In the sixty's throughout the Valley for the most part flows in the forty's. Even listening to Special Coverage from n.p.r. News of the events in Las Vegas and now will join one thanks for making us part of your day. Now has an awful new distinction a place on the growing list of America's deadliest mass shootings where does the investigation stand now from w.a.m. You and then p.r. In Washington this is. A we're following the investigation in Las Vegas after a gunman opened fire on a country music festival last night at least 50 people are dead and more than 400 are hurt after the attack we'll get the latest from Las Vegas then we'll shift gears to music and the rise of a hip hop artist who is topping the charts in an unusual way that's because the artist is female in an industry where women have become increasingly rare at the top we love to hear from you e-mail. Or tweet us at one end. Live from n.p.r. News in Washington I'm Lakshmi saying the death toll from the worst mass shooting in modern u.s. History now stands at at least 58 and more than 500 people were wounded when a gunman opened fire on a crowd of concert goers in Las Vegas last night sending a crowd of thousands running in panic f.b.i. Special agent Aaron Rouse says the gunman identified as Stephen Paddick a 64 year old white male had no known links to foreign terror groups as this event unfolds we have determined to this point no connection with an international turn as this investigation continues we will continue to work with our partners to ensure that this is factually fairly and absolutely investigated to be able to bring comfort and peace back to this community authorities are asking for blood donations for those hospitalized with life threatening injuries President Trump says he will travel Wednesday to Las Vegas to meet with 1st responders in the wake of the mass shooting N.P.R.'s Tamara Keith says trouble offered solace today in his remarks at the White House in times of tragedy Americans look to the president even when there is very little he can say to offer comfort it was an act of pure evil Trump spoke from behind a lectern in the Diplomatic Room of the White House in time such is the as I know we are searching for some kind of meaning in the chaos some kind of light in the darkness the edges do not come easy Trump cited scripture and offered prayers he also signed a proclamation ordering the American flag to be flown at half staff Tamara Keith n.p.r. News the White House. Tomorrow Trump is due to travel to put a Rico to tour the hurricane devastation there more fuel is on its way to portions of the island the governor says more than $720.00 gas stations are now open Palestinian leaders from the West Bank have arrived in the Gaza Strip in a major effort to restore their authority in Gaza and their rivalry with Hamas the Islamist group wrested control of Gaza 10 years ago but it says it is ready to allow the Palestinian authority to govern their N.P.R.'s Daniel Estrin has the latest from Gaza there's a lot of celebration here at the border between Israel and Gaza cars of driving through carrying Alice Tinian authority ministers to Gaza Gazans are crowded around there far's they're cheering Yeah I feel that it's just like us to the moment the old people of Gaza we are so happy today here we are full of hope now that so feel a talent he says the last decade has gone Israel Israel just blockaded Gaza militant group Hamas took over now Hamas says it plans to end its rival rallies to 48 hours for sure all visits but disagreements are especially about Hamas giving up its weapons Daniel Estrin n.p.r. News Gaza this is n.p.r. . Monarch Airlines has gone bust Britain's 5th largest carrier went to liquidation today leaving 110000 passengers around the world in limbo the u.k. Reportedly has leased 30 aircraft to help get monarch customers home the flights are being provided at no additional cost to the passengers new rules going into effect in Colorado spell the end of cannabis infused gummy bears and other familiar candy shapes Colorado Public Radio's Megan Verlee says the goal is to make pot edibles less attractive to children starting this week marijuana candies can no longer resemble a human animal or fruit no gummy worms Swedish fish or peach slices policymakers hope keeping pot candies and more basic shapes will discourage children from eating them by mistake a study published last year found that the number of emergency room visits from children accidentally exposed to marijuana jumped after recreational stores opened although the total number is still quite small Colorado already requires all marijuana be sold in childproof packaging the new rules will also require larger and more obvious potency labels for n.p.r. News I'm Megan Verlee in Denver Google says it's ending a decade old policy that requires publishers to provide a limited amount of free content before readers or ouse to pay for newspapers and other publishers a search engine giant's 1st click free policy making up at least $3.00 free items per day and their content was expensive to produce Google is now leaving it up to the publishers to decide what content if any they'll get readers or let readers access for free this is n.p.r. News support for n.p.r. Comes from constant contact with tools including an editor and drag and drop action blocks for helping small businesses communicate with their customers through e-mail marketing learn more at constant contact dot com and Americans for the arts and Americans for the Arts dot org. This is one a I'm Joshua Johnson in Washington last night a gunman opened fire on an event near the Las Vegas Strip Police say 64 year old Steven Craig Paddick fired from a high floor at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino down onto a country music festival killing more than 50 people it is being called the deadliest mass shooting in modern American history President Trump just finished addressing the nation a few minutes ago here is some of what the president had to say our unity cannot be shattered by evil our bonds cannot be broken by violence and though we feel such great anger at