Museum with the pacific war fredericksbu fredericksburg, texas. Fredericksburg, texas. Within hours of the attack on pearl harbor, attacked philippines and guam and also set sites 2,000 miles west of hon honolulu known as wake island. A handful of soldiers and about a thousand civilian contractors looked like an easy target for the japanese. They were dead wrong. Outgunned, they battled back for 16 games against Imperial Japan. Tonight meet the heroes of the battle for wake island who took on japan. In late 1936 pan american air waves, mammoth luxurious boats began carrying their wealthy clientel across the passive to the orient and australia. Needing to refuel along the way one of their stops was an island called wake island. They did have the wake island hote ohn theou ahor of e baleor keisand. Eopl wou comout and enjoy great food at the hotel. Spend the rest of their day in their stop over Walking Around and realizing theres not a heck of a lot on this place. Thats putting it mildly. Until pan am built its fuel stop and hotel, it was specs of quar vast Pacific Ocean. Wake is furthest west in the pacific. Almost like it was the wild west of the water wilderness. But as Japanese Aggression in the pacific became more threatening to the u. S. President roosevelt recognized wakes location was crucial to protect ing the hawaii islands. Huge companies were assigned to develop bases at wake and guam and other places in the pacific. They had been instrument in building the hoover dam. They began arriving january 1941. How did you begin working. We heard the salary was about three times what it was in the states. 22yearold idahonative couldnt wait to head out to the pacific. I arrived april 13, 1941. It looked like a desolate place, the highest place was 14 feet above sea level, so i knew one big wave and youre gone. There were 11,045 civilian workers looking to make a little bit of money and adventure. Did anyone tell you, joe, that this place was vulnerable to attack by the japanese. No we were thinking about getting rich. What were the construction workers building . They were building the base of the facilities there and the airstrip. Since the shore of wakes defenses by 38yearold marine major. In october 41 major devoro came out with marines and his orders were to build defenses and he said what am i supposed to do if war comes and the response was, do the best you can. The new commander brought a sense of urgency to the personnel stationed there. There were six navy and approximately 500 marines. The marines were going around the clock, sand bagging and getting everything going. The marines and contractors worked together for long days under the scorching sun. When the days were done their lives were very different. We had two mess halls. They treated the marine different. The foot made the marines drool withen vie. We had real food, real beef steak, the food was absolutely beautiful. Even the marines werent concerned before war started. If theres going to be any trouble in the pacific everyone assumed it would be someone in the far east. But strategically wake island could serve add a stepping stone for attacking america. And wake island was a must have for devoro. He has six fiveinch guns, twelve threeinch guns and 24 machine guns only half were manned because he didnt have enough marines. As construction progressed, cunningham arrived to take overall command of the island. He was typically in charge of everything but devoro took care of defenses manned by the marines. On the on the 24th of december, a very sparse air defense arrived over wake. One of the pilots was 27yearold former pan am mechanic. We had four planes we had been flying for about a month. On the morning of december 1941, wake island, west of the International Date line, word spread that an attack was unleashed on pearl harbor. They know when pearl harbor was bombed and yet the only thing done to prevent their 12 airplanes from disappearing is keep them going. They sent up four on Search Missions and the other eight were on the ground. On the morning of the attack we were heading towards the marsh. None of the four ever cited the japanese. I was getting ready to go to lunch. We heard honolulu was attacked and we poopooed it. We said oh, no they would never bomb us. But around noon that day all hell broke loose on wake island. The sun over the airport, you see all these black things dropping. Whats whats going through your head at that point . Confused, completely. They hit the airport, the guys are still in the cockpits, quite a few of them got killed right there. I mean it was frightening, that island is terribly small. One came in over pan am and completely destroyed it. The other came in over our airstrip, got those planes over the ground and just made a mess out of everything out there. The bombs were dropping all around you. And your head was rattling, i mean rattling after days of devastatesing bombing attacks, the next assault came from the sea, this assault came from the sea, this time devoro and his men were usaa makes me feel like im a car buying expert in no time at all. There was no stress. It was in and out. If i buy a car through usaa, i know im getting a fair price. We realized, okay, this not only could be convenient, we could save a lot of money. I was like, wow, if i could save this much, then i could actually maybe upgrade a little bit. And it was just easy. Usaa, they just really make sure that youre well taken care of. Usaa Car Buying Service. Powered by truecar. Online and on the usaa app. December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the attack yesterday on the hawaii islands has caused severe damage. The government the government has also launched an attack against mala, guam, the philippines islands, the japanese attacked wake island. As the japanese were wreaking havoc lieutenant was 12,000 feet in the air flying south on a reconmission and unaware of the planes below him flying north to bomb wake island. We didnt know that happened until we got back on the ground. When we got back the whole island was in flames and the planes had been shot out. Mechanics had been killed. The men were without defense faciliti facilities. Facilities. We we were in a state of shot and realized this is a do or do. And do they did. Commander Winfield Scott cunningham and jim devoro knew the japanese would return. They came back next day. Second day same time, they started bombing the five inch 51 battery areas. For two days after the first attack, 19yearold private first class to jack skags stood ready for the japanese on wilks island. They hit us they hit us every day in the daytime, at 11 30. We knew where they were coming from. Our fire our fire planes would have four planes up scouting for them and when they spotted them they call in their altitude. And so an aircraft did pretty well. It became a pretty hardened group right off the bat. Of the 14,050 civilians volunteered to take up arms. Between 400 and 450. They trained to learn how to use the guns and the navy was there to assist the marines. We volunteered. They said you have to go out into the brush and every man to himself. They didnt have enough man, the machine guns and the antiaircraft and the five inch, they had to defend the civilians. Major was very wise in thinking, the japanese are flying over and spot where my threeinch guns are and tell where the next attack is, so i got to move them. And we moved them guns every night and left up the parapit so it looks like it was still there. These plans would fly by some recon and on december 11th as one japanese said, it will be a cake walk. Whats the first inkling they get an invasion is about to take place. When they spotted ships at sea. I was on i was on duty with the corporal, it was late in the evening and we just made out two ships, they looked like ghost ships. But what he saw was very real. It was part of japanese armada of 14 ships und. Major said the only thing we could do is try to fool the japanese. He hoped to trick them into thinking the base defenses had been so badly damage that there was nothing left there. Passed on the word and figured they would be here at first light and to not a single man to fire shot until i give