2008 financial crisis. And iowa net gordonreed and peter to enough discuss the intellectual maturation of thomas jefferson. Plus, a history of jerusalem through its contemporary architecture, a look at how a smallpox outbreak in boston in 1721 led to the early use of inoculations against the disease. And we talk to local authors and visit the literary sites of San Bernardino, california. For the complete television schedule, go to booktv. Org. Booktv, 48 hours of nonfiction books and authors. Television for serious readers. City is called the inland empire with a population of 200,000 people. Founded by mormon pioneers in 1851 San Bernardino would go on to become a major hub for the Santa Fe Railway and in 1940 become the birthplace of mcdonalds was with the help of time warner and Charter CommunicationsCable Partners for the next hour, we explore the history of the city with local authors. On december 2nd, and opened fire killing 14 people. And to build a permanent memorial to honor the victims. [background noises] just behind me at the intersection this is a barricade entry point where police and sheriffs were here and no one could cross the line. This intersection was a natural place for individuals to place their tokens of memory and tragic victims of the dissector second event. Some of the things people left behind were teddy bears, pictures, mementos, certain objects of affection for these victims. The atmosphere grew quite large, all four corners appear to have mourners. And and provide consolation and Counseling Services so our city was experiencing a traumatic event and our community as a result, i have been of the opinion there needs to be an established memorial. And the loss of life on that day. And the local community. And provide a place of consolation. And we have adopted the San Bernardino motto. Our feeling, with residents and businesses, this is an important step forward. And look forward to the future. Now on booktv a literary tour of San Bernardino, california. Local Cable Partners, time warner and charter. We spoke with jamal nassar, dean of social and Behavioral Sciences in San Bernardino, talked about his book globalization and terrorism. We find it has been around since time immemorial. And would remember, you remember the story of samson where samson was captured, tortured and fed to the lions. And brought down the temple. Thousands of innocent people, perhaps one could say, and the word terrorism. Comes from the french revolution, the reign of terror. And so on, that that is where the word terrorism came up. And something recent, and then with us for a long time, it doesnt stand, the tools have changed over the years and the act itself, the nature of the act, the reaction of people to oppression, violence has been with us for a long time, when people are oppressed they can rebel and they carry out acts we now call terrorism. Terrorism today is not terrorism of the past, the two things that are available nowadays are much more destructive. You can get on an airplane and have the airplane go into a building. That didnt exist in the past. What we have in the past is individuals going with her sword or go on to kill many other innocent people. Today you can kill a lot more by having a bomb to your chest or carrying it and if you are desperate enough to kill your self and others, a lot more people than they would have in history. Terrorism today is more violent than the past. It is more severe, has greater impact on civilians and because of the media it generates great fear among people. In the past, people heard stories. By the time it reachedes another society but nowadays it is instantaneous. Bombing in brussels, bombing in pakistan, bombing in france, it is instance, we see it right away because of tv and media, communications, therefore people become scared, become afraid right here in San Bernardino, we had a terrorist attack in december, december 2nd and my own daughter was there. She continues to be vital today. Not where the shooting happened but the buildings nearby, held up for five hours. It has an impact, brings fear in the hearts of other people. The way it became islamic, the eyes of the mujahedin and afghanistan, ronald reagan, we recruited the mujahedin, we recruited people from the reagan peninsula, north africa to go to afghanistan to fight those occupying afghanistan in the name of islam. We forgot about afghanistan, they stood on their base, the word base in arabic was big, al qaeda. We in essence were the contributing actor and they got very upset at us because we abandoned them. They have to go back to their home countries armed, opposing their system because they have become so devoted to their version of islam and felt very stranded and abandoned and want to take revenge on the United States and september 11th happened. Invasion of iraq brought on the current isis or isil, the Islamic State of syria and iraq, iraq and syria. If we didnt have a war in iraq there would not have been isis. If we did not help the mujahedin in afghanistan they would not have been al qaeda. We had a hand in creating these types of groups. When we went to iraq we bombed the country. We called it shock and our. Trying to raise your children or feed them, do your job and raise the family and all of a sudden you see b52s dropping bombs. The bombs are falling down, what do you do . Look up and say god help me. People are scared, they go back to god, back