Regular lunch box lecture series. Im the director of teaching and learning at the museum. Im thilled thrilled that my partner, shes usually in this real introing people and actually shes in the spotlight lecturing today. Her lecture is titled more than hemingways wife, Martha Gellhorn. Id love to turn it over to maggie for the presentation. Thank you so much, maggie. Thanks for the introduction, its interesting being on the other side of this. Im excited to do my first lecture at the museum since joining the team. So as many of you guys have figured out, this is about Martha Gellhorn. Were going to talk a little about hemingway as well because you cant talk about Martha Gellhorn in world war ii without talking about the infamous ernest hemingway, so, one of the things that, you know, i do want you guys to keep in mind is that like this whole perception of martha, you know, how did she get to where she was where she did become a famous war time correspondent . Was it based off of her work, her reporting in advance . Or was it based off of her connections to hemingway . Now, thinking about war time correspondents, i do want to kind of fast forward a little bit to look at more modern war time correspondents. When i think of female war time correspondent, i go back to my youth and giving away my age a little bit. I think of Martha Raddatz and laura logan during the afghan war. Two of the only female faces that i remember and its not quite as uncommon to see women on the fronts now. Even thinking to ukraine, with everything thats going on right now, think about the faces youre seeing on tv. How often are they female . Just a quick pool, from bbc, from cnn, new york times. Theres not a lot of female faces its predominantly male so you talk about someone like Martha Gellhorn, her story is unique and its unique to be a prominent war time correspondent during a major conflict. During world war ii there were about 100 registered war correspondents who were female, but none of them had the notoriety as martha did. Now, her war time career responded from 1937 to 1989. She covered some incredible conflicts not just world war ii, the spanish civil war, she covered the era of israeli conflicts and vietnam, covered the different revolutions that were happening in central, in south america and her stories were not just about the battle logistics. One of the things that made her unique, she looked at ordinary life. What was it like for the soldier, what was it like for the civilians . During world war ii she focuses on the experiences of teenagers in england in a few of her articles. She wrote stories not for ratings, but wrote to show different ways that war disrupts life and during particularly world war ii, times magazine called gellhorn one of colliers star reporters. And i think that can be true for the rest of her reporting as well, you know. Her career spanned 60 years before she was a war time correspondent she covered the Great Depression, she covered different topics that were going on in europe as well. She had quite an extraordinary career, but where did it begin . It started in her humble roots in missouri so she was born on november 8th, 1908, to george and Edna Gellhorn in st. Louis, missouri. Her mother was a suffragette and i think that gave martha spunk and independence. At age of eight participated in the golden line pictured on the screen. This was a rally for womens suffrage at the 1916 National Convention in st. Louis so you see women here, theyre yingellow parasols, wearing yellow sashes. Lined on both sides of the street headed towards the Convention Center at st. Louis colosseum. There is a tablea United States in front, those that had not embraced women were draped in black. Somewhere along the streets were two young girls designed to represent the future generations of female voters, martha was going to be one of them. So at a young age, she was very active, whether it was in politics, in particular looking at womens suffrage and later on looking at war time. In other, i dont want to spoil it quite yet, but during the Great Depression she also advocate for other human rights things. She graduates high school in 1926 from john burrow school. A private prep school, important to note that her mother deserves a separate lecture as well. Her mother was an incredible woman, but unfortunately nothing to do with world war ii so youll not hear that. Now, this slide kind of gives away this next portion of her life. She enrolls in bryn mawr for the class of 1930, spoiler alert, she drops out within a year. Her goal is to be a foreign correspondent. She wants to be a journalist. Her First Published works, she gets a job in 1930 where she goes to france and works at the United Press Bureau in paris. She was fired after she reported Sexual Harassment that occurred for her from one of her coworkers. So, some things hadnt changed and so she spent her time then in europe travelling. She was determined to still be a foreign correspondent, she didnt give up on that dream. She was writing for newspapers in paris. She was writing for papers in st. Louis as well and incidentally, think about, you know, Martha Gellhorn, the great war time correspondent. Well, she also had a side gig working for vogue, covering fashion in europe as well. A dynamic woman with lots of different abilities and skills. Her writing covers so many different topics. I do think its very interesting, not many people think of fashion and think of Martha Gellhorn. It was during this time, too, that she became involved in the passivist movement. She wrote about these experiences in her book, what mad pursuit. Now, i will say i do think that some of this starts to shift after the Great Depression. Which well talk about right now. So in the early 1930s, shes