Transcripts For CSPAN3 Constantino Brumidi And Justin Morrill 20151018

Good afternoon, everyone. I would like to start todays final luncheon of the season. My name is william. I would like to welcome you on behalf of my colleagues and the rest of the u. S. Capital Historical Society. Our speaker today is barbara wolanin. At this point, people usually by sayingthe guests the person needs no introduction. And i will be introducing her, but truly, no one deserves that kind of honor more than barbara. She has been a good friend or everyone who cares about the everyone who cares about the u. S. Capital. Capitol. Her background is from harvard lend harvard and the university of wisconsin madison, all these wonderful academic institutions. For the last 30 years, she has been good friends to anyone who needs to know almost anything about the u. S. Capitol and its art. I would like to introduce barbara wolanin. [applause] ms. Wolanin thank you, chuck. Part of my job has been liaison with the capitol Historical Society, and one of the things im really proud of is the Fellowship Program we have collaborated out since 1986, which has been a way to encourage research. People do not know about that. So, during my many years researching brumidi, the constantine of brumidi, the only documented friendship that i found with him and a member of congress is the one with Justin Morrill. And when i was working on the book years ago, someone from the Justin Morrill homestead came and told me about paintings that Justin Morrill had that were by brumidi. For many years, i had wanted to go there and see them. When i got an invitation just because the homestead, i was glad to do that because i finally got to see them. But i ended up finding some additional paintings that i didnt know about that im really exciting about and wanted to share with you, and also developed some new insights about the relationship and the importance of that friendship between the artist and the senator. Brumidi and morrill were born far apart, totally different places. Of course, premeeting in rome, and just and moral in a tiny little town of stratford in vermont. Today, it only has 1000 residents in it. I think probably morrill was baptized in this church. And brumidi was baptized in a church in that picture there in rome. But they were basically of the same generation. Brumidi born in 1805 and morrill in 1810. And neither was born into wealth. Brumidis parents ran a coffee shop. And moral morrills father was a blacksmith. Brumidi, as many of you may know, studied from age 13 at the academy of saint luke in rome, which was the big academic art right in thewas period of the bible, the neoclassical so the teachers and the leaders of the school were very prominent. And he learned by copying the sculptures, i copying the paintings that he learned about by copying the paintings that he learned about. And he later said that he studied for 14 years. He learned all the different techniques, including the fresco of the renaissance. In just a wide range of techniques. Thence commissioned from richest family in rome, and also worked for the vatican. I will show you in a minute the portrait of the pope. He was considered one of the best pages of his generation by the time he was about 40. Iorrills formal education dont have good pictures of this but it was very truncated. He attended the Common Schools for elementary school, and he went to academies on a high school level. He really wanted to go to college, but he added money. So at the age of 15, he left school and he started working. Then he started owning stores. Then he started making investments and things like banks, railroads, real estate. By age 38, he was wealthy enough that he could retire to the life of a country gentleman. In he was really interested expanding his knowledge in literature and history, and very interested in innovative techniques of agriculture, farming, gardening, all kinds of things that people today are interested in. He was very early on that kind of thing. And he spent a lot of time designing and having built his house, which is still the Justin Smith Morrill homestead still preserved in vermont. It is the gothic revival style, as you can see. It was wood, but it was painted to look like stone. I didnt think that pink was really a stone color but it was supposed to look like stone. And then later he enlarged it. And started building his library , and eventually his art collection. And here is a few of the interior photos today. What is interesting about the homestead is that i will tell you about his house and washington, but a lot of the furniture from the house in washington when that house was torn down was moved up to vermont. So there are all kinds of wonderful things that have been preserved that morrill owned. Sot so, lets see both he and brumidi were bright, working hard, doing great things. This was a dragnet morrill did of his garden a drawing that morrill did of his garden. A lot of that is still preserved where you can see it today. And this is just one case of many, many cases. A lot of his books are still there. I think when he did the addition on his house after he had been in congress, he put a stain glass window in this house, really beautiful to see. So