to religion. The iraqis we put them there. We made them terrified. When people are terrified they go back to god. Religion becomes a greater part of their lives. As a result they recruit people who are upset about the situation whatever it may be. Those who lost an uncle, perhaps killers in San Bernardino, husband and wife, the wife is new, arrival from pakistan. And perhaps lost somebody. And she got frustrated, the pakistani american coming in. And and mustve been happening something in that situation. We have drones that drop bombs on leaders of Islamist Groups in pakistan and afghanistan. Had been frustrated by losing a friend or something else, to be determined to take revenge, to show the americans somehow. What is happening in europe is we are having more isis attacks in european cities and the reason for that is the Bombing Campaign in syria and iraq, we have European Countries joining in the Bombing Campaign. Also in libya, when the people, some people rebelled in libya, immediately the European Union and nato joined in and began to bomb in libya, declared the nofly zone but they could fly, bringing down qaddafi, actually murdering him in the end. Many people didnt forgive the europeans for it. The europeans become a target and the coverage in the media, in france, it shouldnt happen. Big media, big groups from all over the world, go to paris, flags at half staff, the council meeting, could make this act happen in nigeria. They happen in kenya and somalia, pakistan and afghanistan, the europeans dont care, dont call for a Security Council resolution to condemn these acts, people feel am i lesser than others . They get very frustrated, because of that, the antiislamic race in europe nowadays, that contributes to targeting europeans. And we are beginning to see similar things in this country with this election cycle, the antiislamic attitude in this country and muslims are terrorists, could become terrorists, outrageous to label 1. 5 Million People on earth by the behavior of a few. Timothy mcveigh, the Oklahoma City bombing, all these people, including children, timothy mcveigh. We know him, we know his background, his family, his religion, we know everything about him. But a muslim who does such an act, islamic terrorism. They dont know much about the individual or the family or the background or anything. We label 1. 5 Million People by the behavior of the one or the 19. It is wrong, very wrong. We cannot do that. Otherwise we be labeling christians because when christian if he started shooting or went to a school and started shooting, that would be wrong. Put all the people together and labeled them by the behavior of the one or the few. And doing that in this country now. When the shooting took place in San Bernardino, our town where we are now, i saw it on tv, went through my mind, my daughter not only, my daughter, she works for the county, my daughter was in that area, she was held up because of it, that was the first thing. As a father you really about the children first, but then as an american, palestinian arabamerican, i am not muslim either, i am catholic. As an american, arabamerican i got very worried the shooter or shooters may be arab or muslim. Thank god they werent arab, pakistani. That contributes labeling the group by the act of these two. And did so but this community has been a fantastic community. The muslims of the inland empire, in the areas around it collected almost 250,000 banners for the victims. When muslims had prayers on friday, christian and jewish ministers, many people stood in front of the mosque so muslims could pray in peace. I love this community. This is an example for all of our country. This is how we should be. Work together as a community, protect each other as a community and not think of the act of the one or the few as an act of all. Communities did well with that. I am proud of the San Bernardino community. And received choice outstanding book of the year award. And it is recognized because it gives the perspective not only of the powerful but the perspective of those on the other side, the receiving end of the powerful. That is the biggest message that i need people to know. The other side we call a terrorist also has grievances, also may have rights, something to recognize and be aware of, that no matter how great we are we do some things wrong like when we go and invade a country and bomb people to smithereens, we do something wrong in doing that. So the notion of my country love it or leave it is in my opinion a form of stupidity. It is our duty as americans. I became a naturalized american a long long time ago in the 60s, i became an american. When i became an american i began to pass a task force and learned it is my duty to correct my country when i see my country doing right, when my country does wrong it is my job to deflect it so i will never say my country right or wrong. Of my country is wrong it is my job to correct it and that is what we need to do. That is the kind of message, we have a duty toward this great country. I love this country. I keep trying and working to correct them. That is how we need to correct policies of the country that have gone in the run direction. That is the program. And this professor, is justifying terrorism. I am not justifying terrorism. I oppose terrorism, i oppose all sorts of violence. Terrorism is counterproductive in the long run and it is outrageous and we need to find