over in europe, she decides to come back to the United States, the Great Depression is heading. Its during this time that she meets the roosevelts. So understanding that was not her only famous relationship. She actually became very good friends withelinore in particular and despite the almost 30year age gap, they had a good friendship. And gellhorn said that no one could fail to be moved. Roosevelts had martha over to the white house and she moved in for a bit. She spent evenings working on correspondents and the first ladys womens home companion. Through this relationship, martha got another reporting job. This one would be as a field investigator for the federal emergency relief administration. So she would then travel the United States to report on how the depression was affecting the country. Again, remember, shes really looking at ordinary experiences. How do or ordinary peoples experiences, how do devastating times impact them. So she first went to gastonia, north carolina, but later travel with Dorothea Lang to document the everyday lives of the hungry and homeless, a part of the official government files for the Great Depression. What was unique, they were able to investigate topics that were typically off limits to women during this time. Typically this would be something that would be assigned to a man. And i think this really led the way for her to be a dynamic war time correspondent as well, this was something she had experienced and in dealing with uncomfortable topics and sharing them in a very humane way. And she drew on this experience in purchase to write a collection of short stories in the trouble ive seen in 1936. Now, one quick story, you know. Marthas not an ordinary woman. Shes very independent. She was raised that way as well and so when she was in idaho doing her work, she convinced a group of workers to break the windows of their office, to draw attention to their crooked boss. And while this worked, she was also fired, and that was the end of her reporting with them. After that she was invited back to the white house to live with them for two more months responding to mail. So she had a very interesting career up to this point, a very tenacious spirit i should say. Now, she is its 1936 and she meets ernest hemingway. Just by coincidence, her father passed away and the family decided to go for christmas in florida. She would go on to meet his wife pauline, along with their two sons and occasionally, his son from his first marriage would come along as well and built this friendship up and thats how she started learning more about what was going on in the spanish civil war and eventually would pursue an opportunity to cover the spanish civil war. And because hemingway also took assignment, was not as completely disregards her love interests were also involved in this. And she did get assigned to cover the spanish civil war and traveled to spain with just her duffle bag and 50. And met hemingway and they would go on to cover the war. In this picture you cant see him, his back is in the bottom right corner, its on the front line. She covered the stories of the bombings in barcelona and spent christmas together in 1937. Covered the stories of soldiers in hospitals and thats something that she would go on to do at dday as well and also, what was life like in the trenches on the front lines as you see right here. She did spend a lot of time with the soldiers and with the people, it wasnt just standing back reporting from a distance. So as we know, things in europe start progressing pretty quickly in the late 1930s. Hitler begins taking over europe and she is actually present for the invasion of czechoslovakia as well as the invasion of finland and one of the things, typically when ive done this presentation before, i dont usually read a clip from her time in finland, but ill do a quick shout out and talking about this with one of the audience members a little bit ago. All of her articles are in a book. She took all of her war time articles and put them in this one book, the face of war and provides commentary, looking back usually two decades later. And as i was preparing for this lecture, i was going back and just reviewing a little bit of this and it struck me, this one paragraph in particular, looking back at the similarities to what she was observing in the early parts of world war ii under what were seeing today. So she said in spain id understood the meaning of the war. I saw clearly what was spanish war was for and what it was against. On the boat going first to england i was on the beginning of a war of greed started by a madman, it felt different, it felt unreal. Obviously nothing about high explosives is unreal, but this war was a total madness. One criminal lunatic and his followers wanted what they could never get, domination over their time and they grabbed for it. Other grabbers joined them and the world slid into a sixyear long dream of hell, the sense of the insanity and wickedness of this war grew in me until purposes of Mental Hygiene i save up trying to judge, and turned into a walking tape recorder. And to spend a large part of their reasoning mind, lose most of their sensitivity, laugh when they get the smallest chance and go a bit, but increasingly crazy. I think that provides some insight into how she approached war and how she was dared to see these few moments of levity. She saw the pain, the hurt and goes on in her article about finland to focus on the impacts of the bombing on individual people. For them came out of nowhere. Now, we do have to go back to hemingway for a little bit. Again, like i said at the beginning, we cant completely ignore his role in her life, particularly in world war ii. Hemingway always wanted a wife. He always needed to have a wife with