brumidi at the same time wasnt doing so well because in 1849, he got involved in the republican revolution in rome. He had been sort of elected a captain of the guard, and when the republic was declared, the pope left the city, brumidi got involved trying to basically, i think, [indiscernible] but after pope highs the ninth, the pope came back into power, everybody from the revolution got imprisoned and put on trial. Brumidi was in prison for over a year. And he was saying he was going to go to america. Finally, the pope pardoned him. So he avoided the 18 year sentence in prison. But interestingly, he came to the United States in 1852, and started getting private and, like,s and massachusetts and new york. This one painting on the bottom has been donated. Finally, he would eventually get to the capitol. Interestingly, almost right at the same time that justin moral came because he had been doing camehis Justin Morrill because he had been doing all this business. He was on a local level and the state level, then he got to the national delegation, then he won a seat in congress in 1980 1854. And per meeting just came and brumidi came in december 1854 and started working on his first work. Brumidis first the house for agriculture committee. I havent seen any documents, but im sure that morrill would have known that. The whole room was covered in fresco and classical subjects. Of course, he was interested in agriculture as well. So brumidi and of course, the ceiling was the four seasons, which is something i could imagine morrill would in my. He then moved over to the senate side, and i assume that morrill went over there and looked at that could it was painted that. It was painted for the Senate Naval Affairs committee. In the pompeii in style. One of the hallmarks of the pompeiian style is [indiscernible] when i went into the morrill homestead house, morrill had a prince of one of the floating maidens on his wall. So when i release all was that morrills aesthetic was very much in line with brumidis training. The style, the subjects all going back to ancient rhone and the renaissance. So they would have had a lot in common that way. Morrill would have been one of the cap one of the people at when it cap been complaining about her meaty. He would have enjoyed it. And when the house moved from what is now the hall to its new 1857, brumidi had a fresco in the corner, so just and moral would have, Justin Morrill would have, of course, seen that. He had just become an american citizen and morrill would have sat at one of these desks. Then, interestingly, it was fundus see, but when they stopped using the beautiful chairs, the auction them off. So they are now [indiscernible] they have been donated back or purchased back. Morrills is there in the homestead in vermont now, which is great. Corridorll brumidi would have been pointed right at that same time. The walls and ceilings were all being painted. I can imagine Justin Morrill would have been interested. All the different designs there. You could spend hours and hours looking at every detail. Beautifully restored now by Christie Cunningham adams, who is here in the audience if you dont know her. And some of peoples favorite panels are the panels with the squirrels that are so much fun to look at. And they are based all of the corridors are based on the vatican. Brumidi would have known when he was in rome. So i really big surprise for me was to go into the house and find these 2 little square panels on plaster, they look like painted in oil paint, with chipmunks on them. They seem so much related to the brumidi corridor design. And i dont know. There is still a mystery. Did he pay to those for his assistant to show what he wanted . Theyd he paints them later for Justin Morrill, who wanted to have something did he paint them later for Justin Morrill, who wanted to have something to decorate his house . I dont know. They look so similar, but i only found two. Christie may know more. They are not exactly the same, but a similar idea. And then there was one more panel that was a little cherub. Again, very much like brumidi painted all of us so many places. Again on plastic. A square plastic on a. Plaster panel. I did not find it exactly identical in the corridors. But i think originally painted by brumidi. They are not in my book. I didnt know about them at the time. Another artist that brumidi admired so much was rough and. And he that the ceiling in the president s room based on rough ales rafaels [indiscernible] at the bottom is Justin Morrill s print. Again, they were very, very you know in line, in sympathy with what they loved in terms of art and the symbolism. So, as i think a lot of you know, one of the big things that Justin Morrill as a congressman did as a congressman was introduced the landgrant colleges. He hadnt gotten to go to college, but he wanted to make sure that farmers and artists and all cans of people who didnt have a lot of money had a chance to go study. Kinds of people who didnt have a lot of money had a chance to go study. Inhe really was a promoter his self education, as well as other people. Thing he did when he was a member of the house that he is known for is National Statuary hall. Developas starting to his own appreciation for