This week im tomorrow to day dw science program, the tools and on the 2nd thing seen this. Somebody in the switch town not saw from zurich, people in protective gaps striding through and then the Garden Spring insecticide. The goal is to wipe out any japanese beetles as fast as possible. The authorities think that a small population estimated it between a 100 and a 1000 insects is established that the 1st time in infestation of this size is a cut most of the out sofa. And the single beatles have been detected. Officials immediately sounded the alarm and stuffy doing Everything Possible to stump out the pest completely. Because one thing is clear, dont settle part of europe is watching close, understand that. And everyone is keen to see whether we manage to eradicate them. Besides, the situation is not just very important for switzerland, but also internet generally is to be to isnt stumped here its long term spread throughout. Europe grows much more likely and that could have trusted consequences. So agriculture that future scenario is already reality in northern italy. For years, the japanese beetle has been eating its way through the regions. Vineyards may not use vinyati is regularly infested. The wine making has to pick the beatles office, finds one at a time and never ending task bus. Its the only way to save, at least the cost of his harvest. C o bus died separate or its frustrating, but you just have to do it can use an equation and its much more frustrating when you see them eating up the vine. Giovanni, both you and a colleague from the countries agricultural office, the trying to get the japanese veto under control in the last few years, populations of the past to exploded. And that causing serious damage that before the spread of the japanese beetle is a huge problem for a range of crops, certainly not the hearts of them arrive and start eating the leaving mice damage. They called suddenly severe months out of look for you. Think its not really deep following the plans. They forget c o n a. The piano. In the early 20th century, the japanese be told was 1st introduced from its native country to the us and soon spread to canada in the us to load and it causes several 100000000. 00 in crop damage annually. Then in the early 19 seventys, the insect made the lead to europe. At 1st, im need to be as those assist eventually reached mainland to europe in 2014 in northern italy. Its established quickly and multiplied exclusively in 2017. The beetle also spread switzerland for a long time. It was found only in the southern count on us to chino, the outs form a natural barrier that prevented further spread until recently, at least when they were also found north of the range. Because to be to population of small and fi selected those, the experts hope it can be whitehouse. Thats no longer a possibility south of the outs into chino or northern easily. Tim hi is an invasive pests specialist at the copy. An International NonProfit Research sites, there are about 12000000 beetle lobby in the soil and miss paul colored directly with this, this notation that thats a Huge Population for this tiny area alone. And then of course, it poses a problem for agriculture and the environment here with such Huge Populations eradication is no longer an option. But containment might be in his lab. Tim hi, is that for looking for ways to keep the beetle in check. One method involves the parasitic flight. The principle is simple. The fly license eggs on the beatles back. Lovely developing them in just 24 hours. The 1st law, but the hatch quickly bows into the body of the beetle and proceeds to devour it from the inside. Then p pates and eventually images as an adult find the following spring. Only one slide develops pub beetle. But there is still many open questions like whether the fly only pirates. The ties is japanese. Beetles. For such as at the anchor Scope Institute have made more progress. They are also looking for effective biological ways to combat the invasive insight. Special fungus session promise, as a weapon. Its being intensively tested under quarantine conditions. The original plan was to infect the navi, with the fungus ive seen here in time lapse footage of the research has tested what happened to lobby the winter in an experimental field. Seated with the fungus. When spring came, they monitored whether it has an impact on the japanese be told population. The fungus can decimate the pests close relatives, ladybugs, and june bugs. But the results with the japanese be told with disappointing, as the fungus have little effects on it. Snobby lots of them. Yes, fun hasnt. Unfortunately, japanese diesel love am much more robust than native diesel. I like maybe bucks in gene bug. Me say spell it us. We found that the fund moves food we used just didnt have the effect we would have, like i said. So for now, the research focuses back on adult insects. Scientists have sprayed leaves with fungal, spose, and put them in containers with beatles. They dont even have to eat. Its simple compact is enough. Fungal, suppose grow into the insect and kids in a few days. B. S for this or dot the tv. Its the 1st results weve seen from the lab or very encourage you to get seen. Thats the key for it and we solve it practically 100 percent of the beatles can be killed by these phone guy in just a few days that we have some cronum. So were feeling quite positive and this up seemed vague. At least suppose that youre kind of course, were now looking at how we can build on this success and via how we can get the method out in the field, us and into practice this file ending the box. Its the most field trials already underway. It will still take some time, however, before the 1st results are available. Its