Come in tons of visitors come in and take their pictures here. We had dr. Ben carson about a half hour ago doing an interview. People just love come anything and posting a picture of themselves in the oval office. And so we have moved upstairs. Joe kaplan, in the really does have a Silicon Valley feel here. Well, thats the idea. We want to bring a piece of Silicon Valley here to cleveland and give people an opportunity from cleveland to connect and facilitate the Civic Engagement around the issues that are important to them. What role do you think facebook is going to play in this election in terms of connecting with political activists, with delegates and with voters . I think the main role that facebook plays is we are an open platform that gives candidates, voters, activists, anybody whos interested in politics an opportunity to share their ideas and to connect with people. And thats the role that facebook plays in both in this election here in the u. S. And in elections around the world. How is your boss, mark zuckerberg, following the campaign . I think that mark is really excited about the opportunities for people to connect on facebook and share their ideas about the campaign. Live, which weve talked about earlier, i think, is the biggest innovation around this campaign and these elections. Just the opportunity for people to come on to facebook and connect in realtime in a or very authentic way with the people that theyre connected to on facebook is is a real innovation, and its something thats changing the way politics takes place. Let me pick up on that point, youre part of the evolution in the media landscape. And i asked you earlier where you think this is all going, but just how quickly this is changing for those who want to get news, content and information . Well, one of the real Landmark Events around that was when cspan cameras were cut off, and they were able to use live, our live platform to broadcast what was happening in the house of representatives during the sitin recently. And i think thats the kind of thing were going to see all around the world, is people being able to share whats happening and whats important right in front of them with people around the world who otherwise would have no access and no understanding of the events that are taking place. So i think thats what were beginning to see x its happening much faster than anybody anticipated. And we think its really empowering to people and really opening up the process of governance and politics for people to see. Let me turn to the policy side of all of this. Weve talked to you in the past on our communicators program, what regulatory issues, privacy issues do you think well be dealing with in the next administration regardless of who wins in november . I think theres a really full set of issues around technology that the next administration will have to address. Highskilled immigration is very important to insuring that we have the talent here in the United States to continue to build inmow sative products Innovative Products and drive Economic Growth and job creation. There are a number of issues in terms of how the u. S. Relates to ore countries to other countries to insure that the internet remains a Global Platform for everyone. So the u. S. Has a really Important Role to play in insuring that we dont see the balkanization of the internet into a bunch of individual countryspecific internets. We need to keep this Global Network alive and the way that its grown up to date. And thats going to be a real challenge for the next administration. We see a lot of places around the world that are becoming more closed x they want to have a local internet that the governments have more control over, and i think thats something where the u. S. Government can play an Important Role in stressing the importance of an open internet. And in looking at the history of facebook which wasnt around when we were kids, youre part of that change, that growth that were seeing. Where do you see your role in all of this . Again, i think our role is just to be that platform that facilitates civic discourse. Just over the last 24 hours weve had more than 15 Million People engage in almost 60 million interactions about the Republican Convention thats taking place, and thats just here in the United States. So were able to pa facilitate facilitate that engagement that allows people to talk about the democracy that they want and the government that they want, and we think thats a really Important Role, and we hope to continue to play it. When you look at those numbers, they far exceed what numbers well see on commercial or cable television. Well, we have about almost 200 Million People mt. United states in the United States that are on facebook, and theres about 142 million registered voters. So you can just see that the volume of conversation that can happen on facebook is really significant, and were very proud of that. In the First Six Months of this year, we had 89 Million People, different people in the United States talking about the election and almost 2. 