Have 2 million. When Lilly Ledbetter discovered that no Aspen Institute years at goodyear she was making 40 less than three other areas managers doing the same job. 200,000 in her career, that was not taken into consideration for retirement and social security. For women of color the it is larger. In 2010 africanamerican women were earning 67. 7 to everymans dollar and Hispanic Women 58. 7 of all mens earnings. Lilly ledbetters story is everyones story. There are sixty million working women in the work force, two thirds are mothers bringing home their familys earnings. In many cases women ought sold breadwinners. From wall street to walmart it doesnt matter where you work, women are discriminated in the work force and that is a very broad statistical picture of the wage gap and Lilly Ledbetter is the poster child for the wage gap whether she wanted to or not. Here is her story from her point of view and that is just one womans experience. What we did is we put a lot of information in the back of the book about the paycheck fairness act which still needs to be passed and about hay equity and the wage gap. If you read the story you also have that which you look at as a resource for your own needs. We hope things will change. We will open it up for questions. I will give you two answers right of. I do not know who gave me the note because what happened, i got in the mail the latest evaluation sheet anonymously mailed so i dont know who gave it to me, where it came from and you would be interested to know goodyear could not produce my first file. One of my bosses said he thought they burned and the judge came across that bench and said that explain the law to you goodyear attorneys. When a person files they charge you are required by law to retain those records until it is closed but they could not produce it and so it wasnt there but that is all we had other than our pay records, my attorney could finally get from goodyear. I dont know who gave me the note and i dont buy goodyear tires. I do not. If i buy a vehicle and it has the my get rid of them immediately. One thing that is interesting to point out, you spend over a decade fighting the battle and when you got to court in 2003, the number of legal documents that the case generated, if you stack it up it would be three stories high. It is hard to understand what someone really goes through and how much time, effort, energy, heartbreak, sorrow, experience standing up for what is right. I am the type of individual like it and let it go. It was not right. I could not let it go. The law was on my side and all the outcry against the Supreme Court about this ruling until the next ridiculous case that came about something similar was the lady who filed a charge of equal employment and it was on the wrong form or wrong date or something and should not have been let go but it is okay, let that one go. Those shots were not called but that is my opinion. She is right. It was a long fight and hard on individuals, hard on their families. We could not leave home like on a vacation or go on a trip without revising the attorney where we were and how we could be reached. For ten years. It took me nine years to get my final verdict. I told my husband took nine years and it actually took 18 months to get the bill changed. Why did you tell them eight . What were you thinking . I read the headlines. You dont see indications in the paper of a quick fix. They drag, in the last three years, the equal Employment Commission has doubled down and they have more money. I do a lot of work with them now. One thing they are doing is going around training cities and county and governments that dont bring in official people or train them on what they should be doing and they go in and train those people and therefore they dont make these mistakes. Theyre doing a lot of preventive work as well as if you check the paper periodically you will see a large sum that they have won from an individual. They get it all, that person does. The government doesnt keep any of it. In my case when i talk about money, that 360, had the Supreme Court awarded me like they should have, my attorney i had to pay federal and state tax on all of it in lieu of wages. I would have had less than 50,000 and spent 40 of my own money. Wasnt a complete washout. I have already spent 40,000 and i worked every weekend getting ready to go to trial and i was there for every deposition. I think you will enjoy the book. If you working a plan now or worked there or you know somebody that worked there with a lot of you do, you are going to say i knew that. I saw that. You really will. How about questions . I am sure you have something you would like to ask. I have a comment. I think it is extraordinary that you have spent as much time as you have to do this the cause a lot of people would not have done it. And i think we all need to take a lesson from that and i think not on the issue of womens pay, but i am concerned about lot of people trying to stop them from voting. You are right. And we all need to be concerned about that. That is true. I commend you for all you have done. We have a question over here. We did ask that you talk in the mike when you ask a question so everybody can hear. This is a double question for you. The date that the Supreme Court grade its decision i would like to know what you felt. I would also like to know how you felt the day president obama signed the law. Great question. The day i heard the verdict my husband and i started a Singing Group that the church. When i got the call, we thought we would go have lunch and golan our merry way. The media started calling and lawyers said you dont have to respond but i didnt have anything to be embarrassed so if they call us come on in and we opened the door and they came in, video and reported and Hank Williams that night with a hook up, did questions and the next day cnn came and it was one media radio norman lear called that night and said i will send do you know how i am . Yes, you made the jeffersons and all in the family. That is what i remember. We videoed all day. It is still running, some of the money youtube. You cant believe what you see on tv because they read around your house, take your phones and the dining room table and coffee table and a cake and i say i dont think so, i logged 3. 