We are marking the 40th anniversary of the 1976 release of the Church Committee arnold report, which extended portions of the hearings and investigated cia, fbi and nsa intelligence activities. Here is a preview from this weekends program. We have a particular obligation to examine the nsa. In light of its tremendous potential or abuse. Capacity to monitor private conversations of american citizens without a bug or a tap. The interception of International Signals of the job of nsa, and thanks to modern Technological Developments it does its job very well. The danger lies in the ability of the nsa to turn its Awesome Technology against domestic indications. 40yearold video of the Church Committees work. Immediately to his right is then whoearold Fritz Schwartz is joining us throughout the series. Today in the wake of 9 11, the nsa is something of a household word from anybody that follows the news. How wellknown was the agency in 1975 . Hardly at all. The nsa the joke was the nsa stood for no such agency. It was not meant to be discussed at all and it was not generally. Nsaave the hearings on the was one of the most hardfought issues in the committee. It was a close vote and not at all on partisan lines about whether we should or should not have a public hearing. We decided to have a public hearing. I remember speaking to the general counsel of the nsa loan began when we began getting information and indicating we needed more information. The constitution does not apply to the National Security agency. That was an interesting idea. The constitution did not apply to a whole agency. I think i know what was in the back of his mind. That the work was meant to be mostly it was meant to be foreign. They were meant to be doing things overseas. Largely. Was, ofnder to him course the constitution applies to the nsa when you are doing things that affect americans and affect americans within america. With respect to domestic communications, is there a statute that prohibits your interception thereof or is it really a matter of internal executive branch directives . They understanding is that National SecurityCouncil Director defines our activities to foreign communications. Adopted a definition for foreign to medication for the Communications Act of 1934. I think that is you areelieve consistent with the statutes but there are no sexy separate the major interception domestic medications . The importancem of the secret Security Agency . How to make sure they dont go beyond their writ, and how to ensure that the rights of americans are protected in a world in which there is danger. And the agencies that are necessity secrets, but also because they are secret are potentially dangerous to the rights of americans into the wellbeing of the united states. Watch more of the Church Committees investigation into government intelligence activities saturday night at 10 00 p. M. And sunday at 4 00 p. M. Eastern here on American History tv on cspan 3. Q a, the u. S. Senate historian talks about various event in Senate History and the Worker Office does. I came in june of 1998 as a newly minted senate historian. My colleagues said to me it will be nice and quiet. We have an election coming up. You have time to settle in and reading get comfortable with your job. Within a few weeks the house decided to impeach bill clinton. We got very busy very quickly. And had to do a good deal of research on the impeachment trials. We have not had a president ial impeachment since 1868. The Senate Leaders at that time really wanted to follow the historical precedent as much as they could. Andonight at 8 00 eastern civic on cspans q a. This year, cspan is touring cities across the country exploring American History. Next, a look at our recent visit to hattiesburg, mississippi. You are watching American History tv, all weekend, every weekend on cspan 3. We are here in hattiesburg, mississippi, in st. Paul United Methodist church. It is important because we were very active during the civil rights days it was home of Freedom School during 1964. We are going downstairs to our fellowship hall. This is where we were. We were all here, and our teachers were. We spread out into small groups around the room. If youll notice here is a class, where one of our teachers was working with us. That is me with my head turned. On any day, 20 or 30 children were here at this location. There were six locations in 1964. Here at st. Pauls, these are some of the original chairs that we sat in as students. For church, during the summer we would have vacation bible school, but this is different. We were not focusing on just churchrelated activities. It was a lot different. Freedom school lasted the summer of 1964. It was a plan to get africanamericans to register to vote. Part of the freedom summer, the component was to establish a school where children would be involved in this initiative as well. That is how Freedom School evolved. In hattiesburg, mississippi in it was a time of 1964,change in excitement. There were students here, white students from the north who they were here to help the residents, africanamerican residents register to vote. There were meetings in various churches, preparing the residence and informing them of their Political Rights and getting ready to register to vote. It was also a time where the students and children were recruited in this. For the first time, children whiteble to interact with young people who had attended allblack schools prior to this time, and didnt have the opportunity to interact with other races. I really did not know what to expect. My mother, who was a domestic, was very adamant that i was going to attend this school. I did not know what to expect. Once i was here, i really enjoyed it. It was a time where we were exposed to subjects, not just the basics like reading, writing and math but we were taught , black history. We were shown books where we were in the books. In our schools, we didnt have books. Probably we had a book with George Washington carver, but we had books that taught us black history. We were exposed to literature and poetry. Not just choral music but music where we were taught how to play the guitar. We were taught freedom songs. We had choir. And for me probably the most significant thing was being exposed to the oratorical content. Students from other churches were brought here. We would have oratorical contest. We were taught the skills of debate and speech. That was a first for us. It opened our eyes to a world beyond hattiesburg, mississippi and what we were getting at school and exposed to other things. But there was also a time where during Freedom School we were taught that there is some danger that you could be up exposed to during that time. We were taught survival skills. What to say in what to do if you were approached by the people. How to react and what to say if someone comes to your house. We knew there was a danger element as well. After the summer of 1964, most of the volunteers left, but the ideas in the subjects and activities that we were involved in ignited innocent desire to become communityinvolved and to make sure that the ideas were around in the future. For me, it shaped my future and how i thought about mississippi, the nation and the world as a whole and us as africanamerican people and our rights in this country. Our cities tour staff recently traveled to hattiesburg, mississippi to learn about its rich history. Learn more about hattiesburg and other stops on the tour at cspan. Org citiestour. Youre watching American History tv. All weekend, every weekend on cspan 3. In addition to the graduating iasses all over gods planet, wish you would graduate into a world of peace, light and love. But that is not the case. Will we dont live in a fairytale. But i guess the 1 does. Watch commitment speeches in their entirety, offering advice and encouragement to the graduating class of 2016 from Business Leaders like Michael Powell at pepperdine university, Larry Ellison at the university of southern california, and maria interest, administrator of the Small Business administration at whittier college. You can count on yourself. What makes you special . What distinguishes you from others . In business week your unique value proposition. Figuring out yours is key. Politicians. Senator Jeff Sessions at the university of alabama in huntsville, Barbara Boxer at the university of california berkeley, and governor mike pence at indiana wesleyan university. To be strong and to be courageous, and to learn to stand for who you are what you believe. Its a way you have changed here. And will carry into the balance of your life. And white house officials. Vice President Joe Biden at the university of notre dame, attorney general Loretta Lynch at spelman college, and president barack obama at rutgers university. Is it any wonder im optimistic . Throughout our history, a new generation of americans has reached up and bent the arc of history at the direction of more freedom and more opportunity and more justice. Class of 2016, it is your turn now to shape our nations s e as well destiny as well as your own, so get to work. Commencement speeches. At noon eastern on cspan. History professor Kevin Schultz discusses how the left wing and right wing in the 1960s were influenced by 2 friends from opposite ends of the political spectrum, conservative William Buckley and liberal norman mailer. Throughout the 1960s, in public and in their writings, they debated americas political affairs, including vietnam, civil rights, and of the cold war. Scholz describes their political differences and Close Relationships in his book, buckley and mailer the difficult friendship that shaped the 1960s. This is part of a day long summit at grand valley state in, grand rapids michigan. Good morning everyone. I am Program Manager of the Common Ground initiative. I am pleased to usher in our first sessiod