Some type of vessel like the titanic or rowboat for speciation, some some kind of contained nct in which people interact and show their true selves and that is what was happening. We see the cruelty of the commander who had been gripping the slaves and telling about the approach of the creeks and all the different kinds of huge stories that go on for most fascinating to me and really trying to delve into the genealogy of the individuals showed that are all quite closely related. There are fighting on opposite sides and it was very, very personal war played out on a small scale really. The civil war crunched down into a tiny events in many ways and all the stories here you see the Bigger Picture in the american double war. For more information about tvs recent visit to mobile, alabama, go to cspan. Work local content. Host coming up from the king burning restaurant talk about their books in the wrong enemy, following 9 11 the u. S. Should have focused on packet and that of afghanistan. She said the afghans have paid a heavy price. While marx talks about pakistan, anne and her rant come an area called baluchistan and the civil conflict happening there. This is about an hour. [applause] good evening, everyone. Thank you for coming. Were going to look at a beautiful picture. It out of the place i know well and i have reported from as well. Make the sign if you cant hear me. I am going to tell you about the wrong enemy, which is my book. The wrong enemy america in afghanistan, 20012014. It is story of the war. I reported they are for over 10 years for my skin is and, also in pakistan. And i wanted to write about for two real reasons. The title tells part of it. It is a quote from Richard Holbrooke who is americas echelon voice to afghanistan and pakistan nasional before he died in the last few years. He once said to the British Foreign secretary in fact, maybe we are fighting the wrong enemy in the wrong country. It was when they were grappling with the taliban and afghanistan, the a bomb at illustration was trying to work out what to do. The insurgents he had gotten so difficult in afghanistan that they had to do a surge of troops so the foreign troops have gone up to 120,000 in an and theyre losing the war. The search had it base and had to be done. At the same time holborn put his finger on it that they were fighting the enemy in the wrong country. The source of the problem. Surely when you fight the war, you have to go to this source across the border in pakistan. That is where al qaeda had taken refuge after 9 11 after the american intervention. Within months they meant across the borders into pakistans tribal areas. Some of these areas here that do not. The taliban as well who had given the same treatment to al qaeda all through the 90s, theyll have moved across the border and they started to regroup. As i reported in afghanistan in those early years after 9 11, i started to hear this or not the afghans here i would follow the bombs they feared you know, the real pakistan. I went in charted reporting there and i found taliban in hiding and then they started regrouping. They started getting more confident. They started moving around and i spent a lot of time in baluchistan, an area that we both know well, its unbelievable things going on in there is a great control by pakistan and pakistans intelligence to prevent reporters go in there and what is going on. So for the reason i wrote this post, it really sums up the war. It tells the whole tale paled if you want to know the war in afghanistan coming to get the whole thing from beginning to end. The tears to same themes. One is we were fighting the wrong war. The second ending its pakistan has not only controlled as, but its also controlled the message. Theyve controlled the journalists and theyve threatened and intimidated their own journalist said that the reporting is not coming out about what is happening on packet than in the level of threat to journalists and actually ran into problems myself, which is in the book. In my hotel room in 2006 i was warned, you are not supposed to come here. You are not to talk to the television. That was qatar wearing in the taliban leadership were hanging out in my reorganizing, running the insurgency. Practice units are basically telling me, get out of town and dont come back. The pakistani journalist and not town were told to stop working with foreigners. So it became very difficult. A really, really important area where they orchestrated the whole resurgence of the taliban and this enormous push against American Forces in again the whole project in afghanistan. The presence of Foreign Forces they didnt want. They didnt want a successful government in afghanistan. Pakistan wanted to keep afghanistan in order to control it and dominated pathetic ideas afghanistan as an annex for a client state if you like. So those are the real fans i was following. Over the years i saw the insurgents to get worse and worse. The afghans are really losing ground. The whole south of afghanistan became incredibly difficult from the whole eastern end as well, for sebastian has reported on the clay was also precarious and it was all coming from pakistan while al qaeda was still very act it. So i kept reporting inaccurate doing my daily job and then of course we had this amazing moment in 2011 when bin laden was suddenly found and was killed in a u. S. Special operations raid and i cut a phone call and we got straight on the plane to