debatable whether the japanese be to can actually be kept out of Northern Europe forever. Climate change models indicate large parts of the continent could soon offer the conditions it needs to thrice dinosaurs admitted their fair share of Greenhouse Gases. One theory even holds that that might have contributed to their demise. The animals weve domesticated also produced plenty of gases that are bad for the climate. Livestock farming makes up a significant portion of human induced emissions to change that we would need to cut down on the number of animals we raise for food or possibly make the ones we have less destructive. The researchers in new zealand are interested in the sheep because of their digestive gases. Some will spend an hour today an experimental chambers at the inver Cargo Research farm. The method reveals which animals excel lots of the climate damage and gas me thing and which burnout less of it. Scientist susanne rile, explains that 90 percent of Greenhouse Gas emissions come from an animals mouth not at the rear end. So im taking a sample of a break in the volume of the and im using the gauge, how much more units of a compared to contemporaries. And i can use that to run individually because some animals assuming that be slightly differently and they give the others. So what were looking for those low, low emissions in those low emitters, in bread with one another row has been pursuing the odor intensive program for 11 years after 3 generations for flock now and sales, 13 percent less, methane gas. Then at the start of the experiment, meantime we can make a difference. We can make a difference quickly if we lower the amount of me sitting in the environment. We can very quickly have an impact was if we lower the amount of copy on something, the volume, and were having a massive impact in the long term. The short term impact, we wont see you as much. So its, its a real opportunity for, for the launch stuff industry to make a really about an hour away from the research station is leon blacks farm. Hes a 4th generation chief farmer. Black is one of the 1st to put the scientists principles into practice. He breed cheap and have better brass, 11. But in the process you cant forget. The bottom line is animals still need to produce plenty of meat. And well, the heart was always said if you had a more efficient room and im more efficient. So that put the units and the things like the home mode will make and that looks ready to tie. So were selecting animals that utilize feed data dog, put out be fine, and put more into the product. Its going to like the when, when such, when, when situations are urgently needed in news events, which is determined to become climate neutral by 2050 to get the government has now investing millions in the development of new technologies for agriculture. Like here at the Palmerston North campus, new wedlock has been working for 15 years on another promising project. A vaccine against methane gas is in animals. One that would work in towels as well as cheap. So heavy work and for quite some but some time. But we are making good progress. Were study showing that you can vaccinate animals and they can produce anti bodies against the sandwiches and the saliva. Weve done some studies that show they produce enough anti bodies to see it basically, coat all of them. Assignments in the room and but former Prime Minister just send a order and didnt want to wait for a new anti birth injection and decided to take on farmers to achieve climate goals per party wanted methane gas admitted by cows and sheep to drop by up to 47 percent by 2050. To push that agenda. Farmers are supposed to pay an emissions tax starting in 2025, a world 1st. A proposal as it stands means these humans from is a seat to be the 1st in the world to reduce agricultural emissions, positioning, a biggest export market to the competitive advantage that brings in a world increasingly discerning about the provenance of the search. But not everyone is on board with a governments idea. There have been protests. Many farmers fee or the extra costs will hit the countries agriculture industry to hard. Its new zealand main export sector that does sheep farmer, leon black t 2 is angered by the governments plans and thinks the tax is unfair. Even his clean turbo sheet and it too much to exempt him from it. Many sheet farmers would have no choice but to reduce the size of their flocks and hurts. Even though Animal Husbandry in new zealand is already among the most environmentally friendly in the world. I believe theres more going to be my the way the 11th is that i know i think its really unrealistic for government decide 40 or 50 the same. Its just magic very, very disappointed. I like thoughts not strange. It is on the experimental form. The testing is over for the day scientist suzanne ro understands the farmers concerns. But she also sees the potential in her super she and she believes that new zealand could become a Global Pioneer in the industry. We dont really know how far we can go. We, we know the, in the, in, in these folks were going very quickly. But if we apply that to our normal breathing, salt them, were seeing as one of 2 to 3 percent drugs per year. So were seeing a considerable difference. And what has already worked for new zealand sheep is now to be tested in other domesticated species. Next on the list, reading low and meeting cows youd never consume this intentionally, but we do it. Unaware. Studies have found we ingest around 5 grams of micro plastic every week. The equivalent by weight of a credit card. The super fine particles are now everywhere in the air. We breathe. The water we drink, the food we micro plastics are in the soil too. Of course, and fertilizers add