Most of the second millennium eighteenth centrum europe is divided into a patchwork of states. It takes centuries for its people to start to see themselves as german. Who authored a watches de history. Questions about a thousand years of german history. Play. Good german still long to unified in one state also from bismarck will now set about changing not not with parliaments baka as he says with. And. It an empire imposed from above unity at the price of freedom. The air. Its not a question he asked himself Ferdinand Cohen blynde is a twenty two year old student from southern germany and hes in berlin for one reason only. He wants to prevent the impending war in which there are germans on both sides a war between brothers my. The enthusiast dick patriot feels that those responsible for the threat of civil war are traitors to germany. In order to maintain peace cohen bill and sees only one solution he asked to remove the man who most germans see as the driving force behind the looming conflict. And that is the prussian Prime Minister otto fon bismarck. Hes fighting for the power of the crown of a parliament and democracy in prussia he is considered a reactionary of the first order. To the outside world he wants to unite the many german states under oppression rule not just out of a National Feeling of germany has but as many believe out of oppression thrust but power. Is moscow the major questions in history also with bennetts not with words. That now turns against him. Bismarck study in free to a school near hamburg the memory of the attempted assassination still hangs in the air here. One of the items in bismarck and state was the perpetrators pistol. Its a firearm that could have changed the course of history. As the downed bullet holes revealed bismarck was hit several times but is the clothing that day dampened the impact and the guns firepower was too weak. This not only suffered bruising what would have happened if the assassination attempt had succeeded. Database that bismarck fallen victim to an assassination in eight hundred sixty six and there definitely wouldnt have been war in the way there was nobody in germany wanted the inner german war. But this not done so he kept the weapon of his attacker who committed suicide in prison till the day he died he sees his salvation as a divine nod to launch the decisive battle for germany now germany at this time is made up of more than thirty independent states that have come together in the German Confederation the major powers austria and prussia i have to say but when prussia seeks to seize control of the duchess of schleswig and host on against austrias wishes the argument becomes a test of strength who has to say in germany austria ah prussia. The decision is made in the free city of friends that. The city where german and pres were once elected is now the seat of the German Confederation whose purpose is to secure peace among the german states and provide shared ex tunnel security. Not far from the cathedral in the turin and taxes palace the confederate diet the confederations Decision Making body meets a month after the assassination attempt the motion on the agenda is austrias request to mobilize against prussia on the grounds that the occupation of the dutch is that she says make and host on is illegal. All eyes turn to him depression delegate call a fleet a fun savvy know what instructions has he received from bismarck the delegate from austria is chairing my meeting so i flipped his vote in the name of his majesty the emperor of austria i vote yes to the motion in forty and i was the delegate from prussia has the floor to questions thats what. I am not individual voice in the name of the pression government i vehemently protest against this vote which is undoubtedly in the violation of confederate long haul theres been a state stuff state. That doesnt look at me and we register this protest next i call upon the delegate from the kingdom of bavaria to speak in the name of my government i support the motion of the imperial austrian government. Is isolated the princes dont want a German Confederation dominated by prussia birds im in favor with nine votes to six the austrian motion to mobilize the army of the German Confederation against prussia is accepted in arms i am i used in the name of his majesty the king of prussia i inform you that precious sees this vote as a declaration of war it is obstinate on ice coffee second feel there are shouts of outrageous from the who. Want signs and secondly before prussia this vote a knows the confederation treaty. Steve. Youre. Right up to speed on my kings orders i declare my participation in this assembly to be over. To take since the German Confederation ended in eight hundred sixty six sixty seven because the states did precisely what it was intended to prevent namely wage war against each other. But the majority of the states were on the austrian side and prussia was seen as the bad guy who was violating this German Confederation. Its so they join forces against prussia to wage give. The war starts just one day after the vote in frankfurt and its decided at the beginning of july a county gets in the modern day Czech Republic but in those days in austria and bohemia. Bismarck has put his hopes in this man the pression chief of staff hellmuth fun mode his plan is for the prussians forces to move separately but strung together. He has divided the prussians forces into three almas they make faster progress separately but they can only win as one the third army falls behind only if it arrives in time for the battle can melt because plan succeed. My. The third Army Approaches as fast as it can. It reaches the battlefield at around noon just in time. The austrian northern flank is overrun. The as. I and. The austrians and their allies have no choice if they want to avoid being surrounded