East african nations medical professionals are better prepared. Mm. Welcome to the cove at 19 special house they about a virus different from cove at 19 we took to virology, hist, wolfgang prize. And whats the difference between a virus strain and a virus variant . But we start the show in germany where the latest cove at 19 variance are causing a fresh spike in infection rates. And adaptive vaccine targeting, omicron is now available, and one doctor in berlin is being kept very busy here and berlins nie cone district. Patients have come to the doctor to get a booster shot. Since the start of the pandemic, they been flocking to g. P. Simila caught sunshines practice to get tested and vaccinated. In the early days, the Doctors Office was overrun. But now things have calmed down. For susans jo, busy cook, we make a point of reaching out to patients who are vulnerable and also testing to see if someone has a pre existing condition. Um then we offer them pack fluid, elderly patients to them, but its a completely different situation compared to last winter, at least in my practice, and thats in front of our doctor. Constantly dying has vaccinated about 20000 people in her practice. At the moment, the elderly and people with underlying conditions are keen to get boosters and flu shots. But she believes that as winter approaches the situation calls 1st and foremost for the right information. Many of you and her people who are vulnerable need to protect themselves as if i were a mask at work to protect my patients and my staff. If a few men, im not sure if government efforts are working, trust me. Im not sure it helps to re introduce compulsory massive measures and doors every winter. Yeah. Its we double, she isnt, couldnt, doesnt, in one mustnt talking about listen is from this one. It makes sense and the Health Sector in hospitals and doctors and physiotherapy practices. But i dont think the authorities should dictate our every move. So dear again, how does miss relisted . In germanys inner cities, most Public Health and Safety Measures have been dropped. But authorities are mulling a re introduction of restrictions such as mandatory masks indoors. Most people are taking a relaxed approach and more or less stick to the current rules. Gov, i. Loan, mawkish, widow on look worried these days inside on i just keep to the rules, try to protect myself. Its been like vaccinated. Were happy to have the chance that i used to be really worried about going shopping. I its my hist us. But now i feel pretty safe and i trust that people are protecting themselves and sticking to the rules. Oh, did i assume the hired as a coronado . I got some recently before im kind of worried. Were not out of the woods yet. Oh so its been 2 years. This is the 3rd winter i and it seems like we havent learned anything, john. So its of them. If that suited on tom politicians are now discussing re introducing Safety Measures to ensure the Health Care System doesnt get overwhelmed. The number of home patients in icy use is currently stable. But as the 3rd, coven winter approaches, hospital staff are feeling the strain. And theyre struggling with high infection rates. Bound rodney lesson law in the last few weeks. Infection rates have gone up among the general public and among doctors and nurse a life of the will amounts. And this puts additional pressure on the systems of and weve had to reduce the number of available beds because so many are off sick law, both in the short term and the long term long for see us it. Higher energy costs are putting hospitals under further pressure, making it all the more important to avoid another covert wave. This winter. Patience admitted with ami crohn tend to have mild cases and are treated on normal wards. All but Staff Shortages mean that some hospitals are already postponing non emergency surgery. It isnt showing as canada, as we had in norfolk, but people we have to keep up with Emergency Operations and Emergency Care to list on those 2 are on the clock. We have a duty to do so, and we are doing that. We are looking at the old school to either full angle, but were putting off certain procedures going well, so long as its safe to do so. Therefore, the patient lied hansen with todd. The german Health Care System is understaffed, overstretched, and an urgent need of reform. This applies to clinics, as well as Doctors Offices. Sybil concent dinah would like to see some big changes as a matter leaving. Dont make life harder for Health Care Workers than it needs to be. Doesnt lighter, emma not does it come yesterday. Level too much bureaucracy and the system is to hierarchical and oh, you got his issue much. When moved jobs in health can need to be made more attractive life people are going to do them martin job to, to attractive and come up later. Rising infection rates are just one of many challenges facing germanys Health Care System this fall in the northern hemisphere. The 3rd cold winter is approaching. Lets take a look back at how the Global Pandemic im from. The 1st year of the pandemic was about unprecedented changes. St. Emptied more or less over night countries all over the world, closed borders and locked down. Masking up became compulsory. There were no vaccines and because Health Care Professionals had little experience with the disease catching, it was a terrifying proposition. As the 1st vaccines were rolled out at the end of that 1st pandemic year, around 90000000. 