the order. They were getting closer and closer all the time. And opened up from about 7,000 yards with his big guns off the coast, narrowing the range all the time, and he thought, theres no fire back. We let them come in and come in and come in and the guys were begging let us fire, let us fire and he kept saying, no, wait. And at 4,000 yards he gave the order to open fire. And we unleashed on them. We fired on every ship they had out there. Three days after pearl harbor the marines and civilians were holding off 14 enemy ships. As a contractor what are you doing during this gun fight . Im helping out on the aircraft. We had one sergeant and twelve civilians. One of the batterys did succeed in sinking one of the destroyers and basically the whole crew was lost with it. Our gunfired and blew him in two. He was stunned. His ship was riddled with hits. He had to turn tail. Losing two ships and almost 400 men and the embarrassment of being the only japanese attack in the early part of the war to be turned back. There was a little cheer. Oh, yes we went ape. Ordered from the impeeror high command were clear, take the island at any cost. Thats next on war stories. I built my business with passion. But i keep it growing by making every dollar count. Thats why i have the spark cash card from capital one. 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Plus, three hundred dollars in credits for every line you switch. To make your appointment call at t and switch the easy way. Tand thats what were doings to chat xfinity. Rself, we are challenging ourselves to improve every aspect of your experience. And this includes our commitment to being on time. Every time. Thats why if were ever late for an appointment, well credit your account 20. Its our promise to you. Were doing everything we can to give you the best experience possible. Because we should fit into your life. Not the other way around. Its gotten squarer. Over the years. Brighter. Bigger. Its gotten thinner. Even curvier. But whats next . For all binge watchers. Movie geeks. Sports freaks. X1 from xfinity will change the way you experience tv. Now the men on wake island knew, okay, we repulsed them this one time, but theyre going to come back, they just didnt know when for sure. Still licking their wounds, admiral kameto kuroshimas aircraft was back the next day. Pretty much every day there was a bombing attack. At almost 11 30 every day we would be hit. Looked like bushels of apples being thrown at us because the bombs were small. But the japanese werent completely alone in the sky. Defending the battered wake island airstrip were the four remaining wildcats. They took to the air. I went back up almost every day, there was about six air planes that were attacking. Fortunately i was safe enough to make another run, and eventually we thought maybe someone would come and help us. Everyone assumed the island would be reenforced or evacuated. The the civilians assumed they would be evacuated because they were promised that the government would take care of them and the marines zum zum assumed the navy would be here. They told us there was a convoy of ships coming. Evacuate the men and reenforce with more marines and more air planes. On 14, december, the Pacific Fleet commander dispatched a force from hawaii. While the convoy was in route admiral kimmel was fired and successor had second thoughts about the operation, he was thinking what if the japanese arrive, does he want to go down as the man who lost the rest of the navy or does he want to be the man who saved wake island. He thought i cant be a commander who loses the rest of the fleet. Well he ended up deciding i better save the navy. That was more valuable for the rest of the war effort to keep these ships afloat than to keep wake island. If they came that would be good, if not, then they did the best they could. A lot of guys were upset about them not coming. The men say we hold no illwill towards anyone it was the deck of cards we were dealt. Were marines. The men were isolated and desperate and the japanese attack were intensifying. We were being bombed day and night. They must have ordered to take this place regardless of the price. And they came in on the 23rd with a convenient gans. With a vengeance. They were ordered to take the island at any cost. That morning 42 ships on the right, thats a lot of ships, and they were battle ships, cruisers, aircraft carriers admiral learned his lesson well on december 11th. He started from a much farther range. He wasnt going to let his he wasnt going to let his big ships within range of wake island. They hit from the side, the rear, the front, they were real organized, early, early in the morning maybe around 2 00 or 3 00, the japanese landed on wake with an company of men. They started landing on wilks, then on peel and then on wake. You could hear people rushing through the bush. They landed around 3 00 a. M. And continued fighting for the next four or five or six hours as a last stand battle. The odds were against us. With 1200 japanese ashore with 1200 japanese ashore ared with weapons like this, t at ally bank no branches equals great rates. Its a fact. Kind of like playing the boss equals the boss wins. Wow youre down with crestor. Yes when diet and exercise arent enough, adding crestor lowers bad cholesterol up to 55 . Crestor is not for people with liver disease, or women who are nursing, pregnant, or may become pregnant. Tell your doctor all medicines you take. Call your doctor if you have muscle pain or weakness, feel unusually tired, have loss of appetite, upper belly pain, dark urine, or yellowing of skin or eyes. These could be signs of serious side effects. Im down with crestor make your move. Ask your doctor about crestor. We were in a german dance group. I wore lederhosen. So i just started poking around on ancestry. Then, i decided to have my dna tested through ancestry dna. It turns out im scottish. So, i traded in my lederhosen for a kilt. At ally bank no branches equals great rates. Its a fact. Kind of like shopping hungry equals overshopping. 23 december, 1941, at 0200, 1200 japanese marines storm the wake island. The remaining american defenders now face their toughest battle yet. Show me the lay out of the defenses. One battery at peel island and one at wake island and one at wilks island over here. The japanese sent two forces against the southern shoreline and then a third of a hundred japanese came in about the middle of wilk island where you had jack skag theres. We didnt know how many people they put ashore. We could still hear them talking. No american talking, we could hear the japanese talking. Did any of them come right across the beach there. We had one of our men killed, shot him right in the head. Came down to waves of attack by the japanese. They would fight that one off and then another wave. The man next to me, ernie benson, i had his blood all over me. And i had another guys blood all over me. They said youre hit, joe. I was hit mostly by coral. As the men swarmed across the island, communications were cut off. He doesnt know what is going on. He he assumed and major did too, that the japanese were succeeding so at 5 00 he sent a cable out saying enemy on island issue in doubt. About two hours later cunningham and devoro started talk about surrender. The issue is up to the issue is up to commander cunningham neither wanted to be the first to say we should surrender. Everything fell apart. There were no places to hide. So he would say what do you think and they went back and forth like that a little bit until cunningham said, i think we better give it over to them. They based that decision on the fact that further fighting would do nothing to stop the japanese and so on that reason they decided to surrender. Here comes the truck down the road from major with the white flag. And another8in officer or two w him said its over with, surrender. Whats whats going on in your mind when you get the word to surrender . About the worse day about the worse day of my life. We dropped everything and went up on the road and i saw these two japanese come up. That was the first people i saw. Had to have your hands up in the air. Of of course they come up to us and you