This program is a special edition featuring insects and the crucial role they play in an environment on ecosystems but he has a quick look at that and some of todays other topics. But the mix of Biggest National park is a treasure trove for Insect Research as we find out why that believe. It will be talking to some of just sunday cassim nairobi to hear about the common state insect world in africa well also be talking about poor way a young french woman has come up with a simple solution well talk with the problem of. Insects they are everywhere they are an outstanding nine hundred thousand different kinds of living insects known to scientists that accounts of about eighty percent of the worlds species and new ones are being discovered every day that discover those discoveries thang. As to the dedication of the searchers like the team by. Some big. National park. Just no praying is too small here in the garden gosa National Park in mozambique recut a gutierrez out hunting. But hes not looking for lions or elephants hes looking to bag insects. With this. Thought this insect belongs to the beetle family. The ground beetle family. If you touch it its a cretin as cynical liquid although. Ricardo works with entomologist. In the wilson biodiversity laboratory. One objective of this Research Facility is to document the diversity of its insects find riccardo some insects yes. Some of them have done some beautiful some of them have been growing ghosts or International Scientists work with locals to find out about mozambiques rich biological heritage and ricardo has called thousands of insects for the parks team of experts to identify. Spot and promote usually some light markings on the legs just like. The database contains information on all the animals and plants found in the park and that includes insect they play a key role in the future. This is with Scientific Research and morning. After nightfall is when insects come into their own feet. He has set up a light trap based on the principle that moonlight influences insect behavior. The leaving the artificial light is the moon the insects begin to spiral so that they remain parallel to the light source. It is insects who actually run the world are they are some of the most important elements of almost any ecosystem almost any restaurant ecosystem are they provide and number of services. This without which we would be able to function so things like pollination you know all the smarts without down all the trees and plants without a round this would be able to produce fruit. To people who live near the National Park benefit from the protected area in a number of ways. Locals used to live mainly from poaching now they have regular jobs. The research is all working tirelessly. With the help of nets they also want to find out more about the feeding patterns of bats. Yes they make most progress at night. An expert on bats is using an instrument to identify sounds that human ears cant normally hear. This is. That there was a warning call. The recordings are highly informative this is the Perfect Place to study this because we have a high diversity of that species diversity of insect species and were surrounded by areas that suffer from malaria and also where crops so its an ideal place to study the interaction between bats and insect species that plague humans. Its believed that scientists are only aware of the about ten percent of existing insect species in coming years who researches the garden grocer park will likely discover thousands. Thanks in part to a cutter and his net. Now well be hearing more about the role in play in africa and how they are beneficial to human nature as a whole dr sunday cassy is an entomologist and Pest Management specialist at the International Center of insect physiology ecology he has done a lot of Fascinating Research into bio repellent bugs as a reliable food source and how insects excellent by indicators of Climate Change is what africa caught up with in nairobi. One of the critics wrote. About it be five percent of. It various kinds of. Missions. So very very important. For instance the economy of the mission in six zero unbolt. Could be as high as five hundred billion dollars. By this. This is. Also far from. What we do exploit these diseases. And music. To reline. What we have been doing over b. S. Is the past commercialized various products in the business of this understanding we able to isolate or carry out bio prospective exploration to find dead insects or isolate these pathogens all these bacteria fungus from the insects culture. And mass produce it and once we have beyond that we transferred his knowledge to the private sector that provide proof bruised by a pesticide as on tiny to do use of synthetic that is harmful to the environment. The utilization of insect for food and feed has really taken africa by storm because initially the knowledge was little known but. We went into these programs and began to let people know all of the value of insect terms of consumption and for food we discovered that there are over five hundred different kinds of incidents that are eating across africa so we began to walk with the police to make us to ensure that stand thats. An asterisk speak now have the first stand for freedom and for food in kenya and in uganda so we need to see more of these across africa and big kenya an example has opened the door for several african countries to begin to embrace the need to have and that story short that these products are available all across the place. Change is so important for insects because it affects the development that affects the reproduction and it affects the survival as the temperature warms they develop quicker. And when they develop theres a tendency when their minds very quick are not the crop at an early stage when you dont even expect them to and were seeing this happen in the order aspect changes in distribution because temperatures warming there is the tendency for to begin to move. From to warm area. So it changes in distribution of patterns. Happens Climate Science has all kinds of impact on insects and really good indicators from one christmas. To pollinating fruits and flowers and vegetables insects give us many of the things we would probably not want to do with honey bees so these are just a few examples as i have all the gardeners