Takes an issue with the Technological Advancement is rabbit ocean or death so rapid its almost impossible to keep up in the space of a lifetime. We have discovered for thousands of new sites from a range of different periods. Via the data or allows us to shop in the focus of our inquiry and pinpoint exactly where to perform the date. Ive. Ive. Ive. In archaeology state of the Art Technology sometimes assumes the guise of an antiquated hand caught up. While archaeologists route boys in and rose and shot set up their equipment on a meadow they colleagues nearby a preparing a device that does look more high tech. The geomagnetic apparatus is so heavy it has to be towed by a vehicle both devices do the same thing only this one is larger and can survive a wider area. A group of german and irish archaeologists have met up at the old church at screen a fifteenth century site state in mysticism but the church ruin is almost young compared to the anxious monuments the top the surrounding area. Northwest of dublin the hill of screen is located opposite islands cultural treasure the hill of tara a millennia old place of assembly. The region is also home to giant metal a thick tombs unique monuments built around three thousand b. C. By people who left nothing behind but their graves. A d. Itll reconstruction lends an impression of the graves interior is many built in alignment with astronomical events. The archaeologists dragged the senses across the meadow to determine what lies beneath the surface. Is finished on this device is to me wide and equipped with five sensors so you can cover two to three actors a day with a device like this so its a fast way of collecting and evaluating archaeological data. And equipped with sixteen senses their colleagues magnetometer is even more effective in gathering archaeological evidence that humans were going to get off so we need to be careful here because if we swap the cables then the sensors will transmit the wrong positions. Thats why we do a final channel to see that everythings working so the push on course for this one so that the team is scouting for traces of ancient life underground without the intervention of a shovel its a noninvasive technique called prospects and. It should have been me its now hooking up the geomagnetic device to the computer. For computers the task of recording all the measurement data and showing us where we have to prospect even when we are driving across the terrain in victoria over to. The sixteen cents a device is used to take geomagnetic measurements of the ground. Move. Everybody brings but required a figure for the landscape harbors a history that began thousands of years ago and the archaeologist Job Description calls for knowledge not just of history but technology too and today it helps if they dont mind being followed by curious horses we dont know exactly where the church was founded and we also want to know a little more about the history prior to the earliest documentary sources because we have some reference to say from the the eighth century in the tenth century referring to the screen being a place of burial. Because courts macross and showers are exact position. With the help of g. P. S. Data the archaeologists can steer their vehicle across the meadow with the precision they need to generate a comprehensive ground image. The senses dragging behind their vehicle measure the earths Magnetic Field which lies underground like an invisible veil the presence of walsall grades alters the pattern of magnetism in the soil. And that is exactly what the senses can measure the computer registers these disturbances to reveal a long forgotten structure a shadow of the past. Seventeen hundred kilometers further east in berlin work is underway on a different type of digital archaeology in game developer Thomas Brennan studio for Virtual Reality. It looks like a game but it isnt. The game designers are working with berlin archaeologists call maya hit technology mates ancient history their cooperation has yielded some surprising discoveries for example the hittites had not unusual reading technique. These are here for this one from left to right this one from right to left this one from left to right this again from right to left then back again yeah like in wavy lines thats awesome. As its a missin that archaeologists are anchored in past centuries and that applies to their methodology to. The ashes of the Rapid Development of Computer Technology in general but also a virtue archaeology is still something we need to get our heads around. On come on and when i tell people im working with a game designer they just shut down because Gaming Technology sounds so frivolous but in fact this work is just the opposite views on what this is a goddess with is wrong with. This looks like a video game but in fact its a highly accurate copy of a real temple its the temple of the weather got from aleppo one of the most important day it is in the ancient middle east the oldest parts of the temple date from the Third Millennium b. C. With Visualization Software the operator can make the sun rise and set allowing for a view of the complex in changing daylight the viewer gets a sense of space size and proportion. Providing this time its with the we are not really standing in this temple we can judge and see things very differently than we could on a normal computer monitor as well as a religion computer morning and. Just the fact that i can stand here and for example squat down and actually get a three dimensional view of the object is not something i can do on a normal computer monitor at all. Aleppo in syria the temple was located in the heart of the city in the Medieval City jail from twenty twelve rebels holed up inside use the citadel to fire on Government Troops the result five thousand years of history turned to dust in a brutal civil war in early twenty eleven the temple was still intact coal miners team from the lynn was on site to scan the complex security in the country still seemed so stable that the professor didnt just bring along his students he also took his young daughter on the trip. Below or million youll see another representation of the weather god mounting his chariot here hes presented his combat ready. Whats this thats the symbol for god