Companies and brought to you today wii your cable or satellite provider. Now its a look at the future of the work force. The ceos of the markell foundation and seamans usa talk about the importance of technical training. This is about 50 minutes. Good morning. Im sorry we are starting this a little bit late. We just had a lively discussion with secretary perez. And so were a bit delayed here. But this discussion this morning is no less important, maybe more important, maybe just as important as the headache discussion that we just came from. This morning we are very lucky to have two amazing leaders with us, judy marks from seamans thank you for joining us and zoey baird for the markell foundation. This is an issue near and dear to the hearts of every governor whos here and every governor in the 50 states mainly because as we were just talking about we governors have an insebtive to get this right. The employers in our states are counting on us to figure out how to deliver them a trained work force. And that absolutely includes four year college, includes Community College and includes career and technical education. But it includes and needs to increasingly include Apprenticeship Programs. Here in rhode island we are big believers in the apprenticeship model. Very early on in my term we received a grant from the federal government around apprenticeship. We have duens of programs, they are working. And we are especially focused on what i call the nontrade apprenticeships. We have one in cyber, one in it, one in process technology. Nontrade but incresably important highgrowth areas. And were looking to learn from both of you this morning to figure out how we can expand and deepen the work were doing. So it gives me great pleasure to first introduce judy marx from seamans. Thank you for joining us this morning. Before becoming ceo of seamans usa, she held various pgs at lockheed martin. Ive had the opportunity to chat briefly this morning with her in addition to being a seasoned, successful, experienced seasoned executive whos delivered complex systems, shes a real believer in the model. Right now they have 2,000 open positions and she needs to gets them filled. She believes apprenticeship in uperating apprenticeships in four of their plants in this country and is expanding. Good morning. Good morning. Thanks for inviting me. I also have the privilege of sharing our 501c3. This is more about higher paying jobs. This is more than about growing our economy. We need to be able today to industrialize our nation. And that renaissance, whats happening around the country, its not just at a state level. We believe that governors have not only the most motivation but the most tools and ability to make this a reality for us. So let me share a lilt bit of what weve done as seamans and as the seamans foundation so states can learn from each other. And we can share whats worked successfully over seas as well. Were working with the nga and the center for best practices because we find that that is the best way to proliferate best practices. Weve chosen six states were already working with to be able to deal with skills and training. Were also working with 12 states on apprentice registrations and how we can make that happen quicker and more efficiently. But most importantly we had a recent opportunity to work with the mga and jp organization to share what works over in europe. And we had the privilege of sponsoring and joining governor dugart, governor fallin, governor babin as you got an opportunity with your staffs to see really what works in germany and switzerland firsthand and more importantly how can we tailor that when it comes back to the states . We want to take those lessons as well. But today were facing some interesting challenges in the new industrial economy, and i see that as do my colleagues. Here at seamans weve been in the u. S. For 160 years. And weve had to reinvent ourselves many times in those years. Weve got 50,000 employees and 50 manufacturing plants of our own. But we think the time has come where were seeing the convergence of software and the convergence of the Digital Economy. And thats whats driving manufacturing today. Its not the manufacturing you think of in the past. Its about having those human skills coming outofthe high schools in our country and being able to apply those skills in a Digital Economy. Youll hear a lot about arent robots taking over . I want to be clear here and factual. In germany we use about three times the robot manufacturing as we do in the United States. Theres a role for robots in technology, and theres a role for humans. But the humans we need need more than a high school education. They need a different skill and education program. And weve moved away from that Vocational Training that was the bedrock of how we built the last Industrial Revolution. We are a new Industrial Revolution today. Its all about advanced manufacturing, and we need workers who can do that. So what we did to fill our own openings, we turned internally to our roots and applied the german model. We moved a facility from canada here and we needed workers who could have the ability to build large gas turbines, steam turbines, et cetera. So we started an Apprenticeship Program and started with a local Community College. And these students after four years, they worked for us part time, we pay their tuition so they have a debtfree education, they get an Associates Degree and a journmans certificate and a guaranteed job with us. And ill share something at the end of this little introduction that i think youll find highly energizing. But beyond that we think we have a responsibility to employ a work force. Its not just about the people. We have to create the curriculum. We have to create the environment. We have to tell you what the demand signal is and what skills we need. And we have to give these students and universities and colleges the tools to be successful. So in the past five years weve granted 3 million throughout the nation so these students whether their getting an aid degree, an Associates Degree come out with what they need to be perform. I cant start the discussion without talking about the obstacles we face. Its a stigma thats associated right now with technical education. And it starts early in the high schools. It starts in our communities. It starts with our parents. Our typical apprentice when they graduate, and we have apprenticeships in four states, doubling that to eight states this year, returns between 55,000 to 65,000 when they start apprenticeships. When youre 14 years old and selected to be an apprentice that is looked at positively as opposed to going to a university. Here in the United States we dont look at it that way. We did a survey and talked to the parents and students involved ina technical edge kagds, theyre very pleased with where its going. So we believe industry is ready. We believe the states are the absolute best place to get it done. We commend governors for making this real. As industry we want to work with you to do that. And id like to share with you a piece that was just on the nbc nightly news from our charlotte, North Carolina facility. You will find the energy of chad robson, one of our apprentices, who ironically had the opportunity, accepted to a four Year University and he turned it down because he did not want to college debt. If he chooses, he can go on and get a bachelors degree through our tuition reimbursement. But you will find his energy and passion on what he does remarkable. So let me share that video with you. This is the sound of manufacturing in 2017. At seamans energy hub in charlotte, North Carolina. I dont see or hear those big machines when i think of manufacturing. No, todays manufacturing is different. Its custom and quiet and based on computers. Finding workers to build gas turbines was one of her biggest challenges. We actually moved the product line from canada here. And when we moved here, we needed about 800 employees. We were coming up a little short. She said only about 15 of those who applied had the skills needed. Seamans started an apprenticeship. An estimated 2 million jobs may go unfilled in the next decade. Instead of going to a Fouryear College, chad robson dhoez to we an apprentice. Robinson works in the factory. After four years hell have an Associates Degree, a journeymans certificate, a salary of at least 50,000, and skills crucial to the larger economy. If we dont provide a labor force that can fill that work, technology, foreign companies, outsourcing are going to replace the opportunity to earn your living in those occupations. Taking a page from successful apprentice programs in europe, seemans now has similar training at three more u. S. Factories. It is an investment, and you have to start there. Benefitting the company and the economy. Anne thompson, nbc news, charlotte. Very impressive, and thank you for your commitment to this work. I now would like to introduce zoey bear. Zoey is the ceo of that foundation, held it since 1998. And under her leadership the foundation has really focused considerably on this exact issue. I know shes partnered with other governors here in Public Private partnerships to invest in successful training and job training programs. Prior to that zoey had an incredibly successful career as a lawyer in government. Shes a friend and a leader. Im an admirer, and i think shes just the perfect person with the perfect background to partner with us governors to take a leadership role in apprenticeships. Thank you so much. Its a privilege to be with you at your hosted mga meet, which i understand is a tremendous success and a tremendous success for all of you. So i hope that we will contribute some ideas that you take away that are really actionable in your own states. And thank you very much to the mga for having us here. I think its really important for all of us and ive spent a lot of my life in Public Service as well as the private sector and i think its really important for all of us who sit in a role where were trying to address the pain that people are feeling in this country and trying to create the opportunity for them that we know exists, to look at this question of the Digital Economy from their vantage point. So how do people feel . People are excited . Most people have smart phones. Most people use netflix or amazon streaming or binge watch movies. So theres an a lot of excitement about what the Digital Economy is bringing. But personally, most people feel they dont see their place in it from an economic point of view. Most people dont understand what jobs to tell their kids to go after, what training to tell their kids to go after, what they themselves should be doing. We did a poll with pew to show that 87 of americans, during elections when the country was divided, 87 of americans said they needed to get training in their lifetime in order to succeed in their career. But they look at the institutions that serve them and their see our schools ending at 18 or 22. They see our Financial Aid and they think its for young people. They go to an Unemployment Office or Work Force Center and people arent trained in seeing what the Digital Economy looks like. So theyre talking about how to bring back jobs or how to get into a job thats highly competitive. But were not able