love ladybugs because they devour a feds. Cats and his staff breed the colorful beetles and send their eggs to mainly private customers his company has been in the business for over twenty years. Not all their beneficial bugs are suitable for use outdoors. If you capture grown lady bugs and want to use them somewhere theres always the possibility that they will fly away so if you deploy ladybugs then only in enclosed spaces. Minute predatory mites on the other hand tend to stay put here theyve made themselves comfortably at home on some bean plants the staff then harvest them along with the leaves theyre attached to the predatory mites have already decimated an entire colony of spider mites here and bred prolifically in the process just a few leaves are enough to provide a customer with more than a thousand of the useful predators. Became natural pest control works particularly well if you use beneficial insects at the first signs of infestation you have to look at it mathematically if you have one hundred million pests you need a hundred thousand beneficial insects to fight them thats an enormous number if you only have a thousand pests you only need twenty beneficial insects so you have to identify the infestation at an early stage and deploy beneficial insects straight away its the tiny pedrosa toyed wasp and foremost is also bred by cats biotech here on these tobacco plants its helping to tackle a species commonly known as greenhouse whitefly a big threat to commercial crops worldwide the little black insects have specialized in white flies next door where they had a plentiful supply the wasps have multiplied they lay eggs and the living larva of greenhouse whitefly which eventually kills them. Business is booming the Company Sends insects to fight plant pests to customers across europe transport has to be speedy since both insects and their eggs can perish along the way. Katz has also visited greenhouses in ethiopia where plant breeders work with beneficial bugs but he says in conventional outdoor farming in africa its not really advisable. To home in opar name in europe we have the advantage of having cold winters in this period the past population is refused to zero but in tropical or subtropical regions thats obviously not the case the past populations there persist throughout the year its very difficult to work with beneficial insects when pest infestation levels are high five and in my opinion that can only work in isolated cases and war i ninety five killing so preferably in controlled environments like greenhouses because beneficial insects have their limits the company also works together with the chemicals industry katzs preparing predatory my dogs for a manufacturer of conventional pesticides the industry is working to develop substances that wont kill the little helpers peter katz says that without artificial pesticides Food Security isnt achievable instead he wants to see chemical agents that have a lower impact on predators they can kill pasts like these green lace wing larvae which hoover up a feds in a big way theyre a real boon for any garden and gun as low income as the sun isnt situation its pretty. Shocking its five percent of gun and access to adequate toilet facilities that means they often have to relieve themselves in. Public places and that is having a negative consequence both on the health of the population and. One Company Called wash kings is offering a solution eco friendly bio digester toilets yes they did check this out. After a week of work the bio digester is ready. Around a hundred of these eco friendly toilets have a rather than build in and around the crowd. There invent a deal dont supervise in the construction of the toilets for a community compound of across. Isnt that the base of the digest. And they will come and fix their videos might say yes. On that basis on the toilet needs little water thats important so much as water is scarce on down and on and this is how the guy that i just to work to send us your hunch. And with what i know you wash your hands we will go inside. The toilets require little more than healthy little flushing water. Liquids and solids a separate edge and then design is added to the solid waste to help it degrades more quickly deal dont i would have studied conversation and Resource Management he made it his goal to provide widespread access to clean toilets access to tell it was for me a challenge i sometimes got to go to the beach play list please yourself to a lot of risk the risk of somebody may be what you know what im watching. You and also being also beaten by snakes where us over eighty percent of the canadians have access to clean water fewer than twenty percent have access to clean toilets and thats according to the World Health Organization generally you have to pay to use public toilets and theyre frequently not very hygenic often trucks dump the waste collected into the sea bosun another health risk theyll tennessee for most canadians deaf occasion in the open also hardly in the tracts of option to buy that just was mainly invented for low income households the toilets are not cheap they range in cost from around four hundred to nine hundred us dollars michael of law and his fellow residents were able to finance it if youre going to come out of the auxiliary heat up to fifty of us or to yourself to get out there and take the meat. Which is just to be sure again. Just to argue see what im doing which is going to use your powers and there are more benefits local people working here and a steady income as well as learning transferable skills. More than twenty people have already been trained now i have been working which was helping me alone look up to my wife my children and ill be able to pay my total school fees pay my bills pay everything about the house be able to do everything i do dont set up his company two years ago last year against a price won an award for integrating social and environmental benefits into its business model. Now lets talk about food safety. So day many processed foods come with a sell by date and you open the lot for big supermarkets to be pulled out all the perishables the food comes still becomes even without any of its restaurants have a similar problem what to do with leftovers that are still good enough so when its time to close the kitchen for the day a