian President Boris Yeltsin made the decision to resign and wanting a young successor former k.g.b. Officer Vladimir Putin Mr Putin has held the top job either as president or prime minister ever since Steve Rosenberg our Moscow correspondent has been looking back at the 20 years and ahead to the ensuring appeal of the strongman in Russia. When the Russian president is sworn into office the ceremony takes place in the throne home a bizarre spot in the Kremlin It makes the leader look like a monarch anointed by God. But 20 years ago Lemmy Putin wasn't sent from the heavens he was picked by his predecessor Boris Yeltsin and his inner circle if they backed someone else Russia may have developed in a different direction but they chose Putin so why him. For guardianship. Valentino you must have played a key role in betting me Putin becoming president of Russia he rarely gives interviews but he's agreed to meet me and tell his story Mr You must have was one of Boris Yeltsin's most trusted aides he went on to marry Yeltsin's daughter and as Yeltsin's chief of staff in 1997 he hired Putin to be his deputy me until Mr Shaw. I noticed immediately put in fantastic ability and he was excellent at formulating and expressing ideas he was a brilliant deputy Yeltsin and I talked a lot about who might succeed him at one point we discussed Putin has a strong candidate I said you should consider him President Yeltsin did and he backed Putin to be his successor He's next decision was to step down 6 months early the plan was top secret Yeltsin didn't even tell his wife he was resigning he asked Mr You must have to write the resignation speech which he recorded on New Year's Eve 1999 in the Kremlin. Or cars are all. The more full of the Seer hooked up resourceful everyone in the room was shocked except me of course who'd written the speech people burst into tears it was an emotional moment but it was important that the news didn't leak out before the official announcement in 4 hours time so all the Kremlin stuff in that room were locked in the weren't allowed to leave. I took the tape and drove to the t.v. Center the speech was broadcast that made that I knew there was a sewer there or not going near like nice resume Putin delivered his 1st t.v. Address as acting president and wished Russians a happy new millennium slowing vehicle. 3 months later putrid one of the election by the time he delivered his next 2 years address he replaced Russia's national anthem with the old Soviet melody. Be a. 20 years on that image Putin is still in power. Of claims that he and Yeltsin believe that Putin was a liberal a Democrat but over the last 2 decades President Putin has turned Russia into an into Krajcik state with fewer democratic rights and freedoms so does Misty you must have regrets ever hiring that image Putin. In a story of the off the most are no regrets he says after all Putin still enjoys a high approval rating but he makes it clear that Boris Yeltsin's resignation should serve as a lesson to all Russian presidents and the lesson is no one is the more of them that it is very important to step down and to make way for younger people for Yeltsin this was incredibly important but is it for Putin that will become clear by 2024 when the current president is constitutionally applied to leave office will he look for some way of staying on or will Vladimir Putin after a quarter of a century in power leave Russia's political stage for good. Steve Rosenberg posing that question which we can put someone who knows Russia very well said Tony Brenton was the British ambassador to Russia until 2008 thanks so much indeed for being a wethers so tourney What's your guess what will happen in 2024. It's very difficult question my guess is that Putin will find himself some lofty finding jobs in the system which means that he can retain some control but he will hand over most of the routine business of being president which is frankly very bored by invisibly by to someone else who will actually compress the bill is a pure guess nobody knows the problem for Putin is that he's very cautious man and he's very conscious as he looks around the world of past presidents even it up in jail and he said you know going to let that happen to him. Is with the president a better us I was under looking to form some kind of a sort of supranational Federation or whatever it was because. Of which then Bellamy put in could as you say be sort of moved up stairs but exactly so and lots of people are looking at these talks precisely as a as a maneuver of that sort but it remains to be seen with we're still a long way off and while bits of Russia and a lot of the West a slightly consumed by the 2024 question antigens still has quite a long way to run as as president and the dominant political factor in Russia. And the men I'm across the president France says that have to be new ways of thinking about put in and Russia because support from Russia with things like fighting terrorism cyber crime and so on need negotiation but of course the sticking point is Russia's actions in Ukraine so how do you see that unfolding Well that's exactly right and we the West when Putin arrived Putin was actually rather pro western and talked for example about joining NATO very quickly was disabused he viewed the West as humiliating us as intervening in places which which would be damaging to Russian security and so on he went often in his own direction which is the Rosenberg said includes moving towards Great All-Star terrorism in in Russia it's important to understand that all of this has had the support of the vast majority