to fill 6 million jobs in this country. And each of us in our states could talk about the 100,000 construction jobs that we cant fill today. If we get a zbrat infrastructure, were not going to have the welders, the people who know how to use a robot to break down the old infrastructure in order to create the new. So theres a great disjunction between what weve been telling people, which is go to college, get a fouryear degree and youll succeed and what they actually need to succeed in the Digital Economy. We have not done people a service telling them if you havent achieved a fouryear degree youre a failure. And thats how almost 70 of americans see the world because almost 70 of americans do not have a Fouryear College degree. So we need a much more diverse sense of possibilities for people. Thats what were talking about here with apprenticeships, which is a really critical and important aspect of that. But theres so many other ways in which we can also create opportunity for people. You know, 100 years ago when we moved from an Agricultural Community to the industrial age, we invented the high school. You probably havent thought about where does the High School Come from, why was it invented . It was invented at the state level to enable people to get the skills they need, the training they needed, the understanding of the world to move from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy. And what we believe is going to be necessary to scale all these great efforts of apprenticeships or employer educating matching is going to be inventing a Digital Economy labor market. And i want to show you a film we started this work in colorado, and its really taken off. We now have almost 300 employers signed up. And im going to tell you a little bit about skillful and what you can do in the United States. But first i want to show you a very short film which will give you a sense of what the Digital Economy labor market is all about. So if you could run the video, that would be great. America is really going through the largest change in its economy since the time of the Industrial Revolution. And so Many Americans dont feel that they understand what their place is in this new economy. There are 7. 3 million fewer jobs in America Today held by people with a High School Diploma or less than there were in 1989. And in some ways the single most important question for all of us in this country is how do we move forward without leaving some people behind . For decades weve been telling people get a College Degree and youll be able to compete for the growth jobs with higher incomes. Today its not necessary that that be the singular path that people take. Skills arent always measured by a dipploma. Theyre measured by the experience you gain and the type of training that you receive. What im seeing and hearing is that theres a fear that jobs are going away and theres not enough opportunities out there. And we that in the trade sector. Theres been a huge increase in openings for employment. In Health Care People always assume theres only two people that work in hospitals and theres doctors and nurses. But you have a gamut of different occupations. The real opportunity is to look to the middle of the graph, to the socalled middle skill jobs and equip more people to hold those kind of middle skill jobs and create more of those jobs. So skilled space labor market makes it possible for people to see career paths that they didnt realize were open to them before. We found people like a fedex truck driver in her early 40s, and she doesnt know what the Digital Economy holds for her. And through online tools she can see she has a lot of the skills for higher tech, higher paying job with very few additional hours of training. We need to change hiring practices, which is part of what skillful is doing, working on the ground, meeting with business, showing them how to do more skills focused hiring. 87 of americans believe that skills training throughout ones lifetime is necessary in order to succeed. We have a role. Its not just to sit back and hire people coming out of our College System or even our high schools. We need to do more training and apprenticeships. People say what if you train these people and they leave, and we say what if you dont train them, and they stay . Those in the tech sector need to create tools that will help people do more, education institutions, governments and frankly, most importantly all of us have an individual responsibility to do more in terms of learning more. So i hope that gives you a little bit of an overview, and govern governor hical, i hope you see a lot of our friends from college there. We believe this enables employers to go after the work force they need and see where the jobs are and educators what to train to. And as i said, we now have almost 300 employers signed up in colorado. We work deeply with about 20 of them to develop the position descriptions on the skills basis. You know, in kror, and im sure this is true in your own states, too, for an entry level Computer SystemsAdministration Job which has an annual income nationally of about 62,000 a year in colorado 75 of those job postings include a bachelors degree and are a barrier for others to apply for those jobs. But only 45 of incumbents have a degree. To break down the barrier and have the tools which we do on skillful. Com and were bringing in tools like the crick luthat seamans is creating, theres an enormous value out there to bring to employers who they might bring into the market to go after the skills. We need to have the trainers, the Community Colleges, the boot camps, the Fouryear Colleges as well make transparent