Ari Shapiro the. Training Program for school employees who want to carry guns on campus. Arizona's Senate seats are now in. The November contest for one of those seats the reality is to win primary election of Republican primary. You've got to go to the right and everybody loves a winner even toddlers for winners. Live from n.p.r. News in Washington I'm Jack Speer President Trump announced today a new trade understanding with Mexico as N.P.R.'s Tamara Keith reports it comes out of Trump's efforts to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement or NAFTA President Trump announced the new trade deal with Mexico from the Oval Office with President Enrique peña Nieto on speakerphone the federal want to hear. From you good morning thank you and reggae and congratulations that's really a fantastic thing we've all worked very hard the deal is designed to encourage more car and truck production in the u.s. But a lot of big questions remain Trump said he wants to scrap NAFTA but I'll be terminating the existing deal and going into this deal we'll start negotiating with Canada relatively soon they want to start they want to negotiate very badly Canada the other country that's Party to NAFTA has sat out the most recent round of negotiations but is expected to rejoin Tamara Keith n.p.r. News investigators say they still have no motive in the deadly shooting at a video game tournament in Jacksonville Florida yesterday as N.P.R.'s Bracton Booker reports law enforcement officials confirm the shooter targeted the other competitors Authorities say the tragedy could have been much worse they say the shooter who took part in the tournament walks past spectators and only targeted other competitors Here's Jacksonville sheriff Mike Williams the suspect here 2 handguns an extreme mission into the establishment with him however at this point we believe he only fired one handgun during the shooting unfolded during an East sports game in competition for the football video game that in 193 people died including the gunman who took his own life Bracton Booker n.p.r. News Jacksonville colleagues of the late Arizona Senator John McCain today paid tribute to their colleague on the Senate floor that week in which McCain will lie in state both in Arizona and at the u.s. Capitol in Washington Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell says senators present still looms large John McCain a fall whose last battles. And Castres final vote. But the nation he loved has still not done with them yet. This week will be dedicated to remembering Hell McCain died over the weekend from an aggressive form of brain cancer in a final letter to the country read today by his former presidential campaign manager McCain expressed his gratitude and love to the country and urged Americans not to confuse patriotism with tribal rivalries and focus on what she what unites funeral services will be held for McCain Saturday u.s. Sanctions against Russia over the poisoning of a former spy and his daughter are now in effect the tribe of ministration earlier this month announced the imposition of the sanctions after the u.s. Determined Russia illegally used a chemical weapon in the poisoning of Sergei score Paul and his daughter Yulia solid gains on Wall Street to start the week the Dow is up 259 points this is n.p.r. . Michael Collins lawyer seems to be walking back claims his client has information showing the president had prior knowledge of a meeting between members of the Trump campaign and a Russian lawyer who purported to have damaging information on Hillary Clinton or Lanny Davis today admitting that he should have been much clearer that I could not confirm the story there was his remarks came after Cohen president Trump's former personal lawyer last week entered a guilty plea to 8 counts including campaign finance violations tax evasion and bank fraud Trumper his partisan I don't know about the meaning of Trump Tower ahead of time calling it quote a phony story scientists have identified a type of brain cell that exists in humans but not in mice N.P.R.'s Jon Hamilton reports The finding could help explain what makes the human brain unique an international team found the cells in brain tissue from 2 people who died the team in the cells Rose had neurons because they're shaped like the seed pod of a rose and lean of the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle says these neurons are highly unusual this particular type of so had properties that had never actually been described in another species today rows of neurons are part of a family of brain cells that tells other brain cells when to slow down a bit like the brakes on a car and scientists think this family of cells plays an important role in psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia the discovery appears in the journal Nature Neuroscience Jon Hamilton n.p.r. News little futures prices closed up slightly today oil rising 2 tenths of a percent to close at 6887 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange I'm Jack Speer n.p.r. News in Washington. Support for n.p.r. Comes from m.g.m. Studios presenting the film operation finale based on the true story of the secret mission to hunt down capture and bring to justice Hitler's notorious Nazi Lieutenant Adolf Eichmann