islamabad and within 30 hours feature a two about about inside the house and started the report name on the whole raid that came out of washington, but the whole idea of how could he hide here First Exteriors in this house . He was just hundreds of yards, just a few hundred yards in the top military academy. So i continue for another couple of years, but do not how did he hide their . Who knew no . Who is . How did he survive so long . He revives with him, 16 children and quite a small compound. A threestory house, but it was small. He had his career at and his brother and their families. It was fascinating to go every name. Very difficult. A lot of denials from the packets and a government. But eventually, i did find what i thought was really to one of the main chapters at the hands, which was, sorry, that bin laden has actually been protected by the pakistani secret service. The intelligent thing i found an editor in the isi who it ended that and told me yes, we do have a special desk. They were responsible. One man was responsible for looking after bin laden, which meant handling a as a cia and the intelligence speak, it is completely deniable. They were still denied, but it exists in they did it to protect him, but also to use them for their own you said he could influence their own militants. He could use as a figurehead or to control things. He was better in their pocket and not large. So that was the main thing i found. Theres much more to say, but im going to leave it up at so well go to questions. [applause] tanks. Hi, everyone. Its a real honor for me to be here talking with you. Not least because i think one of the first times i really got what was going on in baluchistan in the New York Times and scott yells who is there with you. I went there may be six, seven months after that. You were there in this region is the size of [inaudible] montana and wyoming combined. Its a vast, vast area of pakistan. A very, very thin layer. [inaudible] this is the tv producer. Im just going to speak with my own employees. Ive had enough. Ive had enough. This is the region that is the size of montana and wyoming combined. It orders iran and afghanistan. It is a usually mountainous region and a very populated part of the world. But the people who lived there, the beliefs, they have historically been there for several hundred years and until the british arrived, they wrote themselves as a very Tribal Society still today. But after the partition when pakistan became two separate countries, the baluchistans a little disenfranchised. They were there to try on the titanic between the baluch on both sides of pakistan, but also understand why the baluch who are part of pakistan were unhappy with their situation. Many of them are incredibly unhappy. I traveled around for about five weeks and many of those keen independent from the rest of the country and the Pakistani Central Authority a great deal. The example of bangladesh in the early 1970s when the mongolian asked for their own Mission Statement and essentially got with international approval. The people in this province feel like theyve been treated as secondclass packets and a citizens for a long time now and starting most recently in iran 2005, some of them started to give up arms and their sense of national identity, attack the packets and the government, which essentially controls the entire province. That Insurgency Campaign has spread since then and every subsequent ive made has become clear to frequently prevalent. The launched by the packets in a military intelligence agents to use has been especially fertile and human rights in particular has gained a lot of attention for the problems they are pure political act to this are being picked up, kidnapped, disappeared, tortured and in many cases, executed, their bodies left on the side of the road from a policy the relation has dubbed the killing dump policy and sometimes we talk about it a lot over the years. When i first went there and saw what was beginning to happen, i was really, really surprised at the incredible hospitable people, many who had a great deal of love for america. They hope that the western nations might come to their aid and support their desire for a separate state. That hasnt happened. Carlos is reporting on the front petition ship between america and packets and is one of the reasons for that. The idea of supporting a very small population relative to the rest of the country and their demand for autonomy and independence for many of them is not being higher on the priority list when america is dealing with drones and al qaeda and bin laden and the taliban. And so, a lot of these people feel marsh life is pakistanis, but also forgot by those out by and saluted to the idea of how difficult it is to report in this region. The pakistani are in control physically, but also in terms of the information flow. Journalists like myself a three stroke problems get information out there and many have ended up dead for reporting about the insurgency. So i met the take in 2009 in qatar. We stumbled across each other in a couple years later having stayed in contact, decided we should do a book about the problem since so few people hear about it. This book, balochistan at a crossroads is a part of that. Im hoping to do some thing people will Pay Attention to more and more. Human rights organizations and other journalists talking about it at that are openly and its very much a taboo subject and as a