Democratizing force. It is powerful in terms of being a ladder for social and economic mobility. But right now there are really significant discrepancies in the adoption and availability of a lot of these technologies such as broadband in lower income communities. So im concerned about that these communities are often the vulnerable populations. And that theyre often adversely affected by technology transitions. So the question very simply is, is what can we do, what should we be doing to ensure that reliable voice and Broadband Services are delivered to the public regardless of economic background or geography . Well, if i can just jump in a little bit. I think its really two questions. One question is the rural question. How can you get these facilities that are very expensive built in very rural areas . And that the fcc and a number of states have universal funds to help get that infrastructure built. The other question, the adoption question, is really a question that theres been a lot of study of. Whether its at ntia, the fcc, states, pew, many places. And there seems to be a real consensus that there are a couple of barriers to adoption. One is, you know, having a computer or a smartphone. Does a family have those . Education is important. There are, for whatever reason, a chunk of americans who believe the internet does not offer value to them. You know, an education effort with them is important. There are a lot of programs for adoption. The fcc is considering helping to fund or create an eray program for broadband adoption. Theres a lot going on that recognizes what youre illustrating, that there is an adoption issue in america. Youre saying research is showing that the issue, some of it has to do with the end users, the lack of appreciation or access to some of the to laptops or to smartphones. But then but some of your answer indicates that it is on us as well, that were not getting it to the end user in the way that we could be. Certainly in rural areas, it is a challenge to build networks where there are very, very few people. And thats where the availability gap would be. And is the shortfall again, im just looking for action steps to address this. Theres a lot of conversations im having with folks that are trying to make cheap laptops available for students and really exciting things going on. But on the getting the technology to that end user, give me your sort of unbiased appreciation of the universal service funds. Do we have the resources necessary to take on that end of the issue . If not, what would what is a more realistic approach . Well, the fcc is in the middle of reforming the usf fund to make it more efficient and more focused. So i think if they can get that operationalized and in the field, well really be able to see if theres enough money in that fund. Theres about 4. 5 billion in the High Cost Fund thats devoted to expanding availability. And can you just, for a senator thats sort of new, can you tell me whats some of the issues youre working on to make that fund more efficient . How best to target funding. How best to identify areas that really need the funding versus areas that can get by without it. The current fund is sort of an old fund that allocates money in kind of unusual ways. This is a much more modern, targeted fund with a cost model to focus the money. Unusual ways. It sounds like a euphemism. Well, the old fund sort of was built on a series of implicit subsidies that were not well quantified. And then the funds itself, particularly for the larger carriers, was based on statewide averaging so that you could have a state with dense areas that on average would seem like it didnt need funding, although there were parts of the state that could be very rural that did need funding. So were trying to target the funding much more accurately now. Okay. Im grateful. Thank you very much. Very good. I want to thank our witnesses. Thank senator pryor for holding this hearing and senator wicker and we will keep the record open for two weeks for questions. It was really interesting discussion with a lot more work to do. And the hearing is adjourned. Thank you to our witnesses. Cspans new book includes financial journalist Gretchen Morrison. What role will the government play in Housing Finance . If we want to talk about it and the populace agrees that its something we should subsidize, put it on the Balance Sheet and make it clear and evident and make everybody aware how much its costing. But when you deliver it through third party enterprises, fannie mae and freddie mac, and deliver the subsidies with private shareholders and executives who can extract a lot of that subsidy for themselves, that is not a very good way of subsidizing home ownership. Read more of our conversation with Gretchen Morrison and other features from our programs on sundays at 8 00. On friday, the Christian Science monitor hosted a reporters round table with john podesta. Heres a brief portion. How would a Hillary Clinton presidency look different from an Obama Presidency and a bill Clinton Presidency . Thats a topic i havent pondered. Each person that comes into Office Brings their own skills and the challenges are different. You know, we advocate the breakup of the soviet union. We tried to expand a democratic and more unified europe. Thats obviously being challenged. But i think the project was pushed forward. We had to deal with al qaeda and terrorism. But nothing in the way that president bush and president obama had to come to grips with in terms of that question. So i think that the challenges would be different. I think people bring their own personalities, their own talents to the job. I think that one thing that the three of them share is, i think, the purpose of the job, which is their primary duty is to ensure that everybody has opportunity in this country. Thats what motivated all three of them. Thats what and i think that if she does decide to run and she is elected president , shell get up every day, as president obama gets up every day, as president clinton got up every day and go into the oval office and think what can i do to help working middle class people. If you could use three adjectives to describe her presidency, what would they be . Disciplined. Tough. And determined. Watch the entire event with john podesta online at cspan. Org. Chelsea clinton spoke about here mother at a recent conference. In her remarks she talked about working with the former secretary of state on the Clinton Foundations no ceiling initiative, which tries to encourage women and girls from around the world to participate in current affairs. She also talked about some of the chance currently facing women today. This is 50 minutes. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome. Thank you all for joining me for the kickoff of the 2014 National Conference for College Women student leaders. [ applause ] im a member of aauws National Student advisory council. And im love the energy in the room. Im currently finishing a dual master at oregon state university. [ applause ] ive got to get used to this, awesome. So this will continue in the doctoral studies, focusing on education at the university of washington. [ applause ] it is with great pleasure that i introduce our featured speaker. Chelsea clinton, vice chair of the Clinton Foundation, working alongside her parents, president bill clinton and secretary Hillary Clinton, drives the vision and the work of the Clinton Foundation. Chelseas work at the Clinton Foundation emphasizes improving global and domestic health, creating Service Opportunities and empowering the next generation of leaders. Chelsea focuses especially on the Foundations Health program, including the Clinton Health access initiative, which strengthens health care and access to Life Saving Services in the developing world. The alliance for a healthier generation, which finds childhood obesity, and the Clinton Health matters initiative, which addresses preventable diseases in the United States. She also established and continues to lead the Clinton Foundation day of action program, which identifies and organizes meaningful Service Opportunities for foundation staff, friends, and partners and for the wider foundation community. To help advance the full participation of women and girls around the world, chelsea and secretary clinton colead the foundations new es initiative, no ceiling. The full participation project. As one of the strongest champions of the Clinton Global Initiative university, chelsea works to empower the next generation of change makers, to take action on some of the worlds most urgent challenges. In addition to this great work, chelsea is a special correspondent for nbc news, shares on the boards of the Clinton Health access initiative, the school of american ballet, common sense media, the africa center, and cornell medical college. Shes also the cochair and Advisory Board of the Many Institute at nyu. So without further ado, please give a round of applause for chelsea clinton. [ applause ] oh, goodness. Thank you for that introduction. Thank you for that enthusiastic welcome. Its always awesome to see so many energized women of all ages. And the few men who are here. I want to thank the university of maryland for hosting us. And aaw for convening all of us. [ applause ] and particularly the staff of auw and the university of maryland, who have already ensured that this meeting is going so well, and im sure will continue to go so well. I know big events like this are truly team sports and there are so many people who participate to ensure that these experiences are meaningful for us, whom we never see, but i think its important to acknowledge. One of my core areas of focus at the foundation is what were calling no seceiling, the full participation project. It is well known that my mother has been working on issues of women and girls rights and advancement of opportunities