9 billion likes, comments, shares about the election. So you can see that this really is the place where conversation is taking place, and thats really important to our democracy. And finally, a question about my questions as the Vice President of Global Development for facebook, if you dont like my questions, what do you think . We have a number of very innovative tools that we can use when were not happy with the questions were getting, and this is one i think you should be wary of. Joe kaplan, thank you for your time. We appreciate it. Thanks very much, steve, appreciate it. And now about to get under way live, the European Unions high representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy will talk about the e. U. s new global strategy. This event is hosted by the Carnegie Endowment for international peace, and this is live coverage on cspan2. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] my name is bill burns, and im the president of the carpgy endowment Carnegie Endowment for international peace, and i am very pleased and honored to welcome high representative Federica Mogherini back. Just a few weeks ago, she [inaudible] an admirable and ambitious effort to think through how europe can best navigate a fastchanging International Landscape [inaudible] that wider landscape seems more crowded and more complicated than ever, and the reality is that almost everywhere you look on the geopolitical compass, our european allies are hard pressed. The deeply unsettling reality of brexit in the west, terrorism, massive migration crisis and now new uncertainties in turkey from south and a resurgent russia [inaudible] these pressures pose some very difficult questions about the future be of europe and its role in the world. Our Carnegie Europe center in brussels has worked hard to try to help answer them, and today high representative mogherini will lay out how she believes the e. U. Should respond. She has taken on this challenge with her characteristic skill, energy and imagination, traits that have proven indispensable to her rapid rise in european politics and traits that prove equally indispensable to bringing the comprehensive Nuclear Agreement with iran across the finish line almost exactly one year ago. We could not is for a more ask for a more timely conversation, and we couldnt be more fortunate to have the high representative. So with that uncharacteristically short introduction, i hope youll join me in welcoming high representative Federica Mogherini. Thank you. [applause] well, first of all, thank you, thank you very much for this opportunity to address is such a high [inaudible] high level audience. As you know, i was particularly eager to discuss global strategy here in washington and here at carnegie in particular. Carnegie has been involved very, very closely in the [inaudible] you have hosted a number of events and contributed actively to our [inaudible] as you know very well, the drafting of this strategy has been very open. Of course, our european institutions [inaudible] have played a crucial role, but it was not simply at government level x it never happened behind closed doors. This is a strategy for all our european citizens, and it is a strategy that speaks to our partners in the world. You have to be involved. You will have to be involved in the next stages of this process. So im particularly grateful for your comments, and i look forward to our discussion tonight. But i also wanted to discuss strategy here in the United States, because our transatlantic bond is an essential element not only of [inaudible] but of our policies and our daily work. Our friendship with the United States will be crucial to turning our vision into action both in europe and here in america. And especially when you look at regional and global government. In fact, key principles of the strategy match perfectly the work we have been doing together with u. S. Administration over past few years. I can peek [inaudible] i can speak for the last year and a half mostly in office. But just two days ago john kerry was in brussels. We were commenting together what was happening in turkey x im sure we will have the occasion to discuss during the q a session, is so i will not focus on that particular issue at the moment. But with his presence in brussels on monday, we had the Council Meeting ongoing, he became the firstever secretary of state of the United States to join our e. U. Foreign [inaudible] this tells you something. When you look at the global strategy and read about partnership, this is exactly what it means, that we need each other. I know this should be given for granted, but maybe it is not these days. None of us, neither our European Union, nor the United States, could deal with our common challenges alone. And its a long list of common challenges, unfortunately. Also no power could solve the crisis in syria or in libya alone. None of us alone could bring peace between us rile and the Palestinians Israel and the palestinians or insure that the nuclear deal with iran is strictly [inaudible] none of us alone could counter daish and radicalism effectively. This is the reason why im in this state today [inaudible] and the strength of this work is exactly in partnership and cooperation across the atlantic and further beyond the atlantic. So we need each other. Thats the main message that is also the core of the strategy. We need each other. Europe and the United States. And we need all global and regional powers to play their role. We need to investigate in partnerships invest in partnerships. Partnership means also that we need to invest in the strengths of our partners. Sometimes we believe that willing a weak having a weak interlocutor, a weak partner on the other side of the sea, in some cases of the mediterranean in the european case would have been easier for europe. I