I want to introduce to you the gentleman on my right, bob rosencrans, our first chairman, gave first seed money to get cspan started in 1977, believe it or not. In august 1977, bob rosencrans, president of ua columbia cable and Business Partner ken gunter, were the first Cable Operators to agree to support the idea for cspan. At that time only about 19 percent of American Homes were wired for cable. Mr. Rosencrans, who passed away this week, wrote a check for 25,000. With that seed money, cspan created the infrastructure to send out cable televisions first live views of the u. S. House of representatives. On march 19th, 1979, to some 3. 5 million homes, served by 350 cable systems. Let the public understand what goes on in washington, what the issues are and how to deal with them. And i think above all, the mission here at cspan has been just that. And were very proud of that. Mr. Rosencrans steered the Nonprofit Network through its initial challenging years and continued to serve on cspans board of directors until his death most recently in the role of chairman emeritus. I believe a nation can only benefit from more exposure to our political process, to educate and inform our people, both young and old, and give us all a better feeling that we are participating in this process that carries our nation forward. Thank you very much. At the cspan. Org you can watch your Public Affairs and political programing anytime at your convenience, on your desktop, laptop or mobile device. Heres how. Go to our homepage, cspan. Org, and click on the Video Library search bar. Here you can type in name of a speaker, sponsor of a bill, or even the event topic. Review a list of search results and click on the practical you would like to watch or refine your search with our many search tools. If youre looking for the most current programs and you dont want to search the Video Library, our homepage has many current programs ready for your immediate viewing such as todays washington journal or the events we covered that day. Cspan dodorg is a Public Service of your cable or satellite provider. So if youre a cspan watcher, check it out at cspan. Org. On saturday cspans issues spotlight looks at trade deals, their impact on the economy, jobs and the president ial election. We will defend american jobs and American Workers saying no to bad trade deals like the Transpacific Partnership and unfair trade practices like the state of pennsylvania have lost 1 3 of their manufacturing jobs since the clintons put china into the wto. The Program Includes a look at nafta, the 1994 freetrade agreement between the United States, mexico and canada. This will weld us together in the cause of more jobs for our people, more exports for our markets, and more democracy for our allies. A discussion on how the Founding Fathers viewed free trade. The fact that historically the United States simply was not a free trade nation, for most of american history. The u. S. Is in fact a tariffprotected economy. This goes back to our very constitution. An in depth examination of the world trade organization, the body that enforces global trade rules. At the time the wto was being negotiated, or its evil smaller sister, nafta, the north american freetrade agreement, 800 more pages of specific rules and regulations, nothing inevitable here. My book would be very different. When these two were being negotiated, the u. S. Had, as official advisors 500 corporate advisors. Watch our issue spotlight on trade deals, saturday, at 8 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan and cspan. Org. The fourth u. S. Circuit court of appeals recently held it is judicial conference in west virginia. It included Fourth District judge henry hudson and u. S. Marshal christopher parks. They discuss ad having a active plan in place to deal with a active shooter. This is about 30 minutes. Can i get everybody to have a seat, please, and well get started. One of the unfortunate realities of life today is that we have to worry about an active shooter and judge henry hudson from the Eastern District of virginia prepared a program for you this morning to talk about an active shooter what you should do if you were to unfortunately find yourself in such a situation. I think you will find it of great practical value. I will turn it over to judge hudson. Thank you, chief. [applause] ladies and gentlemen, our presentation today is about a very unpleasant topic but, as unpleasant as it may be your life may depend upon it. The theme of our presentation today is that when youre confronted with an active shooter your objective is going to be survival. So some of the things were talking about you should do may be unpleasant but your life could depend upon it. In the world we live in today, particularly with level of violence there is probably no security issue that is more important, not only to you, but your staff, and your family, than developing and periodically, practicing an active shooter strategy. Courthouses, law office, even schools and churches today are high visibility, symbolic targets. There are a lot of people think simply because they havent received any threats or they havent done anything controversial, that they dont have to worry, well, that kind of mind set can lead to major problems because, active shooters, sometimes, pick people an pick institutions strictly for the symbolism and the message it gives. So it is not related to any type of threat. So you shouldnt be deluded by that. What is active shooter . We define as an active shooter, unstable or idealogicallymotivated individual and sometimes a