can see the shaking. So that made us scared because we didnt want to get stuck, see. Most of them were taken to the airstrip where a lot of them were bound up with wire. They tied us up like this and around the neck and made us sit down. We just sat down row after row. Lieutenant who was in the 78 hospital had been taken to the airstrip where he was forced to kneel on the hard surface. They tied your hands around your back and around your neck, you have to work your way so you can get a little slack to keep from choking. He had lost 850 men to the u. S. Marines and civilians. Those now facing captivity thought they would be next. Of course we thought first of all that they would take us out and shoot us. They had guns aimed at us and we felt thats what we were going to get. And finally a japanese interpreter got up on a platform and announced Something Like tokyo has demanded that we not kill all of you. Beaten and bruised pow couldnt have known they had become legends. State of the Union Message the survivors of that great fight are liberated and restored to their home they will learn that 130 million fellow citizens have been inspired to surrou furt further sacrifice. American needed heroes and as fdr spoke hollywood was well on its way to producing wake island starring famed character actors. After wake after wake fell, the japanesepf raised their flag over the island and assessed what to do withyu american powus. They had 1100 civilian constructionh military. So they had to do something with them. The japanese the welltrained marines and highlyskilled labors would be useful in their empire. As aso e china, learned some of the brothers wouldnt make the trip. The base facilities hadnt been completed yet so the japaneseqaujt qq toyjaq keep most valuable workers there. Leaving 98 americn z6 behin those skilled men were lefnt on wake island. We didnt know what to think. It was all bad. Bc÷n until january 1942, the pows were rounde4y0n up. This rare photograph shows civilians being aboarded the japanese ship. Jack skags still has a copy of the regulations he and the2u others wereln handed. These are the orders each prisoner received prior to being put on the japanese ship. And the first item, disobeying the following orders will be punished with immediate death. Did they tell you where they take you . lex no. My contract was up6,÷ that very day. We were very, very4e cf1 o disappointed. We went over we went over to the ship and were met with a long line of japanese. And and to run the gauntlet is what it was. You got beaten well. I got knocked down as well as the fellow next to me, bleeding like a stuffed hog. I mean, they were using clubs lpp january january 1942, for twelve days the japanese ship carried the wake island defenders east, their destination, japanese occupied china and thenfo guar aboard were hell bent on revenge. They beat everyone with a club. We never got out of the hold. We stayed in the hold. Of course as you know, we lost, i think five men. They were so intense on killing your enemy that these five officers that beheaded. Who did the beheading . It was enlisted men. It was just a case of showing off their superiority to their people but they never told us about it. The american pows arrived in china 24 january, 1942. Just below the shanghai boone docks we got off there and they walked us i dont know how many miles. It was colder than hell. They joined 200 others captured. After the brutality of their voyage to china this speech by commander cunningham is particularly unnerving. I have a message for the president of the United States. In the face of superiority we werej . w÷ obliged to give up wa island. Have been well treated and wish to thank the people of china for their consideration. The camps in china were rough did everything they could to do you in. Brutal as hell. There was one named the beast of the east, ishihara was very cruel. He loved to beat on you. And call you rotten names. He beat on you . One time. Across the back. It wasnt a bad beating. With a stick . Cat of nine tails. Though beaten day in and day out, the american pows never lost their honor. War stories suppose with major devoro as he spoke of his proud defines. Marched straight out, eyes up straight ahead, i looked at the japanese around, their faces showed a mixture of admiration and bewillederment. What kind of men were these americans thatdm they can still keep their courage and selfrespect. In in the long years to come they often protested but you dont act like prisoners, they never understood. There were a few times that some men were allowed to commune case via mailful. Case via mail. What is this. This is a Christmas Card from my mother stoeent to me in chin. ÷÷ em may long be your birthday and in years to come, wish you a happy one now, from your mom and teresa, my sister. That got through the censors. It got through the centssor with the war against the japanese now in full gear wake island wasnt forgotten. Pan american air waves joined the war efforts to transport troops, supplies and even president roosevelt to the casabl casabl casablanca in casablanca in 1943. U. S. U. S. Bombers, 98op u srps remained on the island. What happens to the american prisoners left on wake island. They had to endure some of the american bombings on wake island. n suppose ta positi n suppose ta positive. Positive. They could have been killed as well as the japanese soldier. As the bombings became more intense, the commander felt i have to retaliate. He was angry. On 6 october, 1943, he exploded in anger and took revenge on the 98 americans. He took them down to the beach and had them all gunned down. Murder by the japanese. Murder by the japanese. After three after three years of brutal captivity, marine afiator seizes a chance of freedom aboard a speeding train. The train was going 30 to 40 miles an hour. Jjgn in the dark you just have to jump out and figure you can make may 1945, it had been three years and five months since wake had fell and the americans did everything they could to survive the hell of japanese pow camps. Every man wanted to escape but few thought they had possibility of success. Kenny knew he was going to try to escape and he had his chance of may 1945 when they decidedto move the people to japan. So when that happened, four of us were going to had planned to escape. Fellow marine rode on the same train. It moves through china. And the train was going 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was two openings in the box car. We decided we had to use whatever time we had to get out of t on the box car. They took the chance and jumped. We didnt know if we were going to hit a tree or whatever. Dart in the dark you jump and hope you can make it. The japanese had been pouring around and we didnt find out 2348 the next day that five men escaped. I was being chased by dogs and other chinese. Kenny was separated from the others for a little bit. He made his way to the chinese and took a chance. Didnt know if they would be friendly or not. We were asking chinese along the way to help us. And most of them would say, if well get our head cut off if we help but some chinese did help. Communist chinese. Kenny went a thousand days. Had picture shows kenny with chinese trying to assist him. One month later he boarded a plane for a sevenday trip back to washington, d. C. I did the best i could. I came home. With the empire under attack from all sides, the japanese moved kennys comarade still captive from china into japan itself. Scattered across the country the americans were forced to work under harder conditions. Japan was a lot worse. Another year i would never have made it. Seven days a week outside tok tokyo. It was terrible, the damn fleas and mice eating you and at night the rats running over your face, you know, theyre hungry too. We had we had seven day work week. We worked every day. This is a picture of jack taken at the prison camp. I weighed 103 pounds at that time. Death and disease was rampant. 