think weve learned the lesson, and we know today that the strength of our neighbors is our own strength. But we also need to invest in [inaudible] for regional and Global Cooperation and engagement. Think of the International Support group of syria. It was only last year, just a few months after the iran deal, that we managed to gather all the relevant powers around the same table. The United States, russia, or europe europe, saudi arabia, iran. And we all know how difficult thises process is this process is, but there is simply no other way to bring peace in syria other than working together. Even if it is very difficult. Actually, through the difficulties we face around that table, we understand better the difficulties we face on the ground. And such possibility for peace would not exist without our deal with iran and without the close cooperation between europe and america which made it possible. John kerry and i, sitting together with quite an impressive number of [inaudible] together we tarted we decided to revitalize [inaudible] and the reports we have come up with just a few weeks ago cannot be underestimated. If you want, we can come back to this in the q a. But for the first time ever, the u. S. , the e. U. , russia and the United Nations have agreed on the clear analysis of identification on the ground situation on the ground and also, more importantly, on recommendations on way to turning a twostate solution into with a reality. And together we have also agreed to engage more regularly with the key arab states, saudi arabia [inaudible] egypt for obvious reasons and jordan for its role [inaudible] so diplomacy these days, these are only a few days. Diplomacy in these days require a good dose of determination, consistency and also creativity. Maybe being an italian here brings a bit of added value. But europe can be a driving force when it comes to that. To a certain extent, resilience, but also creativity. As you all know, were 28. We have complicated institutions, and our complexity makes it maybe easier for us to understand others complexity and teal with that. And already and deal with that. And already negotiating among the 28 is good training for negotiates with the others around the world. So the u. S. And europe are the backbone, essential partners. And beyond that we have seen how crucial our cooperation is on the global [inaudible] together last year we have made the Paris Agreement on Climate Change possible. Together over the last year we have steered negotiations towards the Sustainable Development goals. And i really look forward to the two summits on migration this coming september at theup general assembly. Because never have so many people been on the move in the world. We have received migratory and refugee crisis very much as a European Crisis in the past year actually, i think it is high time for us to realize that people are moving in the world x we need to face a global phenomenon in a global way with a Global Partnership. And this is what we can do in september. Together i think we have the tools, the resources, the strength to govern this phenomenon in a spirit of partnership. And i am glad the that president obama shares the same vision for globallyshared responsibilities, a global framework for cooperation on migrations and a Stronger International [inaudible] of refugees. This has been the european way, and i say this is the [inaudible] you know, i remember very well the nights president obama was elected. We were all quite excited. He got on stage in chicago and talked about alliances to repair. Eight years on our alliance could not be in better shape. And i can only hope that next president of the United States will share his same commitment to our transatlantic cooperation and friendship. Our partnership and Global Partnerships are the only way to [inaudible] challenges but also to seize the opportunities of our times. Many have noticed here at carnegie that the global strategy builds on much more realistic assessments of our international environment. And you were mentioning this just moment before. I can quote for you the first sentence of the european [inaudible] strategy of 2003 that tated, started like this, i quote europe has never been so prosperous, to secure, nor so free. End of quotation. So we see today that world has changed dramatically and very quickly. And, indeed, this global strategy starts from the very different assessment of [inaudible] because the world has changed, our region has changed, but also europe has changed. Theres more complexity, but there are also more tools that we have in our toolbox to face reality. But if you look at these last week, even these last days, this last month, its quite clear that were living in challenging times. Weve had in sequence the british referendum, the attacks in nice, the situation in also here in america in orlando, tensions in the american societies, terrorist attacks in different parts of the middle east, africa, asia. And what is happening in turkey these days, im sure well come back to that in our conversation. And you think of those events, and you clearly get a picture of the challenges we are all facing together. Not only in europe, everywhere in the world. But we couldnt simply focus on the threats, and this is an essential part of our strategy. Also because otherwise it wouldnt be a strategy, it would be a list, a long list, of problems we face. [laughter] we also have to focus on what we can