disgruntled employee who indiscrimenantly, randomly, shoots people with the intent to kill them and kill themselves. They have a message they want to convey by death and destruction. Once an active shooter is able to penetrate the outer perimeter of your building, or your office, there is no warning whatsoever. Active shooters ordinarily dont have any signs or symptoms that allow you to prepare. So if you dont have an Emergency Response plan in place, chaos is going to ensue. We have found, and whenky i dont see ensues chaos ensues, your employees and your staff will be randomly picked off by the active shooter. Now that we have found that the chance of survival and the chance of your staff having an orderly response is directly dependent upon your initiative and your leadership in putting together an active shooter response. Let me give you a graphic example of how important an active shooter plan can be. On august the 5th of 1993 at about 9 00 in the morning an individual by the name of Jack Gary Mcknight stepped off of the elevator on the fourth floor of the courthouse in topeka, kansas. He was coming in that day to be sentenced for a largescale marijuana cultivation operation that he and his wife operated. Now as he walked out of the elevator and approached the cso, gene had no idea half an hour earlier and debt it nate ad truck bomb outside sheriffs office, and blew out every window and injured number of people by flying shards of glass. He walked to up the mag to tomter, pull out at 40 caliber, shot and killed gene gold berry, shot and killed a deputy clerk of the court, talking about Kansas City Chiefs football, pushed his way through the magnetometer and began walking down the howl way. As he did he indiscrimenantly threw pipe bombs along the hallway. They exploded. The sound was deafening to everybody in the building. He then walked into the clerks office, opened the door, jumped overthecounter and for the next several hours, mcknight began firing shots, about 50 to 75 rounds, detonated 12 pipe bombs. 13th pipe bomb went off in his hand and killed him. It took 100 Police Officers three hours to secure the building totally before the chaos began to subside. I got there the next morning in my capacity as director of the u. S. Marshals service and me and the marshall, even a couple of reporters tailing me. We went up and talked to the clerk first because frankly i wanted to let him know how sorry i was for all the people that were injured during that disaster. Looked like a war zone. Papers were blown everywhere. Walls were blown out. He looked at me, henry, i didnt have one person have a scratch on him. We have a plan here. We have practiced it every year. Everybody has a designated location of where they conceal themselves or where they go to, barricade themselves, to make sure that the active shooter had no contact with them and he did not. It was nothing short of a miracle. The, judicial conference of the United States, Judicial Security Committee recommends that every federal courthouse in america have an annual active shooter drill, and i commend it to you. I have spoken to a lot of the judges out here who tell me they already have the plan in place but it is very, very important that you do so. And inspector chris parks from the Marshals Service in a minute will walk you through how you can develop a active shooter plan. When you put together your active shooter plan there is one other fast set to it to keep in mind. That is making sure your staff have the resources in case a disaster occurs around in addition to learning to shelter, learning to put those wedges in the door, you also need to make sure you have someone in your courthouse who knows how to operate a defibrillator, to be sure if someone has a heart attack, unfortunately it happens when these things occur, youre able to stablize them until rescue arrives. People tell me, henry, the defibrillator has the instructions written right on it, well, it may, but the average person who is not trained to use that will be reluctant to use that defibrillator, every Second Counts when a person has cardiac arrest. Secondly make sure you have people trained in cpr. Thirdly you want people trained in basic and advanced first aid. And have the resources to put a turn thatket tourniquet to make sure they dont bleed to death before Emergency Responders arrive. You have to have these people distributed across your courthouse so Everybody Knows how to contact them in event of a emergency. Many people say, i dont want to think about one of these situations. You have to simply do it. Let me give you another bit of personal device, each person here in varying degrees exercises some leadership role either in their office or in their courthouse or whatever institution theyre involved in. And your staff looks to you for leadership in putting together a response strategy. I know many of you here have served in the military or served in Law Enforcement positions where unfortunately people have been severely injured or killed in the line of duty. I had four when i was director of the Marshals Service. Believe me i still have scars from it. And when Something Like that occurs there is a great deal of sympathy and a lot of tears and a lot of hugging but the question that is going to arise, is a few weeks later the Family Members are going to say, what could you have done to save my husband or my wife . What steps could you have taken . Dont ever want to put yourself in that position. Make sure that you can rest in peace that if a crisis occurs, you have taken every step possible to try to make