8 million and you want me to make a cake . He said you got a coffeemaker. My husband is retired military. He is the big coffee person. They had to pour it out and make some more. When we went to the white house for the bill they called me and said you does your daughter wants to come . We had both been on the train trip with the obamas and the bidens and i said i will call her and the lady who called set i have to get her cleared and it is not easy so let me know quick. I called my daughter at 6 00 a. M. In the morning, and in another are she called back saying you get five of us in. I was so embarrassed, my soninlaw and my grandson, i got that much swing. We went in that house, walked up the gate that morning and all those women and men, you would have thought i was a rock star. My grandson was this big looking at me saying they have never been involved in any of this. We get into the white house and they pulled me out separate and meeting all the people and signed the bill, that was an awesome walk down the red carpet. The feeling i had because i had prayed so hard, youre not supposed to pray for personal things like that but i had prayed that would send a message. It was the first bill he signed into law. I was the second one that got to dance with him at the neighborhood. Theres a picture in the hardback Washington Post and you can get them on line. While we were revers he said we are going to do this. I knew he wasnt talking about dancing. He was talking about the Lilly Ledbetter bill. We are going to do this. He saw it through and got it done and it went through and he signed it but when that can hit that paper it meant so much to so many. That was what went through my mind, all of you working out there today, that you have that right and you find out ten years from now you have been discriminated against and file that charge in 180 days. It was an awesome feeling and we went into the reception and that was the first one they had done since they got there and that was the first time the womens groups in washington had been to the white house in eight years, eight years. They had not been there. They have all refreshments set up and i looked at all those dishes and the food and i sure did what some, they told my daughters family you cant move. If you do you lose your seat. My daughter said get coffee and the white house and it was neat to be there and Hillary Clinton came in and she was secretary of state, all of those politicians, republicans and democrats, those people standing behind me are republicans but i had three checks offered to me that day to run for office and i turned it down because i do more good going to college campuses, military bases, law schools and anywhere else. Monday, i addressed the assembly at the capitol in california. That was an awesome experience as well. I have been some places, three more years to another book, where i have been, it was happening because it has been real. The door is open and i had dinner in the hall monday night, Marshall Loeb who starred in fortune magazine. After looking at the chandeliers and all the things on the wall and on the floor, i participated in a fundraiser in new york. Not to give any money but being very creative lot of excitement, pictures, and i spoke, and spoke to the panel and went up the ladder to raise money to get women into politics and that was an awesome experience, so many boards. I have to do something on my list in 2010, justice ruth beta ginsberg, also the first ordinary citizen to testify for elena kagan when she was confirmed and i didnt take that lightly. I researched her, i knew had been at harvard and found out her background and looked her record up and supported her and i was the first to testify for her. It has been an awesome journey and everyone of those, when i did the thing on the counter, valerie jarrett, told me he was getting tired of getting me approved to get into the white house, he just got me a permanent pipe. A lot of people think i only want one time. I was supposed to have been there monday but already had a commitment in california and i have never missed a commitment yet. I had the flu once and tried to get over it but he said could you stand up at the podium for 15 minutes . We have people to montgomerie from birmingham and surrounding areas, got my cousin to drive me in, kept my record and missed one year. I am getting close. It is amazing. I got one in the back of the room. Who would you pick to play a part of Lilly Ledbetter . I would like to have merrill street. There will be a meeting with my attorney, im eating a movie producer from california. He is an alabama native, movies in this state and that is all i know about him and we have offers from tv channels to make movies but to hollywood, they will get meryl streep. If i had gone with the Publishing House at disney and abc, they have direct contact, meryl streep does a lot of work for women and has given oprah 1 million for the Womens Museum in washington d. C. The bill has been placed in the house. They are raising money. We dont have a Womens Museum in washington that she would be the one, a younger daughter to play that would be my choice but i dont think i will have much influence. We got questions right here . I would like to commend you for your tenacity from in everything you have done. And strengthen you in everything he has ordained for you to do. What i would like to ask is do