do to prevent future crisis and to get the opportunities to [inaudible] ive mentioned some of our common achievements from the deal with iran, and we believe the world still has a huge potential for Economic Growth and for development. We have a duty to make full use of such potential x this is our responsibility. And we believe in europe we have the power to do so. Obviously, together with our Global Partners and working as a true union, as a European Union that is really a union. In this work we dont start from scratch. Quite the opposite. Our union is already the biggest aid donor, the first trade part her and the main foreign investor in most countries in the world. From colombia where European Union is already very reliable and significant security provider. But too often in europe we dont realize how strong we are x sometimes we need friends outside of europe to remind us of our strength, of how important it is and which kind of responsibility we have. And the message that president obama have a couple of weeks ago in warsaw was extremely powerful in europe. We need sometimes to have our friends reminding us what we have achieved in last 70 years. Not only for the European Union, but also our partners in the world. But today we have to make sure that we use as europeans all the instruments that we have in a coherent [inaudible] and this is a key part, maybe the key part of the tragedy. And this would be but also the trumpets of [inaudible] turn into action with very concrete measures. The political will and the [inaudible] conflict for the control of land or even for the control of resources. Its made an unexpected comeback in recent years. But at the same time and in the very same conflicts sometimes, we need to [inaudible] new kind of wars. For instance, an information war. Some call it a propaganda war. Today we know that military might can be successful, but its never sufficient alone because of the complexity of the [inaudible] and everyone knows that resilience is the keyword in strategy, and one of our core ideas is that we wont manage to end or prevent conflict if society is not resilient. And i think societies at stake because the resilience alone will never make the [inaudible] you need societies to be open and resilient, and thats what makes also institutions in the long run [inaudible] human development, job creation, crime and [inaudible] and intersection of human rights are for us a [inaudible] are for us integral parts of our let me go back to antidaish [inaudible] we had just earlier today. A as you know, just one example. In this case the European Union is not directly engaged, and yet our contribution in syria and iraq is key. Why . Because we are working to to strengthen the countrys institutions including the Security Sector and the inclusiveness of the societies. Pleasure in particular in iraq. In iraq, for instance, we are demining the areas weve [inaudible] from daish to let the people of iraq go back to their homes and their lives. And all of this in todays reality is an integral part, component of our work force security. Be. [inaudible] another good example is the work were doing in africa. No one invests as much as we do on development population, especially in africa. But weve also finally realized took us some time that development is possible only when a countrys security is stable. And this is something our african friends know extremely well. It is impossible for a oat to thrive under for a society to theyve under the constant threat of a terrorist attack or militias or criminal gangs replacing the legitimate authorities. So just a couple of weeks ago i presented a new proposal to use the European Union funds to empower our partners to tackle their own security, strengthen governance and stability. And this is a way of engaging even more effectively in development and cooperation. So Capacity Building and Security Sector reforms are indispensable tens for us on steps for us on the path towards Sustainable Development. And this is the type of approach strategy takes. This is european way to engagement in the world. An effective, hopefully effective, mart mix of soft and hard power. The old idea that europeans are from venus, thats a bit of a threat changing reality. Actually, its quite outdated. Our union is already more, much more than a [inaudible] the future of our security is one where hard and soft power are much more blended than in the past. And this is why the strategy calls more europe to seek the full spectrum of defense capabilities. And the only way to do to is through stronger cooperation inside our union. We need to spend enough on defense, weve said it several times, but we also need to spend better on defense. We need to meet our collective commitment to invest 5 of our total 35 of our total equipment spend anything collaborative procurement. This is a way of [inaudible] we need to strengthen the Capability Development plan, we need to improve Cooperation AmongMember States through the European Defense agency. Security and Defense Corporation in our union has to become the norm and not the exception. This is one of the core elements of our work on security and defense. We still have not explored the full potential of our treaties in this regard. The treaties give us instruments and tools to [inaudible] political, consistent will and determination to use all the instruments we have. Excuse me. Dont say that europe is losing its voice. [laughter] for