this senseless murder of our fellow citizens it is our love that defines us today. And always will for ever that was President from speaking with in just the last few minutes the president says he will visit Las Vegas on Wednesday and that is where we find Joe shaman of key n.p.r. Public Radio in Las Vegas he is the host and senior producer of state of Nevada Joe welcome to want to thank you also with us on the line is Adam Winkler he's a u.c.l.a. Law professor and the author of gun fight the battle over the right to bear arms in America Professor Winkler Welcome to the program thank you for having me Joe Shane and let me start with you and some of the latest I understand that authorities in misc eat Nevada were Stephen Paddick lives lived just had a news briefing a few minutes ago have we learned anything more from that or from the police in Las Vegas. From what I've heard out of Mosquita is that they did go to his house they didn't find anything that you would think you know somebody planning a shooting would have in their home they went in through the the garage door which looks like they tore off to get into his home he lived in a sort of a retirement community there. From police probably know this or might have reported that the number of injured has gone from 202400 more than 50 people killed exact numbers are not available right now. That's it in terms of updates that's about it Metro is going to be having a press conference again within the next hour or 2 what kinds of information are we waiting for from the next press conference you know there are there are there are rumors out there 'd that and there was a report on the television that there was a woman in the crowd warning people before the shooting that a shooting was about to occur and that saying quote We're all going to be killed there are rumors whether or not this man was associated with ISIS. Is just more information about as well how he got into the not how he got into the hotel or the hotels are they don't have metal detectors but the set up in his hotel room what kind of what kind of things they found there I'm glad you made it clear that those are just rumors there's a great deal we don't yet know about this situation but we are learning more including some of what Las Vegas Sheriff Joe Lynn Bardot told reporters this morning including about some of the guns that were found in the suspects hotel room we are still going through the search warrant actively at this time but it's an excess of 10 rifle that was Last Vegas Sheriff Joe Lynn Bardot Professor Adam Winkler 10 rifles sounds like just an exorbitant number a kind of I think would seem at least to me to abrogate the possibility of this being random would lend some more credence to the idea of this being premeditated clearly what we hear on video sounds like an automatic weapon firing into the crowd at this point we have no confirmation from anyone in law enforcement about what kind of weapon it was but can you give us a sense Professor Winkler about how the law enforcement investigation proceeds right now what kinds of questions are investigators trying to get answered today well to be sure investigators want to know about the motive of the shooter and whether there were other people involved apparently from our initial reports it appears that there was only a lone gunman but I think we still need to know when we have. Over 400 people who've been injured and 50 people or more who've been killed it behooves us to make sure that we know exactly what happened how many shooters there were obviously they're going to look into the firearms as well and it does appear just from the sounds of the shooting that there was some kind of machine gun that was being used and important recognize that machine guns are really not for sale to the common citizen in America you have to get a special license to even get one so if I think there's going to be a lot of investigation to find out if he did have a machine gun how he got it and how he was able to fire so many rounds in such a small amount of time yeah and the whole question of automatic weapons has been coming up obviously a lot this morning James in batiks Michigan wrote Be sure the media mentions that automatic weapons were illegal and I think Professor Brinkley that was kind of getting to your point about how difficult it should have been to get what it least appears what at least sounds to be an automatic weapon. Yes that's right back in 1986 we ban the sale of automatic weapons to the ordinary public without exceptional circumstances you have to get a special federal license and go through an extensive and special background check in order to buy one of these weapons and they cost anywhere from $20.00 to $40000.00 to buy a machine gun so they are still legal but extremely difficult to purchase and in fact we just do not see them used often in gun crimes even in mass shootings because they are rare and difficult to obtain we're speaking to u.c.l.a. Law Professor Adam Winkler and Joe Shaman the host of State of Nevada from key n.p.r. Public Radio in Las Vegas we welcome your questions and thoughts as well we will be bringing you more updates on the Las Vegas shooting as they come in this hour we'll move on to our next topic in just a moment but we'd love to hear from you e-mail one a w. Am you dot org comments on our Facebook page or tweet us at one a Joshi name and talk a little bit about how Las Vegas has prepared to deal with these kinds of incidents I imagine that in a festival this big the police would already be there and of course the Las Vegas Strip has cameras everywhere in every resort on every block of the entire Strip I'm assuming that nothing really about the response to this incident caught metro police off guard that they were ready for this kind of thing even if maybe they thought they would never have to respond to something like this you know all of a big events concerts indoors outdoors the casinos usually hire off duty metro police officers I'm not sure the exact status how they're employed or what the payment structure is but to a police officer to monitor them as well as