and theaters August 29th and the any foundation support for n.p.r. Comes from mountain services serving the Gunnison Valley for 17 years they specialize in home and commercial flooring including carpet wood tile and more mountain services dot com and from western state Colorado University offering a private college experience to students who live and learn in the natural laboratory of the Conason Valley go to. You you're listening to All Things Considered on Community Radio 4 the Gunnison Valley. This is All Things Considered from n.p.r. News I'm Ari Shapiro and I melted Chang the u.s. And Mexico have tentatively agreed to a trade deal and in today's announcement President Trump wanted to make one thing clear this new deal will not be called NAFTA the old North American Free Trade Agreement it says to do they call it down there we're going to call it the United States Mexico trade agreement that will get rid of the name NAFTA has a bad connotation because United States was hurt very badly by NAFTA All right N.P.R.'s Jon it see joins us now to talk about this new deal hey John hi also so President from touted this deal this morning when talking to the Mexican president on the phone as a great accomplishment can you put that into perspective for us is this a great accomplishment Well it's a step toward the renegotiation that the president promised during the campaign but there's still a long way to go and this is a tentative agreement only with Mexico and there's another critical party in the NAFTA agreement Canada right Canadian officials today signaled they're ready to come back to the negotiating table they've been sitting on the sidelines for some time in fact Canada's foreign minister cut short a trip to Europe and is flying to Washington today but she said she'll only sign a deal that is good for Canada and the president said in his appearance this morning that negotiations with Canada will start shortly but then in the very next breath he threaten Canada Let's take a listen to that I think with Canada frankly the easiest thing we can do is to tariff their cars coming in it's a tremendous amount of money and it's a very simple to go shake and it could end in one day and we take it a lot of money the following day but I think it will give them a chance to probably have a separate deal we could have a separate deal that we could put it into this deal Ok so let me get this right we could end up with having 2 separate agreements one with Mexico one with Canada instead of a North American agreement is that how this is going to probably not the president's strategy here appears to be flawed the Congress gives the president of the sword. Going to go she trade deals in the case of NAFTA it's a 3 country agreement and all 3 parties need to be on board to renew it taking this deal with Mexico to Congress separately would take a long long time now despite the president's bluster the administration would actually like to get official notice to Congress of a deal that includes Canada by the end of this week under any fast track deal there needs to be a 90 day waiting period so Congress has time to consider the trade deal before it's signed by the leaders of each government threatening Canada with card tariffs the way the president did today may or may not speed things up and the rash has to do with Mexico getting a new president on December 1st right yeah that's right Mexico has elected a new president and while his representatives have been involved to some extent on the Mexican side it's possible he could ultimately object to some provision in the deal and it could all unravel when he takes office and that's a concern so give us a sense of what is in this agreement between the u.s. And Mexico well among the most important provisions are changes in rules governing automobile manufacturing the amount of North American made parts that cars have to have to cross borders duty free would rise to 75 percent under this deal that's up from $62.00 and a half percent Now another change would require higher wages for auto workers in Mexico and a large number of cars made in Mexico would have to be built in factories where workers earn at least $16.00 an hour Pam but the d. Also affects trade in other areas from chemicals to textiles it contains new rules for digital technology and intellectual property the stock market rose on the news today but again it's progress towards a new trade regime in North America but still a long way to go N.P.R.'s John it's day thank you very much welcome. John McCain's desk in the Senate chamber is now draped in black fabric with a vase of white roses on top marking the senator's death this past weekend we've been exploring McCain's long political legacy and now we're going to look at one of the most controversial parts of it a choice he made in August of 2008 McCain was behind in the presidential race against Barack Obama and looking to shake things up when he chose the little known Alaska Governor Sarah Palin as his running mate I never really set out to be involved in public affairs much less to run for this office my mom and dad both worked at the local elementary school and my husband and I remember working with our hands I was just your average hockey mom in Alaska great. Hockey mom from Alaska would go