you not say there is a paycheck fairness lot . The, are you receiving bipartisan support . Is it democrats, republicans, where has this data been and where is it being past . It will come up again and it will place, but what happened was it crinkles. Not really. If that had been the law when i was at goodyear and shortly after i could have found out because i did ask. Goodyear said they wished i had come to them first. I did. What my boss said, too much bs. They said the words, he said the exact words. I asked him from time to time to check and see about the top, the mid and bottom costofliving increase those figures, somebody at goodyear new. I dont know of john knew or not but he worked there. I didnt know. I dont know if anybody ever knew. I would say have you found out . He said i havent had time to check. They were not going to give me an answer. When i got the note i went straight to the boc because it was time to send paycheck fairness will come up again. The only reason it didnt was they had just gone back and and there was no republican going to cross that line, that two the other lady, i called them. They called me back. They called me at home. I sat up in washington and knocked on all those boards. In those days if you are a lawyer from the National Womens law center, maybe one or two others, we would call on congress, house people and the senate. In the beginning we only got the assistance. Now i can walk in the door. There is harry reid, i will see harry reid. If it is senator leahy from vermont i will see him. I have travelled across the country for each of those people. I have been to california for George Miller and thank him because it was his committee is named the law Lilly Ledbetter. I am told i am the only alabama with a long name for them. It is not common. There are less than 35 in history. I will be going back to Seattle Law School in seattle, washington, next month. Theres a lady there that has been doing research. This is not a common thing to have a law and is like congressman miller said, we dont blame them for people like you. We named them for ourselves, whoever they get drafted a bill. Any other questions . Vibrant to thank you. Before you got that note, did you suspicion, did you have any suspicion that you were not being paid . Common sense would tell me based on the treatment and a lot of other things you read in the book, commonsense told me they were not paying me what the men were being paid. I was a trailblazer. I dont think any woman last as long as i did in that job. When i got that note and saw how much less and calculating liar over time and retirement, i wasnt even in the ballpark. I was in a different game to tell you the truth. Divided in close it would have been okay because they did the change to the pay for performance. Every which way they wanted to give the money out basically. I did not know. I did not know or i would have filed a charge i can tell you. I filed a charge in the 80s to get my job back and keep from losing the job i had. That is our record too and is mentioned in the book as well. I knew the system. I knew where to go and how to file a charge and worked for h r block and those people and locations. This question is for Lanier Scott Isom. Can you go through the process of you with Lilly Ledbetter linking up and how many pages of notes you have from her . Thousands. Thousands. I met Lilly Ledbetter right after the bill was signed when there was a profile for statewide magazine. When she decided she wanted to do a book, she wanted an alabama rider and like the article lot. We had a natural sort of rapport and lowend the old we got together and started talking more Lilly Ledbetter started talking and i started listening and writing. It was tough because Lilly Ledbetter was traveling so much and we talk a lot on the phone and i did a lot of research, but it took a year of research and interviewing and writing the book proposal to sell the book. Nine months to finish the book can nine month for publication. That was the process. That is the picture on the bottom, birmingham photographer. Birmingham photographer alabama native. We did a tour and where i grew up and all that section on the video running right now. The family cemetery. Birmingham, and linear, it is not made a dime and not getting any advice and where we started together, by the time we got through, he went to washington the first time and sat behind me during the testimony and was so mad, so infuriated and when he came to do the trial, he wasnt sure how people in alabama would respect him or accept what he said so he brought one of the partners in the firm who was a short red head sort of sandy hair dye. John would get furious at him because he did not do what he wanted and he is one of those precise people who has been really good to me and when my husband died he was there, came to receiving that night. He has always been there for me. He went to washington for the bill signing. That is interesting too. He was in court and his wife, he had a system that worked. A plane ticket from atlanta to washington to baltimore because her mother lives in baltimore. She flew in theres a thousand dollar plane ticket waiting for you, you fly out there and go to that bill signing. He really had a good time. He enjoyed himself and got a lot out of people and it was good but somebody asked what he did for clothes. He said he didnt have a bag, but started at oxford. He had fresh clothes and it was good. He was hair, a Washington Attorney was there and cam russell went to italy with me because john was the first choice because he couldnt end court trial and he didnt go and his harvard student, he lost the biggest case of his life and won a trip to italy. I tell people i didnt pay him and he bought me a pair of italian leather shoes. It has really been interesting. A lot of places i go i dont