their own security security in Las Vegas is probably unlike any other city in the country literally and literally thousands and thousands of surveillance cameras on the Las Vegas strip. Cannot move without being seen in Las Vegas dropped from some surveillance camera so there was a very quick response the thing was that the shooting was just lightning quick if you heard the audio it was sounded like automatic fire a man shooting from a 32nd floor of a hotel very far away actually you know several 100 feet but she basically like shooting a crowd of people is going to hit somebody so. I don't I don't know how you know I don't know if you had 3000 cops there what difference it would have made. It was going to happen and the reaction to it what the reaction to it was very quick but stopping it I'm not sure how that would have even been done Ted in New Braunfels Texas writes Why is the media referring to this as the deadliest mass shooting in u.s. History isn't that just going to inspire someone to try and top this this just furthers the concept that the media glorifies events like this inspiring others to follow and Fred writes You speculated that many people will be asking why I suggest that knowing the perpetrators motive will be in comprehensible to any sane individual consequently why ask why Professor Winkler I think you know other than the idea of this being the deadly yest mass shooting in u.s. History that is a matter of some debate there have been deadlier shootings further back in history if you want to go back a few centuries but leaving that aside I do take Ted's point about the mentality of this person but is that really true disputing like this actually inspire more copycats to potentially do the same thing what do we know. Well we don't know exactly why other shooters come behind and. Gage in similar kinds of incidents we believe that there must be some copycat element to it because we do seem to have this epidemic of shooting here in the United States that isn't replicated elsewhere even places where there are a lot of guns so we don't really know whether it's because of copycats or people just get a good idea that this is an effective way to kill a lot of people and make a statement we just really don't know I think there are a lot of variations in the motives behind these kinds of incidents Lynn tweeted We need to hear what the White House and Congress will do to prevent the next mass shooting Joshi and I'm not sure exactly what we can expect from that even though the president does say that he will be making his way out to Las Vegas on Wednesday but in terms of that can you briefly before right of time give us a sense of what Nevada lawmakers have tended to say about this kind of thing I'm sure that these kinds of incidents have come up before and the gun control debate is not new in Nevada. I have to say don't think it will affect I think it might inspire gun control bills in the next legislative session and 2019 I don't think it will but I don't know how to how all that oil do it this is a really strong pro-gun state. I think the casinos might be looking at security measures something that I've never seen at a casino which are your basic metal detectors or doors I don't think anybody wants to do that because of the perception of what that looks like for tourists but maybe that's what we're going to be seeing I but it's right now nobody speculating most most politicians are just offering their condolences that's Joshi and I'm in the host and senior producer of state of Nevada from k. N.p.r. Public Radio in Las Vegas Joe thanks for talking to us you're welcome and u.c.l.a. Law Professor Adam Winkler the author of gun fight the battle. Over the right to bear arms in America Professor Winkler thanks very much thank you and as we mentioned President Trump says that he will make his way out to Las Vegas on Wednesday he spoke in the White House just a few minutes ago of course authorities are looking for more tips in this case the f.b.i. Is taking information online tips f.b.i. Dot gov And of course they're taking tips through their phone line 800 call f.b.i. We will continue to keep an eye on this story bring you the latest details through the hour as they come in but next we're going to switch gears and discuss a somewhat historical moment in the music industry regarding women and hip hop music I'm. Listening to one. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from home instead senior care offering a team to support families and their seniors with a range of individual ised in home senior care services including bathing cooking and medication reminders home instead dot com slash n.p.r. 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This is one a I'm Joshua Johnson we are continuing to follow the latest from Las Vegas in the ongoing investigation of the mass shooting near the script there the Strip including the search for more information about the shooter police in Mosquita Nevada where the shooter Stephen Paddick came from before going to the strip say that Mr Paddick had no prior incidents involving the shooter or his acquaintance prior to the shooting and say they found some weapons and ammunition in his home but otherwise it was a nice clean home as they describe it but again no prior incidents involving the police for those of you who may be looking for loved ones who are in Las Vegas and might have been affected by this shooting here is the number to call from Las Vegas Metro p.d. 866-535-5654 again if you are looking for your loved ones in Las Vegas after the shooting the number to locate missing loved ones is 866-535-5654 we'll continue to follow the story through the hour and bring you any major developments of course they'll be more from your n.p.r. Member station and always online at npr dot org Let's switch gears now to talk about a bit of a cultural moment that's happening now a young woman from the Bronx who recently made history. Months are better known as Carty b. Has become the 2nd solo female rapper to reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart with her song Vote Act yellow The 1st was Lauryn Hill that