on to help lead a revolution inside the Republican Party that eventually carved a path for Donald Trump N.P.R.'s lead political editor to medical Monson ours to talk more about the side of medical care there are were there already signs in 2008 of where the Republican Party was heading or you bet I mean when you covered John McCain and Sarah Palin and you went out on the campaign trail it was obvious Palin routinely drew crowds that were larger than McCain himself you knew something at that point was going on a lot of it was indicative or symbolized in how differently Palin talked and presented herself and how the crowds reacted to her and think about that one big moment where John McCain stood up to the woman who said that Barack Obama couldn't be trusted that he was an Arab and McCain won all this praise for saying you know look he's a good married man he's a family man Palin was out on the campaign trail saying Barack Obama PAOs around with terrorists so there was a very different way that they talked about politics and that's where the party was headed and what happened after the 2008 campaign was over with the rise of the Tea Party Well of course McCain and Palin lost in that election but it was really just the beginning and I covered the Tea Party a lot in 2010 I remember you know. People showing up to the Boston common to see Sarah Palin talk there are people with signs that said I can see the midterms from my house you know and there was so much energy and enthusiasm for her and when the health care bill passed the way it did that was really a unifying moment for a lot of these folks who felt like the president Obama's government was going too far and Palin was a symbol for them to be able to hold up to say they disagreed with these policies and as we said there was a lot of bad blood between Trump and McCain and Palin kind of paved the way for Trump early in the 2016 campaign Trump said McCain was not a war hero and pale in indorsed Trump despite that So how did John McCain look back on the pale in choice towards the end of his life well yeah there's that about you know Palin of course was somebody who you know McCain tried to sort of be polite about it like he didn't try to go and say that you know he regretted the pick he never really wound up saying that in his book The Restless wave he talks about how he wished he had picked Joe Lieberman who was the senator from Connecticut a former Democrat an independent slash Democrat because they were friends they believed in the same kind of big picture things when it came to America's role in the world but his advisors told him that it would be too difficult to pick a Democrat to be able to hold the Republican base together and he went along with Palin but he said that my gut told me to ignore my advisors advice and I wished I had had now of Palin in particular he said she stumbled in some interviews and had a few misjudgments in the glare of ceaseless of the ceaseless spotlight and unblinking cameras those missteps too are on me so in the final years of his career as the party became more like the pale and less like McCain How did McCain adept Well if there were times when McCain really kind of put his core values to the side I mean he had to win reelection in 2010 and people might remember that ad. As walking along the border with the the Arizona fence saying we're going to build the dang fence sure sounds a lot like Donald Trump and how he's going to build the wall now McCain came back around and became the quote unquote maverick again but he is the somebody with a very conservative record I mean he there were moments yes where he bucked his party where he has bucked President Trump where he bucked George w. Bush frankly but also somebody who was a conservative at heart that's n.p.r. Lead political editor to medical mountain our thanks to my welcome. Hurricane Elaine brought record rainfall to the Big Island of Hawaii officials warned residents to stay inside and out of the water but N.P.R.'s Adrian Florio came across plenty of people over the weekend who chesty could not resist. Driving around the city of Hilo I noticed a little crowd of people pointing cameras down into a drainage canal I figured they were just filming the torrent of water flowing out to sea but when I joined them I saw something amazing that raging water had created a perfect little wave right in the middle of a drainage canal and there was a man surfing it I waited till he came out and what happens is because it's a perfectly crafted concrete canal the hydro force from the water builds up in certain areas this is John Peel 33 born and raised and so where we were. Building up and it creates a standing wave and we found out that the surface so. We're searching the trench like internal Hurricane Lane more water in less time than he had ever seen before so the wave is actually the biggest we've ever surfed since I can remember. The experience there's more logs coming down because of the ocean a lot faster and it's just a lot more energy and exhilaration. It's smart scary if. He gets antsy staying inside during storms he doesn't care about the warnings from officials when a hurricane comes he's gotta get in the water even if it's a drainage canal a cop is actually pulled up on give us a warning he's