A problem. To farmers from their families women as opposed to our money by grinding our crops into flour difficult but they cant compete with the price of wheat flour but it was people in the. Agricultural exports from europe to africa how much sense that this policy really made. Here on the river rhine between cologne and doesnt do if theres a long tradition of growing wheat from the ground its particularly first time. I visit farm of any crime a shilling when i arrive i find hes had to interrupt his harvest after a lot of heavy rains. Years yet if you press on the wheat kernel with your fingernail and it leaves an imprint on the wheat like this then you cant harvest it yet. You can actually hear the wheat drawing. Kemah schillings has a ph d. In agricultural science and has only ever fund as a sideline couldnt live from what he produces on his forty hectares of land. Even then every german film i receive see you subsidies the money is paid for hector with extras available for measures that protect the environment for example. Our taxable income from farming is about twenty to twenty two thousand euros. Or doesnt apply here and that includes the subsidies you get is a common. Yes forty percent of our profit comes from subsidies. And so on. Every tonne of we targeted costs German Farmers two hundred twenty six your items but on the Global Markets a ton of wheat only yields around one hundred sixty six euros so fun is a selling that wheat for less than it costs to produce it its only to e. U. Subsidies that they can compete internationally. Sells his harvest through an Agricultural Cooperative there divide deliver the wheat is being loaded on to trucks for delivery. The price of his wheat is determined by the Global Market even though all of it is processed unsold locally. Defendants are justified about it we deliver to this station has travelled a maximum of twenty kilometers from here its sold to the surrounding area within a radius of eighty to one hundred kilometers north. Of me oh my god im over it but thats not the case on the huge phones in eastern germany or in the northern states of chalets because dollars right or whatever thats about right and also go to a cooperative with and often it gets shipped abroad for gulf ships. In twenty sixteen germany produced more than twenty four million tons of wheat nearly ten million tons were exported around forty percent of the total its a good strategy of german i quit cultural policy. At the prison its farming cooperative in eastern germany it takes five combine harvesters twelve days to bring in the high. August i says the nine hundred sixty s. The yields perhaps have learned has nearly doubled in germany the result of automation targeted cultivation and the intensive and use of pesticides and insecticides. The manager of the cooperate if doesnt know where his wheat will end up. Its divided among several distributors. Courtesy bins when you consider all your costs and what you earn feel we told the International Market could you operate without subsidies but its the other. Moment the current Market Conditions it will be difficult because we have very high production costs in germany Everyone Wants to make a buck off the wheat lying right here its the farmers always the last link in the chain we have to fight to get our share of the market that theyre not the least are going to come from us. The value of the harvest here is determined by the International Grain exchanges that trade in wheat is a global business. At the port of hamburg i meet thorsten thousand a man from germanys top grain trader. He currently has ninety thousand tons of wheat waiting to be shipped all over the world. Just off the lot goes to west africa and algeria to have to harvest in france isnt good idea weak from all over the world is flooding markets in africa. This is hard enough theres a genuine demand for it there id say were a stabilizing factor if you consider that all of africa imports around forty four million tons were relatively small fish. But we can help stabilize the situation when harvest by the big suppliers like the u. S. Or russia take a hit through its bad weather for example. On we can help to keep the supply constant. Starting new for the club. So you are of his helping to fight hunger is out the idea. One quarter of germanys wheat exports went to africa in twenty sixteen this friend is to take thirty thousand tons of wheat to guinea in west africa. Exports to this region have been steadily increasing. Months to senegal for example has more than doubled over the last fifteen years. And with industrial countries eager to continue dismantling train to barry as the volume is set to rise further. Ive come to senegal to find out whether european wheat is genuinely making up for a short full given the climate here is not suitable for growing wheat on my first walk around the capital i come across a stunning selling craps. Players are they made of wheat flour we yes we flour eggs and milk. Could you also use a locally sourced grain plane weve never tried that one im not going to be the one for you. While waiting for my crap i strike up a conversation with another customer. Her number of course it would make a lot more sense to use local projects we do have made up a minute. Because sobber but its much more expensive. To live. Now to baghdad a little longer. My prep is tasty and very affordable for local residents senegal is among the better developed countries of west africa. Minutes and sold out. Traditional food staples. But production of these crops has dropped significantly in recent decades a major rising e. G. Wheat imports. Friend cisco mary says its a huge problem hes an expert on agricultural trade and works for the german Relief Organization bread for the