was back 19 years ago why is this such a rarity Why was this song the one to do it and what does it say about the state of women in hip hop and women in the music industry as a whole joining us from n.p.r. In New York to discuss it as best as she's a senior editor at Vibe Welcome to one day I thank you for having me and joining us from Oberlin Ohio is for Darragh Hadley a visiting assistant professor of ethno musicology at Oberlin College for their Hadlee Welcome thank you very. Is happy to be here joining us from w. U.n.c. Public Radio in Durham North Carolina is Mark Anthony Neal a professor of African and African-American studies at Duke University Professor Neal glad to have you with us was a gesture and joining us from w a b e Public Radio in Atlanta is Scott Heath an assistant professor at Georgia State University professor he's glad to have you with us thanks for having me we welcome your questions and thoughts about the state of women in hip hop women in the music business and of course about Carty be in general and for those of you who are new to Carty be don't worry I promise we will clue you in but for those of you who know we love to get your thoughts about what her ascension says to you about where the music industry stands today email us one day at dot org comments on our Facebook page or tweet us at one a Marshall asked of as let me start with you give us the brief on Carty b. Who is she and what she about. Well you know we have to say that 1st and foremost Carr to be is a. Woman of Color born and raised in. New York City and who started out as a internet sensation she escaped domestic violence and went into stripping and you know became this this really infectious persona on the internet before accepting a reality television deal and you know on Love and Hip Hop and her ascension took her to where she is and now this incredibly. This incredibly relatable accessible robber with this phenomenal underdog story. And now she's a mentor to her history she cemented her her position in history. Shattering a 1000 year old record once held by Laura know you mentioned Love and Hip Hop Here's a little clip from her introducing herself on that v h one reality series here she is. A My Name Is Khan I know me as that annoying media they fucking crazy my. Family and friends. But I'm just a regular Daedalus my going to girl from the Scottie be introducing yourself on the v h one reality show Love and Hip Hop Mark Anthony Neal I wonder from your perspective what was the what was the point at which she actually began to really take off was it love in hip hop was it when her music career began to take off what one was that when she actually started to get the nation's attention. I think definitely with the work that she was doing around social media and then translating that into reality television I think where the interesting moment now because there's a way in which Carty the career arc would have been impossible 10 years ago even. 20 years ago because she would have needed the record industry in the way that she doesn't necessarily need the recognition anymore she could build her own platforms and social media and of course take advantage of reality television in ways that artists who came before her never had access to those kind of platforms what I am wondering about in terms of this arc of her career is that is music just this nother moment in her career which she's going to haul so and create a certain kind of identity for self as she moves on to something else or is music going to be the place where she's going to kind of lay down her head if you will let's hear a little piece of her latest hit this is her new song blowback yellow which hit number one on Billboard's Hot 100 last week here it is. It's. Changed. To. States and teaches time and just good tunes to. Get a. Cut in the dumbed. Down. To down got it. Sounds great dumbing down. To what. Some of. The states. That's vote by Carty b. Which hit number one on Billboard's Hot 100 last week as we listen to a little more in the background for Tara Hadley what do you think it is about this song that made it climb the charts I think there's a couple of things I think one you know trap is the sound of hip hop right now and then in fact it would be number one kind of looks that you hear but also I think a lot of people kind of resonate with that study from them by the way here narrative she's talking about the fact Farai. She started out stripping and now that she's able to afford you know the luxuries and the trappings of success she didn't even have to choose which pair of the buttons shoes she wants she can buy them both right I think that connects with people I think that marketing Neal is absolutely right that on top of the social media presence that she's built one that is heavily reliant on the authenticity of her being a regular day for making the girls on the run. All kind of come together in the singular moment that really connect with fans in particular women fans which I think are such a key part of her early success which she was able to translate into this mess as. Yellow which is a record that they've worked all summer you know it didn't just shot but they she had the support behind her former label Atlantic and her own energy and team to allow this song to build and build and build over the course of the summer to reach this this high mark I should note that we did have a conversation about one of the impresarios of trap music Gucci Mane earlier on this program you'll find that conversation on our website the one a dot org That's the word the the number one the letter a dot org quite a few fans a car to be in our audience Archer tweets Carty b. Is winning right now because she's very real She's the best thing about the Love and Hip Hop brand Christopher wrote on our Facebook page pop music has taken over the charts but hip hop is the most influential and listen to world wide and Shannon tweets I'm a 45 year old white woman in the mountains of southwest Virginia and I love that car to be so clearly a lot of you know this is a lover let us know what you think about her music or just about the state