and thats a makes. Initially it was so only research but the dasher acquired new significance through the ravages of the syrian civil war. Dont have we have had sixtys and. We had an unimaginably large amount of data but when the civil war erupted and we couldnt get there anymore we were left wondering what do we do now if. Its ordered its sounds almost cynical now but we were in an ideal position was we were the only team of near eastern archaeologists to have scanned everything in three d. Says it was a ton of good fortune in the mists of terrible misfortune that dont look. The temple was badly damaged in the war but at least its memory has been digitally preserved. The scanned data is so precise the inscriptions are even more legible in Virtual Reality than they were in real life. Thats because in on top when i learned to dig i had a piece of paper and a pencil that was all political and today we can use a scanner that is much more accurate than any reproduction on a sheet of paper list of of course that also gives rise to new fields of inquiry into can see how the holy father still has its clout. The generation of exact copies is a field that also interests maritime archaeologists all over the world measuring and marking shipwrecks underwater is one of their most demanding and arduous tasks and the conditions are not always as good as they are here in the baltic sea off the German Island of fruit can. Only exceptional shipwrecks a salvaged and restored like the fourteenth century braman kong one of the Worlds Largest ship finds. It took eighteen years of expensive conservation work to restore it to its full glory to learn more about this merchant ship from thirty nine thousand archaeologists created a digital model of the called. Zone a ship sponsored zone as was the construction of a ship like this is quite specialising everything in the vessel is interconnected if you move one part by just two centimeters and it distorts the entire shape of the ship so the computer gives you an overview. Youre not dealing with a twenty three metre long ship you dont have to search the entire vessel for the place responsible for a deformity instead you can clearly see how every step you take impacts the entire structure and check whether a given step is change the overall shape. The technology allowed researches for example to find out how the coke was silent without ever having to lower it into water. There is a shipwreck off reuben that is not worth recovering but it is nevertheless of interest to an here ologists. Just as on the wall special about this find is that it dates from the middle or perhaps even the early sixteenth century a period from which very few ships have been found and there is evidence that the word may have come from hamburg the bizarre you heard saw some books dumbs or and. Even today certain details of the ship can be more clearly rendered if they are copied underwater by hand. But the main job is done by a special camera it takes hundreds of images that are then used to generate a three d. Computer model of the shipwreck while the wood has been perfectly preserved in the nutrient pool water of the baltic the current has a road at the rate down to its floor. David stop by is thats the great thing about it is you never see the wreck like theres on a diet because visibility is poor. You can create a model like theres even if you have a visibility of just thirty centimeters. You just have to take enough photos so they overlap and then youre looking at something no one has ever seen in that shape or form. For example the frigates ballast stones that still lie along the ship floor without them the vessel couldnt have carried its cargo of heavy cannons. One of the most spectacular exhibits in the collection of burnin snoozy and the slimy art goes largely unnoticed by visitors for the Digital World is coming to its rescue can i call myers latest project is the richly carved wood done that was originally house in the next red palaces of the world famous alhambra in grenada spain in berlin the dome is forced to lead a wallflower existence for conservation reasons. Because here in the dome is very poorly illuminated here in berlin and visitors can appreciate the way they could amid the light conditions in the alhambra for them so our aim is to recreate those lighting conditions virtually to allow visitors both here in the Berlin Museum and visitors to the our harbor and experience of the dome in its original context. Invasion context before. In eighty ninety one the banker arthur funk when i was granted permission by the spanish authorities to move the dome to germany he had acquired a small palace on the alhambra from a spanish opera singer and later bequeath it to the Spanish State but he decided to keep the dont for himself for a time it decorated his villa in berlin before he donated it to the museum in. The dome was originally painted and gilded its crafted from cedar and popular wood and consists of dozens of parts. A star ornament of heavenly beauty. One of the worlds most important prehistoric landscapes is located in a bend of the highlands river boring northwest of dublin. The passage graves of new grange down enough with designated a unesco World Heritage site in one thousand nine hundred three the central neolithic mt of now has a sit com france the two hundred seventy five meters and is surrounded by twenty smaller tombs. The significance of numerous engraved stones remains a mystery many stories and legends are associated with the enormous mounds they are said to be the birthplace of heroes the hidden dwellings of elves and kings. The mount graves of newgrange doubt the now are all the catered within sight of each other. Its long been Standard Practice in archaeology to use drones to get an overview of the landscape the drones gather data to build digital terrain models on the computer sites with churches dating from the middle ages often have an older heritage invisible underground. Then they split the good idea of all rulers seeking to exert political military or religious control over a territory but occupy any place that carried a particular significance so we use these old sites as a starting point because its easy to imagine that with christian eyes asian these ancient sites were chosen