Glance, hes a boy whos developed normally. But when he was about a year and a half old, as parents realize that something was wrong, their son fidgeted constantly and stumbled more often than other kids. His age. The 1st symptoms of his illness. Porras has an extremely rare genetic defect and effects about one and 100000 children. Actually every single person, normal van he was born. And he was just like those 200. 00 plus orthodontics picked up. Um, either shocked with the news and very upset actually. So the doctors just told us that there was no treatment for this company. The and no treatment met. Their child would soon end up in a wheelchair and would die at a young age. The doctors had diagnosed attacks here tell inject tasia or a t for short virus and island tried to find out more and found a needle in a haystack of research. And to us, another child with a tea was receiving a novel r n a therapy. Our son and the girl in the us have the same genetic mutation, so that the individual therapy that the girl takes into us was also suitable for us. We went to boston, we started with the treatment. And now its continuing in keeping the doctors here in germany, tubing and University Clinic center for Rare Diseases exam employers from head to toe and 0 in on his symptoms. So its pointing on. Now here on the day on now he has expected his legs are unstable, but Something Else is also striking last time because the enhanced by so is it he wasnt just phoning the room right now. He also makes these jackie movements said he called control. Well, yeah, in order action is his thing is eyes on him seeing its also very difficult for him to remain still in one place without making compensate to remove minutes. Well, no, i was nice perceived on neurologist mount as synopsis, a member of the Research Team tracking boy arises. Treatment explains that the disease is already visible in the boys brain. I mean the skin slice get this when there are already some very slight initial indications that the nerve cells are effected. You can see slight indentations here, for instance, indicating that nerve cells have already been lost in our goal now is to prevent further nerve cells from perishing assets and to kinda keep. The doctors can 2 or 4 raz outright, but they may be able to slow down the course of his disease. But how can they overcommit genetic mutation that keeps a specific important protein from forming in the boy cells that was put in guns, 90 game homes. We had to take a completely new approach and develop a therapy, specifically for his genetic mutation i need to one thats precisely tate or like a key that thats the key hole of poly rises gene modification. The key is an r n, a molecule developed in the lab. Its called a s o. It covers up the genetic defect 16th and dont within this m. As i can see that you 1st have to understand that his mutation creates a kind of incorrect reading pointing to gene mean the Therapy Works by using an r n. A messenger. That insures this incorrect reading site is covered uh and the normal correct reading site is used again. The parents lives alternate between home and clinic, highly and has given up her job as a clinical psychologist for rises, disease demands a lot of time, energy and attention. Every 3 months, the Family Travel from berlin to tubing and each time he undergoes multiple examinations and is given an injection in his spine when they were testing. Uh theres a very special medicine to submit this and its for me though for to to to chat, to chat and the whole lot. We believe in size. Yes, yes. And if something is gonna book all the discover, the therapy that poured raz receives in tubing and is not approved, but it is only chance. This makes it all the more important to really measure test and compare everything, all of my and my signal. Go back there, stick it on, and return on speed. Okay. Now go play roses, receiving whats called individualize therapy, which means the effectiveness of the approach hasnt been proven in trials. There arent any. Hes the only participant in a trial with one subject. The only one who can deliver results that could advance research. What that meant to these excite can these Young Children are pioneering the whole approach. Thats why were so glad that there are currently no side effects, because then we can say, okay, it seems to be going in the right direction. But, and were learning a lot from the methodology and how to measure its effectiveness, whether the patients accept it and whether it could be used for other patients as well. And getting under the above, under percent, porras will need the therapy every 3 months for the rest of his life, the treatment cost. 70000. 