doing his job he could do. That next time we do this is going to. Have to wait a few hours wasn't the only one for some funny how did you buy her bio for an adjacent river overflowed creating a current of water across an open field perfect for 3 young men with boogie boards . And. Waves. Raining children that are coming. Out of the flooded before this. Water. And. Then they were off to have more fun. N.p.r. News. Things Considered from n.p.r. News for. Once in a name. If yours is just. His swing stall on the sound be. Home in the jong. Un. You Rather. In the late 1930 s. Babcock was a radio d.j. In need of a monitor make up a friend suggested Jimmy Van Heusen after seeing a billboard for the clothing company. Van Heusen would become a legendary composer winning an Emmy and 4 Oscars one of them for this song this is being Crosby with swinging on a star from the 1944 film going my way. Or would you rather be a pig. Face. Disgrace Van Heusen was also a longtime collaborator and close personal friend. Even buried in the Sinatra family under a grave marker that reads swinging on a star you may grow up to be missed a single beat. Beat. And sound. Beat is produced in the Gulf for audio archives Syracuse University library. The music you hear on is programmed by volunteers did you have a radio show in the past and you want to bring it back or maybe you're a long time listener and you thought to yourself hey I could be on the radio. You can volunteer D.J.'s undergo training make a demo and start filling in shows that's how it works visit k v u t dot org slash volunteer to sign up today support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from gobble a meal kick company that delivers semi prepped meals to be finished at home in 15 minutes with one pan gobbles sous chefs do the prep work like chopping and marinating this week's menu as a gobble dot com slash n.p.r. . And from m.g.m. Studios presenting the film operation finale based on the true story of the secret mission to hunt down capture and bring to justice Hitler's notorious Nazi Lieutenant Adolf Eichmann in theaters August 29th. From n.p.r. News this is All Things Considered I'm healthy Chang and I'm Ari Shapiro after every school shooting in the u.s. Districts across the country look for ways to make their campuses safer one idea that stirs up a lot of debate is whether teachers or other school employees should carry guns at work Texas expanded a program to do that after 13 people died in a shooting at Santa Fe high school outside Houston earlier this year now other states are looking at that as a model as mount large of member station in Austin reports that training to become a school martial means coming face to face with some difficult realities and a warning that the story contains moments of simulated gunfire and shouting It's all part of a simulation to people wearing black protective face masks make their way down the school hallway. On their left a classroom door they move in guns drawn searching a classroom for an armed intruder. Finding nothing they move on peering around the corner into the hallway to scan for threats right in the hallway of the instructor calls an end to the exercise soon these trainees could carry actual guns in their own schools potentially defending students from a shooter this is part of a recent training near Austin for the Texas School marshal program which been around since 2013 it was slow at 1st but after specially after Santa Fe is just pretty much exploded Kim Vickers is the executive director of the Texas Commission on law enforcement he worked 38 years as a police officer his agency runs the school marshal training program more than 160 school employees from across the state have taken the courses and we have more people wanting to do it than we have the ability to train so far any school employee can be appointed as a marshal by their school board it's voluntary they need to have a license to carry a handgun they also get a psychological exam then 80 hours of training intense training I've been through this were very stressful stressful situations mental and physical school marshals. Supposed to be anonymous so we're not using this southeast Texas school board members name or a den a firing his district the training includes things like legal liability police tactics and Firearms now it's a crash course but we're going through police training course how to handle your weapon I've been around weapons my whole life I've shot my whole life and I learned a tremendous amount this week. Of course the actual shooting part of the course might be the most important to marshals in training lineup at the end of a long hallway guns at the ready loaded with simulated ammunition kind of like paint balls. And then. About a dozen trainees run away from the fake gun shots the marshals move toward them as the gunman rounds the corner they take game. The pretend suspect. Here all. These simulations are in part supposed to force trainees to come to grips with something that might seem obvious again Ken Vickers you've got to face this as a person who's going to be carrying this gun you've got to face the idea that you may have to shoot somebody trainees have to ask themselves can they shoot a child a child they might know that's a very difficult