him to have this domestic life where he had the doting wife who took care of everything at home, im pretty sure you picked up by now thats not Martha Gellhorn, however, she was madly in love, very attracted to him. I think more so to his war time reporting and his experiences than anything else, but she would go on to marry him in december of 1940 after he spent a few years trying to woo here as well to convince her that marriage was the way to go. They would then go on to buy a house in cuba, as you see here on the left. Shes standing, its not the clearest photo, but a picture of her. They first rented it and bought it, and while hemingway was not allowing her to report on the war, she had to stay home and stay busy pre occupying with things while he was writing. He was writing for whom the bell tolls, drinking daiquiris are being on the fishing boat. He would decide to get into the war hunting for german submarines on his fishing boat. That was not successful thing at all. Now, in true martha fashion, i will say she did get a few wins related to war time reporting so i like to call 1941 her asian honeymoon. She had received a job from colliers to report on the sin o japaneseamerican war. And convinced hemingway to come with her. And she wrote this experience. Her book, a memoir in particular. One of the things i find interesting about this, she doesnt refer to hemingway by name in her reflections of her time on her honeymoon, she refers to him throughout the chapter which means unwilling companion. He had no interest going to china and making it extremely clear. The ironic part is despite his lack of interest in going, he did accept a job during this time. He was actually asked by the United States treasury secretary to gather intelligence on what was going on during the sino japanese war. He through gathering intelligence, the Treasury Department wasnt interested in the war itself, but what was going on between nationalists and communist chinese and they knew that was going to be the bigger issue than what was happening related to chinese and japan. The japanese would eventually leave and what was happening internally would last longer. And they were in hong kong and martha would travel to burma alone and go and see just what exactly with as going on. She would then meet back up with him in hong kong where they visited the citys markets opium dens and brothels. And when reporting on the chinese population that was seeking refuge in hong kong as well. She would go on to say that the chinese surprised her. They accept calmly anything that happens, hunger, fatigue, cold, thirst, pain, or danger. And i think that sums it up pretty well because she had the firsthand experience of trying to get towards the fronts. They charged through rainsoaked muddy tracks on horseback. By crowded river boat to get to the front and she was appalled by the squaller, and unsanitary conditions, she would describe the soldiers having faces like orphan ghosts and she ended up contracting what was called china rot. That doesnt sound good. It was not. It was a skin condition aggressive like athletes foot and believe it or not, many of the war correspondents ended up getting this getting to the front. Muddy wet, unsanitary conditions moving forward. They never saw action. The nationalists were very keen on making sure that both martha and hemingway did not see what was going on. They wanted to put a better image ahead so they would go on to meet on april 14th, that was the day after stalin signed a nonaggression pact with japan. And during this conversation that madam channing was getting on, but she didnt have a good feeling about this conversation with them. She felt that a lot of what was happening was propaganda. She felt that it was very casual. She thought that they were so focused on their power and not on the people during this time. In comparison, she did meet with the chinese communists as well. And what she would say about them was a little different. She wished she had saved quotations to pass on to pos terity and that if he was a sample of the chinese communists then the future was theirs. Interesting how she predicted that, interesting to see how those dynamics played into what would happen after world war ii. During their time in china, thats also when the u. S. Ended all trade with japan. Again, this is before pearl harbor when theyre over there so theyre seeing, really, the impact of the asian war before we become fully involved in it. Now, she doesnt just go to china during the war time, again, shes getting tired of staying at home. Hemingway is getting tired of hearing her complain shes only hearing the news on the radios or newspapers and wants to be there so hes finally like, fine, go, take a story, but come right back. So in 1943, she acompanies the 22nd infantry to go scouting. And here she covered the story of orphans the french fighting the germans. And she received a letter and tension was high, he was an unwilling companion on the honeymoon, how is he going to feel two years later when shes over in italy covering the war, getting a taste of everything that she wants. So he finally asked her, are you a war correspondent or a wife in my bed . And this sets the scene for the rest of the war for them. At this point theres no more goodwill. Basically it turns into a fight of who is going to win at this point. So england 1944, she gets back to cuba. Decides she wants to take another assignment. Colliers, they had assignment to go to england to get ready to cover a great invasion. Hemingway gets wind of this and actually steals her assignment and is so petty to block any and every way that she can try to get to england so much so that she tried to get press passes to take a flight over that she eventually had to stow