art. And he introduced the legislation in 1864. He is always giving credit for it. I dont know that he really gets the credit because people have been talking about this idea for a number of years. They talked about putting paintings. There is not a lot of all space, so the idea of statues and busts make more sense. But before the legislation was introduced, a vermont newspaper described the space that was just a thoroughfare between the new wing and the rotunda. The old hall of the house is now a barn like storeroom for invalid furniture, where a great business carries out highs and limited for the pies and lemonade before the crowd. A lot of people are concerned about this. And so when morrill introduced the legislation, he had asked, to what end more useful or more grand, and at the same time simple and inexpensive, can we devote to the chamber than two or gained that shall be set apart then shall be ordained that shall be set apart that eat state shall be deserving of in this lasting commemoration . And so it became law in july 1864. The states are replacing their statues. It wasnt as totally lasting as he had envisioned. To me, it is quite remarkable to think that this legislation passed while the civil war was still going on. A sign of hope and if the future of the country. And another little tidbit was i found this photograph of one of the early statutes statues donated to the collection. He had that in his home. Goes to a newl phase of his career because he was elected to the senate in 1866. Started sending in 18 serving and 1867. And he served until he died. Years inrved 44 congress, the longest of anyone at that time. He was representing the whole state, not just a little district. And he expanded his knowledge of the world by going to europe, finally, for the first time. He had already gotten interested in collecting art. He had a friend that was a minister to rome. A lot of the art you still see in the homestead would be some of that. And then he had another sculptor friend helping him acquire paints prince and paintings. Prints and paintings. And when he got into the senate one thing i dont know is what morrill thought about [indiscernible] when it was unveiled in the beginning of 1866. He wouldve been in the house and seen it. The photographs i am sure you are both taken by matthew grady. I can imagine it must have really impressed him. Brumidis work. When morrill was a senator, the beautiful room that we now call the lyndon b. Johnson room was actually the senate post office. So morrill would have gone in there, picked up his mail, and seen more of brumidis frescoes. Brumidi had started adding things also to the Senate Reception room in the late 1860s or early 1870s. So there were a lot of blank areas in the capitol that brumidi had started painting. When the construction money moved out, he stopped. And there were a lot of blank areas. And there are still some in the capitol that are blank today. One of the ones that were really theresting, which was Senate Military Affairs Committee in 1858, brumidi had done two of the frescoes there. The beautiful sketches are on view today in the brumidi corridor. And he plans them all out for a revolutionary battle scene. The committee wanted to use the room, so he stopped. He got back in 1871 and did the last three to vignettes. The thing i was most excited about in New Hampshire was finding these watercolor sketches. I had never seen anything like this. They are framed, about this big kid small, about this big. Small, wonderful details. These are the ones who got approved for the vignettes. This is the one he changed from the battle scene two the boston to the boston massacre, and put in the centerpiece the africanamerican hero. I, again, wonder, speculate if Justin Morrill has anything to do with this. Anyway, very interesting to see. Then there is a second one, a valley forge seen scene. Again, very much exactly the study. Definitely this is what it is. These werent there when i did the brumidi book, and i realized why that Justin Morrill had married. His wife was kind of an invalid. And her sister had moved in with them to help take care of the children. And after he died, his wife died. She was the one that kept hold of everything and really valued and treasured, kept the house together for a long time. And in her will, she mentioned three sketches. These are two of them. And after she died, they didnt have a name on them or anything. Someone else in the family got them, and now the homestead was able to buy them back. That is where they belong. Was inf course, morrill washington a lot more. He was pretty sure he was going to keep getting reelected to the senate, so he built a house in 1872 on thomas circle. It is not there anymore because it was torn down in the 1960s probably, but it was all photographed. The interiors were photographed. So, the other interesting thing is morrill was friends with the architect of the capitol, edward clark. Clark had been an assistant to [indiscernible] and he took over after walter left in 1865. In 1867, they created the actual title of the architect of the capitol, which is how we have it today. So it was supposedly built under the direction of master clark. I was kind of imagining that edward clark