it as safe as you can for your staff, and not only that, for your family. The active shooter strategy is not only for your courthouse, it is for your home as well. I strongly encourage you to adopt it, practice it regularly. Remember, your life may depend upon it. Now i want to turn the podium over to my good friend chris parks. He and i give the lectures all the time. He does a darn good job. At the end of his presentation we will be glad to entertain any questions you have. Spin spector parks . Here he is. Thank you. Judge. Good morning, everyone, as he said, judge hudson and i have been working together quite a while giving these presentation. It was 23 years ago almost this month i walked across the stage at federal Law Enforcement training center, received my redentials at then director judge hudson. If we could have the presentation brought up. Active shooter. Initially when we were thinking about this program, it was going to be directed mostly toward judges and Staff Members but since so many people at the conference were people that work outside of the courthouse we decided he want to make it more broad and more generic and give the information to folks who can use it, not only at the office but at home as well. If you pick up the newspaper, turn on the tv, search the internet, chances are youre going to be hit with headlines, talking about active shooter or somebody who has killed a lot of people. As you can see many killed on the display today. A judge was shot outside of her home in texas. What will be able to do in order to protect ourselves . As the judge said, active person who is actively engaged in trying to kill people with a firearm, usually in a confined area. The duration of the active Shooter Event averages 12 1 2 minutes. Average Response Time of Law Enforcement, 18 minutes. A great study was done by the fbi and a lot of the statistics that i have for this presentation was taken from their study that was covered an area from 2000, to 2013. The active Shooter Program over the years has developed and changed quite a bit. It used to be the that Law Enforcement would get to the scene. Surround to contain the environment and then send in swat to try to eliminate the threat. They found that after Virginia Tech shooting, that caused much greater time for the shooter to continue his killing. So now the protocol is to get in as quick as you can, get in as fast as you can to the attacker to try to neutralize the threat. Between 2000 and 2013 there were 160 active Shooter Events. Average of 11. 4 incident per year. In first six years it was 6. 4 years and moved up swiftly to 16. 4 in last seven years of the period. 60 of the events ended before police arrived, either person leaving or person killing themselves or usually, usually some of both. 486 people killed. 557 wounded in shootings. Who are the shooters . Used to be the mass murderer was typically a male. 158 of these instances single shooter, one person going out doing all the shooting. In nine of the incidents they start off by shooting a Family Member or Family Members before taking it public, going to their location to do more killing. Six of the shooters were females. 64 of them committed suicide. At least five of the shooters remained at large when the study was concluded. Now locations. Where do these shootings happen . If we listen to the news, focus on certain events, we think, mostly in this area or this area. Statistic lip the highest incident rate of shootings occur in commerce or commercial space. Mostly in spaces that are open to the public. Both have pedestrian walkin. Others are commercial space that dont have that or factories and warehouses things such as that six of them occurred in malls. Example of that is the shooting in the theater in colorado. The person went into the premier showing at midnight after batman movie and wound up shooting quite a few people. Killed 12 and wounded 58 others. A mall shooting, omaha, nebraska, single shooter, injuring nine, killing six. Example of a commercial business not open to the general public was a distributor in connecticut where disgruntled employee or employee being disciplined, was going to be let go, went back and killed all the people that were there at the warehouse that day. Educational institutions. At first i thought when i was looking at the material the incident rate in the higher learning, the colleges was much greater because we heard so much about Virginia Tech and other shootings but as you can see from the example here, there is twice as many occurred in the prek through 12. Example, elementary schools, sandy hook in connecticut. Single shooter, shot his mom. Went to the school. And then killed over 20 students there and then killed himself. Blacksburg, we talked about Virginia Tech. Single shooter. First went to a dorm, killed two people in a dorm. Wasnt until two hours later he werent to the Academic Building started shooting. Killed 32. Killed himself just before or just as the cops arrived. Government installslations. We have nonmilitary and military installations. Fort hood, texas, a member of the military took a gun to work and started shooting. Killed 13, injured 32 others. Whoops. Open spaces incidents. Gabrielle giffords, shooting occurred in open space, took life of one of our federal judges is example of shooting in open space. Residences. Houses of worship. With the example that was given in recently in south carolina, outside the scope of this review, shows how vulnerable churches are. As you can see the number of incident in churches is equal to that in malls. So the chances of being