conversation for all educators to talk about this marshal in training is a school administrator in southeast Texas because our training in just our nature is We're nurturers and think about having to make that decision in one of those moments is extremely difficult and that's why he says this training is important I don't know that anybody truly knows what you would do when you're in that situation we would all like to think that we would do what we need to do to keep everyone safe now the school marshal program has been controversial since it was proposed teachers and teachers unions have opposed the idea of bringing guns into the classroom we see the. As a short term fix for really a long term issue Noel Kendall aria is president of the Texas State Teacher's Association he says it might make sense in some rural places where police response times may be long but ideally he'd like more state funding for things like school resource officers look teachers don't want guns in the classroom teachers that we've talked to that I've talked to since the day after Santa Fe overwhelmingly teachers don't want guns in the classroom they want trained professionals they don't want the responsibility of caring guns themselves I hear people saying that's not the answer more guns is not the answer I agree but Kim Vickers argues it's part of the answer if we're going to make our schools safer it's a layered process because the true place to really start is not putting guns on campus the 2 place to really start is looking for these issues ahead of time addressing these kids that are marginalized and working with them before it ever gets to that point the school marshal program is not the only mechanism for arming school employees in Texas when the state legislature meets early next year it will consider additional safety measures things like redesigning schools and bolstering mental health and early intervention programs for n.p.r. News I'm Matt largely in Austin Ok people are attracted to those who have power who are winners and you study shows that's true from a very young age even toddlers seem to prefer winners at least a certain kind of winner N.P.R.'s Nell Greenfieldboyce explains We live in a world where some people have more power more pristine Ashley Thomas is a researcher at mit and Harvard she wondered if very young children were tuned into all that recognizing social rank and then also using it to sort of inform 'd how you interact with people is an important thing for any individual in a social species to see if toddlers could do it she in some colleagues got little kids to watch a puppet show on. The show. I had just 2 puppets and they're just shapes with googly eyes so one of them's a square and one of them is an oval one's red and one's yellow that's one of the toddlers watching the puppets they cross the stage from opposite sides and bump into each other. The kid says oh no. This little social conflict ends in one of 2 ways either one of the puppets kind of bows down and moves out of the way allowing other puppet to pass or one of the puppets pushes the other guy out of the way and and passes and front of him then the researcher would show the kids the puppets and ask what. They liked the winner specifically the puppet who won because the other puppet bow down and yielded they did not like the puppet who won the conflict through force after that version of the puppet show they chose the loser so it seems like toddlers care about who wins but they also care about how they win the finding appears in the journal Nature human behavior and intrigues Kylie Hamlin She's a researcher at the University of British Columbia she says it's the 1st to show that babies prefer those with high status I think it's really compelling in how similar it is to what adults do and how much we tend to like celebrities and you know rich people and those who are granted status for various reasons she notes that humans do seem to differ from their close primate cousins apes called but nobody I know both actually do prefer those who sort of win by beating somebody else so they prefer dominant individuals no matter how they achieve their dominance for human toddlers it's not enough to have high status little kids No it means nothing if you got it for the wrong. A report from the Education Department says there were over 200 school related shootings in the 20152600 school year but an n.p.r. Investigation has uncovered that the report is full of errors and the numbers could be much lower. Just how common is it for a gun to go off at an American school that's on the next Morning Edition from n.p.r. News. This. Thanks for listening to news 40000000 people rely on the Colorado River for their water many of those who watch the river closely say it's tapped out citing a possible shortage in less than 2 years but not everyone agrees with that assessment and a few loud voices say there are still places in the watershed to dam and divert as reports that difference of opinion has big implications for water development in the West. You can see. 1000000 is a developer and his name is synonymous with a water pipeline he's been pushing for almost a decade he's sporting a cowboy hat and belt buckle when I meet him at a Fort Collins Colorado coffee shop he unfurls a map and