designed it, but they actually have the drawings for the house at the homestead and you can see they dont have clarks name on there. But i think that here is the architect of the capitol. He is doing a favor for the senator to make sure everything is being built correctly. Right on the circle, very prominent view. Apparently they had a very lively social life. Birthday everys year, they had a big party. And one of the biographers there is really no recent biography of Justin Morrill. He really deserves one. Said that the heart of the home was the library, where among his books, the senator did much of his later work. He had the desk and chair from the House Chamber in their. There. And all his travels and pictures and so forth, of which he was so proud. Here is another room in the house. And in this case, this is really important because he had brumidi decorate the ceilings. So brumidi did all the sort of classical looking things around the ceiling. Then he did four portraits that were painted on oil on canvas, which meant that when the house was torn down, they were able to preserve them. So, here is what they look like today. They are in the library that morrills sisterinlaw built for the town. Very hard to photograph, but some of his other collection is there, too. And here are the four portraits he did. You can see charles dickens, longfellow, hawthorne, and then prescott. Somethingprescott is a lot of us studied today, but he was a very prominent historian, particularly known for books that he did on the spanish colonies on mexico, multi volume books on mexico and peru, other things like that. And somebody i think that morrill admired. And i think brumidi must have known about because of some of the subjects in his frescoes. The found of this for me. I didnt see any books by prescott, but he found them. A number of prescott books were in the inventory. Another book that had an image of prescott. And with the person told me was that he had no tin the book. He was really reading them and thinking about making comments in the book. Showing his deep interest in history. Lets see, where am i now . Ok. This point, he also at one point wrote in a letter to edward clark, if brumidi can finish the dining room, he talked about doing more work, the only one we know about is this portrait. So brumidi at this point was working at the capital sporadically, everyones in a while they got enough money for him to do another vignettes. Of course, Justin Morrill is giving him some work in his house, which im sure was helpful. Brumidi should have been rich at this time because he had this huge commission for 40,000. He got it all, all but 500 was paid to him. Checks of 2000, which was as much as he earned in a year. But at the end of his life, he wrote to edward clark and said, you know, i really poor, desperate for money. When i had money, i didnt save it. In the 1870s, there were big, huge economic crashes, and i think walter, who is also a friend of brumidis, lost a lot of money. Maybe a bank closed, we dont know. But at the end of his life, he was living in a house that his exwife owned. And congress had to give money to help bury him. I think Justin Morrill was aware of that. Lets see. Sorry, i cant see very well. Ok. So, here is one of the ones about the house. I expected to have returned in time to see you on saturday, he is writing to brumidi. I am so pleased with what i have had that more seems unnecessarily possible. So, he is thinking about giving brumidi more work. Brumidi saved these letters, and they were passed down in his family papers that were eventually given to the senate. So the senate Curators Office has the originals of these letters. And here is the library that was mentioned, with all of his books and portrait. And this portrait, i believe, is one that is done by [indiscernible] and these are some of the other paintings that he had in his house. If you notice, look at the landscape on the left there, and you can see that it is still hanging on the left there in the library in vermont. Again, very much in line with what brumidi was trained in doing in rome. On one of the rooms the rest of that letter i think i didnt read. He was going to give him some print to use for portraits and he says, well, you might also want to include clark. I think you probably meant edward clark, the architect. And brumidi did paint edward clark, and it is hanging up in the architects office, but also there is a portrait in the library that people said they werent sure if this was one by brumidi or not. The will was not very clear, the documentation was not really clear. But i think it was. Just the way he handled the light, the surfaces, and the details, im sure it must be brumidi. The other thing is that morrill looks pretty young, which means brumidi may have known him maybe even when he was a representative. We dont know. A beautiful portrait. And then the senate has a portrait of morrill that morrill owned, and he had one that was painted for the Cornell University by johnson, and morrill liked it so much that he had another version done. So, that is here on capitol hill. So, some of the areas where there were lots of unpainted areas were in the morrill corridors. All of of the walls and ceilings were