they have to hold the prussians with a counterattack wow i am the attack launched by the austrian reserves is a turning point in the battle of the prussians can now play their trump card the prussians needle gun the first breach loading far on to function properly the ammunition is loaded at the back rather than. Being pushed down the muzzle when the trigger is pulled a firing pin pierces the cartridge and ignites the charge that propels the bullet forwards. And. It gives the prussians a deadly advantage over the austrians lost still wrong with muzzle loaders. Depressions can reload more quickly and also while lying down the soldiers can remain in cover. The end of the austrian counterattack collapses in a rapid fire from the passion needle guns thousands die in around half an hour their deaths decide the battle. The austrian ana and its allies only narrowly escaped complete destruction by the end of the day around fifteen thousand austrians are either dead or missing the prussians only lose around two thousand men. For their wounded on both sides the war is over but not deaf ear of death the red cross has only been in existence to two years it tries to deal with the suffering on the battlefield as best it can and. The battle of clinic that stiff sides the war. Austria is defeated the government in indiana has no choice it sends a peace offer to the prussians headquarters at nicoles book palace Austria Office prussia immediate peace and a free hand in the German Confederation the only condition is that austria will cede no territory whatsoever. Bismarck is prepared to accept that but is king there how fast of prussia is a. Force which i mean the Prussian Army is winning do you expect me to have them stop them before they reach beyond. Put into one viens on how can i say. Weve achieved our goal your majesty every further day comes with the danger that austria receives help we must make peace now hes seen nonsense we must be able to say and prussia that we heard austria and that we punished it like taking some of its possessions from at least some of austria must be ours being there are several options for example a piece of austria he could become a german but he made so mushroom kuntar entitled was did i use george goods are quite impossible your majesty austrians alishas impossible his time already via your majesty impossible impossible. Ill tell you whats impossible just by your attitude as you. Processed policies are still make by the king. From could human. So you may go. On scieszka dr wilhelm simply thought if we win a war we must make territorial gains we must experience a tangible triumph bismarck thought far beyond that we wanted to go gentle on austria so they would have a partner in the future and comfort all. This not react to the kings resistance with fury he remembers it even decades later. He finally gives them on i could choice if their home chooses to reject me and his office he will resign. Only now does the king give in austria keeps its territory and quickly makes peace with the victor and prussia has achieved its goal the battle for dominance in germany has been decided the way bismarck intended. Rejection of an after the decision of eight hundred sixty six made it clear that germany and austria would go their separate ways if contemporaries saw this as grotesque austria had been part of germany for centuries but now the decision was made to form the german empire without austria from eight hundred sixty six onwards austrias and germanys pass would separate and. And it was all tell fun bismarck who separated them the victory of austria gives the villain the last laugh his passion fatherland feels his victory is worth a monument the victory column and berlin. To this day its the central symbol of bismarcks unification of germany a bronze relief at its base depicts the battle of kony cadets in the middle the gilded barrels of captured enemy cannon. And at the top a goddess of victory wearing the persian eco helmet a symbol of triumph set in stone victorious prussia now rules in germany one austria itself survives prussia simply an excess states such as the kingdom of an event that supported vienna joining forces with others to form the north German Confederation but a townie extends to the river mind because of a french veto southern germany remains independent for a price for our greed and bronze was against german unification for purely power political reasons it was a primary power on the continent and felt it would be dangerous to a lot of prussia which was. Rising rapidly to triumph again in the us and last motley of view today and the french side wanted to keep the german side and russia in particular in check. In french knife and poison for i mean. It isnt just france that wants to keep pressure on to control many people in southern germany especially in the varia and the earth and that want to maintain that old independence and thats especially true for the rule is its only a nudge from the outside that gets things going again. It stands in seek matting and in swabian this is the home of the princes of hohenzollern a branch of the persian royal hounds. In eight hundred seventy the spanish off of the princes eldest son polled the spanish crown nail poet hesitates but then accents but not entirely of his own volition as letters from bismarck and zeke manning and the state archives prove. Lippold only agrees under pressure from bismarck bismarck knows that the french and print a poet in the third is against a member of the house of poland sala on the spanish throne because he fears any further increase in Balance Power but bismarck thinks a conflict with france is almost unavoidable if he wants to unify germanys north and south this not use his name appalled to deliberately provoke the french is going on the question is this is the solution of eight hundred