consequence, i am blacklisted in the country for writing this up so that its volume stories of people on this province. So i think im going to leave it there and if you guys have questions for me, we will happily take them. [applause] theres a microphone coming behind you. Its just a [booing] go for it. Today the taliban and [inaudible] in a different taliban and [inaudible conversations] what is the difference between the two coming from the same will, either object is the same . I think they are the same. But we call them the Afghan Taliban and because they have afghan leadership, Pakistani Taliban, which is more an Umbrella Group of all of the groups along the border, mostly pakistanis. The people born and raised in the pakistan out of the durand line. The Pakistani Taliban our passion, so they are along the border. But what is interesting is that think they have allegiance and very similar thoughts. Most of the packets to any actually cut 30s. They were to be fighters at the Afghan Taliban. Actually sometimes swear allegiance to the Afghan Taliban. So for most people, i was there they are all the same. When you meet them, and they say we have the same names. We might do different operation, but we believe in the same vein, which is a very radical islamist color fade. They swear allegiance to mullah omar and they have this weird relationship with the pakistani intelligence, which they are all actually, what is the word, children of the Pakistani Intelligence Service is. They are raised and fostered by then. And of course, they do have relation with militant than others, so i went that you can put them all in the same basket and they had relations with al qaeda. [inaudible] national and [inaudible] part of the nationalist dalai lama. [inaudible] yeah, you see people trying to make that argument. I dont really buy that actually, but i think the Afghan Taliban have been a bit more i would not call the nationalist because they are islamist. They are not nationalists in the end those pashtun nationalists. But they do keep themselves to themselves. They havent done a great deal of international terrorism. It is internally in afghanistan. And i would say theyll outlaw the foreign fighters to lead and train and expand in afghanistan under their regime. When mullah omar was in power in the end, he had everyone there. He had al qaeda, whose backs, also as to where so he was supposed to al qaeda and he thinks along the same lines. So i wouldnt i think it is semantics are you sure, if you are in an academic and you want the whole group, fine. But actually, they are all on the same wavelength and therell a ban on the same thing and really wishes to have been islamist radical, sovereign kingdom that stretches beyond borders, they would like to stress right across the middle east from pakistan and kashmir. So in that sense, they are in the same wavelength. [inaudible] a couple questions for you. One is as a journalist, i am amazed and curious how you got biased by to confess the largest nationalist secret, open secret in pakistan and my hat to you because that mustve been quite a great moment for you. Also, more generally, i notice im going to make you think it was a success . If so, does this make it harder for the taliban to attack the Afghan Government . I am going to disappoint you on the source because the wording is very carefully crafted in the book and for safety of the people involved, i cannot go further than that. As im sure you will appreciate, it is dangerous for journalists to help me work on that sort of thing and its dangerous for the sooners themselves. Ive been very careful how i phrased it. Theres more i know, but it was all i could put because they said if you save more it is too dangerous. So im afraid im going to stop there except that ive really, really trust and believe dinosaurs and motivation. As for the elections, it is very exciting. I had to come on the book tour before it actually happened, but i was there in the runup and it is very exciting. A lot of people very motivated. Of course now they realize karzai really was stepping down and they were going to have a chance to choose someone new. Others are great deal of debate even with families, at the groups, all over the country, i thought the people in kandahar who said theres long lines of people coming out. People who didnt want to vote five years ago because there is no dissolution but the security situation, karzai, they did come out this time. So that was good. At the same time we had obviously things happening you might have heard two of our journalist colleagues got shot the day before the election. That was in a posh to an area where hobbyist to the security is not 101st then and they went to steve thought the election would go and what people turn out, would people be too intimidated or would there be fraud in a sort of vacuum. That was the great fear. I think what im hearing is the election as it was a big success in the main cities. A lot of people turned out and a lot of people showed they believe the way forward is democracy and is quite new to afghanistan, but they really are embracing it. We are hearing also there was intimidation places where people didnt come out about because security survived. The communities they are are so fed up with the to and fro between the taliban and the Government Forces and American Forces that they just say i dont want to go. Theres a sort of disaffection and not still at this in big areas. I