world he has long been campaigning for fan trade relations between industrialized and developing nations he takes me out shopping in dhaka for the interval a were can do you have wheat flour other types of flour we just like that ok. Local residents buy their groceries in the shops at the market the son of the store owner shows me the flour it was ground in dhaka but where did the wheat originally come from this is yonder from france or germany or was it maybe. Its off almost always. Move on there you also sell domestically grown for gene scott. Mcclellan made from kasama for example it. Or not from the south african we dont know but there are traders somewhere in this area who specialized in that leaf would you know call. This a other projects more expensive or something they are if this is our mentor general produces reason that combating hunger in africa because africa doesnt have a lot of its own. Obviously because their crops are grown here for centuries mainly local varieties of millet or colleagues so at reasoning doesnt stand up this week is merely actually for them and see finish aside the immobility go but we isnt the only imports here the entire shop is full of projects from europe there are practically no products from senegal here or anywhere else at the market and yet its nearly eighty percent of the senegalese workforce is employed in agriculture id like to compare prices but there are no senegalese products available to conduct. Comparison. Is in here doesnt see a lot of things here from your up news from straying powdered milk from france these are figures that could be produced taken night peas for example could do whatever you can is an absence of the ya gotta good news m l bistros in particular are a great opportunity for women with children to earn money on the start field for took so there are many products that could be grown here and about there in europe theyre grown in such large quantities and farms so intensively that theyre just a lot cheaper. Than. We set out to find senegalese products. Its not easy. In the market area in the city center we come up empty handed. Finally we discover a small shop on a main road leading out of the city of. Mosul. Here we find flour i made from various grain is grown in africa but the price is high shocking. Just because its else three times as much on done this one even. The price difference is cian which flour made from crops grown in senegal is more than three and a half times the price of flour made from european wheat. Become less than zero in local products being more expensive than products from europe when labor costs of so much of my own that was on one of its course im on the first of all because in europe we have higher yields to the fertilizers and pesticides and then of course there are subsidies for every character of one hundred different trees boy scouts to fix your own. Aquaculture in europe is an industry while african farmers rely predominantly on traditional methods i just about everything that would help boost production is not worth investing in as there is no market for it you could only bring prices down if you invested in larger scale. After a total show one done good on the show because the thing. So could do noble agriculture in competitive traction. I want to see how local farmers operate. They work more economically. I visit an Agricultural Cooperative about a two hour drive from dhaka. The farmers have just brought in the harvest. They grow and minette possible alternatives to wheat that is not the most also believe oh yes yes it was it said the man was one of the families show us one of the store houses. Logos over the entrance indicate the cooperative is supported by Development Aid some of it from me ricky in union. Says yes is that my legs is a new thats millet yes. With funds from an International Aid program for west africa the cooperative has bought grinding mills to make flour from the minute. And share from last from the from these women are supposed to earn money by grinding our crops into flour to fight it but they cant compete with the price of wheat flour as if it was equal to me. To have things got worse in recent years only the need and you will see movies imagine you would like to be able to process our own milledge it would be more lucrative to sell flour than the role graeme of one would wish you a little brute but we just cant sell it no one will buy flour for the price it costs asked to produce it its a huge problem if you read only the other level of the judicial oath. You would its pretty clear that the militias dont get much use. To. The farmers that the cooperative cant even sell their produce in their own. So they mainly produce food for their own consumption seventy five percent of the soffit the village shop i discover also sells goods from europe on us from holland although onions would grow perfectly well here u. H. T. Milk from france even though senegal has dairy cows of its own. In the evening i visit one of the women from the cooperative. She has offered to cook a meal for me. South of us some alina at the Village Market the equivalent of one euro thirty three cents aquino thats two in a huff times the price of the european wheat flour that is also sold there. Most people in her village have switched to the cheaper imported flour. Increasingly people are even using wheat flour traditional deep fried puffs made from. Because even here in a rural village well away from the port the european good sound much cheaper their best ever was. I cant help thinking the world has gone crazy. Actually the cooperative in may one has Great Potential the farmers have developed a high yield seed from their minute which can also cope with Climate Change an achievement made possible by a World Bank