for truly now more than 45 years. I couldnt imagine a better role model or partner than my mom. This is deeply meaningful work to me, not only because it continues to advance a cause that is morally right, but also clearly in all of our interest, whether were women, girls, boys, or men. We have more data than ever before that investing in women and girls isnt just the right thing to do but the smart thing to do. Not only in our own country, but around the world. And yet we havent ever really collated that data. Ultimately, thats the goal of no ceiling. In 1995, when which mom went to beijing and said that womens rights are human rights, something i think she didnt know at the time would be treated as such a seminole event. While it seemed so selfevident, we clearly were each further than we are today to full participation. We have unequivocally made process. Here at home and in many places around the world in terms of greater legal enfranchisement for women. Greater Economic Opportunities for women. Cultural and social prohibition easing. And yet in no country, including our own, are women and girls truly equal at any point, whether at the starting line or even at the finish line. So through no ceiling, were looking across the world, working with traditional data partners like the urn and world bank, as well as less traditional partners, like google and facebook and the telecom companies, to really understand where do we stand . What are our legal rights . What is our economic participation, what are the social stigmas that still exist . How are we using technology . Are we using technology in the days in which technology at the moment is revolutionizing the world in terms of not only access to technology but also thinking, information, education . Or not . And then looking for kind of where we are, understanding where we made the most progress from 1995 until today, in trying to correlate that progress to what has made the most difference, so that we know, those of us who care about this and think it is the right and the smart thing to do, to harness and focus our energies going forward. What laws have changed that have really made a difference . What social media campaigns around the world have really made a difference. What religious efforts have really made a difference . Whether inspiring more women to run for public office, whether in stopping child marriage, or anything in between or beyond. So im here today in part to have a conversation, which im looking forward to, because theres clearly no shortage of energy or enthusiasm. But also here to recruit all of you, because we know that only if those of us who are already interested and already believe that investing in women and girls is important, that it is the smart thing to do, i think theres probably a strong selection bias in this room toward that, but only if we make it cool, make it unavoidable, and make it necessary for others to Pay Attention will this truly become a movement to ensure that in 20 years were having a different conversation than the one were still having today. Because im frequently asked these days, maybe not surprisingly, what i hope for the child that mark and i are thrilled to welcome into the world later this year. [ applause ] oh, thank you. You know, one of the things that i deeply hope for is that the conversations that he or she will be having with his or her friends in his or her communities on a campus like this one will be radically different than the ones were having today because the world will look very different. I cant think of anything that would enable the world to look more different than if women and girls were ultimately and unequivocally enfranchised. I think that we do know a lot about what works but we dont know enough. So we hope that our work through no ceiling will inform all of our passions, all of our energies, all of our focus, and appropriately when necessary our anger, to ensure that all of the children that many of us in this room will some day have, will be in a room like this, if theyre so lucky to raise their hands and to have been selected, talking about what concerns them and what they want to see different in the world. But women and girls, rights, participation and opportunities wont be on the table because it will be taken for grant it because everyone will be given the opportunity that he or she deserves. Thats what i hope and what were focused on working to achieve. I hope that many of you will participate with us in the full participation agenda, and i look forward to the conversation that were going to have. So thank you to the university of maryland. Thank you to aaw, and again, most crucially, thank you to all of you for caring enough to be here on a hot summer day. And even more for the work that youve done and perhaps more profoundly for the work that youll do. Thank you very much. [ applause ] i just want to start off by saying thank you for that powerful and moving speech that you just did. I literally have goose bumps, and im sure the audience feels the same way. So one more round of applause for chelsea. [ applause ] as you know, were here today in a room full of 900 plus talented and aspiring individuals here, many of us College Students, and so were talking about leadership and so im going to start with the fundamental question. What does leadership mean to you . [ inaudible ] it can be something very specific about something that you want to change in a recycling program, or it can be something quite comprehensive, like something you want to revolutionize in our health care system. But understanding how to translate that vision into a real action plan, and then having the mix of humility and courage to pursue it. Humility to be able to ask for help, because none of us know everything all the time. In fact, i think most of us know just a little bit most of the time. So to be able to ask for help to find the right partners along the way. And yet enough confidence in the importance of whatever that original motivation is that you stay the course, regardless of what obstacles arise. So leadership is having a vision, being able to translate that vision into an action plan. Being able to ask for help and having an enduring sense of purpose, so come what may your resiliency and your commitment carry you through to advance towards that vision. Thank you. [ applause ] something that resonated with me when you were talking about the resiliency piece, and i wanted to follow up with what challenges do you see that prevent women and girls from reaching leadership roles . Wow, a lot unfortunately. I guess i would pick three to highlight. The first is i think its really hard to imagine what you cant see. I think these hard for all of us in anything. Which is why i think its so important that those of you who are already by definition here today leaders continue to lead. Because youll never know how many other young people, particularly young girls youll inspire along the way. I think often one of the ceiling that we face is a ceiling of imagination. So one, i think its hard to imagine what you cant see. Two, i think that we need to do more to be honest ant what particular challenges girls do face. There are many reasons why there is a dropoff, a serious dropoff between first, second and third graders who in equal numbers, girls and boys, are performing well in math, are inspired to be engineers or astronauts, scientists, and then fourth, fifth and sixth grade, those numbers plummet, both in terms of achievement and ambition. We know there are lots of reasons that thats happening. So we need to be candid about those reasons, that the differences in the way teachers treat boy and girl students. That sometimes girls are more likely to learn in more interactive ways so need to be engaged more readily. We have a lot of data to back that up, so we need to have candid conversations and then candid approaches to ensure that were not wasting talent or dreams, because thats not good for anyone. And then the third is that i think candidly we also need more places like this for women, because this is a safe place to have conversations, to be able to talk about the different challenges that so many of us have faced. So i think the barriers change over time. Theyre clearly different when youre a fourth grader than when youre a College Student or graduate student or young professional. But theyre very real and each needs different solutions. I think one of the Important Solutions for young women who are your age or my age, a little bit older, is to have forums like this and have mentors who can help cure rate the conversations and if necessary, force the conversations, so we can grapple with our internal ceiling, as much as our external and move forward. Following up on that, any thoughts or particular advice that you would give someone who is looking to become a leader . Im frequently asked this question in a different way, although im thrilled you asked this way. Im frequently asked, often by young women, how should i engage in the world . My First Response is, think about what makes you angry. If that doesnt work for you, think about what makes you really passionate and inspired. Because i think that anger and passion are far more likely to be durable motivators than any other emotion. And, again, going back to our first question and resulting conversation, being a leader is hard work, but it does require a resiliency as you noted. So if what youre trying to change is something that makes you really angry, because you think its something that is unjust, inequitable, unfair, or if it makes you really passionate, something thats really working, you would understand why they cant be working for more people or inspiring more people, i think those are far more likely to ensure that whatever cynicism that you encounter, and theres always going to be cynics, or the people who just believe that because