what skills people have developed when they go to those schools so people get something of value along the way to the dipploma and so they can go out to the labor market at different points and really think about learning as lifelong. You can really drive your Community Colleges and Fouryear Colleges to think about a business model, as lifelong business model. Thats a generator of revenue for state systems. So we need to change those systems to match with the market. We need to work on Work Force Centers because i bet you anything if you look at your Unemployment Offices and Work Force Centers youre going to find they get no training on what the job looks like or if that training exists, its segmented into the Economic Development part, the business facing part of these operations rather than the job seeker facing part of the operation. We also need to create a lot more transparency for job seekers about the fact these opportunities are there. And governors can be great leaders on this whole issue weve talked about of people seeing themselves in these jobs. Most people do what their neighbor does or their parents have done in the past, and they dont even realize that they could be in these jobs. The female fedex truck driver in our video is a real person in colorado. She was worried she couldnt lift the boxes anymore. She didnt appreciate that being a fedex truck driver she gets trained in a lot of those technological skills. So we would really encourage you, be happy to work with you to think about how in your state do you create a new labor market ecosystem. Microsoft has just joined with us. Theyve invested 25 million in skillful, in expanding in colorado, going to other states and also developing policy work at both the state and federal level. We need to have Financial Resources open and available. I could go back through the things you could do on the paints that i covered. But if you focus in your own state on creating a new skills based labor market that works for the people in your state, youll bring together your employers, your educators, your Work Force Centers. And job seekers will benefit. They will be ultimate people who will benefit from this but will grow our economies secretary of state. So thank you for having me. Thank you, that was terrific. Know we have a number of governors here who are engaged in some of this similar work. So id like to begin by asking the governor of kentucky to share with us somef oyour experiences. Sure. Ive only been governor for a year and a half, so ill mention a few things that others can really feel free theres nothing really proprietary of any of these things. Its impressive, the young man we saw in this video, we met dozens of them in germany. And theyre english was impeccable, frankly, interestingly. But these are impressive young people who who are on a track to a career they felt good about. I think the real key for us as noted by both of you is to destigmatize this idea of not going immediately to a fouryear degree and to realize in fact simply getting a fouryear degree is not necessarily the best track to having a career. Theres a man in kentucky where all the titanium ribs used in the boeing dream liners are made in this little plant in shelbiville, kentucky. Hes the head of that entire program for going. He now has advanced degrees. But it was years latered when he need them, he decided to go back. And in the interim he learned skills that you all described. So it was encouraging. First of all, were fund noug in kentucky dual credit at the High School Level, where were funding it in our budget so High School Seniors and juniors moving on down as the years go on will be able to take college or secondary level training while still getting credit in high school. Thats one thing thats going to have a profound impact. Were putting seeds in the ground now. Even just last weir year we saw a 72 increase in people taking part. So put 100 million Work Force Initiative in place, over two years, 100 million. To receive it, one of the things and i would encourage all you governors if you do Something Like this, dont allow it to get hijacked by your political commentators. Some wanted to go this part of the state and some to this part. We said we want to see three applicants Work Together to apply for this money. The business community, the local high school, and the local Postsecondary Institution have got to meet together, Work Together and come up with a joint application. When that type of dialogue starts, good things are going to happen in your communities. So we had 540 million of application. Of the 100 million, obviously we could only choose 20 . So we chose the best of those. But some of those who came up with ideas, decided to pursue their ideas anyway because they were so enthused by the ideas they had. We focus not on simply providing and some states i applaud you who have done it and been able to afford to do it, provided most secondary education for two years for anyone to study anything. We focused on five key areas. And there are things like logistics and construction ask it and health care, et cetera. These are areas where there are open jobs right now, thousands. And for anyone regardless of age, if theyve never attained at least an associates level degree in their life, they can come along in this program, and we the state will make them on whole the cost in those areas where there is a job waiting for someone with at least two years of work at the other end. Not complicated, but this will change the dynamic as well for people. You talked about journeyman. We talked about Apprenticeship Programs, wont go into, but were looking for new ways to do it. We have a program called justice to journeyman. We have in kentucky, any number of folks 25,000 folks that are incarcerated. 