more all the time. But can they also migrate from there . Into plants. Visible retreat is all about food safety. One vice 0 doesnt get one, but if him we know that there is a loss of micro plastic in the soil, in the environment to publish. And in this project, were investigating different uptake pathways or from the, one of the mystery, the groups, and then into the leaves. If tiny plastic particles are in the water, all soil cons might of salt and to find out which fact is going to influence uptake. The researches here simulate processes in the lab using pock choice evenings. Here for gaming via the nano to do. So we bought nano and micro plastic suspended in most to in the pronouncement side. Couldnt done better then later we can detect the particles, the to that on the distribution and the plants lie or died that tends to be constant. Colds i t for title in the atlanta now lies under the microscope. The dyed microphone stakes lights up red as expected, the pipe toy seedlings of absorbed particles through the roots. Offended octo disaster absorption. These red dots or this reddish mirror is also found in the rest of the room. All that means its not only absorbed somewhere and then sticks there. Its also somehow being transported inside the plant and we dont know how that happens. Yeah. But the plastic finds ways from the route area to other areas of the plans in both supervisor and the life of the tomatoes, asparagus radishes, in older plans to expand and did with. So the phone, the 2 scientists have been able to detect plastic residues. But even root this organisms are susceptible. A neighboring nevada tree house is the largest collection of snow allergy in the world. Except for much fight oscar. I picked out 2 that are a bit interesting from a food perspective. One is called rowland. Its a single celled green algae sold in health food stores. So thats the reference to food. Then theres field act along which is the diet tom that produces valuable omega 3 fatty acids. The o g o key to the Research Project problem. And i thought we need a simple system to start out with our experiments and had a single cell. Algae is easier to work with in a complex plant or tree. Obviously its much easier to try many things out on such a relatively primitive system. It as long as there are some species of algae that seem to take up plastic very well and appear to have no problem with absorbed or micro plastic particles in terms of appearance and growth. We dont see any differences. Thats why the selected algy are pretty interesting because theyre different species from different branches of the evolutionary tree. And thats an old mission proviso. Suzana bowsman is using a mass spectrometer to investigate the precise effects of plastic particles uptake on organisms. The instruments analyzes the exact mass of various molecular constituents if the micro caustics cause even the smallest anomalies, they can be detected. Home s im not supposed to. So we have the fact indications that some compounds of president , tim, lower concentrations, others in higher concentrations, shown on these include secondary plants, compound mix, which balance normally produced to protect themselves in so far, they help protect it from light or time by insects in the lab the researches on to efficiently create particles like those that come from tie away the use of greenhouse plastics or garbage and the modem. Well, theres no shortage of full system like a plastics. No one wants caustic in the food, but how much home is consumption actually due to us humans, chicago versus in canada and for i would love to be able to answer that question. And i hope we can do so in the future. Couldnt video things like that, but as of now we still come to assess the risk to the plant itself or to the consumers or animals that eat these pounds. Crystal lo finish option seals and the goal is to ensure no plastic ends up on our plates. In the 1st place in the future, the research is going to work on ways to remove it from contaminated organisms. Until then i would find it straightforward via rationally, it would probably be best to avoid non 0 in might quite plastics. Not would have many Positive Side effects. So those people on the environment. But plastic use is on the right. As this, its important tree consumption by food. Clean Drinking Water is scarce in many places on earth. The drive to tap new sources has let us to drill ever deeper wells. In some places, fall collection is an option in Others Energy intensive. D Foundation Plants turn see water. Fresh purification systems are elaborate and expensive to operate. But does all the water we consume have to be the same . High quality, for instance, does water used to irrigate, feels have to be as clean as tap water. First bounce this field of feed, cool, and looks much like any other thoughts. Its actually an irrigation experiment. That could pioneer war 2, recycling methods in gemini and elsewhere. And its treated wastewater is being used in agriculture as yet, unknown practice for jim and thomas. But one that could soon be vital for the region south of funding. The soil here has become particularly dry. In my cups kind, there was no significant rain fall in may gain more now already assuming 20 percent crop losses or most of may all the way up until the middle of june. So 6 weeks and all it was far too dry. Niko, who it is, pumps must have water, it to naples, growth and stability, nutrient transport. And so to synthesis the last few days of june, at least so some rain, but the pharma comp, really easy when it around gets dry, it gets hard. That means the long dry spell is still visible in his contents with using the physical to back here you can see this plants root system, but