1,462 wake 1,462 wake defenders ships to camps, 231 die in captivity, those still alive were in the cross hairs of allied bombers. We were hearing american planes going all around. I was in tokyo, big explosions coming down. The japanese sat us down one time and said if you think were going to leave you here to bury us youre crazy as hell so that kind of s3zqa us. Japanese gunner say the americans had dumped tons of gasoline all over the city and set it on fire and thats the atomic bomb he was talking about. They didnt know what it they didnt know what it was. On the 15th of august, the themperor of japan ordered the troops to surrender. So one night about 11 00 at night someone running in the dark, sure as hell, damn war was over. The wake island defenders spent 1,321 days the growing up, we were german. We danced in a german dance group. I wore lederhosen. When i first got on ancestry i was really surprised that i wasnt finding all of these germans in my tree. I decided to have my dna tested through ancestry dna. The big surprise was were not german at all. 52 of my dna comes from scotland and ireland. So, i traded in my lederhosen for a kilt. Ancestry has many paths to discovering your story. Get started for free at ancestry. Com. Ad meral yields. General general sanderson signs for the United States and soon afterwards the marines bring the American Flag back to the island in the far pacific. He tried to conceal the murder of the 98 earn maamerica scattered the remains in an attempt to say they died from bombs but two years later he met his fate in a war crimes trial. He was executed for slaughtering the civilians on wake. And after almost four years the pows returned to a changed america. Things had changed a lot in those four years. Did you see the movie, wake island. Yes they had a special showing for us in december of 1945. Then we decided maybe we were heroes. Horrible. Horrible. The actors that were in it and the story is not right. You have a certain sense of pride that they made a movie about you . Yeah i did. I did have. I just felt that the producer should have got ahold of some marines to he help him make the movie. What is the legacy of wake island . That heroes come in that heroes come in unexpected places and unexpected forms. Theyre average, theyre average, ordinary americans doing what they have to do. I think we all did a good job for what we had there. Americans will fight when they have to fight and they had got great pride in their country. The g heroic defense of wake island was ac mr dramatic boost american morale in those dark days of december 1941, outgunned and eventually overwhelmed the 16 day battle proved to many, America Fighting alone in the pacific could indeed beat the entire empire of japan, a small bend of warriors aroused a sleeping giant. Theirs is a war story that deserves to be told. Mnja im oliver north, good night. Tonight on war stories nobody intended to come back. December 7th, 1941. The japanese unleashed a secret weapon, midget submarines. We thought it was a german uboat. A lone destroyer sank a midget submarine an hour before the air attack on pearl harbor. Weve got a midget sub. Now its discovery is rewriting history. This probably is important. Tonight we prove the first casualties of the pacific war were the japanese. Thats next on war stories. Good evening. Im here at pearl harbor. Welcome to war soirz. It was right here at 7 55 on sunday december 7th, 1941 that the empire of japan launched the savage surprise attack on u. S. Forces in the pacific. When it was over 2,403 americans were dead, 21 warships were sunk or damaged, and six air fields had been bombed. But what many do not know is that it wasnt just an air raid. The Japanese Imperial navy also planned to attack the u. S. Pacific fleet with a secret weapon five midget submarines. Fortunately, their attack was foiled. In part by the Alert Response of uss ward, an old destroyer manned by a reserve navy crew. For more than 60 years members of the ward maintained that they had sunk one of the japanese midget subs shortly before the air attack began. Yet no evidence could ever be found to prove their claim. Then on august 28th, 2002 just a few miles outside the mouth of pearl harbor a research submarine from the Hawaii Undersea Research laboratory had a discovery that confirmed the destroyer ward fired the first shot and scored the first victory over the japanese attackers. Tonight well take you inside a littleknown chapter of world war ii, and youll meet the japanese sailors who believed in death before defeat. Spring 1940. With his eyes focused on war in japan, president roosevelt ordered the u. S. Pacific fleet from san diego to pearl harbor. By 1941 some said it was the most heavily garrisoned island in the world, and it was defended by every branch of our armed forces. Though the rest of the world was at war, the only thing the young soldiers and sailors stationed there were expecting were sunny days. What was hawaii like in june of 1941 . Paradise. Lovely. Army Second Lieutenant steve wiener from pittsburgh, pennsylvania arrived at pearl harbor to work as a communications officer. From june to december it was like a social world. Wed go to Waikiki Beach to the outrigger ka noouing club. And there i met doris duke. We did have wonderful liberties. We would go there, get a drink for 50 cents. A freshfaced kid from st. Paul, minnesota when he signed up for the naval reserve. A long way from the naval reserve. Why the navy . My buddies in high school had joined the naval reserve. Many of the young fellas joined the national guard. And then of course rather than crawling around in the mud up at camp ripley, as part of being a soldier, we cruised on the great lake. And for a young 17yearold kid that was really a great trip. With 85 other minnesota reserveists fireman first class swedberg climbed along the destroyer uss ward. The ward had been taken out of mothballs for escort duty and to protect ships at pearl harbor. We flew all the way from san diego to hawaii in a squadron. From san pedro, california 24yearold pilot William Tanner was assigned to squadron 14 flying a pby reconnaissance aircraft. I was happy to see the island. The weather was great. It was real nice to be there. It was a beautiful place. To these boys the war in europe felt very far away. We know that mussolini was building up his forces and of course some of the buddies that i had, they were wondering hoping they wouldnt have to be going and fighting against their cousins. But it all changed with the rise of the dragon. Japan was a nation ruled by an emperor, a tradition dating back centuries. But a ruthless Imperial Military held the real power in japan, and their goal was to dominate all of asia and the pacific. Japans population was exploding. And the greatest problem in the 30s was lack of land and natural resources. Dependent on imports for its nearly 65 Million People, Imperial Japan was hungry for industrial expansion. To do this you need large amounts of Raw Materials which you had to import, things such as coal, steel, the things needed for a modern economy. Jack green is a curator and historian for the naval historian center. Japan needed a market for her new industrial space. She looked upon china as being that market, and she wantedit to basically start out a policy of expansion. In 1931 japan conquered manchuria, forcing its Million People into slavery. The league of nations protested and ordered them to pull out. Japan refused and made world headlines. At geneva japan was rebuked and withdrew from the league in this memorable scene. Tokyo delegate masuoku announcing the withdrawal. Japan, however, finds it impossible to accept the report adopted by the assembly. Over the next seven years japan made land grabs of nearly 550,000 square miles. Half the world away in washington japanese diplomats denied they were going to attack america, but on december 12th, 1937 the first salvo was fired. The first outbreak of hostilities between the japanese and the americans takes place in 1937 when the uss panay, american gunboat, was attacked by japanese aircraft. Two sailors were killed and 48 were injured. We protested. The japanese apologized. The attack was without semblance of justification. Washington protested sternly. Tokyo apologized profusely. Excuse, please. And relations grew worse because of the sinking of the panay. Fdr now realized japan was more than just a threat to