sixty six permanent always at a stop gap on the way to a german empire in bismarcks view and its probably irrefutable war with france is inevitable if he wants to achieve this often creaking from. The news of live holds acquiescence along as the French Foreign minister the duke did come home a hohenzollern prince on the spanish friends. Is irreconcilable with frances power and the prestige of its ruler Emperor Napoleon the third. My own majesty. So its true leopold has been bishan zte to be killed much later could interfere. See and. Silently if russia has another triumph the french wont be demanding bismarcks had any more theyll want to yours. But what you suggest theyre part of the prussian king must publicly and permanently result leopolds candidacy zorg me. And his own making wont simply accept such a humiliation to and fuck him in. Every world and otherwise well force him to. The man whos going to be forced is currently in bad ends to take the waters its here that the king will help he has about the french protest and that is mediator with his consent they are polled with towards his candidacy france has one conflict seems to have been avoided thats a mistake blair polled withdrawal isnt enough for the french emperor he wants to see prussia humiliated. As his family but its a dispatch from the king and we cannot delay. It seems the french ambassador benedetti visited him personally in body and just this morning he did but theres. Players take the kings message to bismarck says that benedetti has demanded a public guarantee that no one from the house of one solid wood ascend the spanish throne it was a huge affront could he said ok shouldnt have spoken to him leopold with and that was enough that if that doesnt cost the king has clearly realized his mistake he sent his secretary to clarify that hes not able or willing to do more. Resign him or use his majesty informs you that live gold withdrawal has been confirmed to him from seek mowing and and he has nothing further to convey to the ambassador of the time. Thus not says i wait everythings not lost yet. The event and he will shorten the message a little voila. The nationals he will cut the bit about sigma ring in order and just say. The king has nothing further to convey to the ambassador its time period. Axel and not gives it quite a different turn. As if the king has slammed the door in his face a situation like it. Has been is that if i pass this on to the papers paris will hear about it before midnight lets wait and see how france reacts this month plan a successful napoleon takes the publication of the socalled emmys telegram as a slap in the face the man who wanted to humiliate prussia has now being humiliated himself he acts just as bismarck expects fronts declares war on prussia upalong is senegal his hold on france is weakening and he cant afford a defeat bismarck knows that he cant just say well let it go on a major power like france has to respond and call smushed and so france and prussia those on the offensive and they clash and ziva func ice of the offensive applies to both sides are to blame for the conflict but bismarck has a crucial advantage because france was the one to declare war it is seen as the aggressor. In munich and all over southern germany even prussias rivals now want to join the north German Confederation against france. The public mood leaves southern germany as rulers no choice no take the second the king of the various also orders the mobilization of his army against phones. In bavaria and all across germany the people willingly heed the call to arms craftsman teachers workers fallen laborers even teenagers the youngest volunteer is just fifteen and comes from the very end. The war against france unites the germans. Once again mild surprise is the enemy by rapidly deploying his forces. Part of the french troops is cut off. The city of Metz Napoleon the third rushes from shot along to metz to liberate the city the two sides meet in battle in a sit down. Of the podiums forces are in a bad state difficult to march is indecisive leadership and logistical problems have sapped them are all. Pm for agron says soldiers a day of rest on the first of september it was a fatal error. It gives the German Forces time to surround the french troops. At a. Deck caught in a mouse trap says most. This time the field marshal doesnt just bank on his rifles instead he turns to his artillery his plan is to use heavy artillery from the crop factor is to decide the su. In that improvised positions the french are at the mercy of german fire power they have almost no protection. Three volleys pam in it up to eight hundred on just this day the french army falls apart on to the bar off from the german artillery. Regiments battalions and Even Companies disintegrate. The battle of say dunn is later romanticized as a German National legend. Napoleon the third admits defeat in the afternoon of the first of september he has a white flag hoisted above one of the forts gates. The shock the battle of sedan is an incredible military success basically the french empire has been defeated on the battlefield media dish puts it on another level it is also a very emotional uplifting feeling for the majority of germans on this day at sedan the power that stood in the way of the germans for so long was defeated the fact your team so she was even follows the doj maybe if. Napoleon and a hundred thousand french soldiers are captured the deposed emperor of the french dies in exile in england three years later in paris news of the defeat sparks of rebellion the empire has collapsed. But the war still goes on the french capital is besieged by german troops and is bombarded with heavy artillery this was to lead to deep rifts between the french and the germans for decades to come. The siege of paris is directed from nearby their sinai the