Topics Big data hunting; Uterus transplants provide new hope; How children develop empathy; Why do polar bears and penguins never meet . Way to his next lecture. Pretty soon the Online Computer store is sending mark a steady stream of ads to his current laptop and his phone thats possible due to mark having registered with google on both devices as a result all websites he visits that have google cookies will display personalized advertising. And google also sends out its ads itself as jessica notices when she looks up frequently used Search Terms Banners related to those words then pop up. Googles ads feature brands an option to determine which panels will show up on a Search Results Page with time search for more frequently google charges more money from advertisers this form of individual marketing does not require behavior profiles. But its
a forty day sequence of them into music its a stellar aria literally so whats next the mood. Stay tuned. In a scene eighty three Thyroid Tissue in one Nine Hundred Sixty Seven hunt Organ Transplantation has become an every day procedure well over One Hundred Thousand other form a. T. M. Uterine transplants are a new frontier for some women they offer hope but theyre controversial. In twenty sixteen gynecologists of a poker performed germanys first Uterine Transplant its a complicated surgical procedure that wasnt allowed to be filmed today shes performing a hysterectomy a routine surgery but one that spells the end of a patients dream of baring her own child but offers some hope. The think about i want to be here this is my uterus. This is a patsy and this is a patient is having a hysterectomy because shes been diagnosed with an early stage cancer vincy in a few years she wants to have her own baby she would be an ideal candidate for Uterine Transplant. I may get unfun time so i want a transplant a donor uterus could give her the chance to bear a child during the first Transplant Professor Poco was assisted by colleagues from sweden who have experience with the procedure the worlds First SuccessfulUterine Transplant from a living donor was carried out there in Two Thousand And Thirteen the following year vincent was born the first child carried in a transplanted womb. In a Uterine Transplant both donor and recipient undergo major surgery the procedure can take up to ten hours and is not without risk. In most cases so far
a mother donated her uterus to her daughter to enable her to bear her own child the organ is removed together with the fallopian tubes. But. This involves locating and severing the artery that supplies the uterus with blood. Their current and i mean we can only carry out a Uterine Transplant if the recipient still has functioning ovary its under i asked whats key to the procedure is that the patient retains her ovaries and they remain functional and do not before thats what makes it possible for her to bear a child that is genetically her own home just before that she needs her own eggs so. This is all for them this is an ovary and it will remain in place. After the Uterine Transplant eggs taken from the womans ovary are fertilized in vitro. The embryo is then transferred to the new transplanted womb. Nothings it this is the
vagina. The uterus out. As with other Organ Transplants the patient is given immune suppressants to prevent rejection so far theres been Little Research on possible long term effects on mother and child so her book or presented the results of her first transplant and her Gynecology Congress in stuttgart. The procedure is controversial because its not a Life Saving Measure like say a liver or Heart Transplant and many view it more as a personal choice. What tired and who decides which woman gets to have the child she wants and which doesnt it just there are pros and cons when it comes to Uterine Transplant and we need to have an open discussion about the issue in germany. So far that debate hasnt taken place the German Ethics Council has yet to officially address the issue. Professor. Is a member of the council she specializes in the ethical aspects of reproductive
medicine and its social implications. Transplants are not unproblematic in an ethical sense still under Clinical Trial its not an established procedure. In which we know exactly what longer term consequences it might have. Planted uterus could be rejected were talking about a living Donor Transplant if the patient ends up getting pregnant there are considerable risks for the child. Around the world at least a dozen babies have been born thanks to a Uterine Transplant but none so far in germany the legal ramifications are also still unclear the transplants performed in to begin were considered a therapeutic trial and didnt require approval from the universitys Ethics Commission or from the german medical association. While german law doesnt ban
Uterine Transplants its still a great zone. For professor garman basic principles of Medical Research are at stake. Therapeutic trials are generally a last resort for patients with life threatening conditions an option when there are no alternatives. Indian file in this case were talking about a therapeutic trial of a treatment that hasnt been approved in germany not a Clinical Trial that progresses from one step to the next. What happened here is that Invasive Surgery was the very first step. I would recommend that researches launch a regular Clinical Study round and carry out the sensational procedures. To once again the World Medical associations policy statement supports her stance according to these ethical guidelines
a physician may use an unproven treatment with informed consent but this intervention should subsequently be subjected to rigorous Clinical ResearchClinical Trials of Uterine Transplants are under way in North America Asia and several European Countries but not yet in germany the scientists in to begin Believe Transplantation holds promise for women who were born without a uterus or who have lost it to disease. Vincy. For hunch i. Mean progress in medicine to be able to help people in new and better ways you have to chart new ground. To advance research you need to innovate and have the courage of your convictions. Not to release you know via t. V. A sign that. A few longed for a new design to give birth to a child doesnt justify everything the desire for a child can be overpowering that all First Priority should be she addressed life
threatening conditions how far we can go to satisfy personal desires is an ethically fraught issue. It just looked. Into being three womb transplants have so far been carried out and one woman has already received a fertilized egg implant so it probably wont be long before germany too will see a first baby born to a mother with a Uterine Transplant. So she wakes in the womb and the first lies emerges as a baby it happens all the time yet its totally astounding. To bet Development Just keeps on going. All the time experiments let psychologists observe these processes in real time. Children observe the world with immense curiosity eager to understand events around them the most difficult thing to understand is