the far east. In a bold military move he ordered the entire Pacific Fleet to pearl harbor to protect our west coast and our territories in the pacific. The United States had been pouring troops and equipment into hawaii and the philippines, where most americans felt the war would eventually start. Japanese looked upon this as saber rattling. Japan was entirely dependent on foreign oil and 80 of it came from the u. S. On september 25th, 1940 fdr sent a strong warning. By reducing the flow of oil and other exports to japan. Two days later the japanese sent a warning of their own and found new friends. Japan joined the axis as the european war was raging, the militaryists of tokyo aligned themselves with the totalitarian dictators. When japan signed the tripartite pact aligning itself with germany and italy, becoming one of the axis powers, this further alien yates the United States from japan. Over the next ten months relations deteriorated until finally all oil exports were stopped. The only enemy for america in the pacific at that time was japan. Every war plan that had been created since the turn of the century had japan as a potential enemy. Earl burlingame is an editor for the hawaii star bulletin, and then the book advance force pearl harbor. Why then did they ultimately decide they have to attack the americans . Hawaii was a thorn in the side of the japanese, and if japan had taken the Hawaiian Islands hawaii would have been a thorn in the side to the americans. Whoever controlled the pacific had to control hawaii. Japanese admiral yamamoto once said if were to have a war with america well have no hope of winning unless the u. S. Fleet in hawaiian waters can be destroyed. Find out how the japanese planned to penetrate the massive fortifications here in hawaii. Thats next on war stories. Usaa makes me feel like im a car buying expert in no time at all. There was no stress. It was in and out. If i buy a car through usaa, i know im getting a fair price. We realized, okay, this not only could be convenient, we could save a lot of money. I was like, wow, if i could save this much, then i could actually maybe upgrade a little bit. And it was just easy. Usaa, they just really make sure that youre well taken care of. Usaa Car Buying Service. Powered by truecar. Online and on the usaa app. By 1941 only one obstacle stood between japan and their quest to expand their empire the u. S. Pacific fleet. Specifically at pearl harbor it could interfere with their southern movement. The japanese needed the raw material of southeast asia. Despite the nearly 3,900 miles of ocean between japan and hawaii the Japanese Military knew theyd have to have a top secret plan for a surprise attack. The man who was to spearhead the pearl harbor attack was japanese admiral yisoruku yamamoto. Nicknamed the mischievous devil the 359yearold naval officer was an avid gambler. Spoke english well, attended harvard and was a military attache in the 1920s. He initially was opposed to giving in to the war. Admiral yamnoto realized if they were going to go to war with america they had to knock america out of the game very quickly and the only way to disable the u. S. Fleet permanently was to create the largest Striking Force the world has ever known. He described the plan of attack that was eventually worked out by the Japanese Imperial fleet. The plan that was developed under yamamotos auspices called for a massive aerial attack using as many carriers as they could get together. There were six carriers two, battleships, two cruisers and a whole host of support ships and auxiliary. Roughly half of the Japanese Submarine fleet was also sent to hawaii. There had never been a Striking Force that large in the history of mankind at that point. Planning the aerial assault wouldnt be easy. The task would fall to this young japanese pilot, mitsu mitsuo fushida. His plan would involve more than 420 aircraft including dive bombers, fighters, and torpedo planes. While the japanese were busy planning their massive air attack pack in pearl harbor the admiral was settling into his new job as commander in chief of the Pacific Fleet. Paramount on his mind the threat of enemy submarines. German uboats off the east coast had been having great successes sinking british shipping on the way over, and we knew that the japanese would do pretty much the same thing. Sew trained his guys in preparation for a Japanese Submarine attack. He didnt have the resources to prepare for both a submarine and aerial attack, so he concentrated on the probable threat, not the possible threat. Patrolling around the islands were six squadrons, 12 planes each of pby aircraft. Ensign William Tanner flew some of those daily patrols. The pby plane was for longrange reconnaissance. They could fly about 700 or 800 miles on a patrol and return. We were in an alert status. Thats why we would have the orders to sink submarines in certain areas. And one of those certain areas was the entrance to pearl harbor. We were flying these patrols every morning. Somebody was out there. What was your job aboard the ward . I was a fireman first class. Which meant i was in the boilter rooms. Our duty was to guard the harbor, provide escort duty whenever it was needed. The sailors aboard the old fourstack destroyer were also on the lookout for enemy submarines. By 1941 the Imperial Japanese navy boasted more than 60 firstclass submarines in its fleet. They were longrange submarines, similar to german uboats. Their submarines could cross the pacific and go back without refueling. Ours needed to be fueled. The ward on this particular night was making lazy figure 8s, sounding with our relatively new sonar. When we first got it, we brought up a lot of fish. One particular day after we some of the tuna floated up the captain says lower the whaleboat, were going to have fish tonight. The narrow mouth to pearl harbor was fortified with yet another defense to submarines. Theres also across the mouth of pearl harbor an antisubmarine, antimine, antitorpedo net. It extended down about 20 or 30 feet. But the depth of the harbor at that point was only about 60 feet or so. So they didnt think any submarine could get past it. But they had to open and close it to let other ships in and out, and the japanese apparently knew all about that. Lets talk about the help that they had. There were german agents in place. There were japanese spies. What contribution did they make to this attack on pearl harbor . . The japanese had a system for generally collecting General Information from great numbers of the population. Theyd move it back to japan. The germans had a very organized Intelligence Network that would use one or two guys in place. The german agents passed information back to japan. One of them was a playboy, dushk lochlt popoff. His mission, to report on the military facilities at pearl harbor. But it turned out he was a double agent working for the british. Popoffs Liaison Officer in British Intelligence was a guy named ian fleming and he based james bond on popoffs exploits during world war ii. As the japanese gathered intelligence for their attack our boys continued to train, unaware of the ominous threat on the horizon. We certainly had no idea, and im sure nobody did, that the japanese fleet would stay close enough and wage an attack. Coming up next, the japanese i built my business with passion. But i keep it growing by making every dollar count. Thats why i have the spark cash card from capital one. I earn unlimited 2 cash back on everything i buy for my studio. And that unlimited 2 cash back from spark means thousands of dollars each year going back into my business. Thats huge for my bottom line. Whats in your wallet . One of many pieces in my life. So when my asthma symptoms kept coming back on my longterm control medicine, i talked to my doctor and found a missing piece in my asthma treatment. Oncedaily breo prevents asthma symptoms. Breo is for adults with asthma not well controlled on a longterm asthma control medicine, like an inhaled corticosteroid. Breo wont replace a rescue inhaler for sudden breathing problems. Breo opens up airways to help improve breathing for a full 24 hours. Breo contains a type of medicine that increases the