its clear every too small is that in the lateral roads here should already be longer and penetrate deeper. And the teaser we keep talking, id say the soil is compact due to the dry spell continued this corn plant couldnt send roots deep enough to reach the water below. Thats why its much smaller yard. The reason declined. The regular watering would be too expensive. Well, ground water was a sketch, results in the region, but this plenty of readily available voice, had nearby in the sewage plant next to nico route, as cornfield via um yup. Or talk. We discharge up to 1100 cubic meters of treated gray water into the black else the river every day. Thats well, thats water thats removed from the region. The natural water cycle advise los daily going into grey will say, is treated wastewater, but no said drinking quality. Its long been used for irrigation in southern europe, so nothing gemini back could soon change a new e. U regulation with uniform rules went into force at the end of june. All Sewage Treatment counts in the block that comply and now allowed to divert war to agriculture. The project here is the 1st in gemini lava degree rotate constantly be sprayed onto the fields as it is because all the pathogens that are currently present in the population are also still pump. He reflected on the Water Treatment plans can get a low tone, but not everything. And we dont want to spread these pathogens onto crops and farmland. In the future, however, just 2 sides of the pound scramble, which it will flow into the nearby with a wet gems is sufficiently diluted. The remainder will be pumped through, especially installed u. V system. You called us fossil. The grey will take the treatment plus rice here, so it passes this uv reactive and then exits. Here comes down on it. So i go to the field with in this big, big no of the use, the light kills pathogens that they were able to is still not completely purified. Most knocked out with individual drug residues can be left days of the disinfection because not all of them are affected by ultra vine at night. And we can still measure those in the field of to its that 1st let the water flow. The trial area covers 12 hacked has in total old planted with feed cone. To give out things that have some time for the event will irrigate. That 1st part is all they need. The 2nd field will receive less because we want to have a comparison to see how much water we need to get a good harvest yet. Whats them . And the last field is our referential. And so it wont be irrigated at all voltage if thats, thats the threes. Itll say make it easier to compare pollutant levels because the new e u regulations require a Risk Management plan several times a month. Officials from the gym and Environment Agency come to take samples of gray water ground water pumps and soil hum. Cuz im fishing when we analyze a total of between a 120. 00 and a 140. 00 parameters within the context of irrigation, water, soil and so onto the list is quite long if it ranges from household products and pharmaceuticals to pesticides. So its not some sort smiting residue using greyboard to, as i looted significantly off to its discharged into rivers, could regularly irrigating krupps with it caused them to build up in the soil as a test. This is the for the real question was whether or not these trace substances accumulate in the soil over time. And in ways that could harm health or the environment shock and kind of would then use just, we dont know yet. It has. And we assume that the tests will have to be carried out a year for several years, just like before. We do know whether such an accumulation of pollutants or like are in the soil or not to that mission of to being harvested. The cone model should be tested for contamination, so thatll take time, but its quicker to assess how much irrigation helped clumps during the dry spell. Niko fluid is such as find a pretty irrigated cooling root looks much healthier than its normally regulated, counts upon it. My name didnt contrast to the other on irrigated plant that has a much better ball of fine roots divided. The soil adheres to it, so the plant can optimally supply itself with water and nutrients are going with a Risk Management plan and he is to e. U regulations. Every Sewage Treatment plants could potentially die, but grey wants us to agriculture. In gemini alone, the potential is huge. The countries, 10000 Sewage Treatment plans, treat about 10000000 cubic meters of wasteful to pay a year as its research that could address a worldwide problem. Thats it for this week. Hope you enjoy the show. See you again next time on tomorrow. Today. Bye bye for now the, [000 00 00;00] the shift your guide to life and it it to, to explore the latest online trend. Navigate your way through the digital jungle global perspective. Well see you guys and show you whats possible. You decide what really message to you. Soon i in 15 minutes on d w. We love the unit. Does anything unusual . No mountain is too high. The road is too long and such a fixture ordinary meal. This is specialist of lifestyle, 009. In 30 minutes. On d w the, can you hear me . We are all set. We are watching to see all the to bring you the story behind the new we own about on volume information for free might do to him in these places in europe. Stepped into a bold adventure the treasure map for modern cloud discovers some of us regular bragging sites on youtube and also the the distance dw news lie from berlin. A fiery attack on russias black, safe place. The ukrainian missed all striking leaves moscow. His navel combined into the vast depaul in flames. Its the latest assault on russian next to crimea, also coming up and how to rebuild off to olivias devastating floods destroyed city