painted with all of these amazing wonderful details in the late 1850s. Never been hired or allowed to paint over them, they would just have been blank. Getting73 he started commissioned to start paying he didnd we know that not have assistant at that point and they are done all except for one in true fresco. That he had worked with captain may very closely on all of the subjects and designs for his frescoes and murals in the capital. If he it makes me wonder had someone to talk things over with. Orrill had said they like to talk about books, they like to talk about history and literature. Arrived ien the books disposed of them as he requested. He was ordering books trying to show thanks to him for so i think he may have had some impact on him. He was the painter, the artist of the capital, but he was known for his intellect, and one newspaper article described him as a man of cultivated taste and wide reading, especially fond of the classical poets, conversant with the works of historical art. He was fond of shakespeare and dante. To praise them would always arise his in arouse his enthusiasm and interest. You can imagine the two men enjoyed talking to each other. Knew that brumidi read about the fall of rome and things like that. And americanft historian had written a 10 volume history of the american revolution. To be with. Also fun he was cordial and convivial. He had a good sense of humor. He liked wine and women. He would have been fun to be with. Not the first ones that we know of that he did, and all of the subject had to do with the subject of a committee that was meeting behind a door, over the doorways. And of course now meetcommittees work there. Another thing i was really excited about in vermont is they have a painting in the library, of thisk and dirty french art, a portrait of Benjamin Franklin. I was excited because when we were restoring the Benjamin Franklin fresco that was badly damaged we knew we could tell that it was a copy, and we used some of that, but now i am really pretty sure that this would have been an oil study did. Brumidi a lot of times he would copy the portrait before he did it in fresco. One when had had this we were doing this conservation. The conservator used a photograph. Tended to paint a little bit more broadly and freely. But one of the big things that happened between morrill brumidi this is reallyd kind of touching, on november 30 brumidi wrote to edward clark and said that Justin Morrill had visited him at the hospital on thinks giving day. That shows really a Close Friendship. Thanksgiving day i received the kindness of morrill. That occasion i give to him information of the time i was working in the capital. My daily wages and i was also retained by the chairman at the time of the war. Is is what amy and christie have talked about in their earlier lectures, those landscape antics. He also made love for edward clark which we have in our archives. In the letter he said, mr. Wouldl told me that i have work at the capital after the recession of the congress, but about my proposition he could not tell me anything clever but that he would take the matter under consideration, and he asked me what would be my demand about wages. I replied that before the war i had 10 in gold that was a sufficient wage, as i hope to obtain the same consideration. He is basically saying he needs work, he is going to ask for the same rate that he did earlier. Was onse Justin Morrill important committees, like the committee of ways and means, all kinds of things where his interest could have really made a difference. In the letter, some of the things he wrote, and i actually ate some copies of a transcript, it is really the only time that brumidi spoke out about his history. I think that Justin Morrill would have somewhat encouraged him to do that. Why dont you write this out, tell your background. Edward clark probably would have known that but it kind of bolstered his case for getting more work. War someafter the paintings were completed under the orders of secretary of the , executed by contract under the control of the architect of the capitol. After many long interruptions occurred and much valuable time was lost it was available for appropriations. A similar theme to today. Remain, whichs sooner or later must be completed. Friezeat large freeze in the rotunda, intended to represent the history of the country. It was completely blank. Promptlyt brumidi proposes to proceed with the work on this economical system of daily wages. This was written november 30, 1874. Work thatat all the brumidi did at the end of his life probably had a lot to do with morrill bolstering that. Are like thenes ones that are now in the Vice President s office just off of picturete, they put the and with a blank ceiling and it gives this wonderful fresco of columbia welcoming the soldiers. One, which is very relevant to what weve just been theing about, is in thatpriations sweet, 129, has various beautiful frescoes. This is painted in 1876. And in the more and in the morrill homestead is this beautiful painting that is a sketch for this larger painting, a really beautiful large sketch. The portrait that she is painting is prescott. We talked about him before, the historian. If brumidi gave him these