am worried some people will feel disenfranchised. So we need to see the good thing is two front runners getting everyone discussing and i think thats really good. First question is the sudden i nationalists, what is their feeling about the fact their problems used by the packets and he is and homicide in fact bear and manage . That is one. I can be understanding [inaudible] does that leave the Afghan Taliban and their nationalist, what will be there . Ill take the second you take the first one. Yes, the first question was about the impact of having the taliban presence in baluchis and, those are the peep hole who want baluchistan is the region should be a separate entity in the second question was about concerns for the future given the u. S. Pullout in afghanistan after the elections. Baluchistan is the province of them has a sort of dividing line from a pretty rough one between the 79 ethnic group and the sub 10 ethnic group. That tends to cut through the qatar, which is a very mixed two d. The present of the taliban in qatar and north of qatar has been a pretty significant one over the last seven or eight years and steps you had been reporting on not yet from what ive gathered speaking to like the fact tower in in their territory. There is a kanders. In a sense between the baloch and the pasthuns and ill just tell you one particular that struck me traveling to one of the camps of the Liberation Army i was arriving and there were two men being led away by the nationalists and i asked, who are those guys . They said they are sub and laborers. We are going to let them go. But the punjabis wouldve killed them because a pashtuns will let them go, but we dont want them in our land. Ashes to the the difference, but its certainly not a very happy relationship these days. Although i would say that tribes are very good together and they cooperate, but what i think the tribes dont like is the taliban, which is sort of an islamist imposition on the old tradition. But the tribes are left together, the pashtuns and the baloch with assigned together. The problem is the agenda of the taliban has created problems. On the elections, it is found and i am very worried about and it is the last chapter of this book that i see some hollow and not icy afghans rejecting the taliban and there was an uprising that i thought a year ago in kandahar, which shows the real feeling in the province is about the taliban. The local people rose up and threw them out. But at the same time i went to pakistan and i found a great deal of preparation and planning for a research and after 2014 and ive also seen people like kathy gannon who have reported it. They are pure to do a retake of territory in afghanistan can reestablish a presence and influence than i think they would love to return to Training Camps and the whole taliban era. One of them i went to the Haqqani Montross in packets and, which is one of the psalms of the islamist wave and a sad and shallot, the white flag of the taliban will fly again in kabul. I think it is very dangerous because packets and will support that. They will continue to push because they see that as a way of controlling the security area. They see afghanistan as their backyard and so on. [inaudible] yeah, i think it is slightly different. I think what they would really like is for the taliban to control and create a lot of chaos and then nobody else is common but then it can be a pakistan area of influence. I dont know if theyll actually is digitized on jalalabad rule as they did in those days. They may be clever this time and try and do it they are trying to do it through underhand influence. They birdie Party Started threat and people in the cities, including Northern Alliance people, telling them it is in your interest to cooperate or look at all these assassinations that happen. They might try a morse desiccated campaign than in those days they staged offensives against cities to try and take them. They might try and do a worse surreptitiously. But they definitely are making a big pitch to regain supremacy over and because they see the western force is our leaving. So you have set that isi is basically behind the taliban, the pakistan taliban. Obviously isi is controlled by the army. It is part of the army. So my question is, are you saying that the Pakistan Army is the right enemy . One. And two, whether they are the right enemy or not definitely behind all the chaos and whats going to happen again if afghanistan has her strategic depth or Something Like that. So understanding all of that, why did they keep supporting the Pakistan Army by funding by veteran and by having a true dialogue with the army so it is just, i dont understand. Wow, this is really also why i wrote the book because theres a lot of debate inside the military, the project really between parts of the american government, between the military. Because they are on the ground they mostly know whats going on when you talk to them they are the most rank. Cia has its own opinion and diplomat tend to say no, no, theres no proof they are not part in the taliban. So youve got this model in side the american executive, which is struggling and which i think causes this strange policy. Youve also got this argument, which theyll come out with, which is we must engage back as an rather than postsanctions and cut them off because in the 90s we did it because of the nuclear issue, pakistan was developing a Nuclear Weapon in their account off