95 of people in our jails are going to get out. 95 of them are going to get out. What are they going to do when they get out . What skills will they have . You know where everyones going to be when their in jail, you know where theyre going to be at 7 30 in the morning. Sole theyre starting their training now were starting this justice to journman program where they can start getting training now while theyre in prison oen the education side. Were moving to kentucky for the 100 outcomes based funding. Our Postsecondary Education system with taxpayer money is going to be 100 outcomes based fundsing and frankly generate the very things our marketplace wants. Those are just a few of the things. And the last thing ill comment on and ill say to those in our congress, weve got to rethink, i believe, the types of ideas we have about what young people can or cannot do. Some of the age restricts we have on kids in high school being able to go into businesses, and to learn i think have got to be rethought. And i think if we do some of these things, these are just a handful of the things were doing. I mean theres nothing propriety about them. I mention these things to say we all have got to do this. And im grateful for the fact that Companies Like seamans are leading on this front. And its inspiring to states like us that are looking for model tuesday replicate. The same issue we have in kentucky and it its shared by every governor i know of. Thank you, governor. And i think whats key is none of this is proprietary. What weve done in working with alcoa, dal, and the department of labor is weve created a play book that any Company Small erlarge can use. If you want to start an Apprenticeship Program, its about 130 something pages of howto. We all want this to succeed, we all need it to succeed for our economy. And because of that, were happy to share that Lessons Learned and anything we can. I appreciate you offering that. You mentioned earlier the stigma. It has to be done on the corporate side as well, which is to say you believe in competency based hiring and then you go back and do the resume tracking and look for the fouryear degree and do the commitment. I need to keep this moving because were a little bit behind. So could you share with us whats going on in colorado . Sure, i want to thank both these women for not just coming here but all the work youve done. And certainly what the two sides youre presenting, the apprenticeships and the skills based Technology Platform fit together so beautifully and allow us to imagine the cradle to grave arc that ult amtally all age people take responsibility for their careers. One of the things weve found as weve gone into this over the last several years, we can on a state basis choose to go through all of our openings and eliminate the requirement where we can. And its amazing if you go through, its so easy. And weve all done it, just to say these jobs require a va, when in essence many of them dont. And i think when we do that, it allow uzus to make it easier to reach out to our business community. The second point is you cant do any of these programs without organizing the business community. Certainly with the apprenticeships, the business community, each industry comes together and helps design the curriculum. So these kids go to work for a couple days a week and they also go to a Community College or Work Force Training center. And what theyre learning is really designed to make them successful at the place theyre working. Think about how many 17, 18yearold kids normally go to college. Im making gross generalizations, but many of them are bored silly. This allows them to be engaged. Were just really embracing this, how were going to make the assessments if were talking about a skillsbased aploech to a lifetime arc of learning, how do we measure and know kids are taking a training program, they have a certificate of some sort and they really are competent, coptitancy in these skills that allows businesses to look at them and really have a good sense of what they can do . And i think everybody should go out and look at Companies Microsoft has a pretty good program out there thats pretty amazing. I can go on, but i know were utof time. I do want to thank both of these women for being here but also what youre bringing to this. Its going to transform this country in realtime. Thank you. Thank you so much. Governor fallin. I think this is one of the most transformational things we can do for our nation. To fill the middle skills gap, prepare our young folks in skills that are relevant in looking out towards the future. I think one thing for all the governors here is employers have jobs they cant fill and we all have friends who has a child that graduated whum high school or college and they cant find a job. Or there may be an adult our age who says, hey, my life has changed i cant find a job. But we know there are tens and thousands of jobs that are out there. So i am so excited about the Apprenticeship Programs and i think its critical in our competitiveness as a nation that we really rethink how we do the educational and training. One of the ings i like to say is its not, you know, grandfathering manufacturing facility anymore. Everything is hitech. I cant think of hardly any other businesses who dont have something to do with a computer or some type of cyber software. And if we dont transform our systems to be relevant to the skills were going to fall behind as a nation. But at seamans and the other company we went to see in zwrurmany