instance, you cannot afford having the flu. Prince, the strategy calls for addressing the obstacles which have is so far prevented the deployments of the battle groups, an instrument we have, an trumpet that could be needed, an instrument that we might be able to use in the coming future. This is what strategic autonomy means, and this is what our union must aim at. And you would like to be completely clear on this. There is no contradiction at all between the strategic autonomy of a stronger European Union and a Stronger Partnership between e. U. And nato. For this very reason, less than two weeks after the presentation of our strategy at the nato summit in warsaw, we have seened a declaration signed a declaration between the e. U. And nato to move our partnership to the next level. Our cooperation is getting closer and wider, covering new fields from Maritime Security to [inaudible] from cybersecurity to the fight against human smugglers at sea. Now, we are already working together, complementing each other in many parts of the world, from afghanistan to the aegean sea. And with the joint declaration we just signed is and were going to impresent in the coming months implement in the coming months, we have agreed to more coordination on exercises, a more integrated defense industry. Let me go even farther than that. Not only there is no contradiction, in odds words a strong nato in todays words a strong nato requires Strong Security cooperation inside the european uni. Union. The only way we can take responsibility for our collective security is through cooperation inside our own European Union. And the stronger European Union means a stronger nato. And let me remind us all, especially these hours, a strong nato is key to americas security. We are bound to be together. And that is the history of the last 70 years across the atlantic. And that is also the future we want for our children. Peace, security and prosperity both in europe and in america. And we are bound together. So we must combine together our heart and soft our hard and soft power. We must connect our work on curt and on development, we must couple conflict prevention and news making. We must join our humanitarian aids and our investment for jobs and growth and the action of private investors and civil society. Foreign policy community can be part of this work. Your ideas have helped us through the drafting and in the policy making. They were just as important as they have ever been in the decisions. You know, we were discussing this stuff and many told me after they suggested wider to wait and postpone the presentation. I thought in difficult times and in a difficult moment for the union and u. K. Our job is to focus on what is important. Our region is stable and the world is a better place. We have a responsibility as we see it. We are a responsible people. I know some attempted to demolish instead of building from what we already achieved but the secret of change is to focus all energy not on finding the old but living the new. So done with confusion. Rationality and courage are things we have. The history of europe has shown one of the things we do better is overcoming disabilities. The European Union was born on the ashed of world war ii. We turned a country in the most successfulgrations in the world and we just came out of the worst economic crisis of our time. We are strong. We have a lot to do, to improve and change but europe is strong and will grow stronger with its partners and the like. [applause] thank you so much for coming back to carnegie this evening. This is a reminder of the significance of the european project and the significant kif significance of the European Union. You mentioned you just finished a meeting with john kerry and the other members of the coalition. What do you thing is possible as you look at syria and iraq over the course of the coming here . How concerned are you that they might undermine the testament or the kind of role that was played . Do you think we can get closer to effective collaboration with russia . Or is that going to prove impossible to persuade russia to go toward the right transition. A lot of questions. You know, i think, difficult to say. One can be optimistic. That is not the way i try to deal with what we have and make the most of what we have. What we have in syria is complicated and difficult but it is a mission. I think it is the right one and working on three prior attacks and Different Actors of different roles. And this coming together as a targeted approach. It is a complicated situation. We have three elements. We have the military component where it is key u. S. And russia work as much as possible closely together including military coordination because they are the key people on the ground that can have an impact on syria. And then in the next area the European Union is more active. We are the only one present and we are the ones working hand and hand with the European Union to deliver humanitarian aid. But you have to have access to deliver aid. On the other side the suspicion of if you dont have improvements you are under mining them. And then the most important one, political one. And here again, it is mainly facilitating the different targets coming together. I cannot tell you if the European Union is not a military actor. So it is not for me to say that it is likely or not that the secession of a city will work. But what i tell you is i see a stake where for aid