the sanction and that is seen as a disastrous decade when there is no military to military contacts. There is very little Financial Aid and pakistan went on in the opposite direction and uncooperative. The argument is engage them will have a better time of it. My argument is we are engaging. We spend a lot of money and we get nothing but. Pakistan is wandering along in the opposite direction, increasing its Nuclear Arsenal and yet killing people in balochistan, which is really a war crime. The level of extrajudicial killings in the one is really comparable to any genocide in a lot of countries. Its really comparable. But they are doing in afghanistan i showed tens of thousands of people dying. A lot of american and nato soldiers getting killed. The whole country sown with ieds from pakistans factories. It is really out of control and extraordinary. I agree with you but why is america doing this . Or argument is if we didnt engage, if we didnt try and persuade, it would be even worse and mainly the idea is more radical people and possibly even bin laden types would get hold of the Nuclear Weapon as well. I dont either. That is lazy thinking. It is sloppy and i think it is time diplomats and im actually from britain and europe and nato much, much smarter way of dealing with this in using the leverage we have through the immense Financial Assistance programs to get a better result. [inaudible] consequences on pakistan [inaudible] which military talking about . The americans should be making these. This is very important. [inaudible] says the white house, the national vote. [inaudible] that they are the best. If something happens to the army i understand. Either way, it is interesting the conflict rime insured. Hang on. These are used. That might be military thinking, but it doesnt have to be [inaudible] but they are not really the people who tank. Who think. I [inaudible] who are you way they not . Its very disappointing. I have found us a reporter its been difficult to get stories on balochistan into my own paper. Occasionally i will do a reporting trip and i look at ill get disoriented, but i cant go down there very often because it is one of those very forgotten place isnt very forgot wars. This theme comes with the administration. It is something they are not. I have mentioned occasionally, i now when i have the talks with pakistan, but it is very low down the list. I think what carlotta with pain about the crimes committed against the People Living there, all around the world when those crimes have reported widely enough and attention is brought to bear on them, typically outside parties, whether that be the United States or European Union will feel obligated to be involved. One of the strengths of pakistans military intelligence agencies has been to really control the information flow and to minimize these deaths. There have been thousands of thousands of kidnappings of very ordinary people for the most part in many has have ended up dead enders body is found almost week now. The idea that is not widely reported because it is so difficult to interest editors, but also to get access means it is less likely outside parties will intervene. [inaudible] like i mentioned earlier, so many others things earmarked turnabout. Unfortunately for People Living in fallujas and then we talked about here that includes their policies on drone strikes, the continued presence of u. S. Forces in afghanistan. They have to worry about that more in some ways than they do the people in baluchistan. Said the americans were to withdraw financially from the eye i do one enable to them act and change the policy, what were the consequence is . How vital is that isi support to everything going on today . It is an unstable area. I believe that pakistan changed its view supporting the taliban, would suddenly have peace in afghanistan. It is just as important. The taliban taliban is not popular. The election showed that. Certainly the uprisings have been in various provinces show people are sick and tired of the taliban and they want to prosper as normal democratic life. So they really would reject it. That is why they all tell you, why are you going to the source of the problem . It is the finance, the money stopped and the support for packet and stopped for taliban. They would just collapse. Of course you still cant lots of young men on them lloyd. Youve got to then do a lot of postconflict work and i think afghanistans got huge problems eastside that it cant support itself. Its got corruption. But then i think they could start to work on that. I think it is huge and i also think from pakistan, if they stop supporting and running these proxy wars, they could start to get a grip on their own problems. I think it is time. It would be difficult but its time to time that up session with trying to manage their own defense through these prop the militant groups who are now just so powerful the problems for the survival of packets and cells. I want to thank you for highlighting balochistan in your book. I else you want to ask you, do you have any photographs, any mention of some of the nationalist leaders and some of the things recently with tribal issues. I saw some pictures and some of the photographs ecs, to tell you the truth, did you come across any amongst the tribal conflict in cases like that that were internal issues going on in baluchistan . Baluchistan and the blue chip and Tribal Society and even today, in some of the more