have any money. I dont have any money that i get. I may speak to a group and when i leave they have 164,170 and a note for gas. I come out and people have taken care of me or god has, i dont know. Somebody told me god wasnt finished with my life and i guess he wasnt. When i went to good year they i university of alabama, a series of tests. Mine showed my number one job should have been politics, public speaking. I thought that was the funniest thing ive ever read. Now i tell College Students dont take those tests seriously. They mean something. If there are no other questions we will save you some books and sign some books. If you bought one did you get the pen . I have it framed. I will tell you about my house. All the boys took all of my husbands things, all the military awards and things. Only one left. My middle grandson went to auburn and carries a big eagle and spun it around, and grading and got it down in auburn but they carried that and i got the family pictures down, now it looks like the museum. I got an honorary doctorate of law in 2010 from the City University of new york. I earned it. It only took 12 years to get that. I could have gotten a real one and left but that was quite an honor and my daughter and youngest grandson when on that trip. Those grandsons, their eyes grow big when we get off of the airport, the person standing over Lilly Ledbetter we get in a limo and they drive as round and he likes that. The oldest one went with me when i went to harvard. He just turned 21 so he went to harvard, he and his mother did. I also have a plaque presented to me from louisville, kentucky, engraved. It says thanks for going to bat for the women of kentucky. I have a big stick painted and design from new york, a huge, huge waterford bowl on my dining room table that came three years ago, the national convention. I have been honored so much, all my china cabinet, i have a collection of crystal like we used to get, i liked it and i took that out and have all these awards. Hmmm military base came back, this hilarious i went into the airport and a guy said you cant have that there. I might as well have it, youre going to take it now. It is really interesting. The plaque from harvard last time had 0. 77 at the top. The young man i hired to come and help me get it fixed and framed, the lady who framed my pen and my bill free and that is a 500 job with two bigs and also now kentucky colonel, proclamation on that came in, it was signed and just as good. Two Lilly Ledbetter days in the state of illinois, the governor came in both times and presented those. Lilly ledbetter day in chicago in Committee Community and the commissioners did that one and all over the country and i like new mexico and arizona and all the states i have been, i have been everywhere, almost every state and go back two or three times so it has been an interesting life so far. Lilly ledbetter they in gadsden, too. The mayor has one three years ago and i hoped they would give me that picture of the one with a green jacket. It was bigger than the one on the wall but they kept it. We had Lilly Ledbetter day here. That is the only one in the state of alabama. I got proclamations from the two governors but they had to come through the Democratic People in montgomery. They didnt come he didnt just volunteers them. The inaugural ball. Was the president very good. Very good. He has a lot of rhythm. How does he know how to dance so well . How did you do . I had ballroom dancing. The grace and grit, she found out i did ballroom dancing for 28 years and competed. I went all the way to the grand nationals in miami, fla. And everyone of them National Champion ballroom dancer. She said you are a rubber worker and you can ballroom dance . Something to build interest in. That is where my granddaughters name is phrased but nothing to do with her. That strictly came from Lanier Scott Isom and i like and the article she did for the magazine they had a tire with brakes on one side we couldnt do that on the book. Thank you for coming. Thank you for having me. [applause] this bracelets i am wearing says dont settle for less. I really like that on college campuseses. I have another one that says make a difference and i told my pastor i wanted that to be a lifeline, she made a difference. Thank you. Thank you, folks, for being here, thank you. [inaudible conversations] my case coming back, i want to come back when this is over with and lay the law down what is going on with this country. You people have been giving me this for a long time. I want to get this case coming up. I want to tell the United States of america what is going on. To go all the way back to italy, he settled here in rhode island, worked his way up, first doing lowlevel kinds of crime but eventually became the crime boss of new england with his headquarters on federal hill in rhode island. Sometimes people think mob guys are that is not true at all. They have people who are incredibly intelligent. They pulled scams on wall street that would make Bernie Madoff look like a piper but they had a traditional kind of organized crime which were shaking down people, and extortion, they viewed it as protecting business from other guys who might try to shake you down. Murder for hire etc. Their repertoire grew and grew as a result of trying to protect their turf and their way of doing things. More from rhode island state capital as a booktv, American History tv and cspan local content vehicles look behind the scenes at the history of literary life of providence today at noon eastern on cspan2s booktv and sunday at 5 00 on American History tv on cspan3. Next a look at how Data AnalysisHealth Officials improve Public Health and safety. Speakers include cheap digital officer in new york city who talks about the response to Hurricane Sandy and the president of the Polytechnic Institute. This is