of women hip hop today email one a w.a.m. You dot org comments on our Facebook page or tweet us at one Scott Heath understand that you've been a little bit more critical of Carty b I wonder what's your take on her ascension and what she says about the state of hip hop today I think the. Car to be success right now is really about. Her capacity for reinvention and a public celebration of that capacity to to reshape herself to rework her own reality you know again she was a survivor of domestic abuse issues a student she's a stripper she's an Instagram celebrity a reality star now she's a commercially successful rapper and we live in the era of Avatar we each have the capacity to reinvent ourselves daily on screen and and increasingly these days what happens on screen is taken for truth. And I think Carty be skill is that she operates that intersection between what I call screen culture and sound culture she's really masterful that understanding how to navigate the area part of that's organic having and generational and I think part of that is very studied and the success of both that yellow I think has to do with its timing the adoption of the currently popular Southern rap a static and mind you prior to both Ike yellow carded b.s. . Put out 2 solo mix tapes. At least 8 other videos besides the video for. I'm sorry. I'm going back to that. And then of course as industry backing the planet records machine I think party b. Is really worked herself through through the paces d.i.y. Across media. For long enough and skillfully enough to garner the attention of the big labels now and we're seeing what that means we're discussing the ascendance of Carty b. And what it means for women in hip hop music today with Georgia State University assistant professor Scott he from Duke University Professor Mark Anthony Neal who teaches African and African-American studies Oberlin College visiting assistant professor for dare I had Lee who teaches ethnomusicology ethno musicology and marshy wa s. To vez of vibe who is a senior editor there we welcome your questions and thoughts as well e-mail one a am you dot org comments on our Facebook page or tweet us at one a m Joshua Johnson You're listening to one essay Christiane tweets who is buying these C.D.'s I've never heard about her until she got to the top of the chart last week who would you say has been buying her C.D.'s who pushed her to the top of the charts. I'm going to say. I'm going to say you know that that's a loaded question but I'm going to say a black woman. The reason why Gardy is where she is today's because black women see themselves in her and 1st and they were there were her 1st fans early on before Atlantica before but I guess before. You know this have been before her her number one hit. I think women of color were the ones who thought of help terrorists and I want to Professor Neil what do you think of that was it primarily on the strength of black women as her entire fan base to black women kind of leverage other consumers to discover card to be what do you think. I think there's something about her story right and I think her story is actually more important than the number one record like everybody has someone has a number one record every week the Archies which was a cartoon you know had a number one record with Sugar Sugar 50 years ago right so their folks who have number one records they can't sustain careers of folks who have great careers that never have another number one solo track like a Luther Vandross but I think as was just mentioned right there's something about her story something about that come up that's very powerful in appealing to black women what I find is interesting Lee ironic at this moment you know as we get the news about her hitting number one you know the same day wraps the releases Layla's wisdom and she's another black woman rapper here in South Carolina she has her tentacles connected to a low in the printed state label here enough talent jamma but also Roc Nation you know with Jay z. And across the board critics have been reflecting on the fact that this might be one of the strongest rap albums of the year again recorded by a black woman but typically She has not had the support and raps in this case of black women in part because she's just doing it for the art I think there's something about Cardi bees story that transcends hip hop and I think we actually limit who she is and what she's capable of when we were further her within the context of this narrative of it being representative of hip hop I wonder though also in terms of her being a woman who's at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 you know that there have been women at the top of these charts before she knocked Taylor Swift off of the top of the Billboard Hot 100 to take the number one slot there's also some of our listeners who aren't really big fans of her sound for example charisma tweets I don't hear the poetry in rap anymore there is no message I need Queen Latifa or mc Lyte and divine tweets the song is garbage it has a great thumping beat but that's it it's an insult to miss Lauryn Hill and it's worth noting Lauren Hill. As the last solo female rap artist to reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100 with hits like this my. 