remote regions, they disclose that. Some of the more remote regions, tribal leadership still controls many aspects of peoples lives. A lot of tribal leaders have not been kind to members of their own tribes. Theres still a huge amount of underage marriage going on. He mentioned some of the treatment of women in the region is pretty despicable by our standards at least. I do talk about that in a book about the authoritarian way in which they control their own people. This is i would say one of the main argument by the military about why balochistan requires to have a military presence to protect people from their own historic leaders, these tribal leaders. Many of the people in the last remote regions reject that wholeheartedly and i think it is very difficult to generalize. There is a complex situation at play there between the old tribal allegiances in the modern self identification as a hallucination of fat expense. If that makes sense. Women being buried alive. Some of the other things that go on the mac one of the more famous leaders interviewed in the book with the photographs we try to show how much access in this particular area among before he was killed by the pakistani military. People did essentially worshiped him as a minor deity to control the aspects of the decisions relating to the property right into their marriage, to their kinship argument. So yeah, we do try to rein that in the book and the photographs and writing. In your book, have you covered some of the relationships and one of the original sponsors in the rural they have played in the territory . Talking at the hyatt guy, going on now we have militant groups killing of thousands of military officers, citizen of the country, today theres an assertive security in the country and there is a war going on. What is the sort of motivation or narrative for the people of the country is justified, supporting its very existence . So i touch on the narcotics issue, but i dont go into it in great detail. It is fair, part of the problem of afghanistan. But i dont owe a great deal into the funding because my great friend, gretchen praetors has written a brilliant book, which you can find on the whole thing and she talks in not. I touch of venice being the original sponsors of the taliban. What was the next question . The other question was about support for antistate element amongst ordinary people. Is that fair . Or have the taliban win support. I would say that it varies through the years. At the beginning, the taliban came back and they came back with such force. They were defeated and then they came back, research in two and six and they manage to have a message that the foreigners are leaving or the foreigners are here for no good. So there was this is among the people that okay they are back. We better do them. Is that sort of movement. Then that failed in turn its a big fight in the taliban became much garbage it and how they actually force people to support them through intimidation and through threats. The sales he is quite clever propaganda that the foreigners who dont trust them. They are only here to gain im not sure its verses are to do other things. Dont believe them when they say they are going to do a kind education. I spent a lot of white clever but in hideous propaganda. I think sometimes that works, especially with the thought of foreigners thats no good good, the infidels, they dont have your best interest at heart. Some of that work. In the end, what was most interesting is the regions where they have raised enough against the taliban. It is really because theyve been angry at the danger, the insecurity created by the taliban, the ieds, but also they realize the community is your ostracized in this not getting the aid and not in a fitting and the jobs and Development Projects that may start to reach an the taliban because of that. The agencies cannot come in and do development. The people starts to really a fair because of the poverty is great and they start to get very angry at the taliban prevented them from doing that. Key at eight sons who help in the uprising. Last year 2013 and he said none of my sons has been educated and theyve been living through the taliban air at and after the karzai area. The youngest one is 20. They should have all been school. None of them went going up is because he lived in an area of constant taliban american push and pull. He and they have very angry right now. And so i think that over the years became a very important part of the push and pull with the taliban between the local people. This target to see that the taliban was nothing. Does that make sense . You might take a couple questions . [inaudible] in your reporting on the ground, did she get a sense that theres any truth to that . The mac he was whether the national rivals do indeed receive support from the indian government, which is one of the accusations by the packets and the authorities. In all the instances where it met with these groups, i see no evidence of that. These are not guys who seem to get a great deal of money from anyone frankly. They live in difficult basic conditions in remote mountain valleys and Civil Service is. Often many, many miles from nearby settlements theyve got very commit very old and quite basic weaponry and they are living off may be some homebaked red and thats about it. Ive never seen evidence of that at all. I would posit quite frequently packets and when there are problems, and very easy way