part of the world in 2013 festival held at New York University hosted by economist magazine. [applause] welcome back. Just a little introduction to the session. We have been hearing all day about data and has worked in our life and what is going on, speakers will talk about that and we are looking forward to that. The first speaker is the hon. Shirley ann jackson, the eighteenth president of Polytechnic Institute in new york in hartford, connecticut. This is the oldest institute in United States and it is my pleasure to announce her now. [applause] good afternoon. You know, theres a significant transformation under way globally in the way we make predictions, products, connections and ultimately progress or not. The transformation i am speaking of is being driven by the extraordinarily rapid expansion in the availability of data from multiple sources and ever more powerful analytical and computational capacity generating new information. Let me begin quickly with a vignette that may be a harbinger of things to come as superstorm sandy, you know a lot about it, was beginning to gather steam in the caribbean five days before slammed into new jersey and new york u. S. Forecasters were predicting a monster storm but were uncertain of its path. By most indications of this unusually powerful and complex storm would graze the coast but move back into the north atlantic. However there were steady reports of the european model predicting a sharp left turn into the coast of new jersey and new york with potentially devastating consequences. The u. S. And european models emerged but the europeans got it right first, giving a little more time for those in sandys have to prepare, no doubt saving lives. The difference in the early predictions were the inputs and capacity of computers doing the modeling. It is intimated by what happened in the sandy forecast newly available information, how it is accessed, will become ever more vital as a force to shake and change our world. Big data driven innovation will be a driver for changes in science and society over the next 50 years and in much the same way quantum science was to technological and Economic Development in the 20th century. Moreover there is a rapidly growing network of networks, the socalled internet of things in which our daily lives depend including power, water, retail, financial, manufacturing, social networks. Together these comprise what the director of the High Performance computing center, dr. Chris carruthers describes as a human sustainability network, all driven by the interplay of data, physical systems, High Performance computing and analytics. I predict big data and Network Science are going to merge burying the internet of data with the internet of things in new ways and this will be world changing. Just as in the 1800s there with a shift from electricity as a curiosity to a commodity made possible by the emergence of electrical engineering. So too are we in the midst of a shifting data as a commodity. More importantly data as a resource in ways not previously imagined. The data is growing in a volume greater than the tools available to process it the new tools are being engineered to enable us to take massive amounts of structure and unstructured data and create useful information. In the past three years the number of Government Data, federal Government Data sets available on data sharing sites has grown from 57 to 1 million. The numbers expected to exceed ten million by 2015. Dr. Jim henler, collaborating with white house, has developed smart innovations that allow Government Data from a huge variety of sources to be combined in unexpected and beneficial ways. The infrastructure and technology they have created makes it possible for others to match up data bits and develop 1200 applications that are driving public policy. If we take full the advantage of these emerging technologies, new opportunities will be created by the ability of smart analytics to anticipate and predict events and mitigate them. The intersections and interactions are complex. The outcomes can be powerful and risky, powerful in that we will be able to seek connections we would not have seen otherwise and better predictive capabilities particularly on the trending of things but risky in that interconnectedness can lead to unintended consequences like flash crashes. As we saw all too clearly in the devastating ways with Energy Communication and Transportation Systems in the aftermath of sandy into connectivity has enormous opportunities and intersecting vulnerabilities with cascading consequences. I predict the level of interdependence of these interconnected networks will grow rapidly in the next year and beyond. If we are able to take advantage of the ubiquity of data the interconnected the of data and things, powerful new analytical and computational tools to stay ahead of the curve, the future is ours. There may be questions about the value of digital information. I further predict that because of the ability to gain new information and insights from data and implicitly the ability to mary data with things, new economic models will emerge around data driven information and innovation, day at rest and data in motion and there will be growing conflicts around the modernization of data particularly with respect to ownership and security. We have to ask questions whether the Economic Modeling can keep up. How will this shape of . Only time will tell. [applause] it is my great pleasure to introduce Rachel Sterne haot, new yorks First Digital officer. Shea modernize the relationship between government and public and helped the engagement. [applause] thank you so much. I am happy to follow the hon. Shirley ann jackson because i agree with everything she said. I will be fairly brief and tell you a couple stories but essentially in new york city itself has a very data driven