Where professionals who had houses had white linked curtains to the window, and you will recall the latest community. They are all gone laced curtains. He was the first licensee africanamerican optician. He was also a businessman. He had four different. His wife businesses. His wife also had a career. She was the principle of the old 20th Street School here in tuscaloosa. So, back then, even though things were segregated, it was a very good living for them. The murphys the house around 1923, and when he passed in 1943, his wife tried to hold on to the house. The house was wheeled to his willed to his nephew, who lived in mobile, and later he sold the house ms. Collins. Ms. Collins on the house up until the city bought it in 1986. I fell in love with the house, reading the material that was here, bringing in groups to two or the building, getting excited by the tour the building, getting excited by the artifacts, the items i did not know we had all the information. One of the things we talked about is bloody tuesday, which was one of the main things that happened during the Civil Rights Movement in tuscaloosa. The church the First African Baptist Church at the time, the pastor, who was the ringleader of the Civil Rights Movement here in tuscaloosa, and the first african have just church Baptist Church is across the street from the murphycollins house, so we can look out the window and see the First African Baptist Church from here. On monday and tuesday, what had happened on bloody tuesday, what had happened is they had met, and they were going to march to the courthouse to integrate the facilities there. The police had heard they were going to march, and told them not to, but they told them they were still going to march. When the leader left to lead the group out of the church, they were confronted at the front of the church with the policeman, billy clubs, tear gas, and other weapons to make sure they did not march. They were driven back into the search, and teargas was thrown into the church to make sure they stay there in the church they did not let them out. The leaders they took them on to jail. Then, when they saw that the ones inside the church were not going to try to march anyway because the leaders were put in jail, they let them go home. Some had to go and get medical attention because they were injured during the confrontation with the police. Some state to they stayed to clean up the mess made from teargas and other debris, and those beautiful stained windows were broken and had to be replaced. When they had bloody tuesday in 1964, i was a member of the First African Baptist Church, and i had just started teaching in 1961, so i was a way that in Summer School a way that summer in Summer School. It was all over the news, the radio, tv, and where i was in Summer School, a lot of wanted to know what is going on in alabama, what were they doing, and do we have relatives there did they get hurt, so on, and so on, about bloody tuesday. I attended many rallies at First African Baptist Church. I attended the meetings they had when dr. King came to First African Baptist Church. During that time the 1960s was a period of unrest. People want to bring about changes. As a result, some changes were made. That is one of the things the young people need to know the sacrifices made by the people before the in order for these changes to take place. Staff cities tour recently traveled to tuscaloosa, alabama to learn about its rich history. Learn more about others thought stopped on our tour at cspan. Org citistour. Youre watching cspan history tv all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. To mark the 100th anniversary of the Pulitzer Prizes, they pay tribute to the prizewinners whose work focused on social justice and civil rights. A preview. Good evening, everyone. My name is charlie gaily. I live next door to to mr. Roy peter clark. He is the best neighbor in the whole world. He told me to say that. At least for tonight, you can call me scout. Girl know me as a 10 euro if you read the novel to kill a mockingbird. Way, 1961, the author ms. Harper lee run won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. You can clap. [applause] we were all set to hear about her passing. Something strange happened last year. Another book about me was published. It was called ghost and it watchmen. It is about me as a young woman. It is also about my father, atticus. Atticus finch. A lot of people really loved my dad into killer mockingbird. He was kind, fair, and loving. I dont know what happened to him only get to watchmen. Feels like someone put grumpy sauce in his grades. Grits. Is forget about old atticus and remember the young one. The one who inspired us all. Rick mcguinness, 19 30 5 1935. You are the jury, ladies and gentlemen. He is about to give you his closing statement. Gentlemen, i shall be brief. I would like to use my remaining time with you to remind you this case is not a difficult one. It requires no minor shelf collocated fax. It requires you to be certain beyond all reasonable doubt as to the guilt of the defendant. To begin with, this case should have never come to trial. This case is as simple as black and white. A humble, quiet, respectable neighbor who had the unmitigated temerity to feel sorry for a white woman and put his word against two whites. They wanted you to go along with them with the cynical confidence that you will go along with their assumptions, the evil assumption that all negroes lie, that all negroes are basically a moral beings, that all negro men are not to be trusted with our women. An assumption one associates with minds of their caliber. One more thing, gentlemen. Before i quit, Thomas Jefferson once said that all men are created equal. Way in which all men are created equal. There is one Human Institution that makes the popular the equal of a rockefeller. The stupid men the equal of the einstein. Makes the ignorant man the equal of any college president. That institution, gentlemen, is the court. It can be the Supreme Court or the humblest justice of the peace court in the land, or this court, which you honorably serve. Our courts have their faults, as does any Human Institution. Arehis country, our courts the great levelers. In this country, all men are created equal. I dont firmly hold onto the alll that our courts are they are supposed to be. That is no ideal to me. They are representative of our people. Gentlemen, you have heard all of the evidence given. You have heard the testimony. I would like you to release the defendant to his family. Dutye name of god, do your. You can watch the entire event sunday at six 1 30 p. M. And 10 30 p. M. Eastern. This is American History each week