ways and we dont have to help created. We have helped create terrorism and we need to find ways around it. I do not support terrorism. I understand the motives that push people to terrorism. That doesnt mean i accept it or agree with it or support it, i do not. I hope someday we get beyond our nationalistic attitudes and begin to look at the betterment of all human beings. And recognize what divides us, an accident of birth, i didnt choose jerusalem or the palestinian or christian family. That is an accident of birth. That doesnt make me better than another human being or more than any other human being and if we recognize that, it begins to work on the basis of that, that all life is precious, all human beings are important, regardless of the accident of birth, we will be serving that. You are watching booktv on cspan2. We are in San Bernardino, california. Local Cable Partners charter and time warner. Up next, historian nick cataldo remembers the time the wyatt earp clan stepped into the city. When people hear the name earp the first thing they think about is he was part of the old west. Some say he was a bad man, some say he was a good man. But they have all heard his name mentioned. And wyatt earp is the one they remember most of all. The connection the earps have 2 San Bernardino county dates back to 1852 when the father of wyatt earp, most wellknown of the earps named Nicholas Earp, left his family temporarily, they were living in monmouth, illinois, he heard about the gold rush in Northern California and after spending a couple years when it was called hank town, the gold rush country, before he came back to the midwest he ventured to Southern California, never gave a reason why he did, and passed through San Bernardino valley and vowed that one day he would come back to San Bernardino and 13 years later, that is what happened. In may 18, 64 Nicholas Earp, because he had been out here before, he was named a wagon master. The earps, nicholas and his wife virginia and, james earp, the second brother, was discharged from the union army. Wyatt earp was 16 years old, it was morgan, warren and adelia, 3 years old. Four boys and a girl. And three other families. 12 wagons altogether in the caravan. Nicholas earp was the wagon master, travel back then was slow and quite often people were walking, you can only walk so fast, wagons probably went two miles an hour. They arrived in december 18, 64. San bernardino is 1500 people, it was surely after the mormons were recalled to salt lake and San Bernardino, what people call a wild west town. The corner of third and d st. Was nicknamed Whiskey Point because we had a saloon at each corner and if you are into the old west it was exciting and Nicholas Earp even though his family settled a few miles away from town loves San Bernardino if you love that kind of entertainment. When they arrived they settled in San Bernardino, there was a park in town, it was a little sloppy. There for a few days. And Nicholas Earp rented a farm from a man named carpenter, 12 miles east of town. At the time they called it old San Bernardino and a life of farmers, they lived there, a couple miles away. Wyatt earp, according to his biographer, stewart lake, the book is called wyatt earp frontier marshal, basically the book that created the legend of wyatt earp. It is a beautifully written book, a lot of historical accuracy but also a lot of inaccuracy. Hard to tell which is which. And also a friend of wyatt named john flood wrote a manuscript that never got published. Wyatt as a teenager was involved in a stagecoach from San Bernardino to los angeles and was involved in trading. Virgil earp was the first city marshal of cold so that would be more important because he was the first marshal and Nicholas Earp was justice of the peace. That was the big role. Nicholas earp, the father of the family decided in 1868 to cell some property out here and move back to the midwest. One possibility that Nicholas Earp was not happy, his sons did not want to farm, nobody else wanted a farm. Nicholas earp, the father, was an adventurer. His sons were the same way. And the farmer. And some land to take care of. There were a combination of reasons to go back to the midwest. He was planning on coming back again and went back to 1868. Then 1877, 76, 77 they started going out west. When Nicholas Earp came out in 1877, the members that came out, his wife, his daughter adelia, who had just gotten married, was 16 years old, and her husband came out. The youngest boy came out and that was it. She stopped in dodge city, kansas, and wyatt earp was working on the police force. Deputy sitter marshall. And adventuring. And all the boys had a temper, an urge to travel and the boys had a temper, and were able to curve the temper. Warren earp was a hothead and wanted to stay close to home. When the okay corral happened in 1881, october 26th, in 1880, the earps heard about the silver strike in tombstone. In dodge city, kansas. Virgil or. And the herbs are ever the opportunists. James earp came down from montana. Wyatt was in dodge city, kansas. Morgan, who had never come down from montana went left to go to tombstone. October 26, 1881, is the day of this infamous gunfight at the okay corral. Very complex situation. That is what gave wyatt earp the notoriety, and always good, newspapers knew of the earps as being either good guys or killers and quite often the other way. Nicholas earp was