Theres an Economic Pulse in the city thats where the majority of Global Growth comes from megacities mighty and monstrous thats our topic today on made thanks for joining us so with all these people go shoe box sized studio in hong kong sleeper van in San Francisco if you view an apartment here in berlin expect hundreds of other applicants to show up as well so where does the city planner turn when affordable space grows tight that idea was already being tackled one hundred years ago by german architect named Walter Gropius the founder of the bauhaus and the figures in the movement with him wanted to build apartments that were beautiful functional and affordable more than design and form the house was a show a social revolution that has had an enduring impact. Quantrill urban has been look like in the future. Good space. Good light supply is tight and prices are soaring i foresee colorful cities but dense and high rise. Urban design needs to be reinvented. Systematically question every time. Designing Affordable Apartment is a new venture for architect Hart Building a complex of one hundred forty units in the german city of. Good living space and attractive architecture for citizens with low incomes it was commissioned by the local authorities. Until now designing Single Family homes for the wealthy has been his speciality this is a new challenge clarity of line and form rectilinear a minimalist aesthetic balance work has been inspired by the bauhaus. Gendered and entirely new movement thats as relevant as ever to this day. What inspires us most is the clarity and the holistic approach of the bauhaus. A group of people came together to create something new in their teaching and in their practice ranging from skyscrapers to product to graphics every area of design and all that for the benefit of ordinary people. Runs in their subsidized Housing Project will be six euros fifty per square meter very moderate now days in a city like. But its not only about being cheap. Everybody has the right to good architecture and good design. Germany lacks Affordable Housing experts estimate it would take well over a Million Units to meet demand and can. Struction has lagged way behind rents are high and rising in cities like million. There was an acute housing shortage a century ago as well with massive overcrowding and terrible sanitary conditions in gloomy tenements as here in berlin poor people often also worked in the spaces where they lived. The Bauhaus Movement was founded in one thousand nine hundred nineteen and soon came to champion a vision of society and design that was radically new even revolutionary it wanted to create good housing for everybody. To achieve that goal that developed standardised units and industrialized production to bring down costs. It was at the forefront of modernist architecture championed simple forms free of ornament large windows and light colors. It also pioneered prefabrication at the time it was simply not technically feasible to put together entire modules as opposed to manufacturing single component. But that changed. The code for a Company Makes much for the construction industry. At its factory in holland for example it makes sixteen prefab units a day including flooring and windows. Theyll be put together on site to make say a Kindergarten School or hospital this kind of construction can prove much faster than building in conventional ways. Standard complaint used to be that this is somehow inferior to simple architectural inflexible but that really doesnt apply any longer we can do anything that conventional construction can do apart from circular but we could do that too. For local authorities to create Affordable HousingConstruction Costs have to be kept low. When an apartment in this complex in munich goes on the market has one hundred people apply the rent is ten euro is a month per square meter thats cheap for the city. The complex was designed by these three architects for munichs Municipal Housing department as homes for people with average incomes their remit to build good housing as cheaply as possible. The demand for accommodation is rising as job growth in the city continues. To market of hidden for so were going to have to reflect on our expectations and requirements. How can we create high quality small apartments. And how small is small. This doesnt mean doing without generous bases we just have to minimize a little and get a little cleverer in design. Unadorned for standard windows the same layouts on each floor simplicity is key that something that our house taught us well. But the comfort of those who live there also plays a central role in designing rooms that light and laid out well. The challenge is that space is limited and things are getting more expensive including browns. So we have to respond by using this space Still Available to us for Affordable Housing. To guess one of. Us is indeed a tall order a major challenge for housing authorities urban planners and architects buildings that are cheap and actually nice to live in. So every year some forty thousand people move here to the german capital of berlin and up with pressure on the job and real estate markets and places new stress on infrastructure like Public Transportation water or gas at the moment berlin has just over three point five million inhabitants its just a tenth the size of one of the worlds biggest cities tokyo the pressure on megacities like