'd women. Have. Really. Been the fuel for the future and we're going to. Get some of that because. She was. So busy with the family. Let's do what's best thing by Lauryn Hill from her landmark album The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill Scott Heath what about that argument that just the tone of it the lack of poetry the lack of style makes Carty be success somehow ignoble compared to Lauryn Hill success. Well I don't think there's a lack of style I think there's a very deliberate style that's happening and. Some people who listen to trap music would be aware that that boat yellow is actually sort of a take off or maybe even a talk back to the Kodak blacks song no flock and that came out in 2014 and this is called it blacks no flock it has a really raw south based trap sound and that trap sound is probably the closest thing we have to a contemporary gangster static right now. Lauryn Hill in 1908. Puts out doo doo wop that thing at the tail end of the gangsta rap era really almost as a counter to that a stake and. I believe that people who who want to compare her to Lauryn Hill are or actually also reflecting on that moment reflecting on what Lauren Hill offered in terms of what may have felt like a relief. For a after after several years of of what we came to recognize it's going to wrap Professor Neil I know we got to let you go in a moment so let me let you chime in before we we have to say goodbye to you what do you think about that argument about not hearing the poetry and rap any more no message you know I'm a 50 year old rap fan and I came up with this from the beginning the aesthetics change I'm not in a position as a 50 year old to judge what a 18 year old wants to hear of a 14 year old daughter she loves cardi and I get the reason why she does I think things shift I think what has been the challenge and has the hip hop as it did when rarely rarely a space where both a Cardi b. Or Rhapsody or an mc Lyte could be successful in the context of the industry that's Duke University Professor Mark Anthony Neal who teaches African and African-American studies professor Neil thanks for talking to us Thank you Joshua Roy tweeted No one's buying C.D.'s It's streaming numbers that have pushed her to the top that might be a good point Roy Maybe we should talk about the changing face of the music industry as it relates to the future of hip hop music is it even fair to compare Lauren Hill to Carty is the game even the same stick left. Hundreds of people attending a country music. Later today. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from Progressive Insurance offering its home quote Explorer so shoppers can evaluate options in one place when buying home insurance custom quotes and rates are available online learn more at progressive dot com. From Cancer Treatment Centers of America which publishes treatment results for 11 types of cancer including quality of life ratings to help patients and their caregivers make informed choices about their care learn more at Cancer Center dot com and from listeners like you who donate to this n.p.r. Station. Back now to our conversation about women in hip hop music with Mars you want us to vent a vibe for Darragh Hadley of Oberlin College and Scott heath of Georgia State University Roy tweeted No one's buying C.D.'s It's streaming numbers that have pushed her to the top I wonder for Hadley what you make of that in terms of the success of Cardi b. If it was still a cd purchase world primarily would hardly be have a shot of breaking the top 100 or is she really a product of her time I think that's a really important point actually because the billboard formula that ranks the songs on the Hot 100 charts that formula has changed to include streaming services like find a 5 title Apple Music Pandora You Tube views which actually give us a more accurate view of what people are actually listening to in the cd era we had measures of what people were purchasing But as you know research of these kinds of things these numbers actually feel more truthful because it means that people are consuming the song over and over and over and over again on top of that we have returned to a Fingal's market in the cd era it was all about buying a whole album so a car to be would have dropped below deck yellow but have to have an entire album attached to that song in order to get this kind of machine to rev up and promote her and in the way that it has but in this era we have people drop a mixtape we have people dropping just singles whenever they want because they can because distribution supports that and so we'll see what she chooses to do with her next delivery she drops another song and she doesn't have a mixtape So that's a long way of saying she's absolutely a product of her time in the way the artist are and the fact that you know beyond they can drop a visual album with little fanfare before hand and so we see lots of artists finding ways in which to use this. Dynamically different musical landscape in which we find ourselves that met dynamically differ from even 10 years ago or even 5 years ago to their advantage and I think she's. Incredibly astute at how they use both that change and on and digital listening and streaming and coupled with her really powerful social media presence to her ultimate advantage of as I wonder if you could paint a picture of how you've seen rise in terms of it relate particularly and maybe well I don't know if you can make any other extrapolations between Carty be an other hip hop artists mother women in hip hop but in terms of the chicken egg question as a start by dropping a mixtape and then people find her on streaming does it start with that one track that just kind of the people watch on You Tube and then they flew search out her other music beyond say maybe a bad example because Beyonce could put out an album on Edison wax cylinder and everybody would buy it but with Carty be an artist like her where is the spark usually before the artist catch fire. You know I have to say that at the end of the day it's exactly that Carty is a product of his generation and she has the Internet on her side she's very business savvy despite what people think. And she knows how to use the internet and her and her core fan base to her advantage She's a smart woman you know going back to that conversation comparing you know not comparing but since she since you guys bought her Rhapsody and card to be and how Rhapsody this incredibly talented mc who is the serving of of all the number ones you know I'm a huge fan of hers we have to understand what party represents Carvey represents the the girl from around the way that we all grew to love the one who's extra The one they are wary of almost inviting to 2 fancy places the person in the you know the girl who's allowed who's too loud who's too extra. And then and she's being celebrated for that. For if you know there's a space that she carved herself in mainstream in mainstream popular culture in mainstream America. She