I recall cia is still to boast. Important economic activity, i think provides employment to up to 2 thirds of the continents population. Welcome to echo africa. Im crease a lamps. And i am sandra to interview today on these special edition of our program. We are focusing on rethinking agriculture, and well learn about how we can fund more sustainably and keep the world fed. Here is a quick look at what is coming up. We see how a former in germany is combating to wait aubrey called chip will also he about a fruit not ask for the black good of side for us. And we learn how tiny helpless a what you to go bought a pesky plant in south africa. We started today shall righty in uganda. Here in the country we produce a wide range of agriculture products like con sweetwater toes. So gum coffee and tea to name just a few. But just how those quotes are farmed can have a big effect on the hills of the soil, as well as the harvest, as well see in our 1st story. With this one, as ive never looked so closely at earth, water was in but pneumonia encouraged him. I have always regarded these worms as dangerous. I would not have them in my garden younger when i see them. I get rid of them. Colette, you was the one you saw was a young lady. But these worms, glen and halted. Rose. They also composed plant debris, with their excrement, they enriched the soil to pass on this knowledge, that biologists and fond of an n g o for Sustainable Land use. Alita ben decade gives regular training courses like this one this morning. Ah, we are learning about vimy composting. How can we try to amend our sales using ready with loss theyre capable of producing for us, those soil amendments. The likes of one casting st. Fertilizer can also be obtained from green waste. The liquid is then simply added to water, useful aggregation. Its a very cheap and environmentally friendly fertilizer. And its training sessions. Alita. Ben decker explains how elements of nature walk in symbiosis. Each plant and animal has an Important Role to play. When look at the food forest system, we have the shot once. Then you could see we have the total once, and then we have that the under story plants. That means that each one is contributing to each other, where we have the, the natural hedgerow of the vet, eva. It collects and also acts as a habitate for small essex that could contribute to beneficial insects. That would deter, or that could reduce the population of the dangerous pests. The farmers need to know how even minor human interventions can upset natures balance. Experts believe it can, we connect the systems and make them more vulnerable to climate extremes. Bio diversity in the fields is also better for humans. Studies by units of, for example, showed that Small Farmers with few cropped varieties in the fields often suffer from poor nutrition. Sciences from uganda have confirmed us in african context. You realize that also in the region. Yeah. In total people eat what they produce. A deposit is producing one bus and 5 acres. But on that 5 acres, what else is there . Do you have the legends that you have been on the same farm . Do you have animals on the same farm you have lentils on the same . You have vegetables on them. If you dont about diversity, we dont about divested on the fun, which is actually supposed to translate into day vested on the plate. And us a day vested in the market and the cool farmers learn why its important to leave trees in the fields or to plant new ones. Pharma, rubica ruby, has implemented this idea and planted jack fruit trees among his vegetable crops. Entertain a utica into equal anger. What do you mean . I have the trees because now crops which grow well in shade prints. This tree is windbreaker. I will use all the class, all sorts of herbal medicine to treat my family against illnesses like office at the gate that she could not be done because sunk into ali to been decades rained around 200 farmers in the last 3 years. She has also founded a savings group, offering micro credit to members. Some can even trade to produce in the community. They ascertain people or may not be interested into funding. But using such avenues, it becomes something that can spark off someone is attention towards farming. And then also towards being environmental cautious. Alita, ben jackie, is convinced on biodiversity and fields is better for everyone, both of Peoples Health and for nature. Whoa, what any sparing example more than agriculture. Annex report comes from europe. You may never part of the curb tree, but it is an undemanding plant and also goes in the joint regions. The fruit is edie board, but not old farmers know what theyre good for. In cyprus, i young man is following in his grandfathers footstool and harvest, the 5th, which has met in 2 different products. And it turns out that keeping all traditions alive is definitely worth while. Every year thiel finance crystal helps out with the harvest. His family taught him everything he knows about the care of tree. The ponds are ground into a powder thats a popular substitute for cocoa. Its used as a sweetener to and also as a natural adhesive crew. Snow is studying finance, so he knows a lot about markets for decades. Karen prices have been low, 0. 