these are immense but so are the opportunities so how can it all be managed one answer could come from the growing data streams around us. Big cities are more popular than ever they can be a modern habitat and a motor for Economic Growth fifty five percent of the worlds population already lives in cities by two thousand and fifty thats expected to rise to seventy percent. More and more people are moving to the worlds megacities megacities or urban centers with more than ten million residents back in one nine hundred fifty the only megacities were new york then tokyo today there are thirty three of them. Megacities promise access to well paying jobs modern Health Care Schools and universities. Urbanization is stagnating in europe the worlds biggest and most densely populated cities are in asia. But the fastest growth in urban populations is forecast for africa. An example of explosive urbanization is lagos in nigeria one of the Fastest Growing cities in the world. And here the problems of rapid growth are impossible to oversee living space in crowded urban centers become scarce hence expensive worldwide twenty five percent of city dwellers already live in informal settlements or slums. These neighborhoods often have unreliable or nonexistent supplies of Drinking Water or electricity another problem inadequate Waste Disposal and Sewage Systems and roads and Transportation Systems in fast growing cities are chronically congested. Infrastructure just cant keep pace with the growth of megacities. City planners want to solve these problems with the help of electric vehicles and Renewable Power sources they hope to make cities smarter and better networked by collecting more data about the residents. When do they travel to work when does the garbage get put out when do Parking Spaces free up. It all has to become more efficient. And urban agriculture can move Food Production into cities as well but what happens to the countryside will entire regions soon be devoid of inhabitants neglected. Maybe thats a good thing finally an opportunity for nature to recover. Those megacities grow they create mega amounts of trash and it cant just be pushed to the immediate outskirts of the city because cities everywhere are expanding all the time the world already produces over a billion tons of garbage a year and thats projected to double in the next ten years so what happens when more waste is concentrated within a city perimeter my colleague ben physical and took a look at how a very prominent corner of berlin is dealing with just this challenge. Roseann prosperity can have a certain smell about them. The makers cities of the future will have to manage waist differently unless they want these on their doorsteps. So then found a solution a long time ago i bought some a plot spawn of the citys main causes. Its been through a large europes busiest intersection the berlin wall cut into then europes biggest construction site the perfect opportunity to dig deep. This is where the wall used to split east from west nowadays thanks to the Waste Management firm alba its all about up stairs where life goes on and downstairs where the dirty work happens im here to meet the lord of the underworld. He will shortz first ive got to find him. Its a giant labyrinth down here. Sure five kilometers of service tunnels for the Offices Hotels and fears about ive never seen anything like it. And seen an Unsung Heroes for the one hundred thousand daily visitors to put some accounts. On all of their lives theyve used by stars like lady gaga during the war ceremonies. But i was looking for actually its. The ice cream that they. He is the guy who helped plan this place a visionary he came up with the concept in the ninetys with george event and im sure. He says the set up is one of a kind that would make cities mold livable. The people seven stories above us produce eight tons of trash a day. Separating plastic from organic is still a major challenge for so many people when they for away their rubbish but the manual task of separating all the gunk from junk is worth it nothing goes to waste these leftovers of pureed the fat siphoned off for using cosmetics the water removed for treatment all thats left a tiny little flakes sent off to a bio gas plant to create energy. Six thousand for the dehydration machine saves a six thousand kilometers of unnecessary transportation within birman every year the isnt instead of fifteen thousand containers we only have to transport five thousand of the fight in other words we reduce the garbage in our cost by two thirds yet. At that in a country often stuck in analog. Because it didnt have the that is are scanned this is the system knows which ones belong to which customers then theyre billed and its all logged and the biggest. Then there are the silver bins they contain Sensitive Data for shredding Company Secrets that want to see the light of day. Whats not a secret is that the global population is booming it could reach ten billion by two thousand and fifty but the projections show the mountains of waste will grow even faster. Modern underground ways. Management is his solution and in the future robots. Taking deliveries and removing waste is tricky we want to start sending robots through the service tunnels to do the cleaning at night and its been you get a lot of music tells ya so theres a lot of interest from abroad especially from big cities they all take a good look