living in colton, which is four miles from San Bernardino. The only thing i know as far as the impact here, a month after the gunfight and the month before virgil was ambushed in tombstone, it was a retaliation, Nicholas Earp got in with somebody, john ralph, county sheriff and another man, an altercation, something happened, he blue a stack. Whether or not to speculate, has something to do with your son, it all depends. Earps basically were exonerated. Some people still thought we were on the bad side. And moved in 1880 moved to colton. For the rest of his life he lived in colton. Colton, San Bernardino, she died in San Bernardino. Nicholas earp died in a military hospital. He was living in this area in San Bernardino, with his daughter who moved to a nearby town in colton. Morgan thought he was killed in tombstone. Warren lived most of his life here. The earps spent most of their time living in San Bernardino county. More than any other place. Even the most recent movie about the earps in 1993, called tombstone starring kurt russell, very good, i have that movie. I think compared to older movies it was probably more accurate in a lot of ways. There were still some inaccuracies. The next year Kevin Costner in a movie called wyatt earp. A lot of historical facts that were never brought out before, still in accurate in some ways. In both cases after the gunfight at the okay corral, a short time later, basically two months later when virgil earp was ambushed, three month later in march 1982, 1882, morgan earp was killed, morgans body was sent on a train going out somewhere. It turned out it went to colton, they never mentioned it. Even the movie wyatt earp showed gene hackman playing the father, talking about moving to california, never mentioned they were going to San Bernardino. The notoriety, the thing people are attracted to about the earps is a time in tombstone and they were only their two years but it was a very important two years. Most of the time the family was out in the San Bernardino valley or the county. You are watching booktv on cspan2 and we are visiting San Bernardino with local authors and we tour the city of literary sites, local Cable Partners, time warner and charter. Up next we speak with Richard Thompson about aaron g. Lane, the First Permanent settler of the high desert. We are on the edge of the mojave desert, the significance is this was the major route to the west, in the early years there wasnt anybody out in the desert. The settlement was down below along the coast. In 1859 the First Permanent resident came to this spot and his name was aaron g. Lane. He was so well known, the fact that newspaper started calling him the pioneer of the mojave which i call my book, and aaron g. Lane is the pioneer of the mojave and he came because of health reasons. 45 or 50 miles out of San Bernardino that would have been the exit, the closest spot from here. Coming out here everybody around this area, this far, their wagons broke down, blacksmith shop, feed their horses, feed themselves, this came to be what was called a way station in those days. In this area there were hardly anybody. And talk to the couple, and the 1860 census by the name and other people coming, the indians are used to going through. And the colony, and keeping his life. March 18, 69, was an outlaw that had been chased from the la area. 18 wade helm this fellow named wade helm had a bounty placed on his head by the governor. The party was chasing him out of la, from San Bernardino. And they found him here. And that was a pretty good name, so they were ready to go, and outlaws finally gave up. When he let wade helm invade and others, probably wasnt sure, suspect had a reputation for being good with a gun. The military was having trouble with unions out here prior to the civil war, and and the needles. And they needed all the soldiers, they brought them all, called them all in off of the desert. That is when things got wild. And when they disappeared, all the Soldiers Left and pretty sure they were winning is really bad for any occupants here. A story of their own group going through. And who they molested and go to a ranchers property and shooting lands and they cooked it up and prepared it. And go to Grocery Stores and loading up, and newspaper articles and officers standing right there watching them do it. A different path of enlisted men. They would come through fairly large companies, 75 or 100 men and primary much had their way. The newspapers mentioned on several occasions when they got out here, a reputation for not putting up with that stuff. And told the newspaper that and didnt bother him. Pretty profound, was his time and place, the first man in the mojave desert, that showed his importance as a stabilizing event and started things. And transferred to civilization. During the tvs recent visit to San Bernardino, california, i spoke with Margaret Hill about her 30 year career as an educator in the city. In the early 70s when i started teaching, students were aware it was important, and important to get a high school diploma, and any student who did not want an education, a lot of students, and and students in the 70s felt the same way students now feel. And we are telling them. And and they could do it also. It affects them a lot more than people at the higher level realize. I do things that have not been good. People trust me enough they can say what you want to. Let me give you