involved in an active Shooter Program or active shooter incident is the same whether in church or in a mall. As i said, example we have the shooting in charleston that took the life of nine people at church. Other at health care. Where will you be when the shooting starts . And what will you do when the shooting starts . Before the shooting starts we want to do a little bit of planning. We want to figure out what were going to do. Always be aware of your environment. Locate the nearest exit. If you look at this room there are quite a few doors all around you what appear to be doors. Those may not be an exit, okay . Look for exit signs. Know where they are. Used to be that the protocol was contain, and were going to bring swat in and neutralize the threat. The study showed that the kill rate went way up because were waiting for the police to get there. 12 1 2 minutes, average active shooter incident. 18 minutes average for the cops to get there so the new response is, run, hide, fight. Run, if you can run, and if x marks the spot where that attack hears chosen to do the shooting we need to get out of there if we can. If you can get off the x, get out of the room, get to safety, then do so. Encourage others to do it as well. Dont wait around if theyre not going with you. Leave your belongings behind. There is not a single thing you have that is worth your life that you have to wait and get or carry it out of there. Help others if possible. Encourage them to get out. Now, as i said before, the Police Response is going to get people in there as quick as they can to eliminate the attacker and eliminate the threat. You dont want to be looking like the threat. You are running have your hands visible. Dont carry your cell phone in your hand while youre running. Follow instructions with the police officer. Do exactly what he says. If they say get down on the floor, get down on the floor. Dont attempt to move wounded people, okay . Dont be pointing and screaming or anything like that. Make sure you follow the instructions. Call 911 in a safe place. Once you get out, of the building into a safe location, not just outside the door, that is when you want to call. When you do call 911, you want to make sure you give them as much information as possible. Some of the responses to active shooter in particular, the u. S. Navy yard shooting, there was a lot of confusion as to where the shooter actually was. There were a lot of buildings on there the initial Police Response came on, they couldnt find out which building the shooter was n they noticed people running away from the building and they figured that had to be it. They got into building 157, they thought there were two or three shooters. Coin tell how many shooters. They got into the atrium area and sound of shots echoing the room, they thought the shooter was upstairs. So if you call 911 give them as much information as you can. Where you are, where you were when you heard the shooting and whats going on. If you cant get off the x, cant get it off the area were going to hide and shelter in place. Find a place to hide. Want to be outside of the shooters vision. We want to make sure we can keep our service covered. Now your hiding place should be one that is out of his view. One that you can protect yourself from gunfire. So were not just hiding behind something light. We want to behind something pretty sturdy in case he does start shooting. Prevent them from getting into the space. Wedges to wedge the door shut. Put furniture in front of it. Does it swing in or swing out. If it swing out, it will be harder to barricade. If the shooter is not targeting you specifically, going into random act of violence where only random thing is number of victims, persuade them to go somewhere else. Harden your target so they cant get in there and make an easy kill for them. Lock the door. If the door doesnt have a lock, barricade the door. Silence your cell phone and keep quiet. We see the horror movies and person hiding there, bad guy coming, bad guy goes away, and cell phone rings and bad guy can find you. Keep that in mind. Yes, you want to call 911, if youre in hiding mode, that he doesnt find you. Turn off the lights. Pretty common thing to do but i noticed when i was going to some of the Office Space Recently that they have the all i automatic lights. Motion sensor turns on lights. Figure out how you turn it off and which buttons you have to hit to make sure it goes off. Hide behind large items and something big. If it is determined, and attacker comes into your space, what will you do then . Were going to fight. Last resort, life depends on it, going to do anything you can to distract, or disrupt his attack. Weve seen examples of this in, well, the train in paris. Had three soldiers on the train. A person was on there with a gun. He started firing, what did they do, they went toward the fight. They knew they couldnt get off the train. Moving train. Very few exits you can get off when it is in motion. They reacted and went toward the fight, inaccident pass incapacitated him and he pulled a knife. And subdued him. Act as aggressively as possible. Dont think one little smack or shout will diffuse him. Probably wont. Keep fighting until you stop the aggression. Throwing items. Pick up something and throw it. With will you use as weapon. Look around. Is there something handy in this area you can use in order to save your life . Improvise weapons. I asked somebody the other day, what would you use as improvised weapon. They picked up an ink pen. If that is all you got, use that evening pen. I will look for something