wasn't invited to this she wasn't invited to the space but she made her way and I think that's significant we have to we have we can't compare Rhapsody it's a car to be rhapsodies a phenomenal rapper and she's brilliant in her lexicon and her narrative is far different but party b. Is rapping for the girl who was too loud and was unwelcome and bases like a top top you know Billboard Hot 100 Jamie email to the point that you're just making Jane emailed never heard of Carty But just after hearing the tiny amount you played of her latest hit I recognize talent in her voice I don't care what the song was about nor the fact that the accompany of it sounded like a 1000000 other songs nor that I'm not a hip hop fan I will not soon forget her name just from the few measures I heard of her wonderful voice and Ms Williams tweets I don't know what card. Rise indicates about women in hip hop today but she's certainly making an impression on girls and then Ms Williams linked to a tweet that reads I like Hardy because she is brave she don't let nobody control her she corrupt she controls her own self that was written by an 11 year old Marshall. Yes And I think that's awesome because we're you know going back we have done is stand by this is someone who we we question cards humanity from day one we question the her humanity and humanity of women like her simply because they aren't the quote unquote exceptional girl they're not collegiate graduates they're not climbing the corporate ladder there's something very revolutionary about her existing This loudly where she comes she's afeard she's of African Caribbean heritage and her lineage her history the history of silence she's overcoming a history of silence whether or not she's aware that Ernesto writes My wife loves Carty She's rude and sexually open assuming he's a friend a card to be there not his wife but anyway are enough to rights what does this say about women besides that they want to be just as ridiculous as the guys in hip hop professor he thought wonder if you could take that one on about some of the but earnestness point look I'm a I'm a rhapsody fan. She's from Snow Hill North Carolina I'm from Kinston North Carolina it's Ok to minutes away. And there used to be a there was a time when I was a whole field of commercially prominent women MCs each with a different sound and personality and I think now. Hip hop culture has bottlenecked in such a way that there's this there can only be one mindset with a lot of forced comparisons and contests you know we make these comparisons and I have asked why though right but one thing I think that Carty be has. On her side is a real is a real intimacy with her audience I've had any number of conversations with women specifically women who remark I'm so happy for her I'm so happy for Cordy be so it's the story. It's also her mastery of a technology that gives people access to her story I mean both that yellow is a redemption song you know we identify with her to an extent she's one of us if you pay attention a car to be on the on all of her various platforms she's still a fan right she's still happy to meet her Idol she's still you know surprised to be here. I was watching some love and hip hop New York the start of. Season 6 now Season 7 actually when she's sort of come back she started to get some more attention and she says you know my life has changed drastically I feel famous you know and she completely understands the format and the formula of those of those reality shows even if she's not too cool for school she doesn't pretend that she's not totally excited to be on the show. And she just has this sort of layered appeal again. And an idea of redemption but at yellow I mean she talks about. I mean her dental work you know it's I think and I think a lot of people can relate to it well but there's always this question about respectability is there I mean we'll get into some of this tomorrow we'll be speaking to the coach on this program about his new book and there's always this issue as it relates to people of color and images of respectability and the fact of the matter is that Carty b. Was a stripper she's rapping about kind of typical gangster rap hip hop tropes and a number of a number of our listeners are not impressed knowledge tweets it's too bad that one like Jean Grey who rhymes intelligently with the poetry aspect while in place does not have a wave of mainstream and then emailed she's very talented but I have a problem with her use of the n. Word and other lyrics that are less than feminist to say the least and before you ask yes I'm critical of male rappers too on the same issues for their Hadlee What about that this idea that a woman like Carty be can be successful as long as she's respectable and as soon as she starts rapping about some of the same you know Trap music gangsta rap tropes that the guys rap about it kind of puts an asterisk next to her record. I really bristle line of logic because I think that what I really would like to see is diversity of women in hip hop and the presence of women have 5 not as tokenism but as representative as we keep talking about and this conversation Cardi be is largely successful because something about who she is in addition to what she's actually rapping about connects with people and in our conversations about hip hop about others are as jazz rock pop music we often minimize the experiences of women fans of Girls fans we treat girls fans of groups like one direction or Taylor Swift or whomever as if they are not even infant tile in their feelings about why that our connect with them and I find a lot of that sentiment rife in our conversations of our car t.v. And as opposed to giving it the validity it deserves and really taking the time to understand that resonance and if we look at the history of African-American music in particular this isn't the 1st time you know we've had a woman reject respectability in the ways in which we generally talk about it with black people and with women the blues was all about that people like Bessie Smith Rainey were were became famous and they were pop stars in their day because of