00 euro is a year. Most of the work involved is performed at the clinic. But its still too early to say for sure whether the r n a injection will work. So you know, the dispense all that on the various other diseases. So i think that is a good chest that its kind of a cute as well. Now hes not getting lost and sick which point for us. His tables, emphasis look new. In the hospital microscope examination show boy rises, cells are absorbing d r n a therapy. But the doctors here want to do even more than just help their young patient. They already have more r n, a snippets in their collection that might help others with similar gene defects. The same or in a kid can be used to tailor drugs to specific patients. Its, its still, its still a way off, but why we treat one patient. Were already developing 2nd and 3rd or any therapies for other mutations. We can use the same principles of Key Development over and over again to produce all kinds of individual keys. A genetic defect, a corresponding drug. Thats the goal of the European Research network called one mutation. One medicine and boy arise is the 1st patient. If it succeeds, slowing down the advance of rare genetic conditions with r n a would be a giant step forward in medicine. To develop a new medication, researchers have to determine exactly which compounds could play a healing role in the process. Some estimates placed the total number of possible drug candidates at around a november distilling molecules. Thats a one followed by 60 zeroes, could Artificial Intelligence shorten the search for elusive therapies. I imagine says lock is a disease. And imagine this key is a cure. Opening to lock me is finding the right treatment. But heres the cash youre not faced with. Just one key means yes of them. Now, you couldnt be trying one key of the time. Thats kind of what research has ever done up until now. Or you can predict which works for like using artificially, that is a i, as the power to massively accelerate the discovery of a treatment, a Drug Discovery company di power tools to accelerate Drug Discovery sciences around the world are using ai to discover new medicine. And in the process, they could be unlocking the secret to a longer health. Your life agent can be targeted to aging can be delayed. An aging in certain ways can be stopped and reversed also. So what exactly is a drug included help us live longer on this thing is utilizing a i, i said to the console in by a many problems with a lie and you can decrease the probability of success and also make it cheaper and faster Drug Discovery consists in finding new medications to treat diseases. In this case were focusing on diseases caused by proteins by goes to ive tried is marcussons or else hymer disease. And because the process is partially repetitive, it can be partially ultimatum. The computer to a drug, this quality process is small noun. Its something that has to be try it for many decades before, but a goes beyond automation. It predicts, it looks like good candidates, understand some features and predicts other good candidates. But you could also take it a step further. Imagine that you key from scratch with a design properties. So you create through a set of perfect use. The dont see the walk. Some molecule is discovered we, they, i have already entered Clinical Trials and the field is attracting billions and investments. So its clear that the approach is very promising, but theres more, some research. Those are looking for a cure to something the most of us dont even consider a disease age what hes aging, why do we age . Do we have to age . The aging is a biological process. Okay, heres the thing, the editable. Well, we can not delay death, but we can do something about agent businesses nearby as a lie, a groundbreaking research is in the science. So functionality, one of the things that happened with aging, we accumulate whats called zone b sales, or we call them cns themselves. When they accumulate, they cause in environment to age and get diseases. We want something that keeps only the deluxe, those that are already fusing only takes a known as a class of molecules that can kill us anderson cells. So maybe i, so we told to why not utilize a, i to die and find these drugs faster and they de vanessa a team and they come what may be the most promising signal dictates ever seen . So really i make us live longer. Well, lets have a look finding the right molecule is only the 1st step of the Drug Discovery process from this then how the whole process works, where hes using a lab chamberlain. We meet with david the ceiling for a peek. Inside his landing berlin. Behind is the walk us through the main stages of john x and you dont know what most of monic yous are doing. Yeah, maybe just a few falls of my if you a say actually know what theyre doing sets and on the human body. But they have many, many more money kids available. The 1st step is to decide which model choose the best. If this test many, many comb phones this much as possible to see if there would be active from this disease. So, so i can show it theres 170000 molecules in the freeze executive. Okay. Wow. And these little dots that we see each one of those contains a monitor executive vision machine moves the molecules on the proteins they want to target. So then that a come from flight, this is finished. Its ricky, now from sexual transfer. Mixed up. This other machine uses a powerful microscope to capture the interaction. How it looks so weird, it looks like an alien. I come action after this, so then because if you do this kind of experiments, you might end up with a lot of data in this left we uh for expense the collecting sometimes like test the full series of images sent to human, couldnt possibly. And it has all of this into the system, basically where the machine on and can step in the network, scanned the image, just a fine good candidate for festival. Here we have a lot of onto pick 2 agents which checklist together. But another molecule where we dont know actually what kind of pharmacologic a 2 minute see a test. And we see that its really close to the 2 agents and dispatch mckenzie in the us. Maybe i think this is thats what s and s for an intimate to a but tablet prediction a meg still needs to be tested. If anything, the tow tasks come from the predictions made