something hasnt been done before it cant be done, or because people believe that someone who looks like the majority of us with due apologies to the men in the room, cant be the ones that cant do something. There are going to be those challenges. But if anger or passion or both are what inspire you, i think it helps ensure that those challenges are treated as obstacles that need to be overcome and not as ceiling that cant be broken through. Thank you. [ applause ] so tying that into this other topic came to mind as were talking about this. I know that you faced a lot of scrutiny from the media. Youve grown up in the media since you were little and i read that you learned to develop a thick skin because of that, and women in general often face their own kinds of scrutiny. So what advice do you have for those women and girls who have been told that they couldnt or that they shouldnt . I do think that thick skin is necessary. Just in general in life. Im a believer in thick skin, as a survival tactic. You know, i think its important to think about criticism in one of two ways. I guess maybe to sort criticism into two categories. You know, first, to think about whether its serious. And if its serious criticism, if its about the quality of your idea, if its about kind of the quality of your action plan, how you have translated that idea into a road map for moving forward, i think its worth taking that criticism seriously but not personally. And to think about whether or not this is something valid in that criticism that will help make your idea or your action plan your general approach better and stronger. Then i think theres a second basket of criticism, and thats the criticism thats not about you, its about the critics saying it. When people criticize how you look, i had the indubious honor being compared to a dog as a 13yearold by rush limbaugh. That was not about me, that was about him. You laugh, but thats an important point. [ applause ] and maybe thats an extreme example, but unless a lot has changed in high school since i was a student, much less college, i can promise you every woman in this room has encountered something similar. Thats not about us. Its not. Its about whoever feels the need to say that, to make him or unfortunately herself feel better. So thats what i would say. Thick skin is necessary, but its important not to deflect all criticism, because some criticism can be really useful. But just think about criticism is a nice euphemism for lots of things in this category. Is the criticism serious . And so should it be treated seriously but not personally . Or is it just not about you and it needs to be sloughed off. [ applause ] so switching gears a little bit. I know that youve been involved in doing a will the of work in the community, both locally and abroad in terms of empowering them. What does womens leadership look like in countries outside the United States . I think womens leadership looks like the individual women who are leaders every year. I wouldnt say theres one kind of pers of characteristic we can extrapolate. I do know who sits at the proverbial table matters. We have so much evidence, as i was referring to, kind of on an aggregate scale earlier to back that up. So whether were talking about Northern Ireland or kosovo or east timor, we know that when women are engaged in not only kind of peace enforcement, but actually in the peacemaking negotiations, peace is more likely to take hold, take root and be sustained. We know that in countries where there is an appreciable level, based on the different surveys, or statistical analyses, where theres women in parliament, if you look at the budget allocations of those countries, countries are much more likely to make what are considered longterm investments in their country. They are far more likely to invest in expanding Education Opportunities and ensuring those opportunities are of notable quality. Theyre far more likely to invest in their countrys Public Health and health care infrastructures. So theyre far more likely to take a farsighted view that ultimately is going to benefit the whole country over time than a shortterm view would. The same is true when economic barriers are removed. We see that not only from a government perspective, but also from a company perspective. When Companies Actively seek to empower women, theyre far more likely to have more sustained growth rate over time. Thats not just true in the United States, its true around the world. So i think that all of that says that Women Leaders matter, which to me is more of the headline, because Women Leaders all look individually wherever we may be. Thank you. So specifically following up with that, how can the amazing and talented leaders who are in this room, how can we connect with Global Leaders . What are your thoughts on that . Well, i think it depends on kind of what you want to do and why. So if you want to connect with other College Women leaders because youre really interested in learning about how Women Leaders are advancing change on campuses around the world, i think its important that you think about what parts of the world youre most curious by and find the major universities and find out where theres an analog or not, and youre going to learn something, if there isnt an analog to you, that will also be interesting. If there is no equivalent to you in given countries. I think if youre interested in connecting with political leaders in other countries, thankfully there are now relatively easy ways to do that. Partly because so much of the world is online, and so much of the world is not as fortified in some ways as our Political Leadership is. If youre inspired by Women Entrepreneurs in the developing world, in technology, there are really clear examples of kind of women who have broken ground, like one of the companies that im most impressed by in the last few years that was started as an open Source Technology platform to enable kenyans to map election violence after the elections in 2000 and 2008, and then that technology kind of morphed into something called person finder after the Haiti Earthquake in 2010 to enable survivors to find one another or even members of Haitian Community here in the United States to find out whether or not their loved ones were alive. That morphed into technology that was used in istanbul and the arab spring to enable men and women to communicate in areas of the protest that were hostile to women. One of the founders of the technology was a woman, is still a woman, shes 36. So there are examples. But it depends on what youre looking for and why. If youre looking for general inspiration, thats one thing. If youre looking for knowledge exchange, thats something else. If youre looking for real partnership, thats something else. But ask the questions and reach out to people. The worst thats ever going to happen is someone is going to say no. But youll never know what someone is going to say if you dont ask. Thank you. [ applause ] so people think that social change and activism can only happen outside of the classroom and i read that you love and enjoy teaching. How can students and administrators create classroom environments which transformational learning and student activism can occur . Well, when i teach, i am always focused on trying to help my students think critically. Im much more concerned with kind of whether or not theyre going to leave able to ask critical questions of Global Health and Public Health and whether or not they can tell me how many members are on the World Health Organizations executive body. We talk about what makes people angry and passionate. So i wouldnt say thats necessarily the right approach for everyone, but that is how i at least try to translate what i feel so strongly in my Foundation Work into the classroom. Thank you. Since theyre talking about classrooms and learning spaces, given the incidents of violence against women worldwide, specifically on College Campuses in the United States, how can College Women leaders and administrators take proactive steps to assure the safety of all women, not just those who make the dues . I think its great were talking about this. Because i think this is something that has for too long existed in the shadows. I think its something that is shameful, and i think it is something that everyone should be ashamed of until we get it right by which i mean eliminate this issue. Its sadly not just an american issue. And its sadly not even one confined to colleges and universities. Schoolbased violence is something that plagues girls and young women around the world. Four different reasons, all with sadly a core source, which is a perception, and a too often reality of vulnerability. The reason it differents from place to place is in much of the developing world, there are no safe latrines or there arent gender specific gender latrines. So girls walk quite far from school, and theyre vulnerable as theyre walking during the school day walking to and from school. That often is not only true for little girls but true for collegeage students, as well. We have different challenges in the United States, but too off with the same tragic results. I think you ask this question around what can student leaders do . I think thats an important part, but its important to realize when its our responsibility to expect those who are ostensibly responsible for us to take their responsibilities more seriously and to greater effect. This is not something that you can solve on your own. That is nothing to be ashamed of. This is absolutely an area where you should expect your School Administrations to work alongside you to come up with solutions that will help eradicate this challenge. [ applause ] i think its important for each of us to think about what can we solve on our own . And what cant we solve on our own . And this is something that cant be solved only by student leaders. But