an example, when i was principle that an Alternative High School had a young man come up to me one day. She said to me i have seen you give students compliments, you have never given me one. I thought about that and he was right. And i knew i hadnt given him one because he reminded me of that. He graduated from high school, and knowing i didnt really care for them. I thought about it, had to give them a compliment soon. The next day i could still remember he had on a yellow checkered shirt, a beautiful shirt. I knew i had to find something i could complement him on. Didnt know it was going to come so soon. At the end of the day when he was leaving as you do with most other students, pretty much in a group, was leaving school and i yelled his name, turns around and gives me this look like what have i done now that you dont like. And i yelled, waited until he got halfway across the parking lot so i could yell at him. I yelled at him and he said i like that shirt you are wearing today, that is a goodlooking shirt and smiled and said thank you and walked on and that wasnt an immediate fix but a lot of students dont share, who they feel about us. And and, most of the students. And that is a tremendous bit. And they have to know we care. And local level, are they doing enough for our students. And any student being successful, funding is important to all. I have a saying in my district, students do not leave a good thing. And the scenario i always use and students see schools like lazy grandmothers. You have two grandmothers. One is cooking broccoli and when is baking cookies. Which place are you going . Same thing with school. Of the Charter Schools are making cookies and we are cooking broccoli, where are they going . The thing is we began to make cookies now, so we see Charter School students returning. The bottom line is everybody is searching for the best for their children. I am a supporter of Public Schools because i worked in them and i know what the accomplishments are and i know there are some students who do not quite make it. I know many students do make it. As far as funding is concerned i am glad there is funding for a vote, glad there is funding for that and what people need to do is not too much look at the academic side of putting a child in Charter School, what that does many times and many times people take a look at test scores of our students which bothers me tremendously and as an educator i probably should not say that but it does because test scores do not define students, students define students and and be proud of where they are going and where they are. I know a millionaire who never graduated from high school, who probably will score on the bottom 2 , students who graduated with great reading scores, great test scores, jobs that tried to look at individuals and use all kind of assessments, not saying test assessment not good, but not be totaled. And we can fix this. It is very simple. All we have to do is appreciate everybody for every day jamal nassar every day god gives them strength to get up and go to school. During book tvs recent visit to San Bernardino we visited with mark landis, author of Arrowhead Springs californias ideal resort, to discuss the role the springs play in the city. Where we are standing now is at the entrance of the Arrowhead Spring cookout. This entrance is relatively modern with respect to the history of the hotel. The original entrance is a few hundred feet south of here and behind me you see our friend, chief titles, one of the most famous landmarks of the area, pointing toward Arrowhead Springs. As long as he has been in existence he has always been there to point this way toward Arrowhead Springs. One of the american settlers coming into the San Bernardino valley and settle here, they found the hot springs which had long been discovered by the indians. They started to explore and saw the value of the spring but it was too rugged and dense to make good use of the property. In 1850 when the mormons arrived in Southern California and began to settle in the San Bernardino valley and they established a town, wellestablished town, and the same year, david noble smith arrived here. They arrived with the intention of selling goods and things to the mormons, going back to salt lake city, so smith came up to explore the area and smith was a devout spiritualist who believed in the Healing Properties of water and so forth, he had grown up with tuberculosis, throughout his family and the disease had killed many people in his family and throughout his young life he made up his mind, find a cure for tuberculosis. This would be an ideal spot to start is a spot to develop a place for a tuberculosis sanitarium, he worked with john brown senior who homesteaded the property and began to create his first sanitarium. Was first opened to the public in 1864. Two years ago tom, 2014 was the 150th anniversary of commercial use of Arrowhead Springs. And how Arrowhead Spring got its resort. There is a huge arrowhead landmark on the side of the mountain, 1400 feet tall in the shape of an indian arrowhead pointing downward and the tip of the arrowhead pointing downward points right to where various hot and cold springs are. And the spring at the foot at the foot of the arrowhead took the name Arrowhead Spring and the arrowhead landmark itself was a major promotional feature of the whole area. Only advertising, extensive use of that landmark, most