by yeah, i, there are still many steps necessary to ensure that dr. Is safe and effective. Present want to go to markets and extra sets of costs. Then you go to the community, good. 5, Clinical Trials take a long time. And theres a little way i can do to speed up that part of the process. Its the ai is a disruptive technology, but not the functional fields at least for now, it can always be the 1st step of the job discovery process. I do not think this is a corner something of disorder weve already done for 2nd one due to related diseases there, boobies and all these things available for patients to take in the next 10 years. Hey, i could also help us develop novel antibiotics and area of pharmaceutical research, where new drugs are urgently needed. Antibiotic resistant bacteria are becoming a major problem. Worldwide in 2019, they are thought to have killed well over a 1000000 people to compare thats around twice as many killed in the same period by malaria. An intensive care unit at a hospital in the switch city of them. 2 patients here are infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria, pathogens that come unto politics and no longer able to kill the stuff where can protective clothing and keep the effective patients isolated to prevent any further transmission. The head of the Infectious Diseases department, christina, to and to discuss his Treatment Options with team it does if the sofa weve been able to control resistant pathogens to some extent. Most of the time we still have compounds and reserve the work. But you can imagine that at some point that will no longer be the case, then thats a great film. Because that would put us back to the time before the antibiotics. And that would be a massive step backwards from the bottom of the for to see. What would that mean . This book that patients would stop dying again, from bacterial infections, that to date of being considered treatable. X, but stroke of assigned and pandemic. One thats creeping up on this and grabbing big data by the year. Its an anomaly development for Board Members of switzerlands round table on antibiotics. A private association of experts from science, business and politics. Managing director bob republic says the issue is clear. The process of data fall, no question. We need to study flow of new n t bios. It says that vital, the problem is guessing was all the time and its not going to just go away. It, i have a freedom there, but even the trickle of new antibiotics hitting the market is threatening to dry up. Most Big Pharmaceutical Companies shut down there on the bios. Research is a guy hate public se in the next day, or companies that brought out new antibiotics and recent years went bankrupt. But why . Because sales remains low as new antibiotics have to be kept as back up politics. Into pharmacists, the solution lies inside quote, incentive systems. Other members of the association agree, see me and Companies Must have the expectation, the, the launch risky investments, they may well one, the payoff alone, and thats not the case at the moment. They gave him one incentive model for sees that kind of subscription plan. The find a company would pay for research and development if that led to a successful new anti biotech to state would pay the firm an annual premium for a guaranteed number of years. In return, the company would guarantee the availability of the antibiotic by the non whites as these kinds of incentive systems are an intervention and existing incentives desktops. So they have to be examined very carefully. And new antibiotics are developed for the global market. Development is very expensive. So the approach both for the development and for the incentive systems needs to be coordinated international. But if thats a non quoting you have to onset to which is why the experts from the association wants agreements that go beyond that countries. Boat is even if they feel switzerland should lead the way. Pray me if nonsense and then who mean when we have cussing at research here and a very large pharmaceutical industry. See, we also have many small and Medium Size Companies already involved in the field. We have all the prerequisites, so lets take the lead to hold for a in the intensive care unit spots at the hospital, doctors and this is fine for the lives of that patients. And hope that theyll be able to continue counting on life saving antibiotics in the future. People who just finished the course of antibiotics should wait for several days before donating blood. One reason is to help prevent the possibility of even more microbial resistance this week. Fewer question also about blood comes from mooney. Couple stuff in colombia. What is our blood may dont . And where is it formed . Every adult has between 5 and 6 fleets as of blood because it enables all of the other important. Unfortunately, functions. Blood is sometimes called a liquid organ. Almost half of it though, is made up of solid components. Red blood cells give it the characteristic color. They supplied the body with oxygen and transport gaseous Carbon Dioxide waste to the lungs to be excelled. The platelets on the other hand, play an Important Role in quilting and heating boons and the white blood cells are able to recognize and mode of pathogens the cells and platelets all suspended in whats called blood plasma. This clea, a yellowish fluid is made up of russia, nutrients, whole moons, minerals, and proteins, through a brown ching circulatory system that is almost 100000 kilometers