Project partially funded by german development. With the results of the pharmacy can now feed them minutes to their cattle because they cant compete with subsidized wheat from europe and that while four out of five senegalese make their living from farming. But just as much discussion about the need to tackle the root its used fuelling mass migration. Yes even though money has been invested here. People ought to have an income from selling their crops and flour in the end it doesnt work out because everyone opts for the Cheaper Products from europe from the open market or. The old one so of course people ask themselves what future do i have here you. Could send a goal sustain itself without food imports ive arranged to meet a man in the provincial capital of t. S. Whose convince the answer is yes. Oh yes you can say. Is the president of ascending a group that works to promote Cultural Development he says pharmaceutical be a lot more effective if they were just given the chance yeah omar listen i buy them we have our own onions and synagogues for example for about eight months of the years she said if we could market them without interference during that period see or the farmers would have enough money to improve their farming methods and increase three year old run cup i would do it but instead they have to compete with subsidised produce from europe which has been grown under ideal conditions to prove do you see why sony will allow it and as a result they cant even cover their costs at a therapy sickies or a. B. C. Reporter. That been gone the fights tirelessly to improve thomas opportunities but he feels defeated by the unfair competition. Right here in your. City could be in basically the city its like putting a bicycle next to an s. U. V. And saying that on your mark get set go feeling sad or probably a slave driver in the vehicle is going to win thats the dilemma thats just not fair. Or to leave you to. The kind of free training to really be the answer when there is such inequality amid the competitiveness isnt free trade really the problem here. At the point of deco the term. Commodities was recently expanded with seventy three Million Euros from International Development funds creating even more capacity for imported goods. Together with frances schoolmasterly i visit semicolons largest mail located directly at the port. The flow of produce him may be pushing the senegalese products out of the market but at least the process of turning the wheat into flour is taking place inside the country. The mill employs two hundred people its a slow pace i think this is european relative to least is being processed here in senegal thats a good thing isnt it. Doesnt. But unfortunately its becoming increasingly rare in countries like iran closed to new york cameroon the mills have less and less grain to process increasingly processed flour is imported directly from your direct trunk in. The Deputy Director of would much rather work with grain grown in senegal. To his dismay theres just no market for that the situation. Europe has had two hundred years of industrialisation. Too cynical as only been independent for fifty years. You for peace so that leaves it with one hundred fifty years of education and experience to catch up on needed thats not easy of course we should be promoting african products and making them competitive spirit exclusion. But to do that african countries need to be allowed to develop the capacity to do sunday school visit the organised using train today is fascist. I think its totally unfair we need flexible customs barriers that would give the country time to catch up the key for crucial cement noted. In the stands the e. U. Is currently negotiating. New trade agreements with african states that could compounds the situation it foresees scrapping customs duties on basic foodstuffs within five years. People in senegal are becoming increasingly aware of the damage that sheep produce from europe is inflicting on that country. Im on my way to the office of senegals the National Federation of bankers which has launched a drive to promote domestic projects. At its warehouses in dhaka i initially find banking blends from france. But in the room next door staff are busy packing up corn meal that has been grown and processed in senegal and its distributed free of charge to selected bank arrays that can use it as a partial substitute for imported wheat in their breads. If i he my d. Op shows me the leaflets that they using to advertise the project. So today we showcase bakeries that are making bread from locally sourced flour probably nice to know. He then takes me to a bakery on the edge of dhaka. To. Two hundred senegalese bakeries have been taking part in the pilot project. The banchory is still selling plenty of pure wheat baguettes but the loaves and hunts with minutes to suffer or corn are also selling well thats because the federation has set a fixed price on the equivalent of fifteen your of cents for a one hundred fifty gram loaf thats slightly cheaper than the wheat bread. So the flour is expensive but the bread its inexpensive a situation only maintained with development and funds partly from the e. U. Morning tomorrow at least a we have a value chides. The crops are being grown here and then we have people who are turning those crops into flour millet corn and bean flour. Referendum i use. The project is certainly helpful but surely its absurd that the e. U. Is sponsoring the sale of local produce on the one hand but preventing it on the other through its own trade policies at the local market i see an example of how customs barriers can work theres plenty of hold fresh chicken on sale elsewhere in west africa consumers have to settle for imported frozen poultry parts but because