ratios. if you are in the military, you want a 3-1 ratio. you get into a city fight, you are talking 6-10 to 1. block to block, building by building, and he could lose this fight. this is the fight for the survival of ukraine. if he loses here, putin loses the war because that's what happened in world war ii. >> john: talk about the siege of kyiv, is he going to turn that into a massive version of mariupol? which has been decimated. the city has not been leveled, per se, but it has been so unbelievably damaged years to come back, and the impact to the civilian population, targets like the maternity hospital hit. is that what he's going do here? >> yes, old soviet tactics of mass artillery. kyiv is a 2,000-year-old city, population of 1.5 million, used to be 3 million and saw the scenes earlier. scenes like this, horrific.