around and want to use this as a model for what theyre building this takes the burden off the environment being underground theres no Noise Pollution from the wind and the streets around clogged life is better above. Usual and cities of the future look likely for to get through this digitized underground everything serviced from below and the vibrance of life above. Nice is not the vibrance of life hes talking about but this is the way so many cities operate leaving the rest of the planet to drown in its own waste. And as cities grow bigger they also have to grow more efficient and trash collection as we just saw but also on Public Transport Energy delivery Water Treatment you name it and thats why more and more urban centers are turning to digital platforms where settings for all of these services can increasingly be tailored to Real Time Data the socalled smart city is more than just a blueprint in taiwan its already in the works and its all being powered by electronic currency. Cities around the world are growing at an unprecedented pace in asia half a billion people are expected to move from the countryside to the cities over the next few decades migration on a monumental scale and one that involves monumental challenges. Has come up with an idea to meet some of the challenges hes the cofounder of the successful cryptocurrency iota she never wants to use iota of technology to let machines in urban areas communicate with each other and turn megacities into smart cities. So the city of the future is obviously fully automated where we have to census and actuators to actually interacting with each other because the biggest problem that we have today is we have all of these different data side us where data is not being exchanged and through that we dont really have a Smart Environment and a city of the future is stephanus market right where these Different Actors and machines and also human start exchanging data with each other and then make decisions based on that data. Created in twenty fifteen iota and now has a workforce of ninety people worldwide domenichino has developed algorithms that enable large quantities of data to be processed rapidly the Major Applications for yoder definite is machine economy right so where for example the car now has a wallet and the car now can start paying smart infrastructure which includes an extra can you call charging or toll stations or. Paying for data buying data from other machines and so on and so forth as one city that is already making use of this technology is tied in february twenty seventeen iotas signed a Partnership Agreement with the taiwanese capital. Interesting thing about taiwan is that theyre very open to new innovations so they also want to provide an environment where you can explore your technology very contested out and so the city come to us and they want to partner with us smarts it is of great interest lost because there is true r. T. M. Contests different use cases from different sectors right as energy is mobility its supply chain. The we know sharing project is also geared up to this large city it has several thousand electric scooters available across taipei that are reserved and paid for by and the aim is to reduce noise and pollution. The taipei authorities also have a joint venture with the Supermarket Chain to improve convenience for food shoppers minis support over twenty cashless Payment Systems from credit cards to. Markdowns course theyre open twenty four seven. And in taipei selfservice Smart Technology has now expanded to include garbage recycling the i trash machines automatically process cans and bottles while issuing credit to the disposer it can be used for a bus or train ticket the further incentive for residents to recycle the future is going to be a kind of miss where these machines around us make our lives easier and Research Tells Us the neighbors off this future because theres the inherent Business Model behind it by so i want to pay the machine to do to a Certain Service for me and this is payment can only happen through this open network and is open crypto currency right so that the machines can actually accept my currency and i can a payment and i can pay the machine for the service. Machines that communicate with each other are the foundation of tomorrows smart urban centers there are some concerns about the security of the new technologies but theres no question theyll play a major role in the cities of the future. What would modern cities be without elevators a lot closer to the ground thats for sure but thats not an option for the megacities of the future which wont build outs but up german firm to syncrude hopes to be at the forefront of the latest developments by completely rethinking the humble left among its developments a mag lev elevator that can go higher than any of its traditional counterparts and moves sideways as well sounds pretty cool doesnt it take a look. The way skyscrapers a bill to set to change dramatically to get a sneak preview i went to a new elevator testing tal in southern germany. About two hundred forty six meters its the tallest in the world. The tao is great news for engineer marcos yet or he can now finally test his state of the art maglev elevators. And the idea of developing a cable this elevator has been around for a. Century but we are now taking this step and breaking new ground where that other elevator manufacturers would also be keen