00 cases of coven 19 had been reported world lied since then. Over 7 times. That number of people had tested positive for the disease. At experts estimate there been many, many more unconfirmed cases at the peak of the amok on variance surge last january. The highest number of cases in the pandemic. So far over 20000000 people worldwide were testing positive for the disease. Every week. Throughout the pandemic, deaths world wide, unsurprisingly have reflected infection world wide. A series of waves struck the planet, though Different Countries suffer differently at different times. A retrospective reveals at least one detectable pattern. It was as simple and devastating equation when the number of cases rose and fell in a new wave. The number of deaths followed a couple of weeks later. The deadliest wave so far piqued and early 2021, when in one terrible week over a 100000 people died worldwide. But the equation is changed somewhat since the massive on the conway. Currently this year, large numbers of people are still getting sick. But on average, fewer are dying. The changing relationship between case rates and death tolls is at least in part due to another factor. Widespread vaccination. So far over 12 and a half 1000000 doses of vaccines have gone into arms all over the world. Significant percentages of populations in the americas, europe and asia are now fully vaccinated. Though theres still a lot to do in africa. The biggest vaccination drive in history has not all on its own. Been enough to stop the continued spread, coven 19. But coupled with the immunity induced and many people through wide scale exposure, experts say its brought the day when we declared the pandemic at an end, a lot nearer and save tens of millions of lives. Oh, do you have any questions about kind of 19, a science corresponding Derek Williams is always up to date with the latest findings and is here to answer them to send you questions to cove it produce at d, w dot com this week . Yonce is the question, whats the difference between a strain and a variant . Oh, this is one of those questions that i get asked pretty frequently because for the general public, the term strain and variance are often seen as synonyms and, and even some experts seem to sometimes use them interchangeably. So lets start with some background. All viruses evolve over time, which means their genetic code changes during replication. As mutations occur in source, go be to those mutations happen fairly frequently compared to some other viruses. We call these mutated viruses variance because theyre different genetically and, and sometimes also structurally from their ancestors. But, but those changes, and this is important. They dont necessarily cause a very hint to behave in really new ways. When those genetic changes lead to new properties and a virus however, like it begins infecting cells differently, or it becomes much, much more transmissible than thats when many experts began talking about new viral strains instead of variance. So, strains are always variance, but, but variance arent always considered strains. Unfortunately, though, theres this kind of muddy place in the middle, which is that naming viruses strains or variance basically boils down to how differently they behave compared to their ancestors. A subjective judgment, or maybe its easiest to take an example from the macro girl to explain it though, its just a rough approximation. Um lets look for a 2nd at dogs. Different breeds can be really, really different in terms of their size and their shape. And the color of their fur and their temperament. But they all have something that i would like to call intrinsic li doggy. Theyre all variations on a common doggy ness. And if dog breeds were viruses, then we would call them variance of dogs. Now lets compare dogs to their close evolutionary relatives, wolves, a. Here. The behaviors and characteristics really clearly delineate one canine from the other. Oh whoa furnace. And dog units are so different that if they do require us, is we call them different strains. Theyre clearly related. But they not only look different, they behave really differently to, um, its not a perfect matter for maybe, but may be a useful one. Ah, this sudan, if i love iris, has been spreading rapidly in uganda in the last few weeks. There are still no approved vaccines against this particular virus species. But thanks to experience game during the covered 19 pandemic, the process of identifying and isolating cases is now more efficient than in previous outbreaks. Are reported julius mcgonigal, ive visited the village of my duty in where the virus 1st said a grieving father and husband, monaco sim, powell has lost his son and his wife to Ebola Health Workers and closely monitoring his family in a little gone. But right excavated up by the new modem, they said that we must be under surveillance for at least 21. 