as places to build churches. And in fact when it comes time to evaluate the data from the g. M. Magnetic survey the archaeologists discover round structures that appear to predate the small metal little village. Lights and they may be traces of circular graves in. Closing burial mounds or they could be round house but in a distribution these objects make no reference to this ditch complex so one can assume that they date from another period so i pay you with. Discovering hidden relics without taking draws on technology that originated in military applications. To your physical or from the certainty of physical methods up based on measuring differences in the earths Magnetic Field to the Technology Comes from hunting submarines which could be located underwater because they created disturbances in the field. But this is a method that we now use in a modified form in archaeology or look you can whats an. Axle pose youzhny is surrounded by traces of the past his work focuses on the mountain plateau of glauber need frankfurt it was first settled thousands of years ago the celts in particular left their mark on the area today it is known that the plateau was surrounded by a magnificent wall it did not serve as a fortification but the slope was steep enough rather it was designed to signal the power and splendor of the celtic princes the french young began here in the socalled near litigation with the emergence of the first farmers and Cattle Breeders in the region of the better of the first settlement up here the missiles back culture had no ramparts development continued into the late bronze age and by the early are an age around five hundred b. C. E. Its it was settled by the first people we could classify as celts and they were also the first to fortify this plateau for professed on. An in conspicuous aerial photo taken in one thousand nine hundred eight open the door to one of the most spectacular discoveries in archaeology in germany archaeologists have been using Aerial Photography for decades to. Dent of five structures in the ground but this method only yields results following long periods of drought. In our lot in the field here you can see a darker structure relatively clearly in the great order which indicates that the grain is being supplied with more moisture in this particular place but ordered it so it can be assumed that there is a ditch there that retains the moisture better as a whole can count. The grave of a celtic prince was discovered deep in the field at the foot of the glasberg the corresponding burial mound had been plowed away long ago the huge hill has since been reconstructed and a museum installed behind the hill. Hole. A life size sandstone figure was found near the grave. The figure was in doubt with decorative chains and rings it was lying in a ditch together with fragments from other statues the celtic prince is crowned by a strange head piece. A golden chain was found in the princes grave the stone figure was depicted wearing exactly the same chain. Its likely that the stone were a prince of cloud bed is the exact likeness of a person who lived more than two and a half thousand years ago. The body in the tomb was found with the same strange headpiece as the one crowning the stone figure. In subsequent years ariel archaeology has made further strides. We are made into classes and in addition to classical aerial archaeology now carried out digitally we also have other computer assisted methods of nondestructive testing to obtain information about archaeological remains. The most important of these methods is the lie down scan the scanner disputed to an airplane and surveys the landscape below light as scanning was originally used by surveyors for archaeologists the data has proved a quantum leap in knowledge even if light outer rain models look somewhat on spectacular at first glance. What makes the lidar scan so invaluable is the methods ability to remove the noise of trees and vegetation from the data. Driven off the off the Ground Penetrating radar shoots electromagnetic pulses into the earth from airplanes and sometimes helicopters. These signals are reflected back by any underground structures and the difference in the laser return times makes it possible to create a three d. Image of the terrain it works in the forest as well because enough laser like can penetrate through the trees so that we achieve a relatively exact surface image even in the forest coming on this image of you can follow the course of the roman lemus the border between the roman empire and none occupied regions would dance this here may have been a watch tower for it. And here and here in the forest the remnants of a field of burial mounds this one here could theoretically be a burial mound that was opened in the past my guess would be sometime in the eighteenth century. At the time people typically entered from the top we call it funneling so they dug a funnel into the mound to extract burial objects or skeletons and what remained where these small holes at the top of the mount these faint traces indicate that what happened here and also was on axel post lucian he discovered a large burial mound very close to the grave of the celtic prince a tiny dot on the scanner image not visible as a great image the thicket of the forest. Multiple layers of our past lie beneath the ground we walk on we just cant see it. Digital archaeology makes the invisible visible. In ireland to the number of discovered monuments has increased one hundred fold with the use of modern prospecting methods one particularly spectacular example is the hill of tara the mysterious National Treasure it was the seat of irish kings and pagan priests at the height of their power. For the hell of tara exudes an air of magic an island. Back in the Nineteenth Century parish men would gather here and swear a holyoke not to rest until the land had won its independence. And there was a reason they did it here. Today self proclaimed druids inhabit the area at night you can hear them playing their harps christians built a church year. Ruth boys in rows and shot systematically stride the length and breadth of the meadow on the expansive plateau with them magnetometer. Here in tower its a safe bet theyll find Something Interesting and they do all