it should not be solved without you either. I think thats equally important. I think its equally important that young womens voices are enfranchised in these conversations. That pressure is continuing to put on your administration, not only by you but by your friends and families. Lets not forget whos paying your tuition bills. Im quite serious. And for you to remember that youre not in this alone. You talked about kind of how do young Women Leaders find each other . This is an area where kind of greater numbers will have a disproportionately greater impact, not only on College Campuses individually but across College Campuses. And this is definitely an area where the media is your friend. The School Newspapers are your friend. The local media is your friend. For places that have an even worse statistic than the statistics that are national, and whether its 1 in 3 or 1 in 5, neither of those are acceptable. So when somebody tells me only 1 in 5. Oh, thank goodness, 13 that arent affected. No, unacceptable. Find out where your school stands, particularly visa vie the National Average, whatever the National Average is, depending on the study you want to rely on. And if your school is worse, then that which is already horrendous, like make a ruccous. Dont forget that youre not alone. [ applause ] thank you, chelsea, for taking the time to answer these questions. Now i would like to open it to an audience q and a. We have a lot of folks and theres a lot of great energy, but we would like to give students a chance to talk to chelsea. So please, students only, go ahead and line up at the microphones closest to you. And ill call on you. Those microphones are located in the front. We only have 15 minutes, so please keep your questions brief to get to as many as possible. If we could give chelsea one more round of applause. [ applause ] so were going to start over here. When you get to the microphone, please remember to state your name and what school youre from. Hi. My name is thank you for the presentation. I have a friend in new york, a homeless friend, who was raped in a shelter by one of the managers, and i was just wondering, as student leaders, what can we do to help people and women struggling with homelessness and violence, what can we do to make to empower them and just make the streets safer, this country safer for them . I would say a few things. One, find out if youre in georgetown, find out which organization in washington are already doing work in these areas that you think could be that much more powerful. And whatever help means, try to figure out how to match that. If that is volunteering time, if that is legal aid time, go to people at georgetown law school. If that is food, like starting can drives. But again, try to figure out what the specific needs are, and which of those you can really help fill. The spekd thing i would say is i actually really believe that it matters who is in public office. [ applause ] not surprisingly. And homelessness is an issue that actually is treated radically different across our country. Theres some issues where there are nuances, but homelessness, theres radical differences based on who is sitting in a mayors office, because it is largely a local issue. Theres some areas over the last few years, since 2011, theres been tremendous progress in the Housing First movement. In triaging the most vulnerableably homeless, in assuring that the social services are coalescing around and at some point to continue their housing. So find out whats working, try to convince your local representatives to focus on that, whatever the right levels of local is, whether its your mayor or congress people. If theyre not focused on it, try to vote them out of office. If you cant find someone else who is doing what you think should be done, think about running for office yourself. [ applause ] thank you. Next question over here. Thanks for coming to speak to us. It was really great listening to you im sure all of us feel the same way. I was curious about what inspires you, you get up every day and do what you do. Youve done a lot of good things and inspired a lot of people and all of us here feel really honored to listen to you today. What really inspires you to work for what you do today . My parents certainly inspire me. Partly because they continue to serve. I think either of them could have kind of dusted their hands off and retired a long time ago, and neither of them has. I find that very inspiring. When people continue to believe that they have a contribution to make and continue to find ways to make it. But my ultimate inspiration in life was my grandmother. Yesterday would have been her 95th birthday. She passed away 2 1 2 years ago, and i miss her every single day of my life. My mothers mother. She was born to two teenage parents. She had been abandoned twice by the age of 8. By the time she was 13, she had been kicked out of her grand parents house, and told that she had to start supporting herself. I couldnt imagine that. I couldnt imagine being kicked out at 13 and told i had to support myself. But she did. And she never felt as if life had been too dark, because she always believed it was up to her to make the best out of whatever cr crappy hand she had been dealt. Its about the challenges and the opportunities, and its about figuring out which challenges can become opportunities and candidly, what has to be left by the roadside. Her life was a testament to the fact that that wasnt for her rhetoric, but really was motivation, because even though she had not had any model in her own life, in her own family, a healthy, supportive family looked like, thats what she created for my mother and my uncles. And she embued certainly in my mother the sense that she could do anything. So for my grandmother, who was born before women had the right to vote in the country, the fact that she lived long enough to vote for her daughter for president , and her ability to make the best and do the best that enabled that, is remarkable to me. So i think about her every day. And whenever im feeling discouraged, i think thats not acceptable. And what more can i and should i be doing . [ applause ] thank you. It looks like we have time for about one more question. Oh, sorry. Im stephanie and i go to the university of arizona. My question started out of a conversation that happened in 2014 this past march. I was talking to a couple other girls and we were talking about public speaking and it applies mostly to this conference, because we were talking about women in public speaking. She actually as we have more student leaders, well have to have more well have to learn how to public speak more. She said that she was at a conversation or a workshop once, and the woman was saying how she purposefully makes her voice lower and more controlled so that people will take her more seriously while public speaking. So i think that idea, since she told me about it has fascinated me and made me question how other people view me when im talking to them, because i know when i talk about something im passionate about, my voice gets high and i start to talk fast. So do you think that hurts us or do we need to conform to a certain model so people take us more seriously . I think its a great question, and i think it has implications or at least relevance even far beyond public speaking. This comes up in the way we dress and the way we cut our hair, whether or not we wear makeup and our body type and how we sound over the telephone or even in a one on one conversation, not just in front of an audience, how we walk, i mean, this is, you know, i could go on, right . And i think the unfortunate reality is that it is both. And i think it would be disingenuous to pretend otherwise. I think if we do want to be taken seriously, and if indeed we want to be leaders, and part of being a leader is being taken seriously, at least by the people that youre trying to lead, i think we have to be candid about what peoples preconceptions are of leadership, how far we can push those. But then once we are accepted, kind of then pushing them that much further. So i think its not just about its certainly not about capitulation so much as it is about strategy. But never so go far as to when you feel inauthentic. You should never make so many sacrifices or kind of dampen who you are to such a point that youre not able to be yourself, because if youre not yourself, you wont be able to be the authentic warrior that youre trying to be on whatever path youre trying to march down. And authenticity can never be overestimated for how important it is for credibility. So it is a balance, and candidly now is when you should be experimenting with what that balance is. So if lowering your voice, or at least being aware of not going into uber high registries when youre excited doesnt feel uncomfortable to you and you realize people are looking at you more intently and seriously, thats okay. But if it does feel uncomfortable to you, then find another way to get people to take you seriously and listening to the content of the substance youre saying and not just the tone in which youre saying it. I think its great that you asked that question and i hope also people will give you honest feedback. Some of the best feedback i ever got on this issue is when i was working at mckenzie. One of the partners i was working for at the time was my first engagement, so i had been there maybe two months. Said to me one day, youve got to stop apologizing. And of course, i said, im sorry. He was like, you dont even realize youre doing. You apologize for everything. 