a little bigger gives me a stand off. Flag poll here might be something. I could throw something. Fire ending extinguishers can be used. Be creative. Dont give up. I was speaking with a young dadely couple weeks ago. We were talking about presentation. Telling about the run, hide, fight. Oh, i can never do that. I donthow to fight. You can do it. Develop the mindset you can survive, you can fight this person off. Dont give up it is a matter of your life. Fight back. She said i could never fight back. The guys got a gun. Yes, if you have a gun you still have a chance, okay . Get up there and fight. Develop mindset you can fight back and you can survive and you can win this fight. Now that i have scared you just a little bit the question is, what do we do now . How will i protect myself. I cant just hunker in the bunker. I have to go to work, go out, go to the movies. What am i doing in situation like that. Develop Situational Awareness. Cant go through your life with your head down on the cell phone and blissfully unaware of any danger around you. Develop Situational Awareness. Know where exits are. Keep looking around and paying attention what is going on around you. Always look for the nearest exit. And find the nearest cover. Cover is something that will protect me from the gunned fire. If the gunfire. If the shooter gets in the area, is there something i can get behind to protect me from the gunfire . Start making a plan. Make your plan right now. Now, if you have your office, which is a regular space, that youre there all the time, what are you going to do . How am i going to get get out on case i have to run . I know where my exit is. I know where the closest stairwell is. I know where alternate is. If the shooter is coming up there can i go down a different one . How will i get out of there . If i cant, how am i going to hide . If this is my office and my home and bathroom is my a la moye. That is where im going to hide. That is my plan. Having the plan. And talking about improvised weapons. Something i can put in there to have on hand in case there is a need for it . Do i have a Louisville Slugger displayeded in office, 4iron behind the car. What can i use to increase my chances to to hold off an attacker if i have to. When i fight, what will i use to distract him . How can i barricade the door of the these are all questions you have to plan out. Not only at home but at work as well. What will i do to try to insure my safety. Now the judge mentioned we need to make sure this plan is developed and shared with everybody in our space, whether it is home or office. If your family develops a plan, here is what were going to do, if we have a stranger come in the middle. Night, if we have disturbance outside, here is what we do, go to this location, well gather together, these are weapons we use, things well use to barricade the door if we have to. If you have a twostory, multistory home, kids are sleeping upstairs, theyre downstairs, maybe they cant rush down to the safe room you developed. Have a plan for them as well. Youre going to shelter in place up here. Youre going to try to get out this way. Can you get out through a window or whatever else . Same thing at the office. We want to try to develop a plan and share it with everybody there. I guarranty you if you have an emergency chances are it wont be while youre at your desk. Have a plan too, if im down in the cafeteria, or if im in the coffee shop or if im in the restroom where most, the phone rings or whatever else, what am i going to do then . Where am i going to go . How will i shelter in place there. The person waited outside. Hiding behind a bush waiting for the judge. The judge that we shot in reno several years ago, the shooter was a couple hundred yards away and shot out a window in the courthouse. What of it going to do . Look around and find that would double the bill is part and reduce them, mitigate those as much as we can. If we cant mitigate them, police we know they are there. Same way at home. One of the things we teach, what do you do with robbery, hiding places . Its hard to convince somebody to go out and cut out all the shops and stuff they spent so much money developing but what we can do is cut and download of it doesnt offer an attacker a hiding place. Or if we cant do that can we at least recognized so much behind it hiding behind there . What precautions can we take as we are approaching are going to look around to make sure no one is behind bushs . Can we put motion sensor lights that can come on, those types of things. We want to mitigate them as much as we can. State of alert and trust your instincts. If something feels bad chances are it is bad. If youre watching demonstrate and your senses are tingling and is awaiting a, this doesnt feel right, trust and whose instinct. Turned around and take a look at what is out there thats making you feel that way . Chances are if youre having those feelings of anxiety, something is wrong. Pay attention to your surroundings and yet to be of people around you. A lot of times were focused on what we are doing on their cell phones or newspapers, your court briefs in things like that that was track of whats going on around us. We dont know we are and we dont know what the people are doing around is the weve got to try to always look around and see whats happening so window, make a plan so we can react to whats going on. Practice daily. Practice daily means continue to develop your Situational Awareness to walk into an area, doesnt take long, walk into an area, thats an exit, there is an exit. Im walking through the