away in a ship filled with explosives to get over to europe. Thats definitely a high stakes fight right there. During his time in england he begins an affair with mary walsh, who is a times correspondent who later becomes his fourth and final wife and i agree with you, he didnt learn. He didnt learn. And i think something to know on that end, hemingway wanted a wife, martha wanted to be reporting the war. It seemed like it was destined to never quite be there anyway, so eventually she does get over, through quite an interesting way, and she arrives to london, find out that hes hospitalized, he had been in a car accident, had received concussion and she was called over to the hospital to come see him. Find out about the affair, and basically unsympathically is like, im through, im absolutely finished. Shes done. And at that point she is determined to just do what she does best, cover the war. While in her time in england she covered stories on pilots, their experiences with crashed planes being pulled from burning wreckage. She was focusing on their scars and experiences from a personal and sensitive point of view instead of just against and she got to know about teenagers, how were teenagers doing during the war. Not something that people are thinking about when looking at news articles. She took time to do that. Teenagers were resilient, the worst of times as theyre coming of age, they still found joy in these moments and they were doing what they could for the war effort. Even at a young age, they knew it was the right thing to do. So that story would later be called children are soldiers, too. Now, were in england its 1944. We all know whats coming. The invasion of normandy. Its inevitable. Its going to happen and theres going to be war correspondents assigned to this invasion. Hemingway, of course, gets the assignment. He stole the colliers assignment, remember. So were not going to dwell on him at this point, but helen kirkpatrick, was another female correspondent was itching to cover the dday invasion. However, only men were selected to go, along with the troops on june 6th during the first few waves. She waited and hoped she would eventually be selected, but take days for her to get over. If weve learned anything, Martha Gellhorn is not conventional. She takes things into her own hands and she becomes the only known woman who land on the beaches at dday. Hemingway never got to the beach. There are stories that he kind of cowered back and im going with that, as youve probably figured out im not hemingways biggest fan. So here we go, its the first article and details how she gets onto this hospital ship within this article. She gets wind of the invasion and russia at South Hampton and she rushes down and find a norwegian hospital ship and lies to the military police that she was supposed to interview nurses and get right back off and she wouldnt be on. We know better than that. Now, she ends up stowing away in a bathroom. She did this, she knew the risk. She knows what could happen with this, she knows that we could lose her accreditation, she could be arrested and sent back to the United States, but, however, she believed it was worth it to cover this great invasion, she knew this was going to be a major turning point in history and she wanted to be a part of it. And she goes on to write as theyre going across the English Channel how they watched two other hospital ships hit mines on the way over and somehow there would be the first to arrive. They werent supposed to be, but they were. They arrived near omaha beach situated between dog red and easy red sectors and as shes getting close, its interesting how she describes it, she describes it in a way i think that a lot of soldiers were thinking, as they were coming across the channel, getting close to the beach. So there would be a moment as i read her own words. Then we saw the coast of france and suddenly were in the midst of the armada of the invasion. People will be writing about this site for 100 years and whoever saw it will never forget. First it seemed incredible, there cannot be so many ships in the world. Then it seemed incredible as a feat of planning if there were so many ships, what genius required to get them here, what amazing and unimaginable genius. After the first shock of wonder and admiration one began to look around and see details, destories, battleships, transports, a Floating City of huge vessels at normandy. Occasionally you would see a gun flash on perhaps only a distant roar as they fired over the hills. Small crafts went around looked like fun to race shore to ship in snubnosed ships beating the spray. It was no fun at all. Considering the obstacles in the water, sunken tanks with only radios above the water and drown bodies that still floated past. On washing was hung up on a line between the mines detonated on the beach, and dance music could be heard coming from a radio. And announcing high in the wind among the ships and drones gray ceiling of clouds. Troops unloading from big ships to heavy barges with light craft on the shore moving up four brown roads that scarred the hillside our tanks clanked slowly and steady. Then we stopped noticing the invasion. The ships, the ominous beach because the first wounded had arrived. Its amazing how she was able to capture the greatness of this invasion. She recognized, again, the significance of it, but was able to put it in a way that you understand its magnificence, but you also understand how devastating it was, the touches of humanity in this very bloody battle. So, in true fashion she ended up on the shore as she was describing here, she was on a water ambulance. On the shore on waste high water and during waist high water and during that time she felt to get as many wounded men back