99 of the things you shouldnt be apologizing for. And he said, people are not going to take as seriously as you deserve to be taken if youre apologizing for everything. He said, im going to start fining you 1 every time you apologize. It was great advice and it took me a long time to stop apologizing. I still apologize, because im from arkansas originally. Go, arkansas. But i was so grateful to that. That falls into the criticism that you should be taken seriously. He was making a really serious point. I was young. I was a woman. I was working on a Financial Services case, where there are so many things stacked against me. But he knew that i was a super hard worker. I was smart, ambitious. But if i didnt get rid of apologizing, people were going to focus on the first part and not the second part. So figure out what the right strategy is for you to be taken seriously. Be authentic, and get honest feedback so that you get the balance right along the way. [ applause ] thank you. I believe thats all we have time for today. So thank you again, chelsea, for taking the time to spend the afternoon with us. [ applause ] thank you, everyone. [ applause ] thank you. What a remarkable opportunity weve had to listen to chelsea clinton. So thank you so much for joining us. On newsmakers this weekend, the senator from wyoming is our guest. He talks about the obama administrations new proposals for cutting Carbon Emissions and the recent u. S. Taliban prisoner exchange. He also talking about how republicans might run the senate if they win a majority in september. The reason we are trying to focus on the speaker is because it is the speaker with the full majesty and weight of his position who yesterday made certain allegations, which at this point at least hes not yet answered to. Would you prefer i ill yield to you. Captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2008 captioning performed by vitac locating devices and tracking apps. On a bill a hearing to protect sensitive Location Information, a Privacy Protection act of 2014. Three years ago, i held a lawsng to look at how our were protecting Location Information generated by smart phones, cell phones, and tablets. The first group that i heard from was the Minnesota Coalition for battered women. They told me that across minnesota, victims were being followed through socalled appsng apps stalking specifically designed to help the stalkers track their victims. Let me read you some from their website. Here is one. It says, most of the time you think your spouse is being unfaithful to my youre right. Spyera will be your spy in their pocket. You will need to sneak your spouses phone and download it to their phone. After the software is downloaded, youll be able to see where they are geographically. If your husband is two counties over from where you live, spyera. L tell you that and of course, husband could be wife, or whatever you want to put in there. Flexis another one from spy. It gives you total control of your partners for without them knowing it. See exactly where they are, or were, at any given date and time. Here is another that has since been taken down. Worried about your spouse cheating . Track every text, every call, every move they make using our easy cell phone spy software. Onlinepps can be found in minutes and abusers find them and use them to stop stalk thousands of women across the country. Association for battered women cited a woman who was a victim of violence by one of these stocking apps stalking apps. She decided to get help and went to a county building. She got to the building and within five minutes she got a text from her abuser asking her why she was in the county building. , and son was terrified an advocate took her to a courthouse the courthouse to get a restraining order. As soon as she filed for the order, she got a second text from her abuser asking why she was at the county courthouse and whether she was getting a restraining order against him. They later figured out that she was being tracked through a appsing stalking through her phone. This is not just happen in minnesota. Nationally, it was found that 72 of Victim Services programs across the country had seen victims who were tracked through a stalking cap or standalone gps device. Objection, i will add to the record the accounts of a few other victims. Here is one from a victim in illinois. She was living in kansas with her abuser. She fled to elgin, illinois, a town three states away. She did not know the whole time her cell phone was transmitting her precise location to her abuser. Elginve the 700 miles to and tractor to a shelter and he tracked her to a shelter and assaulted her and tried to strangle her. Here is one from scottsdale, arizona. A woman and her husband were going through a divorce. Her husband tractor for over a month through her cell phone. Eventually, he he murdered their two children in a rage. These cases, the perpetrator was arrested because someone. Egal to stalk but it is not clearly illegal to market and to sell a stalking a pp. Nothing happened to the Companies Making money off of the stalking. Nothing happened to the stalking apps. My bill would shut down these apps once and for all those up it would clearly prohibit making, running, and selling apps and other devices designed to help stalkers track their victims. It would help Police Seized the money that is used by these companies to actually prevent stalking. My bill will prioritize grant to the organizations that train and raise awareness around these apps. And it will help the department of justice get up to speed on the latest statistics with stalking. That is a big deal because the latest statistics we have from the doj are from 2006. And at that point, they estimated over 25,000 people were being gps stalked annually, back in 2006. We know what Smart Phone Technology has done since then. Preventdoes not just victims of stalking. It prevents anyone who uses a smart phone or any mobile device connected to the internet. It makes sure that if a Company Wants to get your location or give it out to others, they need to get your permission first. I think that we all have a fundamental right to privacy, a right to control who gets your sensitive information, and with whom they share it. Someone who has the record of your location does not just know where you live, know where you were, where you drop your kids off at school, what church you attend, and what doctors you visit. Isation information extremely sensitive, but it is not being protected the way it should be. In 2010, the wall street journal found that half of the most popular apps were collecting their users Location Information and sending it to third parties, usually without permission. Since then, some of the most popular apps in the country have been found disclosing their users precise location to third parties without permission. And it is not just apps. The nissan lease on board commuter was found sending drivers locations to thirdparty onstaron store even after they canceled their service. They only stopped when i and other senators call them out on this. And a whole industry has grown up around tracking the movements of people going shopping without their permission, and sometimes when they do not even enter a store. The fact is, most of this is totally legal with only a few exceptions if a company gets your Location Information over the internet, then they are free to give it to almost anyone they want. My bill closes the loopholes. If a Company Wants to share your location, it has to get your permission first and put up a post online what the company is doing with your data. Once the company is tracking you, it has to be transparent or else has to send you a reminder that you are being tracked. Those requirements apply only to Company Getting your location of your device. All they have to do is put up a post explaining online what they are doing with their data. That is it. These rules are built on existing industry best practices , and they have exceptions for emergencies, theft prevention, and parents tracking their kids. The bill is backed by the leading antiDomestic Violence and consumer groups. Without objection, i will add letters for the record from the minnesota antidramatic views antidomestic abuse coalition, and other supporters of my bill. This bill is just common sense. Before i turn it over to my friend, the Ranking Member, i want to make one thing clear. Locationbased services are terrific. I use them all the time. When i drive across minnesota, they save time and money and they save lives. 99 of companies that get your Location Information are good, legitimate companies. I have already taken into account many of the industrys concerns i heard when we debated this bill in the last congress. I have cap liability. I have made complaints easier. And if folks still have issues with the bill, i want to address them. With that, i will turn it over to senator flank. But thank you, mr. Chairman. Thank you again to the witnesses for being here. I know you have busy schedules and i appreciate you doing this. I think we can all agree that stalking and Domestic Violence are serious concerns and that is why i was happy to support the reauthorization of the violence against women act. Today, like most of us that Domestic Violence and stalking our Serious Problems that need to be addressed. Im not away aware of any concerns that have been expressed about certain sections of the bill. Those that address the stalking the and those that address government to study gps stalking educate lawo enforcement about this problem. Having said that, there are sections of the bill that i think are still a bit concerning. The bill before us regulates the commercial rock commercial collection of geolocation and concerns have been raised about businesses that use geoLocation Information to provide consumers with services they now rely on. I would like to enter into the record now letters from the National Retail federation and the advertisement bureau if that is ok. But without objection. Without objection. In our effort to reject the privacy of effort to protect the privacy of americans, we have to make sure that we do not affect the economy in our over