and switerland is as we talked to these students who are going to class three days a week, going to class, they were all excited. I i asked them would you rather go to school five days a week and take these dlaszs or rather do this Work Force Program and take these classes . We elevate ourselves, dont we . But all the students told us that they love going to work because its all the relevancy of making money. They make money, learn soft skills, learn to show up, go to work, see how they can learn something, pan out in the future and they can actually get a job and make some money. But i agree what you guys said about the stigma of talking to parents that theres a great job to be had with a good salary, great career path and transforming more students in the type of smts weve seen throughout europe. The other thing ive found very intriguing is ive talked to the adults and just citizens in those communities and said tell me about your drug problems. I say tell me about your teen pregnancy problems, big issues in america and they said, well, i dont really have problems with that. Which i found intriguing because i think the reason they dont big problems with that is these young kids of 15, 16 are finding why its relevant to get a skill, make money, the career path ahead and theyre staying out of trouble. With our High School Students theyre given a dipploma, and say hope it works out. Theyre qualified if they hire one of those types of students. And we heard governors is that the students would typically stay on with whatever company they were getting the apprenticeships with. And employers found a ready made work force because they had a chance to try them out to see if they were going to make it. One of the things i found intriguing in one of the students that was going through an apprenticeship, he was going through a denistry apprenticeship, and he said i dont like it. And thats fine. So i think its very exciting we have a movement in our nation, a discussion in our nation about apprenticeships, education, relevancy, bringing together our employers and our education institutions to actually have a conversation about what type of skills do you need. And to get onto what the governor said, i think theres a great room for single moms, for those who come into our correctional facilities, those disabled, veterans coming out of our military service to go through these Apprenticeship Programs, too, even as adults and learn skill sets that would be helpful. Thank you. Id like to move onto governor dugart and then governor bullok. Thank you. Getting a canc to see things in europe and germany and switzerland, it was really an eye opener for me. If you look at the data, i recommend the governors take a look at that website. They really have some eye opening data, eye opening for me. After seeing some of the data that his team put together on colorado young people, i looked at that same data with respect to south dakota people. And what i found was number one, if you go back ten years ago looking at the classic graduated in 2016 for the data we have, if you picked 100 ninth graders who entered high school at that time, four years later about 77 had graduated. Today were doing a lilt better, about 80 . But ill venture to say in most of our states that about 20 of your High Schoolers are dropping out. So thats a group were losing. And lets assume those education. How important is that . Ill tell you how important it is. This center for education and work force identified when the recession came along, of course, we knew jobs were lost in all of our states, south dakota lost jobs, most of us, the nation as a whole regained those jobs and most states they state level thats true, weve regained those jobs and then some. But if you look at the nate of the person who has regained a job, when the recession began and then at the bottom of the trough, at the end of the recession, those are the High School Diploma or less lost 6. 2 million jobs. And then now the nation has regained 11 millionsome jobs since then. How many of those jobs went to High School Diploma holders or high school drapouts . 80,000. So if you were a High School Diploma holder or High School Dropout and you lost your job during the recession, whats happening with those people with latch legislator degree, theyre taking them because the employers are using the bachelor degree as a way to screen. Thats one problem weve seen. But it encouraged us to recognize and urge to our young people how important it is to complete high school and get some post secondary training of some kind. That kind of data can really bring people up and get their attention because it makes people realize ive got to ive got to do this. So, in south dakota what weve done is dual credit, much like governor talked about, its been a tremendous success. If youre not using some of your state dollars to encourage High School Students to take post secondary credit while theyre still in their High School Years and get credit at both levels, you should be doing that. We offered fullride scholarships to technical schools. A lot of our states have merit based scholarships. Those are great. We have needs based scholarships, but they dont encourage any particular pathway. Imagine a needs based scholar who enters a four year degree, decides on a academic path which has no demand in the marketplace, were like the alcoholic enabler, we get them all this debt that they need to incur on top of their scholarship and they get a degree for which there is no job. And so i contend that our needs based scholarships in particular, maybe our merit based scholarships should be offered contingent upon the