to the hospital. She knew she was there to cover the story, but she want today help, she was along with the medics, moving men to the beach and wading alongside of them, until the water ambulce could come back and take them to the ship and sat alongside the wounded waiting for them again and took note of the german bunkers. Particularly as shes waiting, shes noticing other acts of humanity, how the americans had take paths to guide others away from the mines, and how people were looking out for each other. She eventually goss get back to the ship and shell write a few things down and then back to taking care of the wounded. And so, lets see, she writes this about the wounded in particular. It will be hard to tell you the wounded there were so many of them. There was no time to talk, there was too much else to do. They had to be fed as most of them had not eaten for two days, shoes and clothing had to be cut off. They wanted water, the nurses and orderlies working had to be found and quickly where a man needed attention. And bottles held up, and cigarettesrighted, hours to pour hot coffee from a teapot into a mouth that just showed through bandages. The wounded talked among themselves ands time went on, we got to know them not by faces and wounds, but by their names. And men smiled in such pain all they could have wanted to do is turn their heads away and cry and men made jokes when they needed their strength just to survive and all looked at each other, give that boy a drink of water. Or miss, see that ranger over there, hes in bad shape, could you go to him first . All the shipmen were asking by others by name anxiously wondering if they were on board and how they were doing. She doesnt just capture battle logistics and statistics, things like that, how its impacting them. She goes on and writes about individual men she got to know a little bit better, as well, during this time. So by june 7th, theyre back in england. What do you think happened at this point . Well, ill go ahead and tell you, its not going to be a happy ending. The risks they came t be. She was immediately arrested as soon as she got back to england. She had her credentials stripped and then transported to a nurses Training Camp where she fully expected to be sent back to the United States. Somehow the military decided they wanted to still keep her in the war as a correspondent, but they put some conditions on it. They said that eventually theyre going to ship more nurses over to normandy, when they go over, she can go over, but that wasnt good enough for her. As you see, with this quote here, she followed the war wherever she could reach it. She had been sent to europe to do her job, which was not to report the rear areas or the womans angle. So what she did, she found a ride with a british pilot flying to italy and had no idea that she had been arrested. And so she caught a ride with him and would go on to cover many of the battles during the european theater. She would cover market garden. She would cover the battle of the bulge and also be at dachau. So in may of 1945 she arrives at dachau. The article, a lot of her titles are creative. The first hospital ship wasnt, but seems the most poignant, the most creative ones, with the title. Is she starts the line with to an american soldier as they were flying out of germany. He said weve got to talk about it, weve got to talk about it, whether anyone believes it or not. She was one of the first journalists to cover this concentration camp and again, i think that her own words say it better than what i could ever do and she closes out this article reflecting on the fact that she was in dachau the day that the germans surrendered and the significance of being there on that date. So she says ive not talked about how it was the day the American Army arrived, the prisoners told me and their joy to be free and longing to see their friends who had come at last. And many prisoners rushed to the fence and died, electrocuted. And it was more than their bodies could endure and died, and they ate the food and could not be stopped. And some men whose minds are clear as unafraid as the day they entered. I was in dachau when the german army surrendered. The same half skelton that was in the death train, the polish doctors hands clapped and i asked what they were talking about, the war is over, germany is defeated, the doctor said. We sat in that room in that acursed cemetery prison and no one had anything more to say. Still, dachau seemed the most suitable place in europe to hear about victory, this was made to abolish dachau and all the other things that dachau stood for to abolish it forever. Thats how she ends world war ii. And again, youre seeing this humanity. Youre seeing her compassion in her writing and as we know, world war ii is a very significant part of her time as a war time correspondent, but she would go on and cover three more conflicts. At the beginning, and what was interesting, you know, she breaks up with hemingway right before dday and doesnt really have time to settle things, so ill comment on that. She decided not to return it cuba. She didnt want to stay in london or she wanted to not do that, she wanted to stay in london and think of herself as someone new. She would later compare the war to a disease that causes pain beyond telling or imagining. And i think this would influence her writing. As she would go on and chs to go to violent places and serve as a war correspondent. One other thing, one fun fact about martha. She took the job in italy during world war ii right as tensions started to grow between her and hemingway and she covered the story of war orphans and she would actually go back and adopt one of them and that would be her only child throughout the rest of her life. So