long. The blood is distributed to the farthest reaches of the bodies. Besides oxygen and c o 2, blood carries and distributes whole names, nutrients, and also heat itself foam and the so called red bone marrow and then link tissue. That itself has a plentiful blood supply. And adults blood is mostly produced in short, flat phones like the rims and stun them in children. Formation of codes and bones all over the body. The red bone marrow is home to special stem cells, but the able to produce all the different types of blood cells. The many blood cells live only a few days. They have to be replenished constantly. And by the way, the full bus flood is produced mainly in the live and spleen. And these organs can resume the task even in adults. If for some reason the red bone marrow is damaged, the red white. And now over to you, do you have a science question then send that to us as a video, text or voice mail. If we answer it on the air, well send you a little surprise as a thank you. The immune system can sometimes play havoc and begin attacking the bodys own tissues, causing what doctors call auto immune diseases. Lupus is one example left unchecked. It can cause symptoms like massive inflammation of the kidneys. And one university in germany, doctors have now developed a new therapy for treating it to tell who is visiting this clinic in southern germany for a follow up examination. She has to have a complete check out every 4 months. Back in 2016 when she was 16 to tell contract that the severe auto immune disease systemic lupus risk my toes this or s l e, and athletic teenager. At 1st she mistook the symptoms for sore muscles to collections. Doing main didnt get any better. It got worse when and then in december i developed extreme fatigue. I got more and more tired. With lupus, the immune system begins finding the bodys own cells and attacks internal organs. None of the attempts to treat to tell this condition were successful. In early 2021, all the Treatment Options had been exhausted when they have at that point i just had to cry. Yes, the disease wasnt getting any better. It was getting less. All i could do was lie down at home. I was in pain. I had breathing difficulties, hot palpitations. I wondered if i was going to die because that just was them to kill. Could hire big doctors from the fema tomochichi and immunology departments at the university hospital. How long and for already researching a treatment for lupus patients employing t cells from the patients that are genetically engineered in the lab. At that point, the cell therapy had only been used in cancer treatment. It was offered to to tow as a last resort was to get him and he had to have to admit, quite honestly, i was very worried that it might not work at all because we had no experience and no one had done it before us. And there was also the risk that it might make things worse, the discounts apply to them for, for the month. This is how the Therapy Works. T cells are isolated from the patients blood and fitted with whats called a sion merrick adage and receptor or car. It enables these modified tea cells to recognize and destroy misdirected cells. In march 2021 to tell became the worlds 1st patient treated with s l e car t cells. Since then, her condition has improved in domestic during this semester break. I had a vacation job and they told me that that it was actually a mans job. My parents thought that was great because it was the 1st sign for them that i was healthy. Again. The 5 more patients with life threatening lupus has since been successfully treated with experimental car t cell therapy. The next step is a clinical trial. With more subjects, it could mark a milestone and treatment of auto immune diseases. And thats it for this week on tomorrow. Today dw science show. Thanks for watching and see you next time. Bye for now the. The good. Is it really the end . According to some believe the dad isnt always dead. According to research. Can we glimpse the after life . Scientific update . 40 to answer to almost every thing coming not on d, w. B or own Health Advocates by turning into your own ex best when youre without any fiction and with no surprise be active the way in good shape in the search the minutes dw, the flying visit is created. Is it by a loss of full trying volts of power as it goes into the b trees spacing goes up to 1000. 00 leases of low. So in a day or forest fires evaporating large amounts of moist tune in to get the onset and learn more about the heavy and visible over the flows through the sky. Start september 20th on dw, the change can be viewed to test the actual confusion of the, like the trying to change the age of enlightenment. Its 300 year old id is be responsible for todays problem. And could they help us solve them . I believe our futures in our past, the power of the beginning of the done as a series of is the great philosophers, 12 present and future. The enlightenment says, progresses in our hands and that means so its really, its up to the series project and thoughts on services. On dw, the, this is dw news, and these are our top stories. And you Commission President us of on the line is to visit the tele, an island of lum producer as part of efforts to address a search in migrants arriving that earlier it to these prime minister, georgia maloney cooled on the you to set up a Naval Mission to prevent my bottom boats crossing from north africa so your at around 7000 people arrived on the island in recent days that have been demo