the digital data shows numerous circles below the surface grave mounds or maybe sites of assembly. When we first started investigating tile there were about twenty five minute snow on these miners that are visible but through Geophysical Survey we know theres more than one hundred monuments a lot of which accounts the above ground are buried beneath the surface. Old maps can give clues to vanish structures. The people of tara lived thousands of years before the invention of writing they recorded a history in the ground and crafted sacred landscapes that only need to be deciphered. A deep channel on the plateau was probably once the processional route its clearly visible on the line down scanned it leads directly to the in a century the retina really a large ring more complex in fact its a professional way and believe this is the route that the king elect would take on his way up to the summit of the hill of tara to be inaugurated to the left and right of the processional route ramparts was built to direct the marchers gaze taking on humans. Interestingly there are a number of gaps along the length of the banks in which you can get a view out on very significant monuments and in particular borough monuments. So it seems prehistoric builders knew all about visual effects. But they also threw in from the source what i personally find particularly appealing is that up here youre afforded a wider view of the landscape surrounding tara. And there are similar monuments on many of these mountains and held talks. Not in the abundance we find on the hill atara that is truly unique but there are also individual monuments which ultimately may have a common point of reference. Often on the salk. The hill of ward is another sign that harbors a mysterious century students from dublin are digging their way into the hill of precisely defined points according to legend halloween of each nation on the hill of ward a pagan festival of fire on the night of october thirty first. And in fact the students do find a large amount of animal bones an indication that people here may have come together for large celebrations with Copious Amounts of food and irish archaeologists Stephen Davis has surveyed the hill but he was unable to find anything with g. M. Magnetics he has a simple explanation. One of the problems using Magnetic Survey here which is what we might use across the rest of it is all this heavy burning that weve seen behind you is all this heavy burning that is very heavily magnetic just because its been burned so the whole thing really lights up and you cant see anything at all so with with resistance in the sky so we can see that this big mound behind us here is actually defined choirs a stone wall which is actually what were taking out now in this case so thats why thats why we docked here we dug a small section into the side of this mound with the stone walled in the sand for. Geo electric surveys measure the soil resistance and create images of structures underground only now can researches identify the various walls and ditches in the complex. Where the rituals really celebrated in large bonfires ignited here overnight on october the thirty first archaeological clues could confirm the theory. Is that they were burning. Ok so the burning took place before whatever half of the year thats fallen down to earth so this extends all the way over here. But a fire festival here now but its hypothesized the fire first so going back almost into the eye and there are many evil references to the creature from various meeting here in lighting a great fire. But those references would be several hundred years off that it would have happened so we we were treated with a certain skepticism but we are finding a lot of evidence of fire so who knows. Aside from graves and ritual sites the people who built these complexes left only one thing behind the bodies of them murdered kings their bodies are on display at the National Museum of ireland in dublin the graves in their dead at the only testimony of early irish people a people who had no written language. Like in tara a processional route can be made out in a digital data from the hill of ward a road that is no longer visible in the meadows. The same was true at the celtic Burial Ground on the glauber back. Here its not just the burial mounds its been reconstructed but also the processional route leading up to the hill it was flanked by deep trenches and originally much longer this is clear from the digital data a geoMagnetic Survey has revealed the roads further course. Today its known that the road was bordered by a high wall which was up to twelve meters wide at the base visitors could only see the great mound after turning the corner researchers believe the hill was even whitewashed like an island the structures here were designed with visuals in mind and astronomically aligned. With us its kind of its not a road that marks a path from a to b. Its aligned with the southern major lunar standstill an astronomical phenomenon that occurs every eighteen point six years so it was possible to be five units of time without a calendar without to watch over a longer period of time from his youngest. The alhambra. In grenada there are a few other sites in europe that draw as many tourists. Every day only five thousand visitors are allowed to enter the castle the tickets are sold out weeks in advance kind of all my feels privileged to work here. Call my and his team have been working for days at the platts your del part on the villa that belonged to a sultan then to an opera singer and then a german banker from berlin it was from here that our tour fund winner removed the decorative dome in one thousand nine hundred one. It was replaced by a poor copy. Of this one its really a great feeling to be able to get a sense of the domes original setting because this not only the aromas the views through the windows all make for an entirely different experience than if youre standing in a museum and looking up in a dimly lit room or good. Every detail of the chamber is carefully documented with a High Performance scanner. Watching the lengths being gone to here one cant help but ask why berlin doesnt just return the dome to its original home the archaeologist call such considerations a historical. People