that. We want to make sure that we do not hamper develop and of new products and technologies. With that, i look forward to the witnesses. Thank you. Flake. K you, senator witnessespanel of have seated themselves. Thank you. B hansen is the principal director Deputy Director of the department of Justice Office on violence against women. Before joining the ob w, miss hansen was the director for services and chief officer for safer writing, a safe inizon, and she was raised st. Paul, minnesota. Jessica rich is the acting director of the girl of Consumer Protection. During her time, she has led major policy initiatives elated to Data Security and emerging technologies, and overseeing Enforcement Actions and developed significant ftc rules. She has also received the chairmans award in 2011 for her contributions to the ftcs mission. Mark goldstein is the director of physical infrastructure issues for the u. S. Government accountability office. He is a frequent witness for congress and served as senior staff member for the Senate Committee on homeland affairs. He testified about two different studies at gao conducted a at my the subject of Location Privacy. I would like to welcome you all. Thank you for appearing. Your written testimony will be made part of the record. You each have five minutes for anyone opening remarks you would like to make. We will start with miss hansen. Much and goodo afternoon, chairman franken, Ranking Member flake, and mentors of the committee. Thank you for the opportunity to andify regarding stalking location devices and privacy. I am the Deputy Director of the United States department of Justice Office on violence against women, or ob w. One key way that the department of justice has focused on strengthening the apartment of justices respond just ass response to violence against women, we have made significant strides in enhancing the response to stalking. Congress has been a Strong Partner with us to address this issue. Amended94, congress has to understand issues with this crime and broadening the stalking statute to protect victims of cyber stalking and enhancing penalties for repeat offenders. Recentst year in a most reauthorization, congress closed a loophole in a federal cyber stalking statute to permit federal prosecutors to pursue cases where the offender and the victim both lived in the same state. Congress also amended the jane cleary Campus Security act to require that universities report Crime Statistics on incidents of stalking. As you both know, stalking is a complex crime and continues to be misunderstood and very much underestimated. Incidents of stalking behavior when considered separately may seem relatively innocuous. However, stalking behavior tends to escalate over time and is often paired with or followed by Sexual Assault, physical abuse, or homicide, as chairman franken has pointed out. Feel isolated, vulnerable, and frightened, and tend to suffer from anxiety, depression, and insomnia. 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence survey, which was released by the cdc in late 2011 demonstrate the grave scope of this crime. Using a conservative definition of stalking, the survey found that 6. 6 Million People were in the prioralked 12 month time frame and found that one in six women and one and 19 men were stopped at some point in their lifetime. At some pointd in their lifetime. Thene can be a victim, but survey found that females were three times more likely to be victims than males and young adults had a higher correlation. There was also a nexus between stalking and partner abuse. The overwhelming geordie of victims for the overwhelming majority of victims, the stalker. S someone known to them and the report confirms that most stalking cases involve some form of technology. More than three quarters of the victims involved unwanted phone calls, voice, and Text Messages, and more than one third of the victims were watched, followed, or tracked with a listening or other kind of device. The report authors noted that their findings showed a higher percentage of findings than their previous studies and hypothesized that the increased could be due to technologies that made stalking easier. Technology provides tools for stalkers, for example, the rapid increase in the use of cell phones in recent years has created Malicious Software that when installed on mobile devices victimsem to track movements and medications without consent. They can read their Text Messages and emails, listen to their telephone calls, traced their movements, and turn on the microphone in their phone to record conversations occurring in the immediate surrounding area and all of this can be done remotely and surreptitiously. A recent study conducted by the National Network to end domestic thatnce further suggests Technology Enhanced stalking including on the use of mobile devices is neither novel nor rare. Services victims agencies that responded, 72 responded having victims that have been tracked using their cell phone or gps device. The finding from this visit or other surveys underscores how critical it is that professionals who work with stalking victims understand the dynamics of stalking, particularly how stalkers use ethnology. It is often a precursor to other forms of violence, because stalking can be challenges challenging for police and prosecutors and others to ensure the comprehensive services are available to victims. There are also a number of training and Technical Assistance projects that target the intersection of technology and the crime of stalking, Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, dating violence, and there is more information on that in my written testimony. Granteesome of our that will be talking in the second panel. I appreciate the opportunity to testify today and i look forward to continue being continuing to work with congress on these important issues. Thank you. Thank you, miss hansen. Miss rich . Good afternoon, chairman franken and Ranking Member flake. My name is jessica rich and im the director of the bureau of Consumer Protection at the ftc. I very much appreciate the opportunity to present the testimony on Consumer Protection involving geolocation and to offer some initial views on the draft of the Privacy Protection cap act. Protecting consumers privacy is a key focus of our effort and we commend the committee for focus on this issue. Products and services that use geolocation data make consumers lives easier and more efficient, as you noted, chairman franken. Get turn by turn directions to their destinations, find the closest bank might check the weather when they are traveling, among many other examples. At the same time, increasing collection, use, and disclosure of data present serious privacy concerns. For this reason, the commission considers precise geolocation data to be sensitive, warranting optin consent prior to collection from a consumers mobile device. Why is this data so sensitive . Canvices geolocation present a consumers movement in real time and overtime and involves intimate personal details about them, such as a doctors visit, how often they go , their place of worship, and when and what route theyre kids walk to school in the morning and return home in the afternoon. This data can be accessed and used in many ways consumers dont expect. For example, collected for stopping apps, sold to third parties for unverified uses, paired with other data to build a profile of consumer activities, or stolen by your by hackers. Actionmission has taken to protect this data through Law Enforcement and outreach efforts. Using its authority under the ftc act, the commission has brought cases against Companies Engaged in unfair and deceptive practices involving geolocation data. One example is a recent settlement with snap chat, the Development Developer of a popular mobile messaging app. In that case, the s the ftc alleged that in addition to photo and video messaging that would disappear, which was publicized most in that case, snap chat also collected entrance and the geolocation data from its cap i might even though from its privacy from its app, even though from its Privacy Policy it said it did not collect this information at all. In another case, this one involving a developer of a popular flashlight app, the ftc alleged that the developer would tell users it would collect diagnostic and Technical Information simply for product support, but failed to support that to disclose that it transmitted precise location and unique dice id to the ad networks. Finally, in a series of retailer andith a its affiliates, the ftc led investigation led to insulation of Software Installation of software on networks that could log keystrokes and use the users webcam, all unknown to the users. And there was Location Software on the rented computers without the users consent, and disclosing the location to rent to own stores was unfair and illegal. In addition to enforcement, the commission has also conducted studies, held workshops, and issued reports in this area. In 2012, the fcc ftc staff issued two reports regarding mobile apps for kids. The report showed that apps collected data from the kids devices, including unique device idea and geoLocation Information and shared it with 30 third parties, often unknown to parents. And we should a report providing specific recommendations for writing how all players providing for how all players in the ecosystem can and must ensure that consumers have timely and easy to understand disclosure information and choices about what data to allow to be collected and used. Turning to a discussion of the Location Privacy act, the commission very much support the goals of this bill, which seeks to improve the transparency and consumer control over the oflection and sensitive use geolocation data. Forward,wants to step notably providing clear and accurate consent before the information is collected. The bill contains civil and criminal consequences. Strong much support remedies for violations. However, as leading enforcement agency, we do recommend that the commission be given responsibility for enforcing the civil provisions of the bill. Thank you very much for this opportunity to provide information. The ftc is very committed to prove to protecting Consumer Privacy and we look forward to continuing to work with the committee on this issue. Thank you. I noted your recommendation and your written testimony just now. Mr. Goldstein. Thank you for the opportunity to be here. Smartphones and in car Navigation Systems give consumers access to locationbased services. He actually sounded very good. [laughter] im sorry you were interrupted. [laughter] canuestions about privacy arise as Companies Use or share consumer location data without their knowledge. Several agencies have responsibilities to address privacy issues, including the ftc. And the tia ntia, which advises the president. Companies use and sharing consumers location data, consumers Location Privacy risks, and actions taken by selected companies and federal agencies to protect privacy. 