senegal snaps at thirty five percent tariff on imported chicken domestic firmest can still sell them meat Francisco Mary believes theres something very wrong about the e. U. Strange policy. Mention your perspective if you want people to have a future choice in whether they stay here a migrate. After offer them alternatives so they can survive particularly in rural areas and were not doing that on the. European governments say they want to tackle the problems that cause mass migration from africa and they say they want to help develop the continent but their own exports are hindering development. Back in europe i asked the European Commission to explain this contradiction after all the e. U. Says its committed to working with african governments as equal partners. But all i get is a written statement from brussels. The e. U. Is supporting the african unions agenda twenty sixty three which includes a commitment to doubling agricultural productivity and increasing Youth Employment by thirty percent. And. That shortfalls in food supply can only be resolved through exports. That was certainly not my experience in senegal now i mean. Even more interested in talking to someone but the e. U. Commission if agriculture of phil hogan oversees export policy believes hes not responsible for those mean to the Development Commission and even. If he doesnt have time for me. So i try the gym and government instead ive come to the federal ministry a food. Junior minister. Has been involved in Agricultural Policy for decades. The advise of us in town trade policy actually counterproductive constantly talking about attacking the causes of migration named as alan strand is act where you take it very seriously when we hear that some local markets may be affected. But overall i would say that the agreements agricultural trade are made responsibly giving consideration to the interests particularly certain world and african states they dont. Is because free trade was really fostered development when the cotton is ours. In africa and africa internazionale hundreds put International Trade policies generally contributes to the well being of the nations involved. And the growth and prosperity which on balance weve also seen in africa in recent years is in large part thanks to International Trade. But even business need not totally convinced im visiting the German African Business Association which brings together six hundred mostly German Companies its all working in africa chairman is pushing for a different approach. This is long first ticklish think thats very sensible in the long term to create free trade and dismantle trade barriers tariffs and bureaucracy but it needs to be done very cautiously so fancy on the one hand its true that european farming subsidies do a lot of damage abroad by destroying local competition and that is exactly counter to the objectives of free trade. On the other we need to protect emerging industries and companies that are not yet able to compete so that these new seedlings are not immediately trampled on when does first crowd decline in france and even closer to come up with not so we need to protect Small Companies and yes you new strategies in trains i wonder if thats realistic thank you. Ive come to switzerland to visit the company cabana which takes a very different approach to started out as a fair trade project the staff works to connect farmers in africa with markets in europe. The centrality of the core idea is that we Work Together with local people to build up a value chain and together invest in that process. In addition to sourcing goods from their own produces they also run an access to markets platform when Small Farmers can find customers to place a group order. Mandan sashas from tunisia can now really you know exactly where we want to develop a new supply chain with a producer in tunisia is on the platform now for the first time. So you can get information about his projects for sex on the i need six hundred people to water at least one kilo each and then we can arrange his fast export history in America Crown you have to three hundred twenty one people so far if i place an order it will be three hundred twenty two then you need two hundred Seventy Eight more and then ill get my kilo if its. Saturday. From their warehouse in zurich staff send out projects grown by farmers all over the world the profit stays in the developing world. A few weeks later the six hundred customers have been found and i can pick up my parcel from the post office. One kilo each of the sash. For prices similar to what id find a store in germany but in this case as in africa decent chunk of the. Solution to the cheap products that are flooding africas markets. That. Fundamentally changes. Darry corky. Give and waterproof to no. Rain boots on the runway. And sneakers for the after party comes. From the weirdest to the most elegant shoe trends of the twenty eighteen. Year romance thirty minutes on t. W. What does russias youth hope for colors freedom of expression fear of students. The reporter to julie told travels to russia before the election. She makes the poor and the rich those who support the president and for those who oppose him and investigative journalists. Showboats from our series this week on w numerous. Odd. Mood. This is you get your news live from berlin Congo America is reelected to her fourth term as german chancellor merkel would serve reelection bid by a slim margin germanys lower house of parliament bought her victory puts an end to months of political paralysis will bring you live coverage and analysis. Also coming up on the world renowned physicist at Stephen Hawking has done a good boy. Heroic of me i would pick superman everything that i dont know i. Know confined to wheelchairs from