mentality and we have a data driven mayor in mayor bloomberg and what we see is our prediction is starting to be realized. In the coming your government will use data to help to improve the way we deliver services to the public, to help anticipate problems before they become problems and ultimately to save lives. A few ways it will do this is first by internally tapping the potential of this vast storage of data we do have access to and making sure agency to agency we are able to show that data and make sure city to city and the government to government we are sharing data and the most exciting frontier of this is when we open date resources to the private sector to technology, civic innovators and can help us come up with solutions we cant do on our own. A couple examples of this include the work being done by fantastic guy called mike flowers. You can check him out in the city of new york. The city has 900 open datasets available to the public and mike uses data to find ways to help save lives. One way he has done this by coordinating data sets that never came together, from the department of buildings, the tax office and finance bureau, we have been able to find a way to reduce firefighter injuries by 15 because mike and his team can identify and increased likelihood of illegal conversion of an Apartment Building by looking at the number of people on a tax record to say they live in one place. In addition mike and his team have been able to reduce significantly the amount of time it takes an ambulance to get to people in need. They looked at a map and saw clusters allover and configure out why they were clustering in the same places. Turned out people who were operating ambulances need three things 24 7, food, coffee and a place to go to the battered and find another places throughout the five burrows where you serve those needs they were able to reduce the Response Time by a man of an ambulance which is a critical amount of time. Finally going back to Hurricane Sandy the city of new york has 42 years exposed the Hurricane Evacuation zone datasets to the public and this is incredibly critical for us because when mayor bloomberg issued an order to evacuate we have such an influx of traffic that our servers were struggling to keep up with requests for people trying to find out which Hurricane Evacuation zones they were in. We shared that data with google crisis groups, the new york times, with the full public who was all available and able to use it and they built a fully functioning interactive Hurricane Evacuation zone map that help step in and serve that function and help those do our job and we estimate served 10 to 20 times more people than we would have been able to on our own. Big data creates this potential much white government that we are able to accomplish so much more together than we ever could on our own. Thank you very much. [applause] one of the questions i wanted to ask you about was Hurricane Sandy and wondering if you could talk about what you learned about designing and collecting data. Absolutely. We have learned an enormous amount with hurricane irene, starting to share that data so in the days approaching hurricane as we saw Hurricane Sandy approaching the city we knew was critical to have that data in a format that was able to be used. The office of Emergency Management changes where those Hurricane Evacuation zones are based on the weather system coming in and different conditions and where the waters are so they rapidly had to establish the new Hurricane Evacuation zones and get out in a format that was critical and what we found, we had done a couple postmortems with google prices group and other civic nonprofit volunteer groups that want to be helpful and serve the public, it is critical we have the infrastructure in place before hand and we have the data in a standard way, in a realtime format so that they have the utmost uptodate data. It is often stored in different ways, has different titles, different categorization and difficult to bring together two data sets if theres not a level of normalization. We werent talking about resilience. As you are gathering the state saying there are key parts of the city that need to be maybe we could see that in place. Absolutely and that is one of the things we are actively doing right now. Google is a good partner. We are also looking at ways that we can collect that data potentially from the public which is a very new thing for government to consider how we make sure it is a forte of enough and factual enough when it comes from the average citizen but how do we acknowledge that . In new york city we have one of the most connected technologically savvy populations in the world and could be a very powerful source of data if they are willing to help with that effort. Lets step back a moment and draw you both into the conversation. I was struck by the vision, some things about everything you are doing and talking about government and Institutions Holding a vast amount of data. That is troubling to people. It is the question of how much is knowable and i think human beings, we walk around expecting a certain amount of certainty. We dont expect the government to be able to go to our neighborhood and to know how many crimes, how many parking tickets, all the things, layer upon layer and on top of that, what they buy. That horse is out of the barn so i think the real question is how do we create a kind of well, a collective viewpoint about how we use data to improve the way we live. Let me go back to Hurricane Sandy because it illustrates a number of points i was trying to make. You already talked about essentially some elements of the logistics of Disaster Response but there is an ability to be more sophisticated about that and to do model not only before hand but in real time, to engage as you said, citizens in helping to feed those models that that requires a lot of capability, infrastructure and computational power. The second part has to do with predictive capabilities. The models dont just depend on data from the internet. They come from satellites, buoys, weather stations, airliners, even commercial airliners, the issue becomes how do you bring all of that together in powerful ways that get improved predictive capability as well as perhaps having Smart Networks where what happens in one part of the network doesnt come in to a Central Point but can inform what happens to other things in that network and the final piece which i think is very powerful in terms of planning because you talk about how to build cities better but if you have with a population of new york . 