points out the features of his latest proposal. $3800.00 foot drop. With his finger 1000000 traces the route of his pipeline it would start in Utah on the Green River then sneak across Wyoming before dropping down into Colorado's populated Front Range 1000000 says it would cost about a 1000000000 dollars to build. But they get done every day I mean. Remember his plan takes advantage of a historical fluke the 1922 Colorado River compact which Davey's up the water was written when the river was flowing at a record high now though for the past 8. Teen years high temperatures drought and over use have sapped the rivers flow people say there's no water left in the system well when California has trained in abandon Arizona have drained the river and then cry foul because Lake Palin meter low. Again Orient are 8 had they not during their overtaking their share they'd be 4 by $45.00 x. Those are the facts she run the numbers this river is already reeling it's nearly close to death from a 1000 cuts Nic scowl is conservation director with the Utah Rivers Council the Salt Lake City based environmental group is one of many filing protests against millions pipeline proposal and the big new diversions could be the straw that breaks the camel's back 1st scout the idea that there's a surplus of water in the Colorado River Watershed is laughable he says the rivers to main reservoirs are dropping and the river itself hasn't reached the Pacific Ocean in years there is this this disconnect between you know what water rights states are entitled to on paper via the Colorado River compact and what water is actually in the system let's break that down what scowl is talking about is this concept of paper water on these agreements among states there's a certain amount of water that exists on paper but that doesn't always match up with so-called wet water or what exists in reality some states have met the limit of their paper water from the Colorado River others haven't and there's a growing recognition that water managers should think of the watershed and manage it as a whole rather than a disconnected series of tributaries the Colorado River system is at risk of crashing a lake mead or crashing Lake Peled that's an Castle She's a former official with the Department of the interior and now with the University of Colorado. And Boulder meaning that the all the water gets used in elevations drop so low that that you can't force water through that the system anymore Castle says Aaron millions pipeline increases the chance of those reservoirs dipping even further but he's not the only person or agency suggesting we take more water from the Colorado River and its tributaries to water agencies on Colorado's Front Range are finalizing projects that would do just that so too would a proposed pipeline in southern Utah when it comes to River politics Castle says everyone's fates are intertwined that argument doesn't sway Aaron 1000000 who says Western Water law is on his side the people think that you know California Nevada and Arizona can stop this project or that the governor while we can that that's just simply not true but water rights along the Colorado River are far from simple so I asked 1000000 what the odds are that is Pipeline will ever be built he says he doesn't believe in absolutes and gives himself a 92 percent chance of coming out on top I'm Luke Runyon. You're listening to cave in Crested Butte This is Bobby Digital which means you've stepped back into his world congratulations I got model in the chair to my right she might get on later on but who knows while heavier in the tin calendar for you Amy helm performs blues gospel rock country and folk Crested Butte Center for the Arts Thursday August 30th. At 8 pm Blackstock the stroll in Gunnison presents Rachel Van sleek. Or Slike sorry Friday August 31st at 8 30 pm strange parade the doors Concert Experience plays at what p.t. Ridge saloon in Gunnison at on Aug 31st at 9 pm the Colorado jazz musicians Festival is coming to Crested Butte September 7th through the 9th tickets at seo Jazz Fest dot org. Find more details on the Vans of guns in Valley calendar dot org sorry Ganesan Valley calendar dot com That's also where you can submit your event please make submissions 2 weeks in advance of the event here's Madison Morton the mama bear yellow taxi Does anyone here 349 some 444. And it. She comes from crested Film Festival presenting the documentary a long strange trip and screening August 28th and 29th at 7 pm at the Center for the Arts this film follows the unlikely success story of the Grateful Dead as they broke all the rules in rock n roll tickets and in for at c.b. Film fest dot org And from the mountain near Athletic Association at Western State Colorado University helping assist Western athletics and not mere student athletes for over 50 years for additional information and a comprehensive athletic schedule you can visit go mountain mirrors dot com Now near magic where champions are made out of thin air that last one was from dead fingers as a ring around Saturn the song before that was from Lone lands cannot get enough of that woman's voice and this next up is also another flavor of month the bobbies this is LP with lost on you here on k.p. Duty. Just. Following the bulletin. Odd players.