to have this kind of system. Than down we had in one of four elevators this one works with cables. It feels a little like freefall it takes thirty seconds it could go faster but that has a drawback. You know with eight meters a second do you feel it in your ears that compensating for the air pressure the whole time is there a speed limit in this. Process and there is no limit as such its more a question of comfort for passengers. No elevators to stand at speeds faster than ten meters per second this. Is because it hurts this year second heard so where are the maglev elevators its Community Income the store approaching the core of the tower which contains the shafts for testing our new elevators. Theyve been twenty years in development unlike conventional models they function without weights or cables. The elevator cab in sits on a kind of slide that travels along to guide rails. The rails essentially do the same thing a cable does in conventional lifts the power generates a mobile Magnetic Field that propels the cabin in the planned direction. The cabin can also travel sideways. Whats called the exchanger sets it on the horizontal track. Im not allowed to take a ride the engineers are still waiting for safety approval that should happen in about two years time. If theres a sudden power outage the brakes immediately grab the guide rails cooking the cabin in place. The system would open up entirely new possibilities for architects every day and major skyscrapers thousands of people need transport. One idea is to link several skyscrapers together with horizontal elements then passengers will be able to travel in a circle. Because they dont require cables or weights maglev elevators can also travel much higher than conventional designs thats why you had turned his team are testing the elevators for use in New Buildings and brand new markets your car that is inside. And using this cable a system we want to go beyond the limits posed by todays conventional elevators we want to go far beyond three hundred or six hundred meters up were shooting for the thousand meter range of. The test tower built by star architect has more yarn is really striking the company spent money on it for a reason its also an elevator showroom for its clients. But lots of people want to visit the viewing platform. Tickets cost nine euros two hundred thousand visitors come every year. There are the annoying can you use them as guinea pigs. As if we dont experiment with our visitors and they dont get in the way at all weve managed to combine the functions weve organized that very well with the visitors like those you see here today we can get on with our work just fine with them here. On the way up my stomach drops into my shoes. The elevators here have special dimensions and weights. The tower was specially built in order to test them. It took ten months to construct the building shelf it went up at the rate of several meters a day. It contains a dozen test shots offices and a visitors platform. Be exterior of the tower is covered with the translucent textile skin to cut down on the amount of sway when the wind is high. For many visits. Just riding the elevator is experience enough. Yet it would also like to finally earn money selling the modern elevator systems. It wont be long the first maglev elevator is slated for installation in a skyscraper in berlin in two years time. As cities grow so will the innovations that make them cleaner more connected and ultimately more livable but will we actually make communities out of these cities or grow more and more anonymous the people who live right next door thats the bigger question so check in on your neighbor once in a while and ask how its going and thats it for made this week we look forward to seeing you know next time until then take care. Quadriga International Talk show four journalists discuss the topic of the week president s call to close a National Emergency to get funding for the border with mexico and calls cars made europe of the allies a threat to National Security bending the rules to the breaking point were looking at that coming up on the tree. Quadriga thirty minutes on t. W. Crimes against humanity. Civilians become witnesses from their recorded images travel around the globe via social media. Digital investigators combed through the flood of images find sources to try to reconstruct what happened and to substantiate claims of crimes. In seventy five minutes on v. W. Photographic. Hey listen up. Thats what video game music sounded like thirty years ago. Todays tracks take the experience to another level a sense to him compose a way maps are. Featured in many games his music is bound to comes to his fans he opens doors to. Sounds good. Oh genre thats so much more than. Background music video. Starts february twenty fifth. Sometimes. Culture. Stereotypes clash. Its a good. Post. Whats the connection between bread. And baker. And lets go about recipes for success strategies that make a difference. Thank. You. Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro has ordered the closure of his countrys border with brazil his government wants to stop humanitarian aid from getting in meanwhile many venezuelans have been crossing the border with colombia to collect. The supplies are a pretext for u. S. Military intervention hes also considering shutting the colombian border. A space x. Falcon nine rocket israels first lunar lander has