of the Russian people is a very big gap between Putin as seen by his own people and Putin as presented in most of the Western media but. As as Putin has emerged as this this core of aura Tarion figure So Russia has prospered in many ways and he has to his has reached the conclusion is to stand up to the west and oppose the West when he sees the west as we having an acceptable as he says are being done in Ukraine without war in Kosovo and so on and therefore Ticky following what happened in Ukraine relations have collapsed to the work worst level actually than they were in the latter stages of the Cold War and this is bad news for the world in fact because whether we like it or not and whether we like Putin or not Russia is a major factor in Wolf as and when the West cannot afford to carry on doing what we're trying to do at the moment which is simply ignore it and president is absolutely right to say they're important matters we need to be discussing with Russia nuclear weapons and sizes either here or here is the terrorism and if you start doing that then that makes open the way for improved relations in other areas as well. So does that mean concessions on sanctions for example those coming we want to get a few seconds for you to answer very complicated question. Who does the prospect of or ending sanctions in the near future because we're so angry about Ukraine in song that The brutal fact about sanctions is that they have been completely ineffective the Russian economy isn't doing brilliantly but nor is it collapsing and they're just poisoning the atmosphere between us and Russia which badly needs improvement attorney thank you very much indeed that's attorney Brenton British ambassador to Russia formally and giving us very useful advice on how to think about the future of ultimate put in and his Russia this is wild update from London. Let me give you the headlines from the newsroom just now fresh protests by students across India have broken out against a new citizenship bill which critics say discriminates against Muslims and Beijing says the Arsenal football player Messel Mesut Ozil has been deceived by fake news when he criticized the reported mass incarceration of Muslim week as those other headlines an international pro-choice group has launched a support helpline for women in Poland the abortion support network will help Polish women get advice on abortion pills for example and how to travel for an abortion and will fund travel for those women who can't afford it Mara Clark is the founder of the abortions support network I asked What is the law currently in Poland Poland is the largest country in Europe which still has a very very very restrictive abortion law technically the law allows for abortion in cases of pregnancy from sex crime or fatal fetal abnormalities but in order to get an abortion in the 1st case you need a certificate from the prosecutor and in order to get an abortion in the 2nd case you need to find a doctor who will 1st of all be honest with you about the severity of the abnormality and 2nd of all who is willing to perform an abortion obviously you can't name names but could you tell us about some case so cases that have aroused the campaigning that you're not part of so for instance we've heard from a number of couples with pregnancies diagnosed with catastrophic fetal abnormalities and they have found doctors who basically misled them to delay them so they got further and further into pregnancy which makes it even harder to obtain an abortion abroad also women with children who don't want more children women who don't feel ready right now to have a child with the lobbying the way it is or that the legal situation or the provision situation it means that those with money have the ability to travel and get an abortion. And those without money don't the situation you describe to those with money can travel that reflects what was the situation until relatively recently in Northern Ireland How has that changed because women in Northern Ireland could get abortions but they had to to travel elsewhere what's happened now that the laws changed the law has changed in Northern Ireland but provision hasn't there's still no legal provision of abortion in Northern Ireland what did happen was in the summer of 2017 the Westminster said that people in Northern Ireland could come to England and get abortions for free but they do still need to travel and you know the fact of the matter is if you have 5 children it's not very easy for you to travel to England to get what should be a 5 minute outpatient procedure of course Mara Poland is a Catholic country and it is one of the most Catholic countries still in Europe and those women will be going to church quite often on a Sunday and the priest will always tell them abortion is a sin is a venal said so how would you campaign there or how would you help there whether or not people believe abortion is is bad or a sinner is going to send them to hell they're still getting them I mean in an Irish context 12 women a day were coming to England that we knew of and Poland is what 7 times the size of Ireland so everybody's like nobody I know has had an abortion one statistic wait that's just not true next time somebody is out with a group of a few girlfriends at least one of them will have had an abortion how does your organization help how will it help in Poland a helpline was launched that's open 7 days a week from 8 in the morning until 8 in the afternoon somebody decides that what they want is an abortion then that person will be signposted to one of the abortion without borders