whats going on in other peoples minds developmental psychologists like Sabrina Power and have discovered that children start to develop empathy at a very early age carla is twelve months old with the help of these Toys Professor Power and wants to find out of carla can identify the preferences of other people carl a shown how the man seems fascinated by animals while the woman cant take her eyes off of the cars and that remains the case when the cars and animals switch positions the test is repeated ten times will carla managed to conclude who prefers what asking her directly obviously isnt an option. Fortunately there is an alternative in the last part of the test the man now looks at the car and the woman at the animal will that change of preference be visible in
karlas visual focus. We can see how shes analyzing events far more intensively. She also takes a closer look at the objects. Little mind is working away trying to figure out why everythings changed. Even the twelve month old babies register a change in preference for that always fascinated by the faces. And they really thought it what people are looking at and how the motions theyre exhibiting is totally exciting. Yo is at a more advanced stage as is typical for three year old he displays empathy when he sees the researcher getting his hand trapped in a box he seems concerned and is eager to help. When the same man loses a balloon you know again intervenes by giving him another one in its place. But children also look very carefully to determine whether their help is genuinely needed or whether someone is just pretending. Here i only trap my sleeve and you can immediately see from her cheeky reaction that shes not taking you seriously. After a while she thinks ok i will open the box so that the game continues. Here she needs a bit longer to intervene. When the child knows that the researcher didnt actually hurt himself before so when he now loses the balloon will it take longer for her to console him. To see how she hesitates first she looks at me then up at the balloon then eventually back to me it takes
a little longer to decide to help me after all and possibly one of her balloons. So even here children display an urge to help what psychologists call empathic concern. That means putting myself in someone elses shoes and trying to think what the most helpful thing would be for the other person to lessen that suffering. These children exhibit a clear expression of sympathy. For you. But can children as young as three predict the behavior of someone whos thinking something completely different to them. This is sally and this is that shes wearing a gray dress and has red hair the two of them have a box and a basket. Thats the cool. They also have a ball. And they put the ball into the box by. One tuning into kissed. The butt is in the box yes then sally goes to the
playground commissioner now she cant see or hear whats happening with the box. And goes inside and takes the ball out and puts it in the basket. Its come to sell it on now sally comes back from the playground and looks for the ball that where will she look. In the well caught the basket on why. Why because its inside it that yo gives the wrong answer like all three year olds at this age children still assume that other people are thinking the same thing as them but once they reach five like elza children can correctly predict that sally will look for the ball in the wrong place but where will she look. Why. Because thats where the ball was before was that where the ball now in the basket. What the child knows about the world is not the same as what sally knows so when the child has to predict what sally will do next they have to understand that what sally is thinking is different from what theyre thinking. As children grow so does their empathy also from observing adults. Children dont just learn when we try to teach them something they also learn from their social environment all the time keep your children are faced with the task of getting used to the social and cultural environment theyre growing up in and learning all the rules of conduct. So when adults interact with children we should assume that the children absorb that information so that makes us adults role models and gives us
a certain degree of responsibility for. Researchers meanwhile are faced with the task of understanding how children think in feel and what exactly is going on in their little heads. And that there are animals to figure them out only can do as it is a. Feeling nothing likely evan green day had an observation and asked us a very interesting question. While there are no polar bears and talk to no penguins in the arctic. Hankerings are mainly at home in antarctica thanks to evolution some penguins do live in warmer climes so just to come up against our. Otherwise the birds presence is limited to the southern hemisphere. They never try to venture further north. The stay can fly on one ling wouldnt get them very far given the thousands of kilometers of
ocean between the two poles although they are pretty decent swimmers. But there is a different explanation for penguins not moving to the arctic. They live off the fish that are in plentiful supply and cold sea currents heading north would mean crossing the woman waters near the equator. And that would probably constitute an impassable barrier. So penguins and polar bears will never meet in nature. Theyre well adapted to their respective habitats the problem for this guy is that the sea ice vital for Catching Seals is melting due to Climate Change polar bears are strong swimmers but not a splash the seals in open water theyre facing a food crisis. So with their natural habitat shrinking how about simply relocating polar bears to the south pole its nice and cold there too right. Years ago
scientists began toying with the idea of relocating animals threatened by Climate Change to similar habitats elsewhere in the world. But moving polar bears to the antarctic has been ruled out as it would happen foreseeable consequences for the ecosystem that. Penguins for example would be completely vulnerable to this new imported predator. Undersides the antarctic is warming up as well. If outlet is right why. Do you have a Science Question that youve always wanted and say we happy to help out send it to us as a video text over a smell if we answer it on the show well send you a little surprise as a thank you can i just ask. Can visit us on the web at d. F. W. Dot com slash site. On twitter facebook. Thats all for now next week well take a look into the brain. Scientists in switzerland have done Amazing Things using electric current. Join us then for a stimulating experience. And see you soon. These creations. Just brand. Colors gotta take on the. Look what do we really noted above the minimum Three Hundred or cheats what motivates it how does he think and feel private moments when the wife of a great Fashion Designer is going to some small. Start september not double. Time for an upgrade. How about furniture that grows on buying. A house with no. Poor design highlights you can make yourself. Trends tips and tricks that will turn your home to
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