00 days. While i am, i often check our temperatures. I am a 0 that korean has since passed my job. You know, cuz on the uganda sense that its Health Care System is preparing to complet ebola central uganda mo bendy hospital reported the 1st confirmed case of a bowler at the end of september doctors saying that system set up to fight cove at 19 can also be applying to ebola, we have not had any idea experience in handling such epidemics of this level in the country. So it is also pleasure that time the, the work of the immigration of community exclusively experienced with that kind of experience have been drawn over to this follow. You have seen the response this time of but knows and government much, much faster. When cove at 19 broke out, uganda formed a special task force to advise the government. That Emergency Team has now been redeployed to find a bala. Right. We have the sim instead commander who was, ah, heading are covered, is the one heading a bowler with avi Scientific Advisory committee. Im part of that committee. We have a steering committee. We are not pillar, we have case management. Peter, we have surveillance peeler, we have all these pillars under our emergency risk was so these are healthy and theyre the ones those are useful covered now are being used for a bowler before covered 19 uganda had only one laboratory that analyzed viruses. The government felt compelled to obtain more diagnostic equipment to deal with cove 19. Now the laboratory examines abolla samples on site. It is to take longer even days, weeks. I did that was a problem before you intervene. But now quickly we have the labs. You can easily our quickly get the results and intervene for test takes about 5 hours. The moment the sample arrives in the lab takes 5 hours because we need to confirm every sample that is positive will confirm it. And it may take talked 10 to 12 hours to find areas. There is that the people of uganda also appear to be more responsive since the coven 19 pandemic. Uganda began local production of medical essentials like protective gear to support health care measures such as hand washing are also widespread in the fight against he. Bola little. I dont shit hardy. I dont hug. And i keep washing myself a specific fris, valuable hygiene like war. She hands washing the body, the middle of prevention. Hello, i think it is almost the same. Doing good we. We were asked to put on musk. Thats why even when im communicating out my own musk, some challenges that arose during the coven. 19 pandemic remain during the bona outbreak. For instance, many frontline Health Workers still feel underpaid, minister of health, as not provided a clear composition blood for the health was. Why did he get it and risking their lives . I didnt want lane in this tough, but again, its a bullet emerging. Ah, virus. It is is with a high for tell you to it. We remember we lost over 64, north walkers, during covey. 19 no one ever composited. The 1st people ahead was reported on september 20th in ma, do to, within weeks the virus spread to a 200 kilometer radius of the village. Even so the ugandan government is confident that it can stump ebola from spreading further even without imposing travel restrictions. Me travel restrictions hit uganda as economy hard. Thats why the countrys government is hoping to avoid renewed ban on non essential travel at all cost. So far it looks like such drastic measures will be necessary if bona might be deadly as in code, but it appears to be less infectious. Ah, how come it hasnt ever spread around the world like it . 900. 00 dw reporter increase finds out from South African verola just wolfgang prizes. Ah, how can you about the situation and youve got it. Difficult to tell these outbreaks day you start slowly and then 11 has to really watch what, whats happening in which direction they are moving. What we hear currently is that even youve gotten which is a country with a lot of experience that has done very well in the past with, with outbreaks of this kind of struggling to contain it. So hopefully well see the bending off of the curve which so far is increasing with victim measures having been implemented. Now im holding my breath and so we are real. I think the next few weeks will tell us how big it is going to get. Can you find out a little bit whats equal in the body . So it is, its one of the so coaching, rhetoric, fevers saw the face with massive bleeding, often after little injuries and injection for example, but also from, from the natural orifices. And that happens because the virus interferes with the liver that produces the clotting factors to help our blood clot. But also the cells lining the vessels get damaged by the var in fiction and database of leak out blood. And the trusting is that this blood is very infectious. People carry a lot of virus in their blood and therefore, and this is how transmission usually happens that, you know, bleeding starts and then others rushed to help and in the process, infect themselves. If you compare the just have to go to its really a respiratory tract infection. We know it also has effects on amongst or thats the plotting system in a different way. It leads to more rather than less clotting. But primarily its in the friction of the respiratory tract, starting in the, in the upper respiratory tract, thats basically the back of your nose and throat. And in severe cases obviously also going all the way down to effect the lung. And that is, its, of course, its much less daily than a