35 per kilo a, the middle, her pure. It doesnt matter because of the war in ukraine. The price of a kilo of cara reached 85 cents this year and is expected to reach one euro per kilo asked the out. Does anyone have harvested care of this year . Will have an enormous income because you dont spend money on growing carob, you just harvested from trees and transported to mills hobby. And then guns cupcakes were cultivating caraballo, panama, 0 expenses. And, and its profitable. Got, i dont get of us. Carol trees have been cultivated on cyprus for some 3000 years. Many local families with their roots on the island own care and plantations, like george potty. Hes the way that this said, please here, which is how nearly ill pop out true. Checked us. We are planned that by my grandfather. Well go buck more than 100, v as a call. Once the pants have been harvested, the farmer takes them to the mill and the coastal town of z. For centuries, karen ponce known locally as black gold. Were one of cypress is main exports in the last century. Cypress was the worlds 3rd largest care and producer. These days karen cultivation is no longer as lucrative as it once was. But many families have kept up the tradition. I am the last generation. My children have other jobs they are not, sir. Oh, they dont mind up on the i got your crops because they dont pay. But now care of this making a comeback. Demand has risen in recent years, not least because the flower from the pod is increasingly used in vague and cuisine, as well as various diets. The plant is versatile and can be used in its entirety from the fruit to the seeds in ano year. In the south of the island. Karen products are ubiquitous and a stable at the local market. The government has become more aware of their value to the agriculture minister plans to boost karen production on the island level middle about anybody she wont be getting people. Usually william kara production is very important for cyprus because it doesnt mean much insecticide. Fertilizer and water isnt at all yet. Lovely books giving d miguel, this is important in terms of Climate Change need someone to call me soon as possible. Just wanted to go over the appleton. Its also important because you can create a huge range of products from the carob. Yup. But it be not militia was more care can be found in products such as candy syrup and bank goods. And it could, once again become apprised, export and of demand continues to grow. More care of trees will be planted, providing care and cultivation would be an investment in sustainable farming. It was profitable in the past and could be possible in the future thing in europe and talking about an ecosystem that is a climate wonder pit lawns are absolutely amazing based on incent amounts of cowboy in india soil. By the way, the biggest midland in africa is in the deer thief. It is the size of england and wells combined on Stores Almost 20000000. 00 tons of counseling. Well the problem is sondra. We are destroying pit lands at a crazy rate. And mostly just to extract resources or plant crops. But, but really this enormous amount of c o 2, the famous there is no need. We can do both, save one of the most effective Carbon Storage systems in the world and found them at the same time. Lets take a look. Oh, good to find out how that supposed to work. We came here a farm in germanys east. All of this used to be conventional so dry farmland, but in 2015 it got turned back into pete lance wet, farmland. And this is sebastian pitney, the guy whos in charge of it all. He re where it is 107. 00 hecht is completely pity, mainly grows much grasses to sellers horse feed, but operating in the wet new need, wealth, special equipment. Its a former snow chair that used to groom ski runs, it had to be completely rebuilt. We kept muslim. The chains had to be completely replaced by an amount. And you had these aluminum bars which are quite aggressive, allowing you to drive up the mountain. Apple bottle, we want to work as gently as possible on the ground. So we installed wide steel struts instead of why the starch digging the alpha to keep his feels wet pitifully needed to completely close down his drainage system that runs through his fields. The solution was quite simple. He barricaded the gates with wood, easy and effective, plus, extremely helpful and dry. Somers, in the on the viet tom, it in years like were having now with this drought, this water here is worth its weight in gold. Yes. Yes, yes. Possible see it. So if we retain the water here over a large area, then everyone benefits from n. Lafond. Why am . Because in the end the water moves around to the that is also an important function of the bogs. The thing is all, not only Carbon Storage, but also as a Water Reservoir of quote, quote, you quote a flight. Also, one of us was australia. Despite the enormous re wedding efforts, the water level here varies a lot from 50 centimeters above ground to 60 centimeters below. During dry summers. This can still lead to c o 2 emissions in pete lens. But how did the glance trap cabin in the 1st place . Can we just took this out of the ground and you just gripped this piece of earth and squeeze it. You can see all what is going all that and thats basically what makes headlands. So climate friendly, the water because below me are thousands of tons of that plant, but because people are wet, they dont decompose the microorganisms who usually do that, dont have enough oxygen to take care of that. So the carbon remains in the soil. And when all this dries up, the plants suddenly decompose much faster and the oxygen in the air attaches to the carbon in the