to reach all parts of syria is the decision of the people. I see the european nations taking roots trying to come together and work on what syria would look like. A city going toward the parliamentary system is what i see, going back to the original institution, way before assad. But also it would make the role of the government and somehow populate their voice. Finding society their access and participation is key. If we are all consistent and stay proper and the military components work, which isnt in our hands, i think we have a say. I hope this doesnt sound too optimistic in a moment where we see people coming to ground and more negative approaches when we were working on the iran deal we would have stopped years ago. You have to keep the objective point clear and find another entry point. Something about turkey . With regard to syria and the Daish Coalition and more broadly. Well, more broadly our you can look at the first one on that tragic night to speak cleary on the need to respect the democratic institutions. We know very well returning and no change in a country happens politically. And it was very interesting to see all political systems of the country were standing behind the democratic institution. This gives them the ability to say that there is no excuse for the legitimate institution to react in a way that is not the rule of law and the right to a fair trial of all those involved. It is very clear that any offense and penalties, i know this is not a poplar idea to the United States, but the United States is not look for a member with the European Union, and by the way, is a fundamental part of the human rights convention. So we are making it clear we are truly behind the institution, the democratic institutions, but there is no excuse, there is no way in which the reaction can undermine the fundamental treatment and what they are seeing, especially in the field of university, media, judiciary, is unacceptable. That is clear. Thank you very much. Just one other question from you before i open it up to the audience. Another obvious challenge has been brexit. It began as a global strategy, then was a looming possibility, and now it is a looming reality. I would like you to explain to me how do you see that effecting the strategy that you pointed out . How significant is the adjustment depending on the scenario that plays out . We were all hoping for a different result. Especially those who were google you. Now it is up to london to define how to turn the result of this referendum into an institutional decision. I am saying it is a possibility but it is not because i think there are people standing back but we are simply talking about something that happened, the brexit, at the end of the negotiation and not only hasnt started but hasnt been requested since. So at the moment, politically everything has changed but institutionally and formally the u. K. Is a full member of the European Union and will stay a member of the European Union for quite some time because negotiations take time and it hasnt been started or reque requestederequeste requested. Until that moment, the end of negotiations, the u. K. Will continue to be part of our coalition with a presence in our organizations for missions and the u. K. Has no signs of wanting to withdraw from that and trade agreements and diplomatic efforts and work at the European Union and in aid. We are picking up 60 hours monday in the area. What would change afterwards . It would be dependent on what kind of relationship the European Union and the u. K. Have. This is the result of internal thinking that has not really started yet. And it is impossible to predict. I personally think both the u. K. And European Union have the interest to work as closely as possible in terms of politics because we share the same vision, we live on the same continent, we have the same interest, and the global strategy we are discussing is a global strategy the u. K. Also is in. We will see what kind of determinations come in london. I am confidant that the governments will come up with some clarity. What is clear is that for sure the countries are continuing to Work Together as neighbors. Many are telling me the European Union is keeping a lot in terms of Foreign Policy and continues to. It is a strong member of the security council. It is the main dollars in aid, we have the largest Diplomatic Network in the world some would say. There is a couple people hesitant of that. I can take what you wanted to say after this. That is all. Think of what the u. K. Loses. Depending on the wages but i would imagine they will be invited to take parts in missions as is the case where canada, columbia, chile or korea. That is not part of the Decision Making process. It is going to be interesting. Interesting is a very diplomatic way of putting that. I am learning. Thank you very much. Raise your hand, wait for the microphone, and just identify yourself, please, and remember to end with a question mark. Thank you. My question is concerning the talk about syria. You said now that state for transition and neighbors are convinced there is no solution. Does this include russia and iran . And the other part of the question is what power does the European Union have to convince people on the ground . Thank you. Our own neighbors russia and iran, for sure, are convinced. I think that actually they both might be worried that there could be an all military approach to the process because it