risk of death from asthma problems and may increase the risk of hospitalization in children and adolescents. Breo is not for people whose asthma is well controlled on a longterm asthma control medicine, like an inhaled corticosteroid. Once your asthma is well controlled, your doctor will decide if you can stop breo and prescribe a different asthma control medicine, like an inhaled corticosteroid. Do not take breo more than prescribed. See your doctor if your asthma does not improve or gets worse. Ask your doctor if 24hour breo could be a missing piece for you. See if youre eligible for 12 months free at mybreo. Com. Two months before the haepe harbor attack admiral yamamoto reluctantly changed his battle plan to include a new secret weapon five midget submarines. Very late in the game that they are added to what had been envisioned throughout the last ten months as an aerial attack and solely an aerial attack. Admiral yamamoto thought it would be a Suicide Mission and did not like the idea of sending submarine crews as suicide attackers. So he insisted that he this all be able to be recovered. They were able to get up close to warships and battleships and be able to sink them. At 78 feet long and six feet high, the japanese midget submarine accommodated only two crew members. Battery powered, they were equipped with two 18inch torpedoes and could travel at a speed of up to 19 knots while submerged. If you could have a submarine component, this would further distract the American Forces. They would have two threats one from the air and one from the harbor itself. So it looked sort of as a double whammy. It was this man, midget submarine test pilot naoj naoji iwasa, who personally petitioned admiral yamamoto to include the midget subs in the pearl harbor attack. The submarines were launched by dropping them off the back of a big ship, and they had to be very close to the island. You bring a big ship in close to hawaii the ships going to be seen, the americans are going to sink it, youre going to lose hundreds if an couple thousand guys. But the japanese commanders devised a way to sneak the subs in. They were first strapped to the decks of larger submarines. The midget subs hitched a ride until they were approximately ten miles from their target. Then with two crew members inside the midget sub would spring free from the deck and head for pearl harbor. Tell me about the japanese sailors who manned these submarines. What kind of people were they . Was it a Suicide Mission . They were people who could stay for a long time in one place, stay very quiet and suddenly strike and then leave. They learned to subsist on very meager rations, breathe very foul air, and undergo temperature extremes that would knock you or i out. These were the ten men chosen to become the advance force. Sub e22 tow was skippered by naoji iwasa, the leader of the group. At age 29 he was the oldest. His crewman, naoki chisasaki was a kendo swordman. Sub hiechlt 24tou was skippered by someone named peace boy because he was born a week after world war 1 ended. Skipper sharumu of i18tou told his parents he couldnt get married because he had to be able to die at any moment. His crewman was shiganor shiganori nukayama. The skipper of i20tou was akira, the youngest submariner. Noshima a farm boy was his crewman. Nasaji was the skipper of i16tou. He was known to meditate for hours at togos grave. His crewman was a quiet mountain boy. Born in 1919 he was a crewman aboard the mother sub for i16. War stories tracked him down in okinawa, japan. Translator we were the chosen ones among the chosen. One of the highest points in our lives i would say. We had realized the importance of our mission. So despite the kind of work we were doing there was not much dreading. We were gradually making progress and training for the harbor assault. This was initially passing through narrow water channels because we were going into a naval port. So thats what we did. And we believed the narrow water channel would have antisubmarine nets. So methods were researched and we triained this way. The submariners were beaten on a regular basis if they didnt perform. Physical beatings were a way of life. That was a way of toughening these guys up. Kishiji dewa remembered a tough bout with sea sickness. Translator it was such a gruesome experience. My gastric juices emptied out and i kept on throwing up until blood was coming out from my stomach. And once the bleeding stopped i never got sea sick again. They went through such rigorous training that these guys wound up we wound up with an enemy that was extremely tough, highly motivated. Almost had a religious fervor about them as they went about their business. They werent afraid to die. Coming up next, find out what really happened on the morning the pursuit of healthier. It begins from the second were born. Because, healthier doesnt happen all by itself. It needs to be earned every day. Using wellness to keep away illness. And believing a single life can be made better by millions of others. As a Health Services and Innovation Company optum powers modern healthcare by connecting every part of it. So while the world keeps searching for healthier were here to make healthier happen. The markets change, at t. Rowe price, our disciplined investment approach remains. We ask questions here. Look for risks there. And search for opportunity everywhere. Global markets may be uncertain. But you can feel confident in our investment experience. Around the world. Call a t. Rowe price investment specialist, or your advisor. And see how we can help you find global opportunity. T. Rowe price. Invest with confidence. On the evening of november 18th, admiral yamamoto was ready to take his biggest gamble yet. Five midget submarines of the special attack flotilla along with 30 fleet class submarines departed fukuri harbor. As they went across the Pacific Ocean most knew they wouldnt see home again. Knowing the defenses, the shallowness of pearl harbor, really they saw themselves as being on a Suicide Mission. Translator i dont think the Commanding Officer himself considered returning alive. He used to say kill the small insect to kill the big insect. That was our way of thinking. So nobody intended to come back. Reporter a week later traveling under strict radio silence the carriers of the japanese 6th fleet steamed toward pearl harbor. To avoid detection they sailed north on the heavily traveled shipping lanes. In washington, d. C. Tense negotiations continued ben secretary of state hull and japanese diplomats nomura and perusa. Soon the admiral received a warning that hostilities could break out with japan at any moment. December 6th, 1941 the submariners saw oahu. As they lay in the moonlight offshore they reported seeing the lights of honolulu and even hearing jazz music on the radio. Saturday night was the night in the Hawaiian Islands. The Officers Club at pearl harbor always had something. Just after midnight on the morning of december 7th, 1941 the smijt marines were released from the mother subs. They prepared to sneak in by anything allowed to slip by the submarine nets of pearl harbor. Up till now no american has ever seen a japanese midget sub. Translator they took their japanese sword and food we prepared for them. And you know the uniform the airplane pilots wear, they were dressed in that. They all wrote poetry. They all accepted gifts. They gave away all their belongings before they went on board. This is the poem that midget sub leader iwasa left for his parents. As the Cherry Blossoms fall 59 height of their glory so 250 must i fall. That men may call me a flower of yamamoto though my bones lie scattered in the bleak wilderness of strange and distant lands. While 9 five subs were sneaking toward their targets the sailors aboard the uss ward were busy starting their patrol under a new captain, commander william alderbridge. 