groups who will be able to help her either access safe pills from the internet or travel either to Germany or hall. And or England I'm with you from that place that we fund it yeah is there a danger in this for your activists I find for the most part in a year in Europe anyway that most of the anti abortion crowd like to stick to the Internet to throw their threats that's more a clock founder of the abortion support network at b.b.c. Dan Damon on Twitter if you want to comment when you Zealand has held a minute's silence to mark the exact moment a week ago when a deadly volcanic eruption took place on White Island 18 people have died in that explosion attention now turning to the survivors and their horrific injuries. Were very pleased to be able to speak to Jeremy Rawlins president of the Australian and New Zealand burn Association He's in Perth in Western Australia thanks for being with us I think you've just finished surgery so I'm very glad that you have the time to talk to us I guess lava Burns involving fire from volcanoes present very special problems to you. Absolutely these are very very unique injuries and my colleagues who are around the clock in New Zealand and on the eastern states here in Australia are reducing something quite unique when it comes to. Assessing and managing these. Patients have sustained very very deep injuries in keeping with lot of which of course gets very very high temperatures in combination with that seeing quite extraordinary appearance which looks very much like a chemical burn as well associated with things earn interest and then often on top of that and I think something that most of us hadn't appreciated was that the patient experience quite significant lost or explosive type of injuries as well so there's on top of that burn injuries quite significant explosive and blast injuries to taste the patients as well so really really difficult interest to treat I'm guessing based on my buring or absurd burns from boiling water or flame or bad enough but the love it sticks Absolutely and it keeps on the earning and what we're seeing is that not only is this a lot of people chemical nature of it continues to burn and course very very deep interest through the entire thickness of the skin into the fast into the muscle with obviously devastating consequences so it's it's a very very. Nice of circumstances that my colleagues are looking after we talk about percentages don't we're the percentage of a body that was burned and what that does to survivability were how do you judge that. Absolute only ho obviously the the larger the percentage body surface area the worse the prognosis and of course in keeping with the the more difficult it is to treat these patients surgically some of the patients have got in excess of $34050.00 some patients with 70 percent skin loss and that in itself presents a huge challenge irrespective of whether it's a bushfire which of course is common this time of year in Australia and New Zealand but even Bourse because of the deep nature of these injuries and the complicating factors of these blast addresses well so really really big burns that will take many weeks and months to to reconstruct and put back together again and we've been reporting on the import of skin which is what is that actually Well the important skin has been a number of things when we when we reconstruct a look after these patients with massive injuries we control the the burn wound by excising is getting rid of all that across a good. And then we temporized with often categorical donated skin which is what you've been hearing about and reporting about but also increasingly these days we use artificial skins which are engineers products that can be used to build up. The building blocks of the patient's skin temporize whilst the patient gets over the initial of the off the. Plastic surgery and that later on. I pick up our business of reconstructing with what's going graphs are available and you use that word kind of Eric which I guess means from dead bodies from people who've died and I suppose those who sign those forms agreeing to being donors after their death probably don't think about skin they think about you know heart and lungs and so on but skins important to skin is hugely important and the good thing about skin is that we cannot see you skin from not living donors so whilst a kidney transplant for a transplant because some parts of the brain than those organs or treat used skin. Can be can be donated from patients who haven't had that sort of death and so it's a tremendous gift and of course will allow us on huge scale to help save the lives of so many people so it's almost valuable gift thank you so much for speaking to us Jeremy Rowland president of the Australian and New Zealand burn Association on some of the details. Some of them quite difficult to lift listen to but obviously very important and you learn a lot from a conversation like that he's in Western Australia he makes the point that he's not been dealing with any of those specific victims from the volcanic eruption but he's advising them supervising some of those who are on the east coast of Australia you've been listening to World updates joiners pleas for more tomorrow. Your tune to end s.p.r. Nor State Public Radio k c h o Chico and reading listener supported public radio for northern California a broadcast service of California State University Chico where on the web and my. B.b.c. It's 11 o'clock g.m.t. This is all of a white with more protests in India over citizenship law which critics say discriminates against Muslims. People. Begin to.