to assign the blame is to be in the authorities. So certainly they are very poor. There is no doubt about it. From what i understand, there is enough baloch dias for it to channel money. That is where most they get their help. Any other questions . [inaudible] the isi was false to the right friend to the u. S. When the u. S. Was that the soviet. I [inaudible] how much of it is because of shortsighted policies of the u. S. That this is happening . I think the way i see it is more that pakistan understood how it could run an insurgency. They learned ended up americas so well in fact you can soviet. The mujahedin funneled all the money from saudi and america and its really very successful. You know, the soviets had a hard time and eventually withdrew. And then i see the pakistanis thinking, lets continue. It is working, so as you know they moved into kashmir and i met a militant leader who was training people from all over kashmir and afghanistan, he went to chechnya, to bosnia and he was on a sort of worldwide trip to train mujahedin. And i was all sponsored by the packets in the military. I think they thought we are in a good ticket, find other places to do it. Thats where it got out of control and thats very civilian government wouldve said hang on, what are we doing, where we going with this . We are good at this. We know how to do it. They are going with the taliban and couldnt stop working very to give it up, even when 9 11 happened. These were the proteges and they wanted to see them succeed and i think they still do. That is how i see it more. Say it again. How are you doing quite [inaudible] from experience, there is a huge amount of interaction in the border region between the sides of the iran pakistan border. Many of them have tribal ties. Any of them have immediate family. In the very vicinity of the border, people live on one side and work on the other. It is like commuting from new jersey to new york in ways. Some of the larger tribal groups have a presence hundreds of miles apart because they are such people. Don and balochistan and other members of the tribe and the pakistani because theres a great deal of interaction. There is not so much. The move anraction. There is not so much. The move and the movement strongly reject some of the ideologies that the iranian rather enough to overcome and other militant on the side of the border and tend to be a lot or religious inspired and motivations. There is a group its kind of taken on iterations in the last seven or eight years since i started reporting therein they see themselves from a sectarian stand point they self identify and so that ideology is very alien to a lot of the baloch nationalists. I hope that is helpful. We discussed the other day about how dear Man Government is confirming the disappearance [inaudible] what do you think that there is some packets and he movement and how much it will effect the Peace Process reconciliation in afghanistan . Very good question. Im not sure if everyone understands that, but theres been these talks with the Afghan Government and the Afghan Taliban. I was just in kabul recently and because i was complaining that america was intervening in trying to prevent his peace talks with the Afghan Taliban. The main character in this latest piece taxes a man who seemed to have been detained. I think he was detained by the United Arab Emirates. Just after he had some talks with afghan officials. I dont know much more than when we were talking, but everything seems to point to the fact that it was not the americans. Ive talked to americans and they said it wasnt an orifice in america that tipped off the United Arab Emirates to detain memoirist people pointed out the packets dannys did ask to meet him while he was in dubai. Said they were tracking his movements and they were aware he was there. At the moment it is just supposition that they were behind his detention. Certainly i know a lot of afghan and packets and a sewer very concerned about the close relationship between packets and in the United Arab Emirates. They feel in here, people who are on the run for people who are worried about rs. I wouldnt put it past, but i dont actually know. As for the peace talks, ive never thought they are going anywhere quite frankly. Certainly the taliban to have been peace talks with the government and the ink they are controlled. They are in difficulties because families are still in packets can yet they cant really act as independent actors. But also, you know, in afghanistan, all the new people running for president , on the front runners are not interested in peace talks here they want to fight the taliban. They dont want to see the taliban come back and start getting nice plum jobs and having a great deal of influence. So i dont peace talks are going to progress very quickly this year, especially with these new elections. I just dont think its going to happen. So that is my 2 cents. Okay, i think it is time for a drink. [laughter] [applause] thank you very much. [applause] [inaudible conversations] done not. You can now take cspan with you wherever you go with our free cspan radio app for your smartphone or tablet. Listen to all three cspan tv channels or cspan radio anytime, and theres a schedule of each of our networks so you can tune in when you want, play podcasts of recent shows from our signature programs like after words, the communicators and q a. Take cspan with you wherever you go. Download your free app oin