3 42 a. M. The mine sweeper condor spots what looks like a submarine periscope. The ward is dispatched to check it out. First class fireman ken swedberg was at his post. We raced over there and searched for about an hour and could find nothing. So then we went back on our patrol. And it wasnt until daybreak as the harbor is coming alive, the uss antares a supply ship from palmyra was standing off waiting to enter the harbor. Waiting for them to drop the net. In the wake of the antares was this conning tower, about four feet out of the water trying to enter pearl hash osh following the ship. 6 30 a. M. Tanner also spots something strange in the water. What 4r50looked to be like ay in the water but a moving buoy. We had never seen anything quite ri like it. It looked like it was on a course directly for pearl harbor. We dropped two smoke lights on it to help the ward move on it. Does the ward go to general quarters . We go to general quarters immediately. Im on my gun on the bow. Were up to 20 knots coming up pretty fast and now were almost on a collision course. 19yearold kid from the great lakes, from minnesota. Youre on the deck of a destroyer thats bringing up everything its got on emergency. Whats going through your mind . I guess we were all steeled as to what was um coming next. Were pretty close. Ive got a front row seat so to speak. It was an enemy submarine. The first shell anybody one gun fired. Went over it. Over the conning tower. And now number 3 gun, theyre trained on it. And they put a whole right through the conning tower. We released it. Four depth charges set for 100 feet. And that was it. 6 45 a. M. What swedberg and tanner didnt know is that the first battle of the pacific war had already been fought. The first casualties, one japanese midget sub and her crew. We reported a submarine. Sank enemy submarine one mile south of pearl harbor. Captain oliver is the captain of the ward. Because of coding problems this does not get to Duty Officers until much later and eventually up to admiral kimll at about 7 30 in the morning. Shortly after 7 00 a. M. A large blip appeared on the radar screen at the opana radar station. But the u. S. Operators assumed the planes were friendly. The b17s are scheduled to be land i landing. So there really are two clues something is afoot. Sunday morning everybodys expecting a normal, very quiet weekend. S so the American Forces are not really in a wartime state of mind. 7 53 a. M. Commander fushidda signals the carrier their surprise was achieved. He radios the carrier saying tora, tora, tora. 7 55 00 a. M. The first wave begin their attack. At 8 40 the second wave attack. Two planes came after us. Splashed on one side, splashed on the other side. We had seen the meatballs, rising sun on the plane. Communications officer wiener responded fast when he saw the planes coming in over his air field. I ran to the radiation shack, and there was space between the floor and the ground and i climbed under there and i found someone else. But thats what i did and i stayed there until the attackers left. While the japanese aircraft rained down their attack on pearl harbor the midget subs were still trying their attack from below. Another sub got inside the harbor and went around north of port allen. It got into a running gun fight and torpedo fight with destroyers that were steaming out of the harbor. Uss monday han rammed it, rolled it over, crushed it like a cigarette butt. When the japanese attacked pearl harbor it was 1 00 p. M. In washington, d. C. Some historians say the japanese diplomats deliberately delayed delivering their message of war. Japanese planes have been sowing death and destruction for an hour on an american outpost in the pacific. When the japanese envoys presented a memorandum to mr. Hull. The japanese have always claimed that it had not been a sneak attack, america was forewarned. But the Hague Convention of 1927 requires parties to declare a formal declaration of war. The message says that because from our discussions we are breaking off relations. It does not say we are declaring war against you. Find out what happens when a young army air crew lieutenant comes face to face with japanese prisoner of war number 1. I built my business with passion. But i keep it growing by making every dollar count. Thats why i have the spark cash card from capital one. I earn unlimited 2 cash back on everything i buy for my studio. And that unlimited 2 cash back from spark means thousands of dollars each year going back into my business. Thats huge for my bottom line. Whats in your wallet . Im definitely able to see savings through using the car buying on usaa. I mean, amazing savings. I was like, wow, if i could save this much, then i could actually maybe upgrade a little bit. announcer usaa Car Buying Service powered by truecar. Save money, zero hassle. Youre down with crestor. Yes when diet and exercise arent enough, adding crestor lowers bad cholesterol up to 55 . Crestor is not for people with liver disease, or women who are nursing, pregnant, or may become pregnant. Tell your doctor all medicines you take. Call your doctor if you have muscle pain or weakness, feel unusually tired, have loss of appetite, upper belly pain, dark urine, or yellowing of skin or eyes. These could be signs of serious side effects. Im down with crestor make your move. Ask your doctor about crestor. When i went on to ancestry, i just put in the name yes, we are twins. Of my parents and my grandparents. I was getting all these leaves and i was going back generation after generation. You start to see documents and you see signatures of people that youve never met. I mean, you dont know these people, but you feel like you do. You get connected to them. I wish that i could get into a time machine and go back 100 years, 200 years and just meet these people. Being on ancestry just made me feel like i belonged somewhere. Discover your story. Start searching for free now at ancestry. Com. December 7th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy. The United States of america was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of japan. When the brutal twohour attack on pearl harbor was over, america tried to come to grips with its cold aftermath. 2,403 americans killed. 21 warships sunk or damaged. Six airfields and their aircraft bombed. That night the uss ward was stationed offshore. Swedberg and his crew watched for the enemy. I slept by the gun. Nobody wanted to sleep down below deck. We thought, well, what if they bring the invasion fleet . Theyd have the whole island. Three of the japanese midget submarines had been sunk by december 8th, but submarine e24tou skippered by kazu Kazuo Sakamaki would meet a different fate. It was lost. Its gyro compass was malfunctioning. And takamaki, who was its captain, could not really navigate the midget sub toward pearl harbor. It would eventually end up beached. Second lieutenant Steven Wiener was on that beach dug in a foxhole armed only with a. 45 pistol. Weiner was told to be ready for handtohand combat. Suddenly around 7 00 a. M. We see two figures walk toward us from the ocean. One was a corporal. His name was corporal opui. He was leading an oriental who was in the nude w9 exception of a loincloth. Did you suspect he might be a downed flyer or we suspected he was an enemy. And he was our prisoner. And we took him into the operation shack, we sat him down and gave him a shoot of booze and a hardboiled egg. We realized we werent getting anywhere with him. We put a. 45 we took turns holding a. 45 at his temple. Does he speak any english . He did say in a crude english, paper. Pencil. And he wrote i am Japanese Naval officer. My ship, he didnt say it was a sub, catch in coral. I jump in water swim to this island. Kill me in honorable way, no tell about ship. Did you have a sense at that moment here it is. Pearl harbors been bombed. Its been attacked. The fleet is in ruins. Youve got the first japanese prisoner of war in your hands. Later. At the time there was so much confusion. Back in america the news made headlines. The japanese twoman submarine is being studied. The bow has torpedo tubes and rotating knives to cut through submarine nets. The midget stem has two propellers. It carried high explosives to be detonated in the fashion of a suicide sub. It ran ashore in the attack. Inagaki wasnt so lucky. Yoshi inagaki was found dead in the water in a couple of days. Eyewitnesss who saw the body say there was a bullet wound in the back of his head. Within two months of sakamakis capture his mujt sub