she ended her career covering war by turning down the job to go to bosnia in 1992. In the last years of her life. She was in frail health, nearly blind and suffering from Ovarian Cancer that had spread to her liver and on february 15th, 1998, she decided to take things into her own hands and she ended her life in suicide in london by swallowing a cyanide capsule. After a lifetime of writing about war and although the weapons and countries were different, she believed that most wars are same through their consequences through hunger, homelessness, fear and pain and as she came to the end of her career in 1988 shed write these words on the screen, there has to be a better way to run the world and we had better see that we get it. So, thank you. [applause]. All right, thank you so much, maggie for this wonderful presentation. I sure learned a lot about at Martha Gellhorn for those folks watching online. You can type in questions now on facebook either in the comments or on youtube in the chat. Im actually gonna start with one before i pass a tl. Sorry about that. Someone trumped you all on facebook, but frank was asking for her correspondence a dday did she win any awards or have any sort of recognition based recognition based on her very stellar work . Unfortunately, not and it kind of goes back. This is something that still gets we get back to, universal about himself, it was around that time and that became famous and she never received any and it would be later on. Her legacy later on that we the recognition. Ad any question from the crowd . I noticed a lot from the president ial library, im wondering the connection between them. Most of her photos from world war 24 tied to hemingway and most of his photos and writings were donated. It was a little better to talk about her but most of them were. Do you know the age difference betweentw hemingway . Was there a big stretch . I should know this, i know she would have been late 20s, early 30s and considering that this was the third marriage, there would have been an age difference, i dont know the exact number but definitely an age difference. He wanted to settle down and to be honest she never really settled down. She make it in a home but she still law and report were, thats not really the job of the dutiful housewife. Was she ever injured in the course of covering the war . Not anything significant from what ive seen. Im just checking facebook righv now, covering facebook. This is a good one, she was asking, how did she support herself financially . Should get like 50 when she does get paid, an independent journalist, she did eventually submit where she got some payment but not like if she was assigned to a story. Early on in life, but you have to remember he wasnt doing too bad either especially during world war ii and she had friends. She had roosevelt in her back pocket and they took care of her so i think it was a mix, she was employed. She was receiving money but also the relationship she built, to. Do you know mothers reaction to hemingway, suicide . I know she had from the dont think it was anything spectacular. Ill have to goteut back but she does write about it but theres no big emotion either way. I think with how things ended between jim, she just wanted to be done. She didnt want to be tied anymore think she celebrated but i also dont think she mourned. How to get to know the roosevelt . Thats one thing imer not oe 100 sure, i havent found that exact moment where they got to know each other. Probably something by chance, she was a reporter at the time but that is something i would like to know as well, you find out more about her time in the white house coming back from france is moving with thehe roosevelt is unclear. Writings about her life in cuba . I want to say doesnt really write as much about cuba. Thats not the life she wanted. Most of her writings related to her travels and civil war. She didnt see cuba as a travel destination, was there home for a bit. [inaudible] the british war museum. Her biography has reflection [inaudible] it is just the biographies that go into more detail and one thing i want to note is museum sort does have a book, you may get a little on the relationship, probably the love letters from their relationship to check that out. I want to recommend her own words, i found those the most useful but thanks for that so this one is before, or time articles from the spanish civil war tons when she turns down the job for bosnia and this is travels throughout her whole life, not just her time with hemingway, she only writes about him as you see a companion in the china honeymoon 100 days, these are books she wrote so of course reflections afterwards but the face of war should yeprovides commentary looking bk. Years later so both are very fascinating. We will take this as a final question. Great presentation, thank you. You know what happened to her child . I want to say hes alive, i dont know much more about that. She kept her private life private and he seemed to do the same but thats what i believe to be true, that could have changed as a duggan doing a deep dive, it would have been 2020 so they could have changed in the last two years but as far as i know, hes alive. I believe in london as well. Thank you so much for a great presentation. [laughter] weekends on cspan2 are an intellectual piece every saturday American History tv documents american stories. The latest in nonfiction books and authors. Funding for cspan2 comes from these Television Companies and more including cox. Extremely rare. But friends dont have to be. When youre connected, youre not alone parks along with these Television Companies support cspan2 as a public service. Cspans online store. Browse the latest on apparel, books, home decor and accessories. Some