previously gonna believe that the dome was brought to berlin legally theres no question about it that it now has its own story and that story includes that of its previous owner the german banker who acquired it and brought it to germany. If you dont know if he incorporated it into his own villa there and then buy a detour that arrived at the Berlin Museum in this story belongs to the objects provenance it cant be ignored so listen to it because of the feel of. The digital reconstruction reveals the changes long lost splendor the original dime housed in the Berlin Museum has been integrated into this Virtual Reality experience. The dome from this chamber was one of the oldest components of the alhambra probably cost around thirteen twenty. Even if the dome was still in place here the Tower Chamber is too small to accommodate the alhambra as five thousand daily visitors no one would ever get a glimpse of between are. You. Running. In places where the walls are too high for the scanner another method is used photo grama tree a three d. Model is generated using thousands of overlapping photos principio blabbered this is in principle i think its a good idea to upload three d. Images of these objects to the internet because then everyone can access them to gunk for hidden. In ireland scientists are a step ahead many scanned objects have already been posted on the internet. Before the german archaeologists return home they take a few soil samples its an inexpensive substitute for an excavation. The researches are in doubt an area dotted with prehistoric burial mounds in medieval farms a power cable runs underground through a small medieval settlement geomagnetic data helps archaeologists of boyd hitting an electric cable rather than a medieval teach. The big difference today in the ideal scenario i already know a tremendous amount about the site before i start my day and that enables me to plan the dig very precisely generally the areas of excavation a much smaller than they used to be because i simply dont have to search as much as i used to this was. The archaeologists are drilling at a location they suspect harvest and waste it like modern garbage bins their historical previous ss say a lot about the Living Conditions of the people who lived here. The team can tell immediately that their technicians have hit the right spot you know when youre going to do what you can see quite well here is the lowest layer that we still had on the drill head and that there is charcoal in at the end of the. So we already know were in the middle of the occupation layer in a bit of but i cant say im surprised because we already knew from the geomagnetic data that theres a structure here which weve already been able to classify fairly accurately. And if we hadnt found this would be an indication that weve messed up our measurements. But it was accurate. Swap to. Their arms as a few collected a lot of information without once driving our shovel into the soil and what is particularly satisfying is what we found in the core sample namely charcoal. Through radio carbon dating well be able to establish how old is charcoal and which doesnt mean well know how old the ditch is about how we proceed one step at a time and of course when the botanists then examine the charcoal forest will know what type of trees were burned here. Ah. The soil samples undergo further testing in frankfurt this small pieces of charcoal from the historical way spit a treated with the same ten to love and care as any ancient ceramic shot finally the soil is pulsed with x. Rays to break down its chemical components canoed rassmann is hunting for a very specific element. A mensch there fired in a human excretes about one kilogram a fast first per year in cattle its about eighty kilograms. Or if we have a lot of phosphorous its probable that its from the feces of humans and animals. So its an early indicator of the length of time this part was settled yesterday carter was a settlement used for a short time or a longer duration the higher the phosphorus impact the higher the probability that the settlement was used for a long time ago to see if you can pick me along its side a good note for note. With their high tech equipment archaeologists have pinpointed many places where they could dig but they dont because digging destroys traces that hold out the promise of key insights with future as yet undeveloped methods your home you know and if. We shoulder a responsibility here with archaeology is a finite field besides do not grow back and things that have been excavated are lost to research. Unfortunately this is an inherent part of archaeological excavation in the us you look so good its all scams and. Digital archaeology is the future of Historical Research but even today we cant do everything on a computer justina you know were standing here on the landscape and we feel whats unique about it we see the hell of tara we see the topography we get a holistic sense of the place its not possible to reproduce that in a Virtual World Technology Provides us with useful tools but the archaeologists still has to do field work. For sarah willis. Is a. Perfect joy in her journey of musical discovery. This time. My lot in her manner. The cubans dance to music to this song and im here to find out all about it and hopefully improve my dont soon as well. Fifteen minutes vetoed. A kill in the. Grass is a new. One the German Company trains means of high quality meat for. This fast growing renewable resource is challenging attention on the thing in the Paper Industry and its working. In thirty minutes on d w. How do you want to live in a radical way discover the bauhaus code oh hell its world starts january thirteenth on v w. Time for an upgrade. How about furniture that grows all by. Our house with. Your design highlights you can make yourself. Trends tips and tricks that will turn your home page something special. Upgrade yourself with d ws interior design channel on you tube. Several hundred women have marched in how this and other french cities came from violent activists the socalled yellow fest to Test Movement to speak on last year over a most struck still touch and go into a bolder uprising its following living standards
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