prefecture in the center of town becomes the royal prussian headquarters. It is also from here that the next steps for german unity opera pen and the ellis not intends to use the national euphoria after the victory had said down to motivate the south german states to join the north German Confederation voluntarily but theres resistance. To overcome this busy. Mark writes a letter to the bavarian king looked like the second he knows the monarch books that the idea of making his kingdom part of a unified germany which is what the majority of his subjects and his own government want. But he knows the kings weaknesses and plans to exploit them. No dicks fairytale palaces who will pay for them the answer is bismarck with a huge secret donation of romantic fantasies in exchange for power. In return the bavarian king writes a letter that is mark has drafted in the name of all the german princes he offers vilhelm king of prussia the title of german emperor the end with ludwigs letter in his hand bismarck has almost reached his goal the proclamation of the helm as german emperor is to launch the unified german empire. And german unification has been achieved and we have an emperor on deck ties are off. But theres still one man whom he has to convince. All. Rusting what does look like think of my ancestors were satisfied with king of prussia. Your majesty surely doesnt wish to remain a mere cypher in the new german empire to be just a sort of chairman. Then shes back if i declare myself willing to become empress i wish to have the title and author of germany definitely not german and comes from star trek i said. I am i use your majesty the princes will never accept an emperor of germany as they would fear that your majesty might want to rule alone without them she. Searched in what am i just to be a figurehead the title of german emperor is unacceptable dr carson. Is in the top. Bismarck let him out and bismarck was always of the opinion that you have to use gentle formulations to push through tough policies it wasnt about the title german emperor there were german is an adjective in this sense that emperor of germany would mean im the boss of germany i give the orders and that was a different thing entirely fossil he wouldnt have got the south german princes on board as they still had power of their own and he said to us of a snitch thats a become. The palace of the french kings in their side a seventeenth century barrack masterpiece built to glorify the sun king lead the fourteenth during the siege of paris it is used by the germans. Wounded soldiers on the last in the famous hall of mirrors. But on this day they have to move out. In the land of that enemy the germans want to create what the french and the british have long achieved a unified nation. Wants peace to live whats the situation what does the king think now. If he still wants to be unprovoked germany has nothing else its whats next doesnt he grasp. Our situation were balancing on a knifes edge emperor of germany is impossible he must see that. Even shortly before the proclamation the question of the title still hasnt been solved will the pression king be proclaimed german emperor as bismarck and the princes would like or empress of germany as the bill helm is demanding. It all comes down to him frederick the first grand duke of bob he is to proclaim the new emperor. A slave is aligned with his majesty cries of ill. Fredericks shrewd phrasing avoids a rumpus in the end theyll helm geds into bismarck and the princes he becomes the dont check or german and press the end. The end the moneths resentment is an a temporary he refuses to shake bismarcks hand off to the proclamation but just two months later bestows on him the title of friends the air france capitulate shortly afterwards bismarck has achieved his goal of oppression german nation state germany is unified. Must be smug bismarcks empire and eight hundred seventy one is seen and experienced by almost all germans as the culmination of german history for decades it offers what the majority of germans most want National Unity and imperial splendor the arms and size of the new german empire now also include southern germany and the former french territories of as us and you know again for its founder bismarck the empire is complete it doesnt need more territory from now on he wants to secure what has been achieved and preserve peace his return to balinese triumphal and eyewitness rights what makes anyone deserving of such divine grace as to be allowed to witness such great and powerful things when the victorious on the enters the city through the Brandenburg Gate on the sixteenth of june eight hundred seventy one is jubilant. The new empath fulfills many of the german peoples desires splenda unity and a degree of Co Determination their high stock a German Parliament representing the entire country is elected in eight hundred seventy one only and over the age of twenty five are allowed to vote at this point politics is still purely for men. The new rice stock for which this building was later constructed decides on the rules and the budget but its not parliament that appoints the head of government the chancellor but the empress its a constitution quite in the spirit of its author. Which this knowledge gave the germans a bit of democracy in that adult man could vote for that i stuck by that went even further than the model liberal monarchy such as Great Britain and belgium wish to when i she was battalion but the germans didnt get an Accountable Government they give all that he did or action in kaiser highish missed. The founding of the empire triggers a rapid economic boom known as the good under yada the start up years we might say the berlin of the mob graves and kings becomes a modern city the population of the new german capital doubles by nine hundred twelve from a million