soil. And you get c o 2. And the scale is mind blowing between 5 and 10 percent of all men made Greenhouse Gas emissions come from damaged. Pete lands. This new approach of combining agriculture with pete land meadows is called polluted culture. And this also has advantages in terms of productivity. Loiter in this way, i ensure that the degradation of my pete land is as close to 0 as possible. Meaning i still have an area on which i can continue farming my life, although it is in the other advantage is water attention. There is means, even in the dry isd years, if i can still get a decent harvest inflation wall, one of the fountain cup and hay isnt the only thing you can produce on pete lands. Alternatives include common, read, and bull rush, which is also grown in these tots here at the university of glass vase, where scientists try to find out everything about growing stuff in wetlands. Here they scan roots and measure every millimeter of plant growth with these funky machines. They have x ray vision, but wouldnt it be better environmentally if wed give pete lens completely back to nature and not found them the long . Well, as long as routes are being produced and the more wedding this a new piece should build up again, is visioning most and the thing is the water level is if the moors where you want its good for the climate. Whether we then farmer or not is just a question of what we want to do with it. Fog of us when viewed and so you dont need to revert completely to nature to reap benefits from the peak loans. A you case study looked at the climate effects of different water levels in pate lands, raising the water level in degraded pete lens world wide by a few centimeters, would already reduce emissions by 65 percent. That represents 1. 3 percent of global c o 2 emissions sebastian pity also owns 35. 00 water buffaloes. They mature slowly, but every once in a while his lot of them and sells the meat. Hes been doing this for a fair while now. Doesnt pay off compared to intensive conventional farming although im from a purely financial perspective. No. Oh, but when i think of it as an investment in the future, then yes, because all i mean showing that the land will still be productive in 20 or 30 years time. Either john not to watch off of them but not hotly, but compared to the revenues of intensive crop farming, the current cost of re wedding heat lens and buying new machinery. Most farmers will be better off financially if they stick with intensive families. A way to make polluted culture more profitable would be that government stop paying for the climate benefits that re wetted peak loans provide this could help get more farmers interested in the idea of polluted culture. And its environmental benefits. Something quite helpful when you know that 300000 square kilometers of crop land need re wedding globally. Thats the size of italy stain on the topic of rethinking agriculture. Our next report comes from an area of ivory coast, also struggling with severe droughts. Some farmers, they are now banding together to protect their fields from winged and unpredictable weather conditions. Here is the seeks doing your bits. Ah ah, how can we protect fields that are exposed to both drought and heavy rain . Ah, in north an ivory coast, farmers used to simple methods the small stone wools, their building across their fields, retain water, the walls, stay run parallel, but snake back and forth. They use a level not to check whether the ground is even but to find out which way the land is sloping. The stones are then laid said that they will catch the water run off. Ah, sapp paramedic fetches it is that allows us to fertilize the soil because the compost ace put his shot and the ditches, we have already dug up. You can fill up with water, easy to set up, lee. Oh, they have all say planted trees to act as wind brakes. They are regularly pruned to keep them in check, less out of grown up like that my dear per to the trees we planted help to shield the soil from the wind. The small walls we are building, distribute the run off, theres your data silly loss so that the water doesnt wash away the soil and create deep channels, which would make the land useless in the long run to sell a lot there. So ah, the farmers and our feeling more connected to, they realize they can only protect their fields together. Oh man, how about you . If you are also doing your bit, tell us about it, visit our website, or send us a tweet. Patch tag doing your bit. We share your stories in todays mode and interconnected world agriculture. As a big business must the force have probably eaten food that our grandparents never even heard of or had the opportunity to taste. But as a sheep proved use and goods around the world, sometimes other plants and animals go along for the ride. And in some cases, that can cause huge problems in their new homes. As well see in our next report from south africa. Ah, a green mass where open water should be for decades. The problem now to be put down in northern south africa has been growing exponentially. The lake is overgrown with water hyacinth, a plant from south america. Now clogging bodies of water throughout africa, the Invasive Plant grows extremely fast. The ecological consequences are dramatic, combating the plant has been difficult despite intense research. What are high is one of the worlds morris to am problematic. Aquatic leads. Its been presence. 