could be come a trap for both of them. Some people have spoke or written about in afghanistan for russia which is not the case today. Russia has a Muslim Population so the risks are high. But i see russia and iran are aware of the fact that the political setting is the only way. There might be some doubt in some other degree on the effectiveness of a political solution. My simple suggestion is that after six years of work, if there was, that is why because they have no long wj problems. That is the americans. Even if the british could argue. In the military solution, it takes the military in syria are saying there is so much crime that the political input is very mute. If someone has a vision of winning a war after six years on the ground i think it is just an illusion. The only way is political transitions which will also call for some compromise. I am not a believer but the transitional will require folks to compromise. At the end of the day, it is their country. What kind of leverage do we have for assad . The European Union is not the first to do have this. The European Union currently has good relations to all. It is not a part of of we still have a Technical Office to deliver aid and we still have channels open. But again, the thought that the others on stage would be able to be understandable to sit somewhere in geneva and see them dying on the ground in other places. It is xheetly not credible for the syrian. The first thing they have to do is by ownership of the program. I think we learned or lesson well. Yes, sir . Hi. You said europe has a lot on its plate. I was wondering if you could talk about how much of a priority the negotiations with the United States in light of all this other stuff you have to deal with. Thank you. That is a very interesting question. It is a top priority. Relations with the United States and i hope i am clear about this and trade relations with other partners like canada or mexico are also very important for us. For two reasons. One is we are convinced a trade agreement with the United States of that kind i cannot go into the details but it would be extremely beneficial for the european and american countries. We need to invest in job creation, growth and trade and we see this bringing that success and also lets be clear, we are national friends. We are brothers and sisters. If we cannot have a trade agreement with them than with whom can we . It answers the questions the old dpreement system that treatment system that we are arguing for is clear. But i think it is combination of two elements. There are advantages on both sides and the political significance of the partnership would be really important. So we really hope that we a couple weeks ago, i met with president obama and we extended our commitment to Work Together. I think we have time for a couple more questions. Way, way in the back. I have a couple questions if we have time. That is fine. That is good. I was wondering you mentioned that the coop cannot change a legitimate government and i was wondering if that is consistent with european an sale for the military in egypt . I dont hear you. Could you repeat the last part . I was wondering how the policy against coop is considered policy toward the military because that is one question and lets take one more so we can answer together. Yes, please. Do you see the east and if so, how . On egypt, we have a quite n consistent policy. We Work Together on some regional issues or on libya or on syria. We have fought for human rights and it is part of our daily work from the ground. We support i keep saying the word because human rights offenders on the ground and we have human right and the role of society as part of our highlighted topics. I met the minister just this morning. And as you know our Security Corporation has been on hold for a while. I think it is consistent politics. On the other side, the european way is also a way of engagement. It is also something i strongly believe in. It is especially when you have problems with a partner that you need to talk. Interactive communication is a good idea. Critical engagement is the way in which we can first of all keep contact with the pop because we have a Significant Exchange with egypt and the west. It is a compromise. And on how to if it will push for a policy of the European Union will have to be respected. I think i made it quite clear, yes. First of all, i think that it is also different. The u. K. Will somehow get a reality check. We are talking about the defense issues let me use the it is somehow for those in the European Union that brexit will cause more problems and i think they see london has more problems than brussels today. So i am convinced and by the way, in Foreign Policy and particular and Security Policy in particular, every single european country if you need to negotiate a trade agreement with china or a military operation in the mediterranean or work with countries in africa to manage migration and do it as a single country of europe you have less instruments then if you will pull together all of our instruments. This is why you hear so much from london even in this space that way want to keep the strongest possible corporation because they see very well that together we are stronger in the world. The bigger you are, the power you have. You are more powerful and your policies are more accepted. So this is a global strategy. The starting point of this is if we are together as europeans