to more than two Million People that makes berlin the fourth largest city in the world after london new york and paris. To enter the city becomes the symbol of germanys leap into modernity anything in the way of progress is removed. The engine behind this huge change in the whole country is the first german economic miracle in the first four decades after the empire was founded. Jennas Gross Domestic Product triples the Industrial Revolution in germany is sprinting ahead by eighty ninety more germans are working in industry than africa for the first time. This economic shift also has a political impact a new selfconfident last grows in the tenement blocks of berlin and other cities organized labor. Its here that a new Political Force recruits its core voters the social democrats dont just represent the social interests of the workers but also a new idea of the state they believe monarchy and aristocracy other relics of bygone days the future belongs to the workers bismarck considers these ideas high treason and subversion he believes social democrats are all demagogues. Open up in the name of the. Bismarck passes his anti socialist laws to outlaw the party their meetings and newspapers are now illegal anyone who goes against these laws is threatened with fines and prison. Take the social democrats away betty betty. Oh. You wont be seeing him any time soon but its not just social democrats who are facing persecution of the Catholic Church also comes under fire were not going to can also says bismarck a reference to the submission of an earlier empress to the pope be smart but i know plenty bismarcks politics looks for enemies within the empire and thats one of its darkest on city he didnt just have his sights on the Workers Movement but also on catholics and increasingly on National Minorities within russia and then on the poles poised to pull. Bismarck plays a game of carrot and stick introducing health care accident and Pension Insurance in quick succession these are milestones on the way to a welfare state but they dont fulfill their intended purpose which is to deprive the social democrats of death following. Despite the ban on the party itself individual social democrats are allowed to vote and be elected in one thousand nine hundred one they get six percent of the votes at the high stock elections by eight hundred ninety the figure has risen to twenty percent. Bismarcks opponents have a majority in the new high stock domestically the chancellor is finished. Or his power now depends on one mans continuing good health. Undervalue the first he has been prussian Prime Minister for twenty six years and chance left for seventeen years bismarcks power is based on bill helms faith in him under the constitution only the kaiser can find him. It wasnt all. Is use even and for under your eyes. Your majesty was often harder to convince than the austrians and even the french guards differentials you now have to be at my grandsons side he has the mental capacity but little experience of being shot. He is the man who will lead the dentist into the future princeville helm and he has very vicious plans princeville helms own father the crown prince is already terminally ill and will only survive the dying emperor by a few months within a year the ninety year old is succeeded by a twenty nine year old the l. Down the second is unwilling to be an empress and bismarck ill give the old man six months then all rule myself the arrogantly declare as. The f. B. I. Opening of the heist tog by the new cousin the painter places bismarck in the center one more time but he stands alone isolated the majority in parliament is against him and feel how would prefer to rule alone. In march one thousand nine hundred does not his given his marching orders he never forgives the new cousin for excluding him from power despite only honest vilhelm lavish is on him. A hypocrite. Youll ruin everything. So his government ends as it began fighting with the empire what remains of the empire is found today. Bismarcks believe that life bismarcks image remains ambivalent the unify the germans but he also divided them in eight hundred seventy one he led them to the most glorious day in their history but he quickly followed his successful Foreign Policy with dubious domestic policies look even alston put it he could have half of the input it for us in the end after his dismissal bismarck withdraws to his Country Estate at flee to a school near hamburg he were left there for eight more years his departures seen as an end of an era even outside generally. The air cartoon in the british satirical magazine punch dropping the pine at. Its foul while to the man who created unity out of opposing forces. This mark was a conservative who created the modern german nation state he achieved outward unification but held internal unity back his successors would gamble away the very end pi he had the right. He left germany to live from saddams son. But now i want to go back. Several german i ascribed to being held in kurdish detention camps they say they dont nothing about elijah. But how kind of a log and shit germany would love a ton of. Global three thousand and thirty minutes on t. W. Time for an upgrade. How about furniture that grows all by. A house with no roof. Or design highlights you can make yourself. Trends tips and tricks that will turn your home just for a special. Upgrade yourself with d ws interior design channel on you tube. Costume change displays and desperate the tragic stories of refugees. Scening is the first step to understanding. World refugee day. This is news coming to. Talk money and migration as she faces down a mutiny of french president and the german chancellor agree on the need for a eurozone budget but will the rest of the e. U. Answer their calls for a europe wide solution on migration or job is. Also coming up