8. 3 Million People already living here there is another kind of internet of things that can play into these and that has to do with infrastructure modeling and monitoring and that becomes its own internet of things and when you marry that which can tell you something about how the infrastructure is holding up and performing, even holding up and performing in normal circumstances but especially when you have on board events, that can play into the Disaster Response model. That is the marriage of internet of data with the internet of things. The building making the 999 call, one call as well as human beings. Quality factor. Some things about the collapse. You can sensor it. Why would you send firefighters or Emergency Response people into some facility that is about to collapse . Did you answer my question about how did use a we need to come to a consensus . We need more conversations about the common good and to animate those discussions with examples. Then the question is how do you protect your privacy . In the beginning it starts with you. Many of us have so much of ourselves out there whether it is facebook, twitter, whenever so that is what we have to think about. In a way, once the Digital Footprints are created in last a very long time but maybe theres a cloak of privacy that comes from the ubiquity of data, becomes so much there that it is of less interest. What i found intriguing about Political Campaign this time around is the extent to which it was possible to marry big data and consumer data and predict you can call it whatever you like in a sense it doesnt really matter whether they know exactly how i am going to vote but they know that i have a prius so they may be able to guess that i will donate and volunteer for a democrat, so that in itself seems to me i dont even have to give away very much in you already know me and i find that troubling. Maybe you could talk about the economic consequences . Making you talk about economic resources. Is that right . If you think about the infrastructure consequences for new jersey and new york where the governors in fact made appeals to washington for support in the range of 70 billion, that shows you the consequence of a result of a cascading consequence. On the other hand, one can use the data to strengthen infrastructure, to create new models that go into new codes that can lead to new ways people develop infrastructure which can itself create new enterprises but can also strengthen the economic base of the city in this case or the country. I was also talk about economic models, a question of the value is in how the data is put together. And how you monetize that value is an open question. Lets go back a little bit to the morality question which i see as maybe we should think about framing at as what we hear from the public a lot in new york city is they want this data. That is my data. By opening it up there is an element of you are empowering people to have information that is completely unprecedented. The level of information the average citizen has access to has never been at this stage and it helps us to potentially have a more informed citizenry and engage populations. We talk about this engagement with the data. We talked of little bit before about the public data. The city hosts some contests, very successful competition going into its fourth year. Through this contest which is sponsored by bmw ventures at no cost to the city or taxpayers, have incentivize the creation of 150 different apps using city data and everything from finding the nearest recycling receptacles to a green market that is close to more fun things, if you check into a restaurant that is in danger of being closed because of a health care violation you get an alert on your mobile device. Called dont eat act so there is really a wide range. Were looking at is how we match make a little better between especially new yorkers and the wonderful capabilities of our Tech Community and the great thing is there are some many people who want to give back and theres no greater sense than a city like new york. It creates a great opportunity to solve interesting problems and help people. One quick comment. Depending on how data is used it does not always have to have personal identified attachments for. Some of what we are talking about doesnt require the most personal information to be useful. The city of new york is fully respectful of all privacy concerns any possible way you can imagine. Anyone using this data will say they abide by the rules but never the less would you not agree that we are moving in a particular direction and it is difficult to go backwards and it seems theres only one way and that is forward and sharing more data and surely for all of our lives that information the world is changing and moving in a direction you cant take back progress or go backwards. All we can do is be as possible about as possible and strategic as we go forward. To look at the opportunity that it offers and to use into connectivity to create new conversations because the Public Square has changed. It connects us with people in different ways, dif