became part of a 46state war bond tour. He when he heard his sub had been captured he said i trembled with the fear that through my fault the invaluable secret weapon had fallen into the enemys hands. While sakama kichlt sat in u. S. Custody news of the successful attack spread throughout japan. Translator it was a job well done. Now lets comfort the ones lost in a memorial service. Sakamaki was not revered as a hero, and yet his colleagues, the nine who died, are being revered in the Japanese Press throughout the war as being heroes of pearl harbor. Not just heroes. Hero gods. Theyre a step beyond human. These guys were given full credit and honors after the pearl harbor attack for doing things like sinking the arizona. There was a huge state funeral with tiny little caskets containing nothing. The japanese war lords rewrote history to suit themselves. The myth that the midget submariners had sunk the ships turned into a propaganda feast. Youre looking at a japanese film depicting their socalled success. These guys were worshiped like ball players in japan. They became famous. And at the same time the aerial guys. The Imperial Navy air force that did sink the arizona got virtually no credit for it. The americans announce they have sakamaki. So 9 japanese produce a heroic painting of the nine god heroes. Not necessarily nine. Not necessarily nine. Theres ten because people talk about deals on their auto insurance. Wouldnt a deal involve two parties discussing something . A little give . A little take . Because last time you checked, your rate was just, whatever they say it is. Why not give you some say in the matter . Or even better let your driving do the talking. Liberty mutual righttrack finally puts you in control of your rates. All you have to do is connect, drive and save. In fact, safe driving could save you up to 30 . With 5 off just for signing up. For righttrack. And the discount is good for the life of your policy. To get started, visit a local office or call Liberty Mutual today at take control of your rates. Visit a local office or call see Car Insurance in a whole new light. Liberty Mutual InsuranceSecond Lieutenant weiner was reunited with his former captain kazuo sakama kichlt in 1991. They met at a symposium for the 50th anniversary of pearl harbor. What was his sense when you talked to him about the experience hed had with you that night . Do you remember . He had very limited memory of it at the time. It upset me, actually. He didnt remember me. We met here and spent three days getting to know each other. And i admired him tremendously. After the war sakamaki raised a family and took a job in brazil with toyota. And before he died in 1999 he returned to hawaii several times. Anonymo anonymously. His sub e2425e6789 ou is on sale at the National Museum of the pacific war in fredricksburg, texas. War stories sent inside sakamakis midget submarine for a closer look. Another submarine was found in 1960 off keihi lagoon by navy divers doing practice exercises that is now on display in japan. A submarine. Oh, my god, it is. We got it. On august 28th, 2002 the Hawaii Undersea Research laboratory made an incredible discovery. Terry, terry, weve got it. I think weve got a midget sub. This is the midget sub sunk by the uss ward early on the morning of december 7th, 1941. It was found in over 1,200 feet of water on the ocean floor just a few miles outside of pearl harbor. We always say if you can find the best prize out there, which is the midget sub leading the attack on pearl harbor, you get a case of beer. Reporter john welcher is the director of the Hawaii Undersea Research lab. How was it missed for so many years . Its so difficult to find because you have 1,000 sonar targets out there and youve just got stuff littered all over the bottom. Heres the conning tower of the submarine. The crew of the ward believe theyd hit. How do you know they did . We know they did because pretty soon were going to see on the video a fourinch hole right here on the starboard side of the conning tower, a shock that john wayne would have had trouble making. What does this remarkable discovery prove . It vindicates the crew of the uss ward. It shows that in fact they identified an enemy submarine coming into pearl harbor that morning. They sank it. They sank it as reported. It shows that these guys can make a very dramatic first kill, can make an incredible shot. You promised the discoverer of this midget submarine if you ever found it hed get i case of beer. Did he . Yes, sir, he did. Hes a guy with proud irish descent and we got him a case of guinness. War stories contacted the Japanese Embassy on the finding but they had no comment, and there are no current plans to raise the sub. Meanwhile the fifth midget submarine is still out there, and historians have several theories about where it might be. There is some photographic evidence from deciphering aerial photos of the attack that it might have surfaced inside pearl harbor and helped sink battleships on battleship row. On the other hand, the uss st. Louis it as it came out of the harbor was attacked by tormds and they think its possibly from a submarine. So its possibly outside there. After the discovery of the fourth midget submarine kejichi dewa paid respects to the midget submariner at this memorial in japan. What pz ha to the sus ward . In the western pacific its attacked by a kamikaze. Its struck, it starts to burn, and it has to be sunk. The skipper of the destroyer that has to sink it is william alderbridge, who was a skipper of her on december 7th. And the date in which she has to be sunk by her former skipper is december 7th, 1944. The first shots fired in the pacific war will never be forgotten. In honor of our late captain william w. Alderbridge the confirmation is that it is right there. You see it for yourself. That is our confirmation that youve been looking for all these years. After the attack on pearl harbor admirabl kimmel was relieved of his command and repris placed by chester nimitz. Hindsight being 2020, kimmel gets cashiered because of what happened at pearl harbor. Had he done everything he needed to do . Kimll 3rek9ing everything he was expected to do and a little more. You dont hear about japanese amerivest selects the funds and manages your portfolio. Is it run by robots . No no, you can talk to a person anytime. cause i dont trust robots. Right. Well, if the portfolio youre invested in doesnt perform well for two consecutive quarters, amerivest will reimburse your advisory fees for those quarters. I wasnt born yesterday. Well, actually it looks like you were born yesterday. Happy belated birthday. Thanks. For all the confidence you need td ameritrade. You got this. Usaa makes me feel like im a car buying expert in no time at all. There was no stress. It was in and out. If i buy a car through usaa, i know im getting a fair price. We realized, okay, this not only could be convenient, we could save a lot of money. I was like, wow, if i could save this much, then i could actually maybe upgrade a little bit. And it was just easy. Usaa, they just really make sure that youre well taken care of. Usaa Car Buying Service. Powered by truecar. Online and on the usaa app. The japanese had hoped that their surprise air attack and midget submarine operation would knock the Pacific Fleet out here at pearl harbor. It failed. 3 1 2 years later the empire of japan sits on total defeat. And on september 2nd, 1945 they surrendered right here, on the deck of the uss missouri. President roosevelt said pearl harbor would be a date which would live in infamy. And he was right. The attack changed america forever. And those who fought here have a war story that deserves to be told. Im oliver north. Good night. Captioning by closed captioning services, inc. Oliver tonight, war stories investigates, did fdr know pearl harbor would be attacked . He wanted an outrageous japanese attack at pearl harbor, that would unite this country. Oliver or was it a surprise . Roosevelt had no desire to be in a war against japan. Oliver and admiral kims grandson speaks out. H and died last night at his home, he was of 5. The next news break at the bottom of the hour. Next war stories with oliver north. Oliver