14 mobile Industry Companies and ,0 in car navigation providers including mobile carriers and auto manufacturers, collect location data and users share them. Applicationers and developers use location data to provide social Networking Services that are linked to locations. In Car Navigation Services use location data to provide services. Be used data can also and shared to enhance the functionality of services, such as search engines, to make search results more relevant. Consumers can benefit from locationbased services, their privacy may be at risk when Companies Collect and Share Location data. In both our reports, we found that when consumers are unaware ,hat location data is shared they may be unable to judge third parties. Can create detailed profiles of individual behavior, including habits, preferences, and roots traveled. Routes traveled. Consumers could be at higher risk of Identity Theft or threats to personal safety. Companies can anonymize location data they use or share by personally identifying information. However, in our 2013 report, in car navigation providers used different identification methods that may lead to varying levels of protection for consumers. Have notcompanies consistently implemented practices to protect consumer Location Privacy. The companies have taken some steps to align with practices. All of the companies we examined in both reports used privacy policies or other disclosures to inform consumers about the collection location data and other information. Companies did not consistently are clearly disclose to consumers what the companies do with the data or third parties. Leaving consumers unable to judge whether such uses of their location data might violate their privacy. Found the2 report, we agencies have taken steps to address privacy data through Educational Outreach events to protect Consumer Privacy. The department of commerce ntia has brought stakeholders together to develop codes of conduct. Making it unclear whether the effort would actually address Location Privacy. Issued guidance and 2013 to inform companies of the commissions views on the appropriate actions company should take to disclose privacy practice. They made recommendations to enhance Consumer Protections in 2012. Gao recommends that ntia recommend develop measures. Gao will continue to monitor this effort in the future. Goldstein. U, mr. Rich,ansen and this youre a miss rich, your agencies of already done important work. To challenge you to do more. I want to press you to investigate and shut down the alking apps. T they market themselves brazenly to stalkers. Theyre easily available on the internet. Give you more tools to go after these guys. Will you pledge to me today that you will use all of your existing tools to investigate and shut down these apps . [inaudible] yes. I will. Ithin my powers we do have a commission that does need to approve things. Apiecebring a key against a Similar Service called remote sky. Providing this very same type of service to spy on people and we obtained a strong order against the company and we can use similar tools to pursue these types of stalking apps. My role of the office of on violence against women, we are a grant funded organization, we really want to work with you to address these issues. This has been a big priority for the department. I would like to bring this back to those folks who do the prosecution. The computer crime and intellectual property section as well as the u. S. Attorneys office, who handles the criminal prosecutions. I will bring that back to them. Thank you. Or is bipartisan agreement on this there is bipartisan agreement on this. I want to ask each of you to do everything you can to shut them down. Some of the witnesses on our second panel urges to be cautious about legislating. Hey favor self regulation as part of your investigation, you looked at industry best practices. Not verythere were many rules in place and in many ways, this was still the wild west of the electronic era. Bestou find that industry practices for being implemented consistently and did you find that consumers were being given the information they needed to make choices about their privacy . Our reports clearly indicate that there is no comprehensive approach. Some companies do Pay Attention. Very consistently to the rules. And some do not. There is a Great Variety and not a lot of transparency. Those seem to be the two principal problems. There are quite a lot of problems still out there with the application of the rules. I see you are nodding, as ms. Ricj. H. Many Industry Groups say they have opt in as a best practice, but our enforcement more broadly in the related related to the collection of geoLocation Information, including the snapshot case, the Golden Shores case, our case against our survey of kids apps shows that this opt in standard is not being complied with in a regular basis. Ironicund the snapshot because the selling point was that once you post a video or a photo, it would disappear. We alleged that was not true, among other things. Ok. I am running out of my time. I will ask one more question of this item. We want to get to our other panel. Mr. Goldberg, in your testimony, you outline a series fs. Hat it i think we all understand the potential of this. It can be used to steal identity, monitor them without their knowledge. You also say that collection of data location data poses a threat. We all understand that. In your study, in your investigation, did you uncover examples of companies stealing customers identities or stocking them or criminals obtaining location data . We know the potential exists. Did you turn up any nefarious activity . We did not. It was a look at the kinds of issues that were out there. It was not really in the scope. You have mentioned a few of. Hem what has been out there in popular media that has caught your attention . How do you come onto these cases . We find cases in a variety of ways. We may be tipped off by an insider. We may be we may get referrals from businesses or consumer groups or cap people tech people. The question you just asked my colleague, one thing that our cases to show is that companies, even flashlights, are collecting this data. And then they are sharing it. It is being collected and used in given what it can show terms of consumers private activities, that raises concerns. I think we all recognize that people use it for advertising and some of them are not disclosing. See criminals using it for examples ofre that in a criminal way question mark we have seen some of the in a criminal way . We have seen the stalking and we want to make sure we crack down on that. I am wondering in the studies if we have seen that actually occurring. I think the stalking apps are the clearest example of the harm that it can do. But we want to make sure we do not stifle any development of new technologies and positive uses of this geoLocation Information. The department of Justice Works with Law Enforcement agencies and thehe Country Wireless industry to issue amber alerts. Distribution of easy amber alert. Of these amber alerts. Alerts fall within one of the exceptions to the bill . Amber alert have been important identifying missing children. I think we need to look at this issue more broadly and i can bring that back to the department to take a look at it through our office and the office on violence against women. We have seen and you will hear testimony from folks on the second panel if you look at ,he cases of cyber stalking when you look at it from the perspective of the victims of Domestic Violence, we do have a large number of victims who said they have been tracked. , they havee reported been tracked by gps through cell phone or gps. Those are important issues we need to look at. Some people have talked about and some are on programs that would send in amber alert to a specific location if a child was lost in a mall. You do not view the amber alert at that point because there are certain thresholds and standards for which those are issued. It could be confined to a specific location. If theiously, geoLocation Information of individuals in that mall, they would not have consented to receive the amber alert. ,hey would not have opted in but would this be an exception . How do we work with exceptions like that . Useful information could go out. Does that make sense . Im sorry. It is not the area i work in so what i would like to do is bring that back to other folks in the department and get back to you on that. Ok. Alert in Section Three of the bill, we put in ,xceptions and any emergency allowing a parent or legal guardian to locate a minor or child, fire, medical, public safety, or other emergency services. This is specifically in the bill. Mr. Atkinson in the second panel