What that does is can neglect the needs of the most disadvantaged students, the ones who need the education the most, so meritbased scholarships are a big thing for not the most elite, but right below their because they are trying to get top students again to increase their ranking increasing the gpa , so i think there are damaging effects of those rankings that college are responding to, that foster greater inequality. The second part of the question . [inaudible question] im not sure what that will do. I would say these universities and these are exceptional universities and i chose them because i thought that they would be places where students wouldnt have the same anxiety about like if it worsens different system i wouldve got into harvard or ivy league or cambridge, site chosen because of that, but in a way they get a pass on the return of investment because in other research in places like this they say well, im that harvard degree and i can major in philosophy, but it is a matter because im a harvard degree. I dont know. I feel like our education is changing dramatically and are we going to have like a credentialing system, dont know what the next thing will be. Ya come i dont know that i can speak to that, but i think its important question. Write a question about illustrating this incredible tension a lot of white us students talk about in terms of its sexualization of diversity, the first has to be something that there is a demand for integration, so we are diverse, but must interact otherwise whats the point of diversity is one in the second at the same time you cannot be too much like the mainstream and if you are then its just you are not actually diverse and it makes me think of literature on acceptable diversity on how very middle upper class white suburbs will be into this diversity, but they really mean are like asianamericans not black or latino, so in the interview how did students reconcile or did they reconcile at all with the tension of diversity meaning to seemingly paradoxical elements . Thats a great question. It didnt come up in your attack about there in the us i assume because its a very american thing. I assume it did not come up because those students of color get certified by the university as like good minorities because they have gotten into harvard and brown, so students said things like i have never met someone who doesnt deserve to be here. They really felt like all my peers are legit and if so i think because of that like they are already acceptable because they have they assume and i think now that their peers who are on campus have exceptional academic backgrounds, superbright, you know, really talented in a lot of different ways and that is taken as a given on these elite camp to campuses. The answer might be different in different kinds of places where affirmative action plays a different role, but on these campuses i did not hear that tension i think because of that selection that has already happened before they get there. In the interviews with the students of colors this you said to modifying were students of color in order to better survive would perform their diversity, their difference in kind of a white dominated space and knowing that if they are too much just like everyone else they lose or were they even aware of this kind of perception i think they are probably aware of it. I dont feel like they think they need to claim that. There is deftly students of colors talked with a feel like they can let their guard down in kind of minority only spaces, so there is a real kind of a positive value of like the black Student Association or the center for students of color or these kind of spaces where they feel like their experience gets foregrounded, which is not the kind of dominant experience in the university, so there is a contrast between in these integrated spaces having to have a particular kind of game face and feeling like they can last in these minority spaces, but there is variation. Their students of color who talked about being in minority spaces and the like they didnt quite fit in for whatever reason may be because they came from unusual class background or were adopted or whatever, so i think its complex. There so much diversity among students of color as well that shape their experiences as well. Two quick questions. The first one was you said you mentioned the graduate students in the interviews, so im wondering about the interviewers and how you think the perceptions of the people doing the interviewing by the participants may have at all affected some of the findings in terms of likely did the interview if we could talk about that and if it was the same people in the Different Countries and secondly you say theres these ideas in the students minds and am wondering in terms of different universities and structuring of the extracurricular experience in your reflected on the American College experience and theres definitely a bit of focus in the us on things that happen outside of class. I assume a bigger focus then on the classes, so im curious of different in terms of how i guess these universities structure the experience of diversity and how that may have also affected what people are talking about when they are answering questions. I will say a bit about method so, i like to do my interviews myself or my first recorded all my interviews and im determined to do all the areas myself. For this project i really felt like if i were going to talk to white to students about race and things on campus that i couldnt get open and honest responses or make them feel completely comfortable with me, so i decided to hire a white doctoral student to do the interviews in the us and i will talk about britain and the second. Because of that i felt like if i interviewed the students of color then that would bias my own lens having on the interviews and develop a rapport with the students of color not even meeting a supply to students and i thought i hired a student of color to interview the students of color. So, there was one student of color on brown campus and one on harvard a didnt student of color and brown campus and one white student who did all the interviews in the us and in brittany was marked tricky because of class. Though you speak in the uk identifies your class identity pretty clearly and even i is american when i lived there after six years, after a few years i could tell like someones accent like where they came from. I happened to get around that and i cant claim i was lucky, so i talked to a call he got oxford and she recommended a doctoral student who happened to be from western europe and she was a oxford and i was a bit nervous about that. In the end it worked out well because i think she signaled kind of elite in through being an oxford student and being from western and she obviously did not have a class marker and her voice because she had a foreign accent and i think in the end after the research i fell in the uk it would have mattered less because students she did all the interviews in britain students said things that i would not have expected they would say in Polite Company in the uk to her, so i thought it didnt affect the interviews in the end, but i was more nervous about that. So, in terms of baxter color killer and diversity, i talked about this in the book and theres a real institutional diversity on the campuses in britain has very little. They do have like minority student groups, but thats the extent of it and in terms of various studies have like south asia studies about south asia or africa about africa, but not like Asian American studies or British Black studies or anything like that on most campuses. In the us, harvard and browned different they institutionalize diversity in different ways and this is historical as well. For example, brown when i do the Research Brown students of color was called the third world center. A few years ago they change the name to brown center for students of color and you hear in the name, that third world identity comes out of the 70s as political. Harvard center for diversity is called the Harvard Foundation for intercultural affairs, really focused on integration and historically as well it was deliberately named that when it was constituted at the university. There are other ways in which brown has a third world transition program, very different and very particular or orientation. Harvard orientation on diversity is like a Community Conversation with their freshman hall that dont have the same impact on students. So, there are all these i think what that does is for the students participating at brown develop a more robust understanding of racial inequality that they didnt learn and i would argue should have learned in school and a language to make meaning of experiences they have had, but the white students are very alienated from that on the brown campus because most dont participate and they dont quite get, why are they all hanging out at third world center, so they felt alienated. At harvard, students of color and white students were much more kind of positive about the diversity work, but it was their big event the Harvard Foundation begin that was i am blanking on the name, multicultural performance events cant think. It will come to me. When they talked about that is like a big experience like i had this great experience with diversity and at the end they all got together in my car on stage together and dancing to this like pop song and that was their version of diversity, so it was positive and they appreciated it, but again it lacks that kind of vision for how do we address racial inequality, so there are positives and negatives and i would argue we need to find a way to institutionalize a model to bring all students into this understandingand the complexity of race in the united states. [inaudible] [applause]. According to the New York Times, topping the list is fox news host bill oreillys most recent release old schoolfollowed by jd vance recollection of his childhood as a rust belt time ohio. Next, bill oreilly and historian martin do guard account of japans defeat during world war ii in killing the rising sun. Forth on the list, msnbc host chris hayes looks at race in america. Followed by Sports Illustrated senior Baseball Writer tom verdi cheese the cubs way. A look at the current nonfiction bestsellers according to the New York Times continues with former president george w. Bushs portraits of courage, a collection of his paintings of the veterans and h dtv chip and joanna gaines, the magnolia story. Next, David Horowitz on his thoughts on the trumpet ministration. Thats followed by trumps war, radio host Michael Savage is thought on the obstacles President Trump may face in trying to fulfill his campaign promise. Rounding out the list at number 10 is trevor noahs memoir growing up in apartheid era south africa. Thats a look at the current bestselling nonfiction books according to the New York Times. Every weekend look tv offers programming focused on nonfiction authors and books. Keep watching for more here on cspan2 and watch any of our past programs online at book tv. Org. 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