young woman named fonts is doing something about it shes doing hybrids its a concert act thats threw away a culture and it is a concept thats cutting off. Solidarity for a chance. To. Eighty eight Million Tonnes of food and wasted in europe every year. That amounts to one hundred seventy three kilos a person. Who made a truly amazing restaurant in paris. She wanted an alternative to turning unsold food away. In jeans when she seventeen she set up a solidarity for inch in front of her restaurant. Inspired by a concept from berlin the idea is simple anyone can take food from the fridge or add to it. Through some vegetables and cold kinds of produce oh well. The fridge is a financed with the help of crowdfunding campaigns. They can be set up in just five minutes. Now the fridge is a spreading across from. The message to the studios have the money. To be more aware of the impact of the consumption. Like that. If youre also doing your bit tell us about. It. Visit our website or send us a tweet. To doing your bit. More stories. For centuries lots of people in africa lived on the plants and animals found in the forest. What they needed. To present day many of those same areas are now National Parks established primarily to protect the animals especially when they did ones that are within them from falling great supporters because National Park. Is a good example ranges up National Park in southwestern committal practically around the clock its their job to protect the surviving animals from poachers people who have been living in this area for centuries hunting for food has a long tradition here. It would be very very happy and we dont have anything that be happy. About. It. But not many animals in coming out of thirty and with extinction rain just and conservationists use kind of the traps to record the bungling populations in corrupt National Park. In particular primates. And little monkeys are endangered theyre hunted for food or so dont illegally. This is often the only chance that People Living in and around the National Park have to. But in the village of character things are different the head of the National Park has come to visit his give it a ceremonial welcome people here used to be involved in the illegal bush meat trade but now the villagers cooperate with the park rangers the inhabitants benefit from sticking to conservation groups solar power for instance was introduced to the village in return. They couldnt look at people because the center or or the resort affords so for the first time we were consulted at every stage and. Became convinced of the fact that we could have differing with any in living inside the National Park like former hunter john a for for example hunting had become increasingly strenuous for the fifty nine year old. Nowadays he cultivates bananas cocoa beans and mangoes the conservationists would like to persuade more hunters to follow his example. His family today enjoys a higher standard of living than they did in the past. More than a hundred thousand francs i think i could plant even more land because its very easy money they have a sting is very easy just to break the cocoa beans lead them out to dry in the sun and sell them its not as hard as hunting i used to have a lot of problems with that. In the community a hole in the head of the village announces a ban on hunting all family heads have agreed to the missions and the sanctions are touched. Ten men are handing over their guns to the conservationists the villagers getting ten motorcycles in exchange. The first men are already receiving driving lessons what they used to be hunters. Now theyll be able to under school goes or taxi drivers. This truck through the rain forest is quite a meal. Under construction tool on foot it takes us to reach the next village. And sometimes when that revitalizes its impossible. Bit axes will enable people to sell their groups at the market but john is hoping the route through the forest with him in just a dock truck he feels that a proper road could attract illegal locus very good a forest is a friend of mine. If this forest disappears i might even die myself i also can subpoena. The Conservation Program has shown inhabitants that Environmental Protection can help them triumph tool well of come to the end of this edition of it we hope you enjoyed it as much as we enjoyed bringing it to you so we come your way again same time next week for more interesting and fascinating stories from across africa and europe thank you for watching you can get in touch with us on our social media platforms dresses that were seeing the final credits on til next week its goodbye from the beautiful city lagos nigeria. The book. The book. Im going to. Play. It safe from down to the twenty year career of the clock slave over a million records sold worldwide look grab me the book this is gently. Minutes longer than expected. Thirty minutes w. More of. Your smart t. V. The smarter the d. W. P. Or smaller to. What you watch what you want to hope to do the extraordinary into the song blood song. Sunday morning that dot com smart t. V. Entered the conflict zone confronting the powerful the files f. B. I. Director james comey was always pretty well known but when donald trump five him last year it begins for for good measure thanks this week hes my guest here in by the way hes promoting a book even as he faces new child abuse of insubordination so whats the truth of this conflict zone confronting the powerful on t. W. X. Crimes against humanity. Civilians become witnesses. That are recorded inches travel around the globe via social media. But what is for the family fiction and what is fact digital investigators comb through the flood of images they combine sources to try to reconstruct what happened and substantiate claims of crimes first thanks to this video recording the sergeant who shot the young man is on trial now for forensics between bits and parts. I. Believe. Anything getting. To be chance because justice is about the truth. Truth detectives starts june thirtieth on g. W. Players playing. This is the news coming to you live from berlin. Triumphant in turkey selection and. Pounds up to decisive victories in sundays president ial and parliamentary vote but the main opposition candidate says the country is cutting its links to democracy and heading towards a one man regime