will note that there are certain programs like circle of six, siren seven, these allow women to share their precise geolocation with friends who are in an unsafe situation. Women. An be used to help we want to make sure we do not do something that would prohibit those kinds of uses. That is a little fuzzier than amber alert. Maybe the second panel can shed some light on that. Thank you. Senator blumenthal has joined us. Thank you for having this hearing and for your instrumental work on a lot of this legislation. Thanks to this excellent panel you for your thank work on Sexual Assault in campuses. The president s great work on this issue. Thanks to the wonderful staff. I wonder if you could talk a little bit about what additional steps colleges and universities ought to be taking with respect to cyber stalking and the relationship or the intersection of cyber stalking with campus Sexual Assault. In connecticut, more than 50,000 alked every are stocke year and a lot of it occurs on campuses. I found that College Administrators and officials often were not as focused as they should be on this issue. Availablelogy that is to enable it. Perhaps if you could talk a little bit about that issue. Blumenthal, thank you for your work on addressing campus Sexual Assault in the report you put together as a result of all of the hearings you did in connecticut. The nexus between cap this Sexual Assault between campus and Sexual Assault is important. If you look at the use of cell phones and smartphones phones, especially among the College Campus students. Being donerk that is and there is more work we need to do in terms of looking at prevention messages and incorporating issues of stalking and cyber stalking. We know often that it is not something that occurs by itself, but often escalates over time and it is it can be a precursor to crimes like Sexual Assault or homicide. I agree with you on your point train and talkto to administrators about it. A lot of a lot of our knowledge among the students than there are among the thester enters administrators about the training that is needed to look at cyber stalking and those connections. We are more than happy to work with you and the rest of the committee if there are ways we can make those efforts even stronger. Technology has huge promise and tremendous peril. Awareness of the peril is sometimes difficult among young people who think of themselves as an danceable. As invincible. Because of that delusion, they may be the most vulnerable. The most vulnerable to their friends, who seemingly want to befriend or support them and uses technology to put them in great peril. Thank you for your focus. Richld like to ask ms. Whether you believe you can take action against some of the makers, manufacturers, who may be knowingly or unknowingly promoting misuse or abuse of this technology. To date, we have taken action. We did take action and litigated a case against a promoter of spyware that specifically sold it so that you could capture the movements of somebody secretly. We did that under our existing authority. We brought several cases against that shared geolocation without consent or notice to consumers. We do have authority, but we need to prove deception or unfairness. Requirementssent with exceptions for legitimate lawthat are in the proposed would make it easier for us to enforce. You would welcome this additional measure . We very much support the goals and the basic provisions of the bill, yes. Do you plan to have roundtables or workshops or other means of introducing awareness on students and others . We recently had a seminar on mall tracking, which is not about stalking, but it is about the use of gps to track consumers movements in stores and i think that raised awareness about the use of geolocation and we will be issuing a report on that and we will be we continue to have workshops and seminars on Consumer Protection issues like these. Chairman. Ou, mr. Im going to ask one short question. The latest statistics we have on the prevalence of gps stalking are from a 2006 study conducted by the department. Back then, 25,000 people a year were victims of gps stalking. That was 2006 before the explosion of smartphones. The mass majority the vast majority of adults own smartphones. That rates of gps stalking must have increased. Meantime, will the doj update statistics on gps stalking as soon as possible . If there are barriers, would you tell me what they are . . This was a onetime supplement that we put out in 2006 that was funded by the office on violence against women. Since then, the National Survey 2011 and the National Institute of justice has been working with the cdc on that. There are questions about stalking and what i would like to do is to go back and talk to that toke sure identify any additional questions that would be helpful , just so that we are not duplicating anything. I would be happy to look into that and get back to you. Thank you very much. I have some questions i will submit to you for the written record, but i would like to thank all three of you for your testimony and invite our second panel. All right, thank you. I would like to start by introducing our panel. Served in the Sheriffs Office since 2000 and has been a detective since 2000 and eight. 2008. Detective hill is an expert in Digital Forensics and has trained over 3000 Law Enforcement officers, prosecutors, judges, and others across minnesota on the use of technology to facilitate stalking. He was trained by the Minnesota Bureau of criminal apprehension, the fbi, and the secret service. He served our country as a member of the air force reserves. Serviceteful for your at home and abroad. I am proud to have you here. We have the executive director of the Digital Advertising alliance. He leads the effort on selfregulation, consumer transparency, and consumer choice. Certifieda is a privacy official and has served as the chief privacy officer for a range of organizations. Allie greenberg is the executive director of the National Consumer league Sally Greenberg is the executive director of the National Consumer league. She worked at the u. S. Department of justice and the antidefamation league. She was also born and raised in minnesota and is a graduate of southwest high school, close to where i grew up. Dr. Robert atkinson is the founder and president of the Information Technology innovation foundation. He holds a phd in city and Regional Planning from unc chapel hill. He is a published author on economics and technology policy. President of the policy institute and direct their of their new Technology Director of there new technology project. Cindy southworth is the Vice President of development and innovation at the National Network to end Domestic Violence and founder of of the safety net project. She is one of the nations leading experts on stalking apps and has trained thousands of people on the use of technology to facilitate stalking. Thank you to all of you for joining us. Your complete written testimony will be made part of the record. I will note for the record that withy dont we start detective hill . You have five minutes for any opening remarks you would like to make. Member, and ranking distinguished members of the subcommittee, my name is brian hill and i thank you for the opportunity to appear before the subcommittee to testify about Law Enforcement support of the location Privacy Protection act of 2014. Since 2008, ive been a detective with the criminal Investigations Division in minnesota. I am a computer or mobile device forensic examiner investigator. The written testimony i submitted details my trainings, certifications, and professional association memberships. Imagine the trauma of surviving sexual and Domestic Violence. Now add cyber stalking to the trauma. As we all increasingly use our cell phones to work, bank, text, access the internet, or email, and pay bills, stalking apps are a tool to isolate victims from the functions and social connections their phones provide. Including isolating them from contacting Domestic Violence advocates or Law Enforcement. Victims must buy new phones, create new email accounts, and change all passwords and security questions. There are never any guarantees. Victims live with the frightening uncertainty of whether the self stalking apps are really gone or if they will reappear after removal. The privacy and peace of mind continue to be violated by this uncertainty long after they have bought new phones. Victimworked with the who is suspected that her estranged boyfriend put spyware on her phone. Privateed he knew about phone conversations and Text Messages. He would show up randomly where she was. Cannot get a full data extraction to determine if there was any spyware. Later, she brought in her computer. There was then prove the program was installed on her phone. I worked with her on the expensive and complicated task of getting a new phone and email account on a safe computer. Proliferation of cheaper stalking apps have made these harrowing experience is more and more common. In the last three years, our mobile forensic exams have increased exponentially at 220 in three years. After seven years of experience, i continue to discover new apps. Our office is investigating an attempted murder in the context of Domestic Violence. We discovered spyware running in stealth mode on the mobile device. It advertises itself as a seven dollar per rental Monitoring Software which can be installed on smartphones phones to text toessages, called, and track Text Messages, calls, or any data. They notice patterns that the abusers knowledge about the victims life and whereabouts when the abuser has no way of knowing. My department deals with only felony cases, stalking apps are frequently used in misdemeanor Domestic Violence cases. It is laborintensive and requires expensive specialized equipment. Most Law Enforcement agencies however do not have