things are as he bought some of them. But this is probably the painting that he used. Another really fun thing was, senator morrill wrote to brumidi id said this is an 1875 expect to return saturday. Oh sorry, this is the other one. I came home one day and found brumidi had put this painting in his house. They have to be pretty Close Friends for someone to come in and put the painting in. ,e said he misspelled the name but he says it is a quite pleasing picture considering the short time he had attempted any work and that he is his son. He has attempted any work at this time, of which his father may reasonably be proud. Tocourse he could not expect equal you, with 40 years of experience. So what i think this is is this dawn,arge painting of the or aurora, really based on a release that are meaty brumidi had studied under. This was done looking at it closely, it is not quite up to brumidis quality, but it is well done. He is trying to show off his sons work to his friend and it is still in the homestead. Done copieself had of this fresco in rome and there were many prints of it. Had a print of it to in his house. It was very popular in the 19th century. Had mentionedmidi it freeze had mentioned in his letter so finally in 1977 the joint committee of the library agreed he could start painting the fresco in the rotunda. He prepared a 30 foot wall of these sketches that were going to go around the rotunda and then add up to 300 feet, he put little notes about how wide each scene was. What actually happened though was that he only had nine feet to paint from, because of the big legend that sticks out. You can see the bottom of it, you only really have 7. 5 feet. So they are sort of this way and shorter that way. Good health. I think he kind of realized he was not going to live long enough to finish the whole thing , but he did start 60 feet above the store floor with the landing of columbus and working around. And you know the story of william penn and the indians when he almost fell off the scaffold. No, i am going to go back to my studio and keep working on part two. That wasis a fullsize drawn and put up against the wall and traced around. And he supposedly worked on these until the day before he died in february, 1880. Itore he died he recommended to geno, who had also studied at the academy. Senator morrill gave a eulogy, trying to get enough money to get him buried. He had 500 that he had not gotten paid. I did not put this in but i think it is amusing morrill started out saying, covering as he has done the walls with his fresco paintings, so difficult so little that competent critics esteem. His greatest wishes that he might live to complete his last great work. So long that he devoted his heart and strength to the capital that his work is not surpassed even by that of michelangelo. I think suggesting that brumidi i think hengelo is really closer to rafael, but then morrill took interest in the completion of the freeze fresco. This is the one of the gold rush. There is a 32 foot gap. Is warning the congress, this is not going to reach all the way around. There is a problem with the dimension. Kept trying to make this the figures bigger. But this i think is probably the scaffold that brumidi almost fell off of, it was probably left up there for years. It was for the big blank there. But morrill was kind of watching this, and one time he wrote to edward clark, because constantinehe came in 1881, he went away and came back there he so morrill said by the papers i see he is to leave you. If possible retain him. He is doing better than what any new man could do. Course to, of pay for a good the pay for a good artist is rather small. I think his recommendation probably have a lot to do with it. But then another big site to see was morrill out and oil such oil sketch, a large oil sketch of one of the scenes brumidi has not finished the cartoon four of the reading of the declaration of independence. This is how it was displayed in the house. Just to give him credit, morrill really pushed to get the , hetead parrish added pushed to get the Washington Monument completed. The difference between getting the library of congress built and the Congressional Library and the Jefferson Building built. He never saw it because he died in 1898 in the library was after that. But there are all these classical murals. It is part of the american renaissance. Whendi whenbrumidi brumidi gothic was the style, but by the time morrill died classical was back. But all these mural artists were not trained in fresco, they painted on canvas or plosser. I think a lot of things in the i have we enjoy today this new understanding of how support ands patronage of the arts really made a difference. More momentve one to the homestead, but right now into the capital society. We had a joint commission for brumidis bicentennial. The homestead wanted to throw an exhibit and i sent i think the i said i think the Capital Historical Society will have an exhibit. You. Am here to say thank and for the u. S. Capital Historical Society for the loan of the exhibition. We will be there until late october, so i urge you all to see it. Do we have time for questions . Thank you. [applause] getting to stratford was an adventure. Go to boston and then