student choosing a career pogt for which there is demand in the marketplace. Now, we want our students to chase their dreams, but maybe we need to open their eyes a little bit more urgently about what paths theyre choosing and where they may end up with. I have also just recently, as a result of going to europe and learning about all this apprenticeship, colorado, we got erred a large group of our School Superintendents and encouraged them to start integrating work base opportunities including formal apprenticeships at the High School Level and we want to do it the at our tech school level, as well. Were looking at waiving other curriculum thats driven toward a four year degree mentality and were going to waive that who want to pursue this Apprenticeship Training and our statute gives the secretary of education the power to do that. So we dont have to go through all the fear that oh, theres less rigger, youre going to destroy our education system. Those are some strides were taking in south dakota. Again, i want to thank nga and the Merkel Foundation and siemens and j. Morgan chase to this eye opening experience to me. Thank you governor. Im going to give the last word to governor bullock. Very much appreciate your alls commitment, from my perspective as governor thats how were going to meet work force stoert image needs. Weve race raised the number of Apprenticeship Program in the last four years. I followed from 2000 to today, 90 of those are still working in our state which is so important for every parent. Average salary of a graduate is about 60,000 which is significant. I think we need to educate goegt the employers, government institutions and the students. At the end of the day, so many people think of apprentices as the trade. Theres 1,000 different apprentice fields. We have them in februaphlebotom it. Last legislative session said if you higher a apprentice well pay you 700 tax credit, if its a veteran, well pay 1500. I had to work a lot with my two year colleges to say rethink their role. It isnt always about a two year degree, its about a professionally recognized credential. I hired someone who works at the department of labor and the other at Higher Education to bridge that gap and also say lets give you priors for prior learning assessments to set you gurt along that path. But your as governor is getting into the schools, i think you as industry leaders, your voice both to the manufacture go side, the business side, but abouts the student side to say, this is what is a major employer i need, and these are the skills that i need, fundamentally help us shift this so folks are thinking about, boy, i can make 60,000 and i can be earning money while im learning the skill that the employers going to appreciate. So i think this mind shift is happening all across the country. But your continuing leadership efforts can help us as governors make that happen. Thank you, steve. We are out of time. I can give each of you 30 seconds to wrap up if youd like to respond to what youve heard. This is a this is a great opportunity for all of us. We all have to come together. This is absolutely a stateled issue. We believe that this growth is grown locally and all of you we look forward not just as siemens but i think i speak for a lot of industrial leaders. This is about our future and its a mandate and call to action. I would conclude by saying that i really encourage you, as governors, to create that labor market in your state, that brings together all the good oneoff efforts, the apprenticeships or your efforts with Community Colleges, because without this system, without a labor market ecosystem which were happy to help you define, we have a play book for it, but without that system, you wont be able to make this happen at scale, it wont work for people of all ages and it wont continue. So, i really encourage you to take all the fabulous work youre doing and think about whats the ecosystem of my state, whats the labor market that i want everyone to participate in. Thank you for having me here. Thank you guys. Fantastic discussion. Join us saturday when President Trump will deliver remarks at the commissioning of the gerald r. Ford in norfolk virginia. Our live coverage begins saturday at 10 00 a. M. Eastern on cspan. Join us on cspan 3 sunday for a American History tv live special, the 1967 detroit rights 50th anniversary, at noon eastern, Pulitzer Prize winner and Detroit Free Press editorial page he haddor, at 1 15 p. M. Eastern former Detroit Police chief, and former Detroit Free Press journalist. The 1967 detroit rights, 50th anniversary live sunday at noon eastern on cspan 3. And i think one of the hugest problems in capitalism today is the insane ceo pay. And its we can get into later how it became insane, but it is harming the companies that use it, its harming the employees, its terrible for the economy, it is one of the principle drivers of increasing economic inequality in this country. Saturday at 7 00 p. M. On book tv, stephen clifford, former ceo of King Broadcasting Company talks about his book the ceo pay machine. Sunday at 1 30 p. M. , dr. Willy parker, a christian and Abortion Provider talks about his book lifes work a moral argument for choice. We pushed back on the more didty of abortion, we pushed back on the claim that its dangerous. We havent made the case that women have and people who are making decisions about reproduction, a process that occurs in their body that it is within their agency as human beings to make those decisions. For more of this weekends schedule go to book tv. Org. Three Technology Sector executives were featured panelists at a discussion recently on cybersecu