how the body and honest they were about all of the messiness of human life and in particular women's human lives and so you know this idea that we have to choose a card to be or a recipe or aging gray or a Angel Haze or whomever I want to see all of them in the space just in the same way in which we allow. Men male rappers to occupy multiple lanes and then you know the whole idea about. Past as a stripper you know I find to be really interesting because she is able to stripping a stripper culture has been mined by male rappers. Indulgently for for years in hip hop and so now we have a woman who is able to not just be. You know to help move women from being the visual process in these narratives other lyrical references and this narrative to actually speak to the experience of what it was like to do that work and why she is happy she is no longer doing that work and I think all of that is deserves and merits really nuanced thinking and our best writing in conversations I'm Joshua Johnson You're listening to one day. Rebecca writes Why isn't anyone talking about Carter translation of bodach yellow into Spanish That's a huge reason why she's number one Spanish speakers and Latino people are a huge presence in this country they're pulling up for someone who represented them on the pop charts what about that that's another as another. Factor that that I love about Cardi be. Carty be is where I'm from we come from the same place Spanish is imperfect her Spanish is very much Ebonics fan and she's of the minicon enchanted that he inherited so for her to go and do a remakes and in her in her Spanish and her lexicon so you know to the extent that she can grasp the Spanish language I thought was beautiful because that's the kind of Spanish I speak that's the kind of Spanish that my family speaks were the minicon as well and there's so much respectability politics the tach to you know the kind of English that 1 May speak or the kind of Spanish that 1 May speak and I love that she did the find that and absolutely you know Latinos are a huge demographic and she absolutely knew what she was doing when she pulled the science into the booth and I think it was I think was great let me get to a few more of your comments before our time Ross tweets I don't understand new hip hop so I'm not a fan give me anything from the ninety's and earlier show writes it's about talent many artists have had shady or unimpressive jobs before hitting their stride don't look back celebrate and hip hop psychologist tweets Carty b. And her song bodach yellow offer a different type of empowerment for black women it's a form of taking lemons and making lemonade story Stevie in Silver Spring Maryland writes I wish we were talking less about why Carty b. Has made it so big but instead about what the what about the music business makes it so difficult for talented women of color to get noticed I wonder if we might end on Stevie's question Stevie's point I wonder what is opening the door maybe for women in hip hop do you see card to be as part of a trend or is there something in particular that needs to be done to open the door farther briefly. I don't think that I hope that she's not part of a trend I know that she didn't she did there was no gimmick for her she wasn't assured and by a group of men like even some of our most beloved were low Kim Lauren Hill she she she emerged autonomy as Lee you know as a female entity in a male dominated industry which I think is rare. But I think that Carty is has a narrative that is worth celebrating that is worth. You know that brings nuance to to what we consider great female rappers and hopefully you know that opened the doors for more women like her Scott Heath What do you think briefly. I want to agree with that I think one of the things that makes car to be really distinct is is her do it yourself a static and it's one in which she's had no prominent Mayo sponsor if you will in the picture no why cliff no temple or no. And I think this is a situation that works to her benefit I mean even people like to compare to Nikki Menasha I think even Nikki is at her best when she does features and she often features opposite a masculine voice. So. You know she's able to transcend you know what what has what has been very common among women rappers even via the reality television circuit where stripping is normalized as a vocation could be as a treat achieved the transom is that a lot of her counterparts on other shows for instance have only pretended to and she's gotten to a place where she's able to offer her own voice respectable or not and briefly for Hadley I agree with what's been said and I hope that you know writers are scholars as journalists you know we do our job and helping to pay attention to the panty and the women rappers current young women rappers we talk about courtesy we talk directly there's no name there is President Ok You know there's a whole pantheon of these young women who are using the tools social media streaming to help cultivate their fan bases and we have to do our part to make sure that we're talking about them not just when we're talking about women in hip hop but when. We're talking about hip hop period that's Oberlin College assistant professor for Derek Hadley Professor Hadley thanks for talking to us thank you assistant professor Scott heath of Georgia State University thank you sir thank you and Mark Esteve as a senior editor at Vibe thanks very much thank you so much we will continue to follow the latest out of Las Vegas Sheriff Joe Lombardo now says that 58 people are dead after the shooting the number of injured has grown to 515 we'll have more here on your n.p.r. Member station and online at npr dot org this program comes to you from w. Am you part of American University in Washington distributed by n.p.r. Until we meet again I'm Joshua Johnson thank you so much for listening this is one egg. To. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from American Jewish World Service working together for more than 30 years to build a more just and equitable world learn more at a.j. 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