New Hampshire and then New Hampshire and that over the border and it turned out that the plane was like an 18 dear plane. Questions . Aboutave never heard much any descendents except for his son. The sun had no children and when brumidi died his son world his son was his air and he had two sons in rome. Dives the only one heir was as his air a granddaughter in a mental institution. Niece and shee was one who saved a lot of things. There are people in greece who may be have the name brumidi who are distant relatives of his father, who came from greece, but have never found any information on that. Yes, over there. Something thatd i would agree with, and that is a good biography needs to be written on morrill, but also i was thinking, did you come across any correspondence between the captain and morrill . I was standing up there saying that i check that, i dont think so. But i want to check that. Was one of the founders of the republican party. So i presume he had a pretty close relationship with president lincoln. Focusing just on the committee, but these are a lot of interesting questions that need to be answered. I am interested in your role inive on murdochs the revival of brumidi and his discovery. I always credit her. She was kind of the foundation for brumidi. She wrote up about a lot of , and she was the wife of a congressman who like to give tours of the capital. She got into all these different archives. We still have the vouchers, the pavement payments. I strongly build on her foundation. Today there are probably a lot of things available, but i did not have them during my research. There were things that were hard to find. Yes . You were mentioning the fact that we dont have frescoes in the library of congress. Biggs was first snsidering brumidi application to work in the capital, was the fact that he could work in fresco ever mentioned . That was a big deal because he had been looking for someone to work in fresco. He was asking, is there any american in this country who has been to rome in those how to do a . He was very frustrated. He thought fresco would be the most prominent thing for the capital. He wanted the classical style. So when brumidi showed up he was like an answer to a prayer. Was a big factor. My theory, and i cant prove it, was that his teacher at west weirt was robert we are who had studied fresco in florence and he may have talked to biggs about that. One more. Some of the toxic it had the summer has mentioned source work , primary sources if you will, for the painting. I know amy has talked about. Hose wonderful sources areconservative conservatives like christie doing more of this as they approach getting back to the original as much as possible . , so ifwant those sources you could find what brumidi was looking at that would be good. But the landscapes and everything, they wanted to be accurate. That was a 19thcentury thing. Brumidi wasnt just making things up. They would always make it as accurate as possible, using books, prints. There are some cases like in the foundi book where i something they used, but that is another area were a lot more could be done. Some of the things i think you , andhad it has had gestures. Wasim sure that morrill getting books for him. Things ifse anybody ever find any of those let us know. Thank you. [applause] known as the city of good neighborhoods, this weekend our city cspan cities to our explores the history and literary life of buckled buffalo, new york. On book tv we will visit the mark twain room at the Buffalo County library. The centerpiece are pages of the original handwritten and you script of the adventures of huckleberry finn. Then well feature the book about the history of buffaloes first ward. The irish settled in his neighborhood because they were desperate. It would take maybe one relative to find out about wonderful jobs , working infront the Grain Elevators and in the mills, and then they would go back word would go back to ireland. He would not become rich but he would have steady employment. So they came to this neighborhood called the first ward. Wired it had its name because buffalo was divided into five political wards. This area has always been the first. On september 6, 1901, president William Mckinley was assassinated in buffalo. We will tour the Buffalo History Museum exploring the mckinley exhibit that features advanced surrounding his death and the gun used to shoot the president. Of thescover the history buffalo waterfront in power it has adapted to modern redevelopment. Right now we are in silo city. This is a collection of Grain Elevators built along the bend in the river, originally built for different costs companies. Being regenerated for many different purposes, for our, for music, we do history tours. There are theatrical productions, opera, poetry readings. All sorts of different uses. Of our programs from buffalo today at 2 00 on American History tv, on cspan3. The cspan cities tour. Working with our cable affiliates and visiting cities across the country. Each week American History tv america, brings you archival films that help to tell the story of the 21st century. Demonstratorsf opposed the vietnam war assembled in the Nations Capital for investment just. When the most part orderly, small