8 on how to pass, but damn, since the 1970s. And its a massive problem. And theyve tried to remove it manually do herbicide applications. But its still a massive problem. And because it can cover up to 40 percent of the damn survey researchers in south africa have been trying to control the invasive planned for years well sealed off from the environment. Scientists are looking for the water hyacinth natural enemies. And theyve made a big find that only 4 millimeters in size. The inconspicuous water hyacinth plant hopper is also a native of south america. The insect reproduce just as rapidly as the water hyacinths. And the little guys have a big appetite. One of the Major Concerns we havent, biological control is that in sick that me release could feed another plant species. So we mitigate that in this facility by testing these candidate insert on various plants species including native species and crop plants. And we need to do this testing to make sure that the insects that we released odd will be co host specific. This testing is very thorough and sometimes can take years. Its important for this because once it is roneesh, we cant get them back. The tests for the water hyacinth plant hopper are finally complete. The bugs are now being collected and packed for transport together with a leaf of their favorite food. Theyre on their way to the heart to be sport dam. Rosalie smith, of the center for biological control, sees to it herself that the insects reached their destination. The denser the water hyacinth scro, the better it is for their little enemy. They can multiply here quickly. Oh, i preach with releasing the plans up is is using them as a green her beside sir as many as releases as possible early in the summer. I that allows their populations to build a quickie. And that also just allows them to damage the. Ponce as soon as possible, so that the plans try and expand their growth over the damn water hyacinth form dense mats that drift across the lake. When they collide, their underwater roots become entangled and block out any light. Gradually, a huge dense carpet of plans forms. They can completely over gro bay areas, which is not only an ecological problem, but in economic one too many people at the damn live from tourism. Each year columns of workers removed the plants from the water with long rakes. Its a slow and laborious process that only works on smaller waters in huge areas like this though, the tiny helpers have to step in. The traces of their work can be seen on the water hyacinths leaves. Holes and brown areas testify to the success of the organic pest control. The nibbled on and dead plans dropped to the ground and slowly decomposed under water. You can also see them from space. Within 2 years, the growth on the dam has decreased from 40 to just 5 percent. This is a site to where we did frequence inundate of releases of the plans hopper am. And we know theyre here in high numbers because they dump around as i pick up of plans and what they damage look like is they caused their leaves to become brown. The leaves also, im recall on themselves. And so the plans in the sites is heavily damaged and thats basically what we would like for the rest of how to best put them in the evening light. The success of the operation can be seen particularly well. Swarms of plant hoppers fly over the water hyacinths. Nevertheless, the plant will probably never really disappear. It spreads too quickly. Even so large open water areas have re emerged on the heart of baseboard dam since their introduction. This promising result could lead to the plant oper is being used on other infested waters. Rethinking agriculture and how to use nature or plants in a different way is something that affects everyone around the planet. I hope you enjoyed an in depth look at the topic. Sadly, it is time to say good by already. I am sandra. We know youre in uganda tuning next time next week. Thanks, sandra. Its also time to say farewell from nigeria. If you want to know more, join us on our social media or write to us. I am chris ellipse ticket ah, ah. With enable klein that can actually end up harming the climate. Why . Because its hum, subject to any laws or regulations. The truth behind climate neutrality. Close up in on d. W. Life rebel, underground. Here, microbes keep our ecosystems healthy teams of research or is now want to create these tiny organisms artificially to help restore soil words. Natural balance has already been destroyed or artificial microbes. Really the answer to borrow today, ah, 90 minutes on d. W. Ah and with interest, the global economy, our portfolio d w business beyond. Heres a closer look at the project. Our mission. To analyze the fight for market dominance. East this is wes. Get his debit head with d w. Business beyond sheet music cant be destroyed. You can try, but its impossible. Ah, she performed for her life in auschwitz. He was the nazis favorite to musicians who lived beneath the banner of the swastika, of from about the sounds of power and inspiring story about survival. Thanks to music. Fetch the channel to play out. Well, i was the only one im super lucky user under the swastika starts november 19th on d. W. Ah ah, oh, this is the w use lie from berlin. High stakes in the us says millions head to the polls today. President joe biden is a wind for the republicans in todays mid terms would threaten democracy in the u. S. Former president donald trump, his, hes prepared