boiler. Mortality rate is a lot less than that. But the treacherous thing is that you can fix it with a soft copy to the current of hours without showing any signs of illness. So you can feel perfectly well, but you are infected and maybe passing it on. If youre talking about transmission of the d b compare, you will need to go over it to maybe just make clear once again it is much more difficult, right . To transmit. Even from one human being to another than talk over to. Yes, thats absolutely right. Sitting next to somebody would not transmit the picture, but it would of course, with, with the coroner virus. So for, you really have to be exposed to the body fluids of the patient. Better oh, in columbia, one teacher went well beyond the call of duty to bring books to children. During the pandemic. Louis louisiana took a mobile library to remote corners of the country, travelling by the donkey ah, riding his donkey alpha. Louise soriano is his way to todays appointment at the d. V. No. Nino Elementary School in the department of magdalena, in columbia. The teacher has loaded his faithful companion with books from his library. He believes that delivering books to School Children is an effective way of fighting social inequality. 7 could relinquish on beyond Rural Education in columbia, in bad shape, needs more support from the state for teachers. And really that didnt really that in the borough was born out of sheer necessity. Or if you got to teachers like resources, especially here in the department of magdalena, which is one of the most disadvantaged in the country with this a little more than one. Even if youre not, we need to combat ignorance through reading. But i mean, what is going to help the future population is reading for today is luis sariana continued to bring his books to the region. Even during the pandemic, defying the restrictions on movement that were put in place to help stop the spread of covet. He refused to put his mission on hold when it opened. So now it, it was a challenge because my family thought i was putting myself at risk. At one point i was detained by the police because i should have been on the street. But knowing the loneliness that exists in the countryside, i felt that moral duty that i could send you enough to keep being able to deliver his books and avoid spreading. Covered, he used old farmyard cages as mailboxes he called his plan catcher. Read it one fella. When we started catch a read, the kids got the cages and waited impatiently for me to come by. God, i told them that they could only take the book out of the cage after an hour, but they couldnt wait that long. They went and got an after only 5 minutes. Thank god, nothing happened. And im sure they were always hoping to actually meet again. In columbias remote municipalities. Books are simply too expensive for people to buy. The few books that reached the fierce hands have all been brought here by louis soriano. Oh oh. Oh no. Another of his regulus is louis fernando. Hes the 1st in his family to learn to read. He asked for books with pictures so that his parents could follow what he was reading, sambro simple matter how sad you are. He always makes you smile with his books and leave a message. He always motivated us to read them. Other kids has started reading now too. But whenever he comes to our house, we have something to read up on him on ebay book on liliana bravo. For teachers in the region, the b, b. O. Bureau visits both during and after the pandemic have been the best way to ensure their students stay motivated and keep discovering new books. Ah, look it up and profit for people who the books we get from school. If the only books we have seen is when we read a book, it motivates us to read a new one, no more the valid ohio. But if we just have the same ones as last year, the kids already know them and these are some, well, then we dont even have internet here in the account. Louis soriano has also built a Public Library for the School Children and their neighbors. I dont be ring yet, but when i see a biblical bird goes to places that tend to be neglected to see where people are forgotten. Because these are people who deserve respect them, who need to be helped and whose imaginations are to be nurtured. I mean, you said you are saying, martinez, you, Louise Soriano is almost like a character out of a gabriel garcia, marquez snellville, a man who takes books to remote corners of columbia by donkey and not even a pandemic can stop him. Oh that was this weeks covered 19 special until next time. Good bye. Ah. With will to the point. Strong opinions, clear positions, international perspectives. As Ukraine Presses on with its counter offensive against russian occupiers. Moscow claims yes. Plans to detonate a dirty bomb and does the nuclear muscle flexing of its own assign of proteins, weakness find out on to the point. To the point in 30 minutes on d. W. No. Ah, they are throbbing damping, pounding wrenching and they make your life hell. 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The worlds richest man takes control of twitter on the bus is already shaking things up with the social media platform barring top executives and promising to limit censorship. So what does this mean for the platforms future . Also on the program