would have the landmark in the background so it was quite a major piece of local tradition to promote the arrowhead landmark. When smith first came here and develop the springs it was just a set of crude shacks, very rudimentary facility. He had bathhouse facilities. It was very crude, a couple of elongated buildings. In 1883 he lost control of the property because of financial troubles and a group of los angeles businessmen but the property and this was the first time anybody with money or real financing had the property at Arrowhead Spring, they built a fullfledged hotel here, the first hotel on the property built in 1883, they opened it and was a pretty big success, they used smith pond which he already built, they had a pond in front of the hotel, a rolling pond they use for their water treatment, they immersed people in this pond, and the los angeles business men and owners of the hotel, quickly rebuilt the hotel, build an even better hotel bigger and better hotel basically at the same location as the first hotel, thats more successful because it was bigger and better but the boom of the 1800s and 1880s was shortlived, didnt last too long. Toward the last part of the 1880s it started to fizzle out and times were not so good but still people came up and visited Arrowhead Springs. By that time the resort was promoted less as a Health Resort and more as recuperation addressed resort. People would come up to rest and recuperate, full medical staff on facility here, visitors came to Arrowhead Springs. The second Arrowhead Spring hotel was bigger and better. In 1895 the second hotel burned down. It was due to mishandled fireworks on july 4, 1895. After my second hotel burned in 1895, the great boom era of the 1880s is over and Economic Times were very difficult when the second hotel burned. After the second hotel burned. The property set basically idle for ten years. A lot of folks in San Bernardino valley learned of Arrowhead Spring that its worth and they were not happy there resort was gone, there was nothing here to draw folks appear at the resort. A group of San Bernardino businessmen got together. They decided to build a brandnew hotel, they built a bigger better hotel that was opened in 1905 and that hotel was designed by an architect named Arthur Benton who designed very famous for the Mission Style architecture all through Southern California. The third hotel had the famous architect are involved. It was the third and biggest hotel. And by far the largest and most successful of the hotels to date. The owners began to promote the hotel is a place of rest and recuperation as well, build all sorts of new facilities around the hotel, all sorts of additional facilities there. In that third hotel the guests would coming be drawn by the water, still advertise the water here, come to Arrowhead Springs and all types of water here, come and be healed by the water and it drew a lot of folks to the third hotel and finally after so many folks came to the hotel and say we would like to take this water home the hotel would package it up and send it home for them for their relatives and so forth in the other states and Eastern States and finally somebody got the bright idea, this would be a good product to bottle commercially in large quantities since it was so available and so popular but in 1909 the first real major bottling facility came to be asked Arrowhead Spring. The third hotel that was built in 1905 really began to catch on with a hollywood movie stars because hollywood was just evolving at that time. The Motion Picture industry was just taking hold in hollywood in the early 1900s. They found Southern California because of the great weather and yearround filling ability of the location of the geography. The Film Industry was starting to take hold around 1905, 1910, folks that were there in hollywood wanted a place they could get away from town and found Arrowhead Springs, it was built in 1905 so it was a new facility, beautiful, Luxurious Hotel and just far enough out of town, far enough from hollywood, a 2 hour drive, the foothill boulevard to Arrowhead Springs. The third hotel was most successful with big hotels but in 1938, like the previous two hotels, the third hotel was destroyed by wildfire that burned through the area driven in part by santa ana winds. A group of hollywood formed the consortium and built the current and forth hotel. When the hotel was built and a new pool was built, they built a completely new pool, a beautiful art deco style school with scalloped edges, and it was opened in 1939. The pool was a landmark piece of the whole resort. It began to seriously decline in the late 1950s. By that time there was extensive travel available to folks which you could get on an airplane and fly anyone you want, the highways and roads were improving. Las vegas was beginning to take hold in the 1950s and 60s. On route 66, travel up to las vegas, and a lot more travel opportunities and vacation opportunities, the folks that used to come to Arrowhead Springs, had so many opportunities available to them, the business declined, they werent able to maintain the facility anymore. The Hotel Officially closed in 1961, 1960, it dates back almost to the beginning of the whole founding of San Bernardino, the whole growth of the city of San Bernardino and San Bernardino valley. As they both grew up together, they were terribly important parts of each other. It was a symbiotic relationship between the two and they fed off of each other. It was an ongoing relationship between Arrowhead Springs hotel and the entire San Bernardino valley and the city of San Bernardino almost since its very founding. You are watching booktv on cspan2. In San Bernardino california, local Cable Partners charter and time warner. Up next we discuss the recent terrorist shootings in the city impacted its community with congressman pete aguilar. Four swat officers arriving on scene. All those officers will be deployed inside and around those buildings. I was on the floor of the house of representatives. And i knew exactly where the facility was. I reached out to local leaders including the police chief who confirmed what was going on, and then i took the first flight back here home. So i was on the first flight back and was able to join the press conference in the evening and received updates from Law Enforcement officials throughout the proceeding days. I think the aftermath is a resilient community, people who have been pushed down in the past and continue to get back up. And i think thats what we saw in the wake of this tragedy, was people coming together and saying we arent going to be divided as a community, were going to continue to work with each other, were not going to be afraid of one another, of coming together across faith, across ethnicity, across the region. We were able to do that. Attended many interfaith gatherings, bringing people together. Those were the things that i remember after december 2nd that were so important to the healing process. I think its brought us together. I think its also made us more aware of our surroundings. And its made it very real. When we talk about terrorism, when we talk about the fight against terror, it isnt something thats in the abstract anymore. Its something that across this country, you know, means something because this isnt a big city here in San Bernardino that was attacked, this is, this could happen anywhere. So thats what i heard from my colleagues, too, in congress, folks on both sides to have aisle, saying that if it could happen in San Bernardino, it could happen anywhere. And i think the support among my colleagues has been incredible in offering support, in offering prayers and thoughts to our community as we heal. Weve requested that the federal government pay for the increased response. So the overtime and the manpower that was devoted assisting federal agencies in this terrorist event, i hope that 100 of their costs in the aftermath could be picked up by the federal government. It would be in the millions, somewhere in the, you know, maybe 4 10 million range that was expended with increased shifts that were picked up, overtime, the transporting of victims by helicopter and by ambulance to local facilities. Those are the things that i think the federal government should help assist and pay for and has a precedent in doing. And i hope that San Bernardino receives that fair share as well. You know, i was a big supporter and someone who talked very often about the role that gun violence plays in our communities before the tragedy. But this is, this was, it was personal for me. My brother was a probation officer who responded to the incident. He was stationed a couple miles from where we are helping to protect the employees from the Regional Center as they were, as they were transported to safety. So it became very real for me. But also in the context of what were fighting for here in protecting our country against terrorism and also making sure that illegal guns have no place in our communities and that we do simple things that protect our communities; universal background checks, limit the assault weapons that are in our communities. Those are things that we can do, and its incumbent upon us to do something. If it will provide increased safety in our community. There isnt one law or one bill that i could have authored or passed that would have protected this community, but its important for all of us to play a role in making sure our communities are safe now and in the future. For more information on booktvs recent visit to San Bernardino and the many other destinations on our cities tour, go to cspan. Org citiestour. Booktv tapes hundreds of author programs throughout the country all year long. Heres a look at some of the events well be covering this week. On monday, juan thompson, son of the late author and journalist hunter s. Thompson, will remember his father in conversation with historian Douglas Brinkley at book people bookstore in austin, texas. Then on tuesday at Harvard University in cambridge, massachusetts, its the presentation of the lucas prize awarded each year for nonfiction writing. This years winners include Susan Southard for nagasaki life after nuclear war, and nicklaus boxman, for k. L. a history of the nazi concentration camps. Also that evening in new york for math professor andrew hackers discussion on if advanced mathematics should be required in schools x. Next wednesday through friday booktv will be in chicago for bookexpo america, the publishing industrys annual trade